浙江省金華市一中2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期2月期末英語(yǔ)試題

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期金華一中高二英語(yǔ)2月期末試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁(yè),滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名及規(guī)定考號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。第Ⅰ卷選擇題部分(95分)第一部分聽(tīng)力理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Dothedishes.B.Buygroceries.C.Cleanthefloor.2.Howwillthespeakersprobablygotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtoloseweight.B.Howtotakeexercise.C.Howtogoonadiet.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Unconcerned.5.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Helosthisway.B.Hewasknockedover.C.Hegotaflattyre.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面·5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatwaswrongwiththewoman’sputer?A.Ithadtoomanyfiles.B.Itwasinfected.C.Itwasoutofdate.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Runavirusscan.B.Buyanewputer.C.Updatethesoftware.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.What’stheproblemwiththewoman’spresentapartment?A.It’sfarfromcampus.B.Itsrentishigh.C.It’snotfurnished.9.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Tomakeaplaint.B.Toaskforhelp.C.Torenthishouse.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Inquireabouttheprice.B.Findaroommate.C.Visitanapartment.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whydoesthewomansuggesteatingathome?A.Shewantstosavemoney.B.Sheistiredofpreparingameal.C.She’dliketotrysomethingnew.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofIndianfood?A.Itisnotdelicious.B.Itistoospicy.C.Itisunhealthy.13.Whatwilltheyorder?A.Indianfood.B.Italianfood.C.Chinesefood.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoaftergraduation?A.Workatahotel.B.Furtherhisstudy.C.Travelaroundtheworld.15.Whatisthewoman’smajor?A.HotelManagement.B.French.C.puterScience.16.Howdoesthewomanpayhertuition?A.Bydoingaparttimejob.B.Withherscholarship.C.Withherparents’help.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.Anarchitect.C.Abusinessman.18.Howdidthearchitectdesignthebuilding?A.Bystudyingtheoldhouse.B.Bycopyingothers’designs.C.Byobservingthefamily’slife.19.Whatwasthebuildingmadeof?A.Wood.B.Brick.C.Concrete.20.Whatisthepresentconditionofthebuilding?A.Itisbeingrebuilt.B.Itiswellprotected.C.Itisinruins.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMetrorail(地鐵)Eachpassengerneedsafarecardtoenterandgoout.UptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelFreewithapayingcustomer.Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.GetoneticketofunlimitedMetrorallrideswithaOneDayPass.BuyitfromafarecardmachineinMetrostations.Useitafter9:30a,m.untilclosingonweekdays,andalldayonweekendsandholidays.HoursofseviceOpen:5amMonFri7a.mSatSunClose:midnightSunThur.3a.mFriSatLasttraintimesvary.TraintimesPostedinstationsMetrobusWhenpayingwithexactcharge,thefareis$1.35.WhenpayingwithaSmarTrip?card,thefareis1.25.FaresSeniorcitizens65andolderanddisabledcustomersmayrideforhalftheregularfare.OnMetrorailandMetrobus,useasenior/disabledfarecardorSmar/Trip?card.Formoreinformationaboutbuyingsenior.disabledfarecard,SmarTrip?cardsandpasses,pleasevisitMetroOpensDoorsorcall2026377000and2026378000.SeniorcitizensanddisabledcustomerscangetfreeguideonhowtouseproperMetrobusandMetrorallservicesbycalling2029621100.Traveltips(提示).Avoidridingduringweekdayrushperiods–before9:30a.m.andbetween4and6p.m..Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat2029621195,1.Whatshouldyouknowaboutfarecardmachines?A.Theystartsellingticketsat9:30a.m.B.Theyareconnectedtochangemachines.C.Theyofferspecialservicetotheelderly.D.Theymakechangefornomorethan$5.2.AtwhattimedoesMetrorailstopserviceonSaturday?A.Atmidnight.B.At3a.m.C.At5a.m.D.At7a.m.3.WhatisgoodaboutaSmarTrip?card?A.Itisconvenientforoldpeople.B.ItsavesmoneyforitsusersC.ItcanbeboughtatanytrainD.ItissoldontheInternet4.