2019年軍隊文職人員招聘《英語語言文學(xué) 》試題（網(wǎng)友回憶版）

2019年軍隊文職人員招聘《英語語言文學(xué)》試題（網(wǎng)友回憶版）

［單選題］1.Mysonfailedtocomebackhomelastnight.Thismorning

thepolicecametoourhouseandmyworstfearsthathewasinjured

inacaraccident.

A.advocated

B.confirmed

C.promised

D.insured

參考答案：B

［單選題］2.Inanefforttocultureshocks,Ithinkitis

necessarytoknowsomethingaboutthenatureofculture.

A.getoff

B.getby

C.getthrough

D.getover

參考答案：D

［單選題］4.Mygrandparentsalwaysenjoythe________oftheirrelatives.

A.company

B.accompaniment

C.companion

D.compassion

參考答案：A

［單選題］5,AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmy__and

intuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.

A.determination

B.curiosity

C.feeling

D.imagination

參考答案：B

［單選題］6.The_atthemilitaryacademyissorigidthatsomepeople

cannotendureit.

A.convention

B.confinement

C.principle

D.discipline

參考答案：D

［單選題］7.Themachineryhadbeenwreckedsoefficientlythatpolice

weresureitwasacaseof

A.vagabond

B.sabotage

C.paradox

D.tachyon

參考答案：B

［單選題］8?Thesocialworkerstriedto___thejuveniledelinquents.

A.quarantine

B.muddle

C.rehabilitate

D.indent

參考答案：C

［單選題］9.Thescentsoftheflowerswas_tousbythebreeze.

A.intercepted

B.detested

C.saturated

D.wafted

參考答案：D

［單選題］lO.Tonystopshimwithnewsthataplanehasoverthe

MojaveDesert.

A.blowndown

B.blownoff

C.blownup

D.blownin

參考答案：C

［單選題］ILHeremainedcalmevenofsuchobviousdanger.

A.intheevent

B.intheface

C.indisregard

D.indefiance

參考答案：B

［單選題］12.Jackisso_____tohisappearancethatheneverhashis

clothespressed.

A.adverse

B.anonymous

C.indifferent

D.casual

參考答案：C

［單選題］13.Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigationand

improvehisfarminotherways.

A.vessels

B.routes

C.paths

D.channels

參考答案：D

［單選題］14.Myinvestmentinthatcompanycannolongerbeasa

sourceofincome.

A.lookedon

B.insistedon

C.reckonedon

D.capitalizedon

參考答案：C

［單選題］15.Theinjuredinthetsunami_______goodcareofbycome

medicalteams.

A.istaken

B.arebeingtaken

C.aretaking

D.isbeingtaken

參考答案：B

［單選題］16.Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborder

intotheneighboringcountry______bythepoliceeachtime.

A.hadbeencaptured

B.beingalwayscaptured

C.onlytobecaptured

D.unfortunatelycaptured

參考答案：C

［單選題］17.ItwasnotuntilIcamehereIrealizedthisplace

wasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsbeautybutalsoits

longhistory.

A.who

B.that

C.where

D.before

參考答案：B

［單選題］18.advanceseemstobefollowingadvanceonalmosta

monthlybasis.

A.Sorapidistherateofprogressthat

B.Rapidastherateofprogressisthat

C.Sorapidistherateofprogressas

D.Rapidastherateofprogressas

參考答案：A

［單選題］19.There___beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtest

sinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.

A.mustn,t

B.shan't

C.shouldn,t

D.needn,t

參考答案：C

［單選題］20?Sunburncanbejustaheatburn.

asserve

B

Csevere

Dassevereas

severeas

參考答案：C

［單選題］21.TheindigenouspeopleinAustraliaare,whichhave

2.2%ofthetotalpopulationin2001.

A.Aborigines

B.Maoris

C.Indians

D.Eskimos

參考答案：A

［單選題］22.InEngland,themostfamousoftheCatholicconspiracies

was_______

A.TheCobham'splot

B.themurderofThomasBecket

C.theexecutionofMaryQueenofScots

D.theGunpowderPlot

參考答案：D

［單選題］23.TheHundredYear'sWarbetweenBritainandFrancewas

fought_______

A.from1327to1453

B.from1337to1453

C.from1347to1453

D.from1357to1453

參考答案：B

［單選題］24.whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutAmericaneducation

isWRONG?

