2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit4BreakingboundariesPeriod4Developingideas閱讀提能課課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)十六Unit4Period4Ⅰ.閱讀理解AFredericklearnedhowtoreadandwriteatanearlyage.HealsoworkedhardintheBaltimoreShipyardsandsawhowhorribleslaverycouldbe.Hewasbeatenonseveraloccasions,byhismastersandothershipyardworkers.Hefinallydecidedtoescape,dressedasasailor,andmadeittotheNorth.InNewBedford,Massachusetts,in1838,FrederickmarriedAnnaMurray.ThecouplesoonmetupwithablackmannamedNathanJohnson,whoinvitedthemtostaywithhimandhisfamily.Atthattime,JohnsonwasreadingSirWalterScott’sbookTheLadyoftheLake.Eagertoleavehisoldidentitybehind,FrederickchangedhislastnametoDouglass,afteracharacterinthebook.HisfirstexposuretotheAnti-SlaverySocietywasthroughreadingthenewspaper,TheLiberator.HesoonmetWilliamLloydGarrison,thenewspaper’seditorandoneoftheleadersoftheAnti-SlaverySociety.DouglassgaveaspeechataSocietymeeting,andmanypeoplewereverymuchimpressed.DouglassthenwenttoworkfortheSociety.Andheworkedforitformanyyears.Afteratime,peoplebegantodoubtthesincerityofhisstories.Howcouldthismanwhospokewithsuchbigwordsandsuchhigh-mindedconceptshavebeenaslavejustashorttimeago?Toanswerthesecharges,Douglasspublishedhislifestory,NarrativeoftheLifeofFrederickDouglass,anAmericanSlave.DouglassthenwenttoEngland,wherehemadeimportantfriends,whohelpedhimbuyhisfreedom.FrederickDouglassreturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1847asafreeman.HemovedtoRochester,NewYork,andbeganpublishinganewspaper,TheNorthAfterLincoln’selectionandtheoutbreakoftheCivilWar,Douglasscontinuedtopressforthefreedomofslavesandanewcause,theintroductionofblacksoldiersintotheUnionArmy.In1863,boththethingshappened.LincolnissuedTheEmancipationProclamation,andCongresspassedalawapprovingblacksoldiersinthearmy.FrederickDouglassdiedin1895afteralongillness.Hisvoicecontinuedtobeheardlongafterhisdeath.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文為一篇人物傳記。文章介紹了美國(guó)黑人廢奴運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖Frederick為實(shí)現(xiàn)黑奴解放所做的努力。1.WhydidFrederickchangehisnametoDouglass?A.Toforgethisterriblepast.B.TostaywithNathanJohnson’sfamily.C.TogetajobintheAnti-SlaverySociety.D.Tomakethenameeasytoremember.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的Eagertoleavehisoldidentitybehind,FrederickchangedhislastnametoDouglass,afteracharacterinthebook.可知,弗雷德里克把名字改成道格拉斯是渴望拋棄自己的舊身份。故選A項(xiàng)。2.HowdidDouglassbegintoknowtheAnti-SlaverySociety?A.BygivingaspeechataSocietymeeting.B.ByworkingfortheAnti-SlaverySociety.C.BymeetingWilliamLloydGarrison.D.ByreadingtheSociety’snewspaper.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的HisfirstexposuretotheAnti-SlaverySocietywasthroughreadingthenewspaper,TheLiberator.可知他第一次接觸反奴隸制社會(huì)是通過(guò)閱讀報(bào)紙。故選D項(xiàng)。3.ForwhatpurposedidDouglasspublishhislifestory?A.TogetthemoneytotraveltoEngland.B.Totellothershisownterribleexperience.C.Toclarifysomepeople’sdoubtabouthisstories.D.Tocontinuehisstruggleforthefreedomofslaves.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的doubt一詞以及下文的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題可知,人們對(duì)他的真實(shí)身份表示懷疑,由Toanswerthesecharges,Douglasspublishedhislifestory,NarrativeoftheLifeofFrederickDouglass,anAmericanSlave.可知,道格拉斯出版他的生平故事是為了澄清人們對(duì)他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的懷疑。故選C項(xiàng)。4.WhendidDouglassbecomeafreeman?A.BeforehewenttoEngland.B.AfterhemetNathanJohnson.C.In1847whenhereturnedfromtheUK.D.AfterLincoln’selectionaspresidentoftheUS.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第五段中的DouglassthenwenttoEngland,wherehemadeimportantfriends,whohelpedhimbuyhisfreedom.FrederickDouglassreturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1847asafreeman.可知,道格拉斯在英國(guó)結(jié)識(shí)的摯友幫助他獲得了自由,1847年,他從英國(guó)回到美國(guó)時(shí)成為一個(gè)自由人。故選C項(xiàng)。BHow’sthisforacoincidence(巧合)?CharlesDarwinandAbrahamLincolnwereborninthesameyear,onthesameday:Feb.12,1809.Althoughpeoplehardlythinkofthemtogether,wewanttosaythattheybelongtogether.It’snotjustbecausetheywerebothgreatmen,andnotbecausetheyhappenedtoliveatthesametime.Rather,it’sbecausethescientistandthepoliticianeachstartedarevolutionthatchangedtheworld.Theywerebothrevolutionariesinthesensethatbothmenchangedtherealitieswhentheywereborn.Theyseemandsoundmoderntous,becausetheworldtheyleftbehindthemismoreorlesstheonewestilllivein.So,consideringthejointgreatnessoftheircontributionsandthecoincidenceoftheirbirthdays—itishardtowonder:whowasthegreatestman?It’sanapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison.Butifyoulimitthequestiontoinfluence,veryquicklythebalancetipsinLincoln’sfavor.Asgreatashisbookonevolutionis,itdoesnoharmtorememberthatDarwinhurriedtopublishTheOriginofSpeciesbecausehethoughthewasabouttobescooped(搶先)byhisfellownaturalistAlfredRusselWallace.Lincoln,however,isunique.True,hiselectionasthepresidentdidcausetherecession(衰退)andthewar,butthatwarseemscertaintohappen—notaquestionofifbutwhen.Certainlyweknowwhathappenedafterhewasmurdered:Reconstructionwasorganizedandthenabandoned,leavingtheissueofracial(種族的)equalityunsolvedforanothercentury.SurelyweshouldnotdenyDarwin’saccomplishment.Buttheirsamebirthdaysgaveusagreatopportunitytoobservethesemenoftheirtime.【語(yǔ)篇概要】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文,對(duì)比了美國(guó)歷史上兩個(gè)特別聞名的人物,達(dá)爾文和亞布拉罕·林肯。他們廣為人知,不是因?yàn)樗麄兌继貏e巧合地誕生在同年、同月、同日,而是因?yàn)樗麄兌奸_(kāi)啟了變更世界的革命:達(dá)爾文提出了生命進(jìn)化的理論,而林肯帶領(lǐng)美國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。5.WhydoestheauthorsayCharlesDarwinandAbrahamLincolnbelongtogether?A.Theywerebornonthesameday.B.Theylivedinthesameperiodoftime.C.Theystartedrevolutionschangingtheworld.D.Theywerebothgreatmeninthehistory.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中的It’snotjustbecausetheywerebothgreatmen,andnotbecausetheyhappenedtoliveatthesametime.Rather,it’sbecausethescientistandthepoliticianeachstartedarevolutionthatchangedtheworld.可知,作者說(shuō)查爾斯·達(dá)爾文和亞伯拉罕·林肯屬于同一類人是因?yàn)樗麄冮_(kāi)啟了變更世界的革命。故選C。6.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“anapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison”?A.Itishardtotellwhichoneisgreaterastheyarebothoutstanding.B.ThecomparisonbetweenDarwinandLincolniseasyandobvious.C.ItisdifficulttocomparethemastheyareasfamousasSupermanandSanta.D.Thereisnopointcomparingthembecausetheywerebornonthesameday.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從其次段中的So,consideringthejointgreatnessoftheircontributionsandthecoincidenceoftheirbirthdays—itishardtowonder:whowasthegreatestman?It’sanapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison.(因此,考慮到他們共同的宏大貢獻(xiàn)和他們的生日巧合,我們很難去思索:誰(shuí)是最宏大的人?這是一個(gè)蘋(píng)果和橘子——或者超人和圣誕老人的比較)可知,假如單純比較他們對(duì)人類的貢獻(xiàn)與他們生日的巧合性,兩個(gè)人難分伯仲。故選A。7.Lincoln’scontributiontotheworldcanbebestdescribedas_______.