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyoulosesomethingontheMetro?A.2029621195B.2029621100C.2026377000D.2026378000【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在文中作者詳細(xì)介紹了地鐵站的一些信息。比如每位成年人持票可以攜帶兩名五歲以下兒童乘坐地鐵；Farecard的購(gòu)買(mǎi)和使用情況；車(chē)票的價(jià)格；此處，作者還介紹了一些服務(wù)部門(mén)的號(hào)碼以方便乘客的需要。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Metrorall(地鐵)部分第三段內(nèi)容“therearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.(車(chē)站里沒(méi)有找零機(jī)，票卡機(jī)最多只能提供5美元的找零)”可知，自動(dòng)售卡機(jī)只能最多找5美元的零錢(qián)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Hoursofsevice部分中“Close:midnightSunThur.3a.mFriSat(關(guān)閉時(shí)間為：周日至周四是午夜；周五至周六是凌晨3點(diǎn))”可知，周六停止服務(wù)的時(shí)間為凌晨3點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Metrobus部分中“Whenpayingwithexactcharge,thefareis$1.35.WhenpayingwithaSmarTrip?card,thefareis1.25.(如果按實(shí)際收費(fèi)，票價(jià)是1.35美元。如果使用SmarTrip?卡，票價(jià)是1.25美元)”可知，如果使用SmarTrip?card的話，乘客可以節(jié)省0.1美元，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat2029621195(如果你在公共汽車(chē)、火車(chē)或車(chē)站丟失了東西，請(qǐng)撥打失物招領(lǐng)2029621195)”可知，如果乘客丟失物品的話可以撥打失物招領(lǐng)處的2029621195。故選A項(xiàng)。BDoctorareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduatedfrommedicalschool.Ididn'trealizethen,butbeingapilotmakesmeabettersurgeon.Ilovedflying.AsIflewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather.Ilearnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement(機(jī)組資源管理),orCRM,anewideatomakeflyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,regardlessofpositions.IfirstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorandIwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlandingready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;IwassafetypilotHewassobusybecauseofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear(起落架)down.Hewasabetterpilotandmybosssoitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,"Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!"ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI'mintheoperatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey'renotwillingtospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewillkeepmefrom“l(fā)andinggearup”.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?A.Theylikeflyingbythemselves.B.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.C.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.D.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.6.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen_______.A.hesavedtheplanebyspeakingupB.hewasinchargeofaflyingtaskC.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolateD.hisbossoperatedonapatient7.Inthelastparagraph“l(fā)andinggearup”probablymeans______.A.followingflyingrequirements.Boverreactingtodifferentopinions.C.listeningtowhatfellowdoctorssayD.makingamistakethatmaycostlives8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafeB.FlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctorC.TheMakingofaGoodPilotD.APilotTumedDoctor【答案】5.B6.A7.D8.B【解析】【分析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，題材是故事。作者講述了自己把當(dāng)飛行員時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)的機(jī)組資源管理理念運(yùn)用到后來(lái)自己從醫(yī)的手術(shù)室中。飛行經(jīng)歷使自己成為一名更出色的醫(yī)生?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一行的“Doctorareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.(眾所周知，醫(yī)生是糟糕飛行員。他們不聽(tīng)，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)知道了一切。)”可知，作者總體上認(rèn)為doctors不喜歡傾聽(tīng)，他們認(rèn)為他們什么都懂。B選項(xiàng)“他們不愿意采納意見(jiàn)”符合文意，故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,"Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!"ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.（我們的生命處于危險(xiǎn)之中，危機(jī)時(shí)刻我大聲地說(shuō)：“我們必須按下起降架”這是我運(yùn)用CRM的第一堂課。）”可知，作者在經(jīng)歷了一次飛行，給上級(jí)提了意見(jiàn)之后，對(duì)CRM有了更深的理解，故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!（我們必須按下起降架）”可知，作者提出的降下起落架的建議，使飛機(jī)安全著陸；keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人某事，這里用的是”landinggearup”，是相反的情況，言外之意是，作者希望有人能夠勇敢提出意見(jiàn)，以避免發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)的事情。