A.ElementaryandsecondaryeducationinAmericaisfreeand

compulsory

B.Privateschoolsarefinanciallysupportedbyreligiousor

nonreligiousprivateorganizationsorindividuals

C.Therearemorepubliccollegesanduniversitiesthantheprivate

ones

D.Creditstakenatcommunitycollegesarenormallyapplicableto

requirementforafour-yearbache1orsdegree

參考答案：C

［單選題］25.Easterisaholidayusuallyconnectedtothefollowing

except______.

A.thereunionofalargefamily

B.theeatingofEastereggs

C.thecomingofspring

D.theresurrectionofChrist

參考答案：A

［單選題］26.Thedistinctionbetweenparoleandlanguewasproposed

by.

A.Halliday

B.Chomsky

C.Bloomfield

D.Saussure

參考答案：D

［單選題］27.Whenaspeakerexpresshisintentionofspeaking,suchas

askingapersontoopenthewindows,heisperforming.

A.anillocutionaryact

B.aperlocutionaryact

C.alocutionaryact

D.noneoftheabove

參考答案：A

［單選題］28.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,

fricatives,nasals,etc.Intermsof_____.

A.opennessofmouth

B.mannerofarticulation

C.placeofarticulation

D.voicing

參考答案：B

［單選題］29.Pragmaticsdiffersfromtraditionalsemanticsinthatit

studiesmeaningnotinisolation,butin.

A.relationship

B.sentence

C.words

D.context

參考答案：D

［單選題］30.WhichofthefollowingisnotanovelbyErnestHemingway?

A.ForWhomTheBellTolls

B.TheSunAlsoRises

C.TheOldManandTheSea

D.ThisSideofParadise

參考答案：D

［.問答題」1.“我們要積極拓展兩國互利合作，要秉持共贏理念，不斷提高合作

水平。當前，要著力加強宏觀經(jīng)濟政策協(xié)調(diào)，同有關(guān)各方一道，推動20國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

人杭州峰會取得積極成果，向國際社會傳遞信心，為世界經(jīng)濟注入動力。要全

力爭取早日達成互利共贏的中美投資協(xié)定，要深化兩國在氣候變化、發(fā)展、網(wǎng)

絡(luò)、反恐、防擴散、兩軍和執(zhí)法等領(lǐng)域交流合作，加強雙方在重大國際和地區(qū)

以及全球性問題上的溝通和協(xié)調(diào)。我們要妥善管控分歧和敏感問題，雙方存一

些分歧是難以避免的，雙方應(yīng)該以務(wù)實和建設(shè)性的態(tài)度管控好?！?/p>

參考答案：Weshouldvigorouslyexpandmuallybeneficial

cooperationbetweenourtwonations,andcontinuouslyraisethe

levelofourcooperationwiththewin-winidea.Currentlywe

shouldstrengthenmacroeconomicpolicycoordinationandbringthe

G20Hangzhousummittoasuccesstogetherwiththepartiesconcerned

soastodeliverconfidencetotheinternationalcommunity

andinjectthemotiveforcefortheworldeconomy.Weshouldstride

toachieveanearlyconclusionofBilateralInvestmentTreatyto

realizemutuallybenefitandwin-winsituation.Weshould

deepenexchangesandcooperationinthefieldsofclimatechange,

development,networks,counter-terrorism,non-proliferation,armed

forcesandlawenforcementandsoon.Weshouldstrengthenthe

communicationandcoordinationofthebothsidesonthemajor

internationalandregionalissues.Weshouldproperlymanageand

controldifferencesandsensitiveissues.Inevitableasthe

differencesare,weshouldmanageandcontrolthemwellina

pragmaticandconstructiveattitude.