A.narrow B.aggressiveC.independent D.ground-breaking【解析】選D。推理推斷題。從其次段的Butifyoulimitthequestiontoinfluence,veryquicklythebalancetipsinLincoln’sfavor.及第三段中Lincoln,however,isunique.可知,林肯對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn)更具有開(kāi)拓性的里程碑意義。故選D。8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Lincoln’ssuccessinelectioncausedreconstruction.B.Lincolnhadtriedtosolvetheracialproblem.C.DarwinwasuniquecomparedwithLincoln.D.Darwin’stheoryissimilartoLincoln’sbelief.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。由文章倒數(shù)其次段中的Certainlyweknowwhathappenedafterhewasmurdered:Reconstructionwasorganizedandthenabandoned,leavingtheissueofracialequalityunsolvedforanothercentury.(我們當(dāng)然知道在他被謀殺后發(fā)生了什么:重建被組織起來(lái),然后又被拋棄,種族同等的問(wèn)題過(guò)了一個(gè)世紀(jì)里依舊沒(méi)有得到解決)可知,林肯曾經(jīng)試圖解決種族問(wèn)題,但并沒(méi)有達(dá)到目標(biāo)。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·濰坊高二檢測(cè))I’dalways1livingalone:thelifeofnorulesandregulationsandbeingindependent.So,Iwas2aboutthisnewstageinmylifewhenmovingintomyuniversitydormitory.