劃線部分指的是危險(xiǎn)的事情，D選項(xiàng)“犯以生命為代價(jià)的錯(cuò)誤”，符合文意，故選D。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。作者通過(guò)當(dāng)飛行員的經(jīng)歷，學(xué)到了CRM，并運(yùn)用到了自己的工作中，文章主要講的是CRM帶給作者的好處，B項(xiàng)“飛行使我成為一個(gè)更好的醫(yī)生”最符合題意，故選B。CCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnowcoveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasneverfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.Today,peoplestilleandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.9.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.10.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Twothirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.11.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.【答案】9.C10.B11.B12.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Dawson這座城市的發(fā)展原因、過(guò)程與現(xiàn)狀。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.可知，人們選擇在河邊或港口設(shè)城是因?yàn)榻煌ǚ奖悖阌谧錾?。而紐約就是在哈德森河口附近的一個(gè)大港口，故紐約吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正確?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.可知，在最初挖黃金的兩萬(wàn)人中有4000人變富有，所以是五分之一的人變富了，故B正確?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.可知，人們離開(kāi)Dawson的主要原因是聽(tīng)說(shuō)在Alaska發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，也就是他們要去別的地方尋找發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)。故B正確?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段簡(jiǎn)要介紹城市發(fā)展的原因，引出Dawson這一城市的興起，第二段介紹了該城市興起的原因，第三段介紹人們選擇離開(kāi)該城市的原因及現(xiàn)在的狀況，所以全文圍繞Dawson這個(gè)城市的發(fā)展起伏。故A正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】主旨大意題的解題技巧：一篇文章都是圍繞著一個(gè)中心思想或一個(gè)話題展開(kāi)的，因此，有的文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。通讀全文可知，文章主要圍繞Dawson的發(fā)展展開(kāi)，Dawson反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，再根據(jù)每一段的段首句可以總結(jié)出，文章第一段通過(guò)城市發(fā)展的原因引出Dawson，第二段介紹Dawson發(fā)展的原因，第三段介紹人們選擇離開(kāi)該城市的原因及現(xiàn)在的狀況，從而總結(jié)出文章的主旨大意。DBeforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostbyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter’sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbemonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapennyusuallytwoorthreecentswaschargedandsomeoftheolderwellknownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic’sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企業(yè))wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A.Academic. B.Unattractive.C.Professional. D.Popular.14.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theywouldbepricedhigher. B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C.Theycouldhavemorereaders. D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.15.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians. B.monpeople.C.Youngpublishers. D.Richbusinessmen.【答案】13.B14.C15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“便士報(bào)紙”的誕生歷史?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Before1830s,…Accordinglynewspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeople.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtomassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.(19世紀(jì)30年代之前，……報(bào)紙幾乎只有富人才會(huì)閱讀。此外，大多數(shù)報(bào)紙幾乎沒(méi)有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容。它們枯燥乏味，視覺(jué)上令人生畏。)”可知，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)大多數(shù)報(bào)紙幾乎沒(méi)有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容。它們枯燥乏味，視覺(jué)上令人生畏。由此可判斷，那時(shí)的報(bào)紙沒(méi)有什么吸引力。A.Academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B.Unattractive沒(méi)有吸引力，無(wú)魅力的；C.Professional職業(yè)的；D.Popular受歡迎的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper,perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.(當(dāng)時(shí)的趨勢(shì)是“便士紙”，指的是公眾廣泛使用的報(bào)紙。它意味著任何便宜的報(bào)紙，也許更重要的是，它意味著可以在街上買(mǎi)到單份的報(bào)紙。)”可推知，街頭銷(xiāo)售意味著報(bào)紙可以有更多的讀者。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper,perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.(當(dāng)時(shí)的趨勢(shì)是“便士紙”，指的是公眾廣泛使用的報(bào)紙。