［問答題］2.Ifpeoplemeananythingatallbytheexpression“untimely

deathzz,theymustbelievethatsomedeathsrunonabetterschedule

thanothers.Deathinoldageisrarelycalleduntimely-alonglife

isthoughttobeafullone.Butwiththepassingofayoungperson,

oneassumesthatthebestyearslayaheadandthemeasureofthat

lifewasstilltobetaken.Historydeniesthis,ofcourse.Among

prominentsummerdeaths,onerecallsthoseofMarilynMonroeand

JamesDeans,whoselivesseemedequallybriefandcomplete.Writers

cannotbearthefactthatpoetJohnKeatsdiedat26,andonlyhalf

playfullyjudgetheirownlivesasfailureswhentheypassthatyear.

Theideathatthelifecutshortisunfililledisillogicalbecause

livesaremeasuredbytheimpressionstheyleaveontheworldandby

theirintensityandvirtue.

參考答案：如果“早逝”另有所指的話，那一定是人們相信，有些人死得更

合“時宜”，而另一些人則“死不逢時”。年邁去世很少被稱作“早逝”，因

為長壽就是圓滿。反之，如果是年輕人謝世，人們會認為這位年輕人才華尚未

施展，前途無可限量。當然，歷史否定這一點。在諸多杰出的“英年早逝者”

當中，我們不會忘記瑪麗蓮?夢露與詹姆斯?迪恩斯。此二人生命雖短，卻依

然完美無缺。詩人約翰,濟慈26歲與世長辭，眾多作家難以接受，半開玩笑地

說他們自己的生命即便超過26歲，也不過失敗二字。視英年早逝為不圓滿，這

一觀念有悖于邏輯，因為衡量生命的尺度乃是留給世界的印記，是生命的力度

及其美德。

共享題干題

DespiteDenmark'smanifestvirtues,Danesnevertalkabouthowproud

theyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanes

talktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingon

itstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,the

generalsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenand

thehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay,“Denmarkis

agreatcountry."You'resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.It

isthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenational

budgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife'sinequalities,andthereis

plentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprogrammes,job

seminars-Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycentrehearing

aboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.Itisa

culturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,

anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs-thereisnoDanish

Academytodefendagainstit------olddialectspersistinJutland

thatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,

asthesayinggoes,"Fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,“and

aforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,where

thelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehave

disappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs.It'sanationof

recyclers-about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew

----andnonuclearpowerplants.It'sanationoftirelessplanner.

Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.Suchanationof

overachievers----abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinesandIndustry

says,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld，scleanestandmostorganized

countries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkis

themostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere."So,of

course,one,sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinhead

graffitionbuildings(^ForeignersOutofDenmark!"),brokenbeer

bottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthe

park.Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanish

town,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisa

fieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itis

notanationofjay-walkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfor

theredlighttochange,evenifit's2a.m.andthere'snotacarin

sight.However,Danesdon'tthinkofthemselvesasawainting-at-2-

a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople-----that,showtheyseeSwedesand

Germans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefree

spiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsay

it)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessis

amainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limited

manufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasa

broker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.Yousendyourgoodsby

containershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-

speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyour

goodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,

seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodermandwell-

maintained.Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn'tmeanthatDanish

livesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewould

tellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthe

sorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowent

offonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexempt

itsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.Butthereisasenseof

entitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsare

yoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn,tfeelbadfortaking

whatyou,reentitledto,you*reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesof

thewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyou

loseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andthe

orderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountryto

weatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

［單選題］1.TheAuthorthinksthatDanesadoptaattitudetowards

theircountry.

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

參考答案：B

［單選題］2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccited

inthepassage?

A.Fondnessofforeignculture

B.Equalityinsociety

C.Linguistictolerance

D.Persistentplanning

參考答案：A

［單選題］3.Theauthor，sreactiontostatementbytheMinistryof

BusinessandIndustryis

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

參考答案：D

［單選題］4?Accordingtothepassage,Dunishorderliness______.

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeople

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.PreventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtrouble

參考答案：C

［單選題］5.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthe

followingexceptthat_______.

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

C.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

D.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

參考答案：B

Heemerged,allofasudden,in1957:themostexplosivenewpoetic

talentoftheEnglishpost-warera.Poetryspecialised,atthat

moment,inthewrychroniclingoftheeveryday.Thepoetryof

Yorkshire-bornTedHughes,firstpublishedinabookcalled"TheHawk

intheRain"whenhewas27,wasunlikeanythingwrittenbyhis

immediatepredecessors.DrivenbyanalmostJacobeanrhetoric,ithad

avisionaryfervour.Itsmosteye-catchingcharacteristicwasHughes

'sabilitytogetbeneaththeskinsofanimals:foxes,otters,

pigs.Theseanimalsweretherealthingallright,buttheywerealso

armorialdevices-symbolsofthecountrysideandlifebloodofthe

earthinwhichtheywererooted.Itgavehisworkaraw,primal

stink.ItwasnotonlyEnglandthatthoughtsoeither.Hughes,sbook

wasalsopublishedinAmerica,whereitwontheGalbraithprize,a

majorliteraryaward.Butthen,in1963,SylviaPlath,ayoung

AmericanpoetwhomhehadfirstmetatCambridgeUniversityin1956,

andwhobecamehiswifeinthesummerofthatyear,committed

suicide.Hugheswasvilifiedforlongafterthat,especiallyby

feministsinAmerica.In1998,theyearhedied,Hughesbrokehisown

self-imposedpublicsilenceabouttheirrelationshipinabookof

loose-weavepoemscalled"BirthdayLetters*.Inthisnewand

exhilaratingcollectionofrealletters,Hughesreturnstotheissue

ofhisfirstwife'sdeath,whichhecallshis"bigandunmanageable

event”.Hefelthistalentmuffledbytheperpefualeavesdropping

uponhiseverymove.Notuntilhedecidedtopublishhisownaccount

oftheirrelationshipdidtheburdenbegintolighten.Theanalysisis

raw,painedandruthlesslyself-aware.Forallthemoraltorment,the

writingitselfhasthesamerushandvigourthatpossessedHughes,s

earlypoetry.Somebooksoflettersserveasapersonalised

historicalchronicle.Poets*lettersareseldomlikethat,andHughes

'sarenoexception.Hisareaboutalifeofliteraryengagement:

almostallofthemincludesomemusingonthestateorthenatureof

writing,bothHughes*sownorotherpeople,s.Thetrajectoryof

Hughes'sliterarycareerhadhimmovingfromobscuritytofame,and

then,intheeyesofmany,tolife-longnotoriety.Theselettersare

filledwithhiswrestlingwiththeconsequencesofbeingthepart-

private,part-publiccreaturethathebecame,desperatetodevote

himselftohiswriting,andyetsubjecttoendlessinvasionsofhis

privacy.Hughesisanabsorbingandintricatecommentatoruponhisown

poetry,evenwhenheisstandingbackfromitandgood-humouredly

condemninghimselffor"itsfantasticalia,itspretticismsandits

infiniteverballifications*.Healsobelieved,fromfirsttolast,

thatpoetryhadaspecialplaceintheeducationofchildren.^What

kidsneed”,hewroteina1988lettertothesecretaryofstatefor

educationintheConservativegovernment,“isaheadfull［sic］of

songsthatarenotsongsbutblocksofrefinedandachievedand

exemplarylanguage.Whenthathappens,childrenhave“theguardian

angelinstalledbehindthetongue^.Luckyreaders,bigorsmall.

［單選題］6.ThepoetryofHughes'sforerunnersischaracteristic

of_______

A.Itsnatural,crudeflavor

B.itsfantasticalenthusiasm

C.Itspenetratingsight

D.itsdistorteddepictionofpeople，sdailylife

參考答案：D

［單選題］7.Theword"vilified""mostprobablymeans

A.tortured

B.scolded

C.harassed

D.tormented

參考答案：B

［單選題］8.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,Hughes5scollectionof

lettersare_______.

A.personalrecollectionofhislife

B.personalizedhistoricalchronicleofhisliteraryengagement

C.reflectionsofhisstrugglewithhisdevotionandthereality

D.hismeditationontheliteraryworld

參考答案：D

［單選題］9.Fromtheletters,wemayfindthecauseofHughes'sinternal

struggleis_______.