它意味著任何便宜的報(bào)紙，也許更重要的是，它意味著可以在街上買(mǎi)到單份的報(bào)紙。)”可推知，報(bào)紙是針對(duì)大眾的，這種新趨勢(shì)的報(bào)紙以平民百姓為對(duì)象。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5個(gè)小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouwastefood?Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithtreatssothatyou'11alwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou'llnevergohungry?____16____Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbeeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.____17____Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.Youmaythinksupermarketsaremainlytoblameforthismountainoffood.Afterall,theydocaststuffthat'spastitssell—by—date.They'vealsobeencriticizedforencouragingcustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.____18____InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwasteesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.Soinsteadoffillingourbellies,ourfoodisfillinguplandfillsites.Unfortunately,thiscausesgreenhousegaseswhicheventuallyleadstoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.She'ssetupaneducationprograminschools.____19________20____Andwhenwe'reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.A.Peoplebuymorethantheyneedandthrowtoomuchaway.B.Ormaybe,you'reefficientwithyourshopping,onlybuyingwhatyouneed.C.Butthebiggestcontributortofoodwasteisus.D.Clearly,weneedtothinktwicewhenshopping.E.Wesimplyneedtostopthrowingawayfoodandenjoyitinstead.F.Thishashelpedcreatea25%reductioninfoodwaste.G.It'sshockingthatathirdoftheworld'sfoodiswastedeachyear.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.F20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了，近年來(lái)，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家正面臨愈演愈烈的食品浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象，生活在這些國(guó)家的人們?nèi)缘舸罅康氖澄?，與其對(duì)比，另有一些國(guó)家的人們面臨食物緊缺，饑餓難耐，本文討論導(dǎo)致食物浪費(fèi)的原因和可減少浪費(fèi)的辦法?！?6題詳解】由上兩句“Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithtreatssothatyou'11alwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou'llnevergohungry?”（你每周買(mǎi)多少食物？你是那種在冰箱和碗櫥里放滿食物的人嗎，這樣你就永遠(yuǎn)有東西吃，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)挨餓。）可知，上文詢問(wèn)讀者每周買(mǎi)多少食物，列舉了一種買(mǎi)很多食物填滿冰箱和碗櫥的人，可得出這里是問(wèn)大家每周是怎么買(mǎi)食物的，該空可能會(huì)講每周買(mǎi)多少食物的另一種情況（或人），承接上文，B選項(xiàng)“或者，你購(gòu)物效率很高，只買(mǎi)你需要的東西?！鼻蓄}。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】由上兩句“Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbeeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.”（在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，丟棄不需要的食物已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。當(dāng)我們中的一些人扔掉不需要的東西時(shí)，世界上其他地方的人們面臨著食物短缺和饑餓。）和下一句“Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.”（實(shí)際數(shù)字是13億噸糧食，足夠養(yǎng)活10億饑餓人口。）可知，上文講到發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家食物浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象，該空應(yīng)該承接上文繼續(xù)講食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，結(jié)合下文講的13億噸足夠養(yǎng)活10億饑餓人口的糧食可知，該空可能會(huì)講食物浪費(fèi)的多少，承接上下文，G選項(xiàng)“令人震驚的是，世界上每年有三分之一的食物被浪費(fèi)了。”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由下一句“InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwasteesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.”（在歐洲，令人難以置信的53%的食物垃圾來(lái)自家庭，每年造成8800萬(wàn)噸食物垃圾。）可知，下文講到53%的食物浪費(fèi)來(lái)自家庭，說(shuō)明是我們（消費(fèi)者自己）造成了食物浪費(fèi)，承接下文，C選項(xiàng)“但造成食物浪費(fèi)的最大因素是我們。”切題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由上三句“InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.She'ssetupaneducationprograminschools.”（在丹麥，一位名叫SelinaJuul的女士一直在努力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。她說(shuō)服一些超市停止大量銷(xiāo)售商品，以便人們只買(mǎi)他們需要的東西。她在學(xué)校里設(shè)立了一個(gè)教育計(jì)劃。）可知，SelinaJuul女士采取措施來(lái)解決食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，可得出她設(shè)立的教育計(jì)劃也是為了減少食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這有助于減少25%的食物浪費(fèi)。”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】此處是總結(jié)句。由上文的“食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重”和下一句“Andwhenwe'reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.”（當(dāng)我們?cè)诩业臅r(shí)候，我們應(yīng)該充分利用我們所擁有的食物——使用用光我們剩菜的食譜，甚至與我們的朋友和鄰居分享我們多余的食物。）可知，食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題很?chē)?yán)重，下文建議讀者不要浪費(fèi)食物，想辦法吃完擁有的食物，說(shuō)明為了不浪費(fèi)食物，我們買(mǎi)食物時(shí)，要多多思考自己到底需要多少食物，承接上下文，D選項(xiàng)“顯然，我們?cè)谫?gòu)物時(shí)要三思而后行?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié):(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains.Theyreachedthetop___21___butontheirwaybackconditionswerevery___22___.Joefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimon___23___alone,hewouldprobablygetback___24___.ButSimondecidedtoriskhis___25___andtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope(繩).Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanother___26___occurred.Theycouldn’tseeorheareachotherand,___27___,Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).ItwasimpossibleforJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe’s___28___waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.Finally,aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,Simonhadto___29___.Intears,hecuttherope.Joefellintoahugecrevasse(裂)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn’twalk,buthe___30___togetoutofthecrevasseandstartedto___31___towardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometers___32___Simonhad___33___thecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbedead,buthedidn’twanttoleave___34___.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe’svoice.Hecouldn’t___35___it.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive21A.hurriedly B.carefully C.successfully D.early22.A.difficult B.similar C.special D.normal23.A.climbed B.worked C.rested D.continued24.A.unwillingly B.safely C.slowly D.regretfully25.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life26.A.damage B.storm C.change D.trouble27.A.bymistake B.bychance C.bychoice D.byluck28.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment29.A.standback B.takearest C.makeadecision D.holdon30A.managed B.planned C.waited D.hoped31.A.run B.skate C.move D.march32.A.around B.away C.above D.along33.A.headedfor B.traveledto C.leftfor D.returnedto34.A.secretly B.tiredly C.immediately D.anxiously35.A.find B.believe C.make D.accept【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述JoeSimpson和SimonYates登山遇到事故，Simon認(rèn)為Joe已經(jīng)遇難，但最后Joe奇跡活下來(lái)的故事。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們成功登頂，但在返回途中情況非常困難。A.hurriedly匆匆忙忙；B.carefully小心地；C.successfully成功地；D.early早期地。下文“ontheirwayback”提到他們返回途中可知，Joe和Simon已經(jīng)“成功”登頂了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們成功登頂，但在返回途中情況非常困難。A.difficult困難的；B.similar相似的；C.special特殊的；D.normal正常的。由下文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，回途情況變得很“困難”了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都知道，如果Simon繼續(xù)獨(dú)自一人，他很可能會(huì)安全回來(lái)。A.climbed爬；B.worked工作；C.rested休息；D.continued繼續(xù)。由上文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，這種情況，如果Simon“繼續(xù)”一人走下去，可能會(huì)安全下山。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都知道，如果Simon繼續(xù)獨(dú)自一人，他很可能會(huì)安全回來(lái)。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.safely安全地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.regretfully遺憾地。由上文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，在同伴受傷情況下，一起下山可能都會(huì)死，但如果Simon繼續(xù)獨(dú)自一人，他很可能會(huì)“安全”下山。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Simon決定冒著生命危險(xiǎn)，用繩子把Joe從山上拉下來(lái)。A.fortune財(cái)富；B.time時(shí)間；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。由上文“hewouldprobablygetback4”以及but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，這里指Simon決定冒著“生命”危險(xiǎn)，帶Joe一起下山。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后又出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)麻煩。A.damage損壞；B.storm風(fēng)暴；C.change改變；D.trouble麻煩。由下文“Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”可知，這里指又出現(xiàn)了另一個(gè)“麻煩”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查介詞詞組辨析。句意：他們看不見(jiàn)，也聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)對(duì)方的聲音，Simon錯(cuò)誤地把他的朋友從懸崖邊上放了下來(lái)。A.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；B.bychance偶然地；C.bychoice自愿地；D.byluck僥幸地。由下文“Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”和“ItwasimpossibleforJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.