A.hisdevotiontotheliteracyworld

B.thatheisapart-private,part-publiccreature

C.thatheisconstrainedbythefearofhisprivacybeinginvaded

D.hisfameandnotoriety

參考答案：C

［單選題］10.By"luckyreadersinthelastsentence,theauther

means_____

A.childrenwhoreadpoetry

B.childrenwhohaveaheadful1ofsongs

C.childrenwhohavetheguardianangelinstalledbehindthetongue

D.childrenwhoownblocksofrefinedandachievedandexemplary

language

參考答案：A

Richard,KingofEnglandfrom1189to1199,withallhis

characteristicvirtuesandfaultscastinaheroicmould,isoneof

themostfascinatingmedievalfigures.Hehasbeendescribedasthe

creatureandembodimentoftheageofchivalry,Inthosedaysthe

lionwasmuchadmiredinheraldry,andmorethanonekingsoughtto

linkhimselfwithitsrepute.WhenRichard,scontemporariescalled

him^CoeurdeLion”(TheLionheart),theypaidalastingcompliment

tothekingofbeasts.LittledidtheEnglishpeopleowehimforhis

services,andheavilydidtheypayforhisadventures.Hewasin

Englandonlytwiceforafewshortmonthsinhistenyears,reign;

yethismemoryhasalwaysEnglishhearts,andseemstopresent

throughoutthecenturiesthepatternoffightingman.Inalldeedsof

prowessaswellasinlargeschemesofwarRichardshone.Hewastall

anddelicatelyshapedstronginnerveandsinew,andmostdexterous

inarms.Herejoicedinpersonalcombat,andregardedhisopponents

withoutmaliceasnecessaryagentsinhisfame.Helovedwar,notso

muchforthesakeofgloryorpoliticalends,butasothermenlove

scienceorpoetry,fortheexcitementofthestruggleandtheglowof

victory.Bythishiswholetemperamentwastoned;andunitedwiththe

highestqualitiesofthemilitarycommander,loveofwarcalledforth

allthepowersofhismindandbody.Althoughamanofbloodand

violence,Richardwastooimpetuoustobeeithertreacherouson

habituallycruel.Hewasasreadytoforgiveashewashastytooffend;