”可知，這里指Simon“錯(cuò)誤地”把他的朋友從懸崖邊上放了下來(lái)，以至于喬不可能爬回來(lái)，西蒙也不可能把他拉上來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Joe的體重很重，他把Simon慢慢地拉向懸崖。A.height高度；B.weight重量；C.strength力量；D.equipment設(shè)備。由下文“pullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice”可知，這里指Joe的“體重”很重，所以把Simon慢慢地拉向懸崖。故選B項(xiàng)。29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中度過(guò)了一個(gè)多小時(shí)后，Simon不得不做出決定。A.standback置身事外；B.takearest休息；C.makeadecision作出決定；D.holdon堅(jiān)持。由下文“Intears,hecuttherope.”可知，這里指Simon不得不“做出決定”，即放棄Joe。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他無(wú)法行走，但他設(shè)法走出裂縫，開(kāi)始向近十公里外的營(yíng)地移動(dòng)。A.managed管理，設(shè)法做某事；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.waited等待；D.hoped希望。由上文“Hecouldn’twalk”以及but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，這里指Joe“設(shè)法”走出裂縫。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他無(wú)法行走，但他設(shè)法走出裂縫，開(kāi)始向近十公里外的營(yíng)地移動(dòng)。A.run 跑；B.skate滑冰；C.move移動(dòng)；D.march前進(jìn)。由上文“Hecouldn’twalk”可知，這里指Joe只能用身體“移動(dòng)”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他無(wú)法行走，但他設(shè)法走出裂縫，開(kāi)始向近十公里外的營(yíng)地移動(dòng)。A.around四周；B.away向遠(yuǎn)處；C.above以上；D.along沿著。由上文“nearlytenkilometers”以及語(yǔ)境可知，營(yíng)地在“向遠(yuǎn)處”十公里外。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：Simon已經(jīng)回到山腳下的營(yíng)地。A.headedfor朝……走過(guò)去；B.traveledto前往；C.leftfor動(dòng)身去；D.returnedto返回到。由下文“thecampatthefootofthemountain”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指Simon已經(jīng)“回到”山腳下的營(yíng)地。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為Joe一定死了，但他不想馬上離開(kāi)。A.secretly秘密地；B.tiredly疲倦地；C.immediately立即地；D.anxiously焦急地。由下文“Threedayslater”可知，這里指Simon不想“立即”離開(kāi)營(yíng)地，在那等了幾天。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信。A.find找到；B.believe相信；C.make制作；D.accept接受。由上文“HethoughtthatJoemustbedead”可知，這里指Simon不“相信”Joe還活著。故選B項(xiàng)。第Ⅱ卷非選擇題部分(55分)第二節(jié):(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OftencalledthePorcelain(瓷器)Capitalforitsimportantroleinthedomesticandinternationalceramic(陶瓷)industry,JingdezheninJiangxiProvinceisfamousforitsancientporcelainproductionthat____36____(date)backtomorethan1,700yearsago.AsthemostimportantceramicproductioncenterinChina,Jingdezhenproduceshighqualityporcelainthat____37____(appreciate)bothinChinaandworldwide.InDecember2014,Jingdezhenwas____38____(official)approvedbyUNESCOandjoinedtheCreativeCityNetwork,____39____(gain)itselfthe“CityofCraftsandFolkArt”title.Inrecentyears,bymakinguseofitsculturaladvantages,Jingdezhenhasorganizedimportant____40____(activity)onceramicarts.TheseeventshavetransformedJingdezhenintoanincredibleplatformfordiversifiedcooperationandmunication,____41____youngartistictalentsaredrawntoitsflamelikemoths.Establishinganameforhimselfas____42____oneandonlylivefashionillustrator,DengtraveledfromQingdaotoJingdezhentoexploretheclevercosmosofancientChineseceramicvasepatterns.Hisceramicworks,both____43____(function)andsculptural,arefullofelementsoffashion,humor,andcharacter____44____(paint)onwithtraditionalChineseink.Delicateandsensitive_____45_____thetouch,Deng’sbrilliantpiecesareasighttosee.TheredandpinkmixtureofcolorsandlightingsurroundingthevasesrepresentChinesehappinessandWesternpassion,attractingEastandWestinthesamenarrative,onthesamecanvas(畫(huà)布).【答案】36.dates37.isappreciated38.officially39.gaining40.activities41.where42.the43.functional44.painted45.to【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了景德鎮(zhèn)的瓷文化?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：江西景德鎮(zhèn)因其在國(guó)內(nèi)外陶瓷業(yè)中的重要作用而被稱為瓷都，其古老的瓷器生產(chǎn)可追溯