hewasopen-handedandmunificenttoprofusion;inwarcircumspectin

designandskillfulinexecution;inpoliticalachild,lackingin

subtletyandexperience.Hispoliticalallianceswereformeduponhis

likesanddislikes;hispoliticalschemeshadneitherunitynor

clearnessofpurpose.Theadvantagesgainedforhimbymilitary

geoidswereflungawaythroughdiplomaticineptitude.When,onthe

journeytotheEast,Messinainsicilywaswonbyhisarmshewas

easilypersuadedtosharewithhispolished,faithlessally,Philip

Augustus,fruitsofavictorywhichmorewiselyusedmighthavefoiled

theFrenchKing*sartfulschemes.Therichandtenableacquisitionof

Cypruswascastawayevenmoreeasilythanitwaswon.Hislifewas

onemagnificentparade,whichended,leftonlyanemptyplain.In1199,

whenthedifficultiesofraisingrevenuefortheendlesswarwereat

theirheight,goodnewswasbroughttoKingRichard.Itwassaid

therehadbeendugupnearthecastleofChaluz,onthelandsofone

ofhisFrenchvassals,atreasureofwonderfulquality;agroupof

goldenimagesofanemperor,hiswife,sonsanddaughters,seated

roundatable,alsoofgold,hadbeenunearthed.TheKingclaimedthis

treasureaslordparamount.ThelordofChaluzresistedthedemand,

andtheKinglaidsiegetohissmall,weakcastle.Onthethirdday,

asherodedaringly,nearthewall.Confidentinhishard-triedluck,

aboltfromacrossbowstruckhimintheleftshoulderbythe

neck.Thewound,alreadydeep,wasaggravatedbythenecessarycutting

outofthearrow-head.Gangrenesetin,andCocurdeLionknewthathe

mustpayasoldier*sdebt.Hepreparedfordeathwithfortitudeand

calm,andinaccordancewiththeprincipleshehadfollowed.He

arrangedhisaffairs;hedividedtobehisheir,andmadeallpresent

swearfealtytohim.Heorderedthearcherwhohadshotthefatal

bolt,andwhowasnowaprisoner,tobebroughtbeforehim.He

pardonedhim,andmadehimagiftofmoney.Forsevenyearshehadnot

confessedforfearofbeingcompelledtobereconciledtoPhilip,but

nowhereceivedtheofficesoftheChurchwithsincereandexemplary

piety,anddiedintheforty-secondyearofhisageonApril6,1199,

worthy,bytheconsentofallmen,tositwithKingArthurandRoland

andotherheroesofmartialromanceatsomeEternalroundTable,which

wetrusttheCreatoroftheUniverseinHiscomprehensionwillnot

haveforgottentoprovide.Thearcherwasflayedalive.

［單選題］11.“l(fā)ittledidtheEnglishpeopleownhimforhisservice

(ParagraphOne)meansthattheEnglish.

A.receivedlittleprotectionfromhim

B.paidfewtaxestohim

C.gavehimlittlerespect

D.hadnorealcausetofeelgratefultohim

參考答案：D

［單選題］12.Tosaythathislifewasamagnificentparade”

(ParagraphTwo)impliesthattosomeextentitwas.

A.anemptyshow

B.livedtoopompously

C.impressiveandadmirable

D.spentchieflyatwar

參考答案：A

L單選題」13.Richard'sbehaviorasdeathapproachedshowed.

A.braveryandselfcontrol

B.wisdomandcorrectness

C.Devotionandromance

D.chivalryandcharity

參考答案：D

［單選題］14.ThepointofthelastshortparagraphisthatRichard

was_______.

A.cheatedbyhisownsuccessors

B.determinedtotakerevengeonhisenemies

C.moregeneroustohisenemiesthanhissuccessors

D.unabletoinfluencethebehaviorofhissuccessors

參考答案：C

［單選題］15.WhichofthefollowingphrasebestdescribesRichardas

seenbytheauthor?

A.anaggressiveking,toofondofwar

B.abravekingwithminorfaults

C.ACompetentbutcunningsolider

D.akindwithpoliticalskills

參考答案：B

ExaminationsExertaPerniciousInfluenceonEducationWemightmarvel

attheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudy,butthemethodsof

testingaperson*sknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasever

theywere.Itreallyisextraordinarythatafteralltheseyears,

educationistshavestillfailedtodeviceanythingmoreefficientand

reliablethanexaminations.Forallthepiousclaimthatexaminations

textwhatyouknow,itiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendo

theexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemory,or

theknackofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressure,buttheycan

tellyounothingaboutaperson,strueabilityandaptitude.As

anxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecauseso

muchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessoffailureinour

society.Yourwholefuturemaybedecidedinonefatefulday.It

doesn'tmatterthatyouweren'tfeelingverywell,orthatyour

motherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon'tcount:theexamgoeson.

Noonecangiveofhisbestwhenheisinmortalterror,oraftera

sleplessnight,yetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystem

expectshimtodo.Themomentachildbeginsschool,heentersa

worldofviciouscompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearly

definedandmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof

Jdrop-out:youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailures

beforetheyhaveevenembarkedonacareer?Canwebesurprisedatthe

suiciderateamongstudents?Agoodeducationshould,amongother

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anythingbutthat.Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbya

syllabus,sothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdo

notmotivateastudenttoreadwidely,buttorestricthisreading;

theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledge,butinduce

cramming.Theylowerthestandardsofteaching,fortheydeprivethe

teacherofalifreedoms.Teachersthemselvesareofienjudgedby

examinationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjects,theyare

reducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichthey

despise.Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebest

educated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunder

duress.Theresultsonwhichsomuchdependsareoftennothingmore

thanasubjectiveasssmentbysomeanonymousexaminer.Examinersare

onlyhuman.Theygettiredandhungry;theymakemistakes.Yetthey

havetomarkstacksofhastilyscrawledscriptsinalimitedamount

oftime.Theyworkunderthesamesortofpressureasthecandidates.

Andtheirwordcarriesweight.Afterajudge'sdecisionyouhavethe

rightofappeal,butnotafteranexaminer,s.Theremustsurelybe

manysimplerandmoreeffectivewaysofassessingaperson,strue

abilities.