3,duringthefirstfewmonths,I’dfoundmyselfcryingeveryday.Comingfromabigfamily,Iwas4tonoisessurroundingme.Therefore,thescary5atnightwastheworst.Icouldn’teven6withoutkeepingthelightson.

Astimewentby,Istartedenjoyingthe7thatcamewithlivingalone.Thespaceoflonelinesswas8byfriendswhobecamelikefamily.

Whenitwastimetosaygoodbyeandgobackhomeaftermy9Iwasbittersweet.I’d10mytimealone,learningthingswhichwouldn’thavebeen11ifIhadnevermovedawayfromhome.

I’dlearnedalotfromthis12.Livingalonemademevalue13timeevenmore.Irealizedthateverysecondwiththem14thoughImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone.Forme,thereisnowarmthinahouse15it’sfilledwithlovingmembersandpeopleyoulove.

【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了作者曾幻想著能過(guò)獨(dú)立的生活,但是當(dāng)他因上高校離開(kāi)家而住進(jìn)宿舍時(shí)他又感到很不適應(yīng)。在高校畢業(yè)之際,他很感謝高校期間他學(xué)會(huì)了獨(dú)立生活,同時(shí)也懂得了珍惜與家人團(tuán)聚的日子。1.A.kepton B.dreamedofC.insistedon D.putoff【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。kepton接著;dreamedof幻想;insistedon堅(jiān)持;putoff推遲。從文中的I’dalways_______livingalone,thelifeofnorulesandregulationsandbeingindependent.可知,作者想要過(guò)獨(dú)立的自由自在的生活。他特別憧憬這種生活。故選B。

2.A.delighted B.worried C.serious D.cautious【解析】選A。考查形容詞辨析。delighted興奮的;worried擔(dān)憂的;serious肅穆的;cautious謹(jǐn)慎的。文章第一句提到作者憧憬獨(dú)立的生活;搬進(jìn)高校宿舍,意味著獨(dú)立生活的起先,幻想得以實(shí)現(xiàn),故作者應(yīng)當(dāng)特別快樂(lè)。故選A。3.A.Undoubtedly B.UnwillinglyC.Unconditionally D.Unexpectedly【解析】選D。考查副詞辨析。Undoubtedly的確地;Unwillingly不情愿地;Unconditionally無(wú)條件地;Unexpectedly意外地。結(jié)合下文I’dfoundmyselfcryingeveryday.可知,過(guò)上了自己憧憬的生活,應(yīng)當(dāng)是很興奮才對(duì),但出人意料的是,作者自己每天都在哭。故選D。4.A.deaf B.cruelC.accustomed D.opposed【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。deaf聾的;cruel殘酷的;accustomed習(xí)慣的;opposed反對(duì)的。從文中的Comingfromabigfamily可知,作者來(lái)自大家庭,因此已經(jīng)對(duì)噪音習(xí)以為常了,這也與下文的Therefore,thescary_______atnightwastheworst.習(xí)慣于吵吵鬧鬧,反而對(duì)夜里的寧?kù)o感到膽怯 。beaccustomedto“對(duì)……習(xí)慣,適應(yīng)”。故選C。

5.A.boredom B.silenceC.darkness D.suffering【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。boredom厭倦;silence緘默,寧?kù)o;darkness黑暗;suffering苦痛。作者起先了獨(dú)自生活,與家里之前的吵鬧不同了,晚上只有可怕的寧?kù)o。故選B。6.A.sleep B.talkC.move D.play【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。sleep睡覺(jué);talk談話;move移動(dòng);play玩耍。依據(jù)上文Thescarysilenceatnightwastheworst可知,作者并不適應(yīng)這種寧?kù)o的生活,因此晚上不開(kāi)燈睡不著。故選A。7.A.confidence B.safetyC.relief D.freedom【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。confidence自信;safety平安;relief勸慰;freedom自由。由下文的ImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone.可知,作者起先享受獨(dú)立生活帶來(lái)的自由。故選D。8.A.setaside B.takenoverC.filledup D.thrownaway【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。setaside留出;takenover接管;filledup裝滿;thrownaway扔掉。結(jié)合下文的byfriendswhobecamelikefamily可知,摯友的存在彌補(bǔ)了沒(méi)有家人在身邊的孤獨(dú),故摯友的存在填補(bǔ)孤獨(dú)的空間。故選C。9.A.recovery B.graduationC.resignation D.promotion【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。recovery復(fù)原;graduation畢業(yè);resignation辭職;promotion提升。上文介紹作者在學(xué)生期間適應(yīng)了獨(dú)立生活,而文章中提到的Whenitwastimetosaygoodbyeandgobackhome所指的是高校畢業(yè)。畢業(yè)后要離開(kāi)校內(nèi)回到家中,此時(shí)作者感到五味雜陳。故選B。10.A.hated B.desiredC.regretted D.enjoyed【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。hated憎恨;desired渴望;regretted懊悔;enjoyed觀賞。由上文的Astimewentby,Istartedenjoyingthe_______thatcamewithlivingalone可知,作者享受獨(dú)處的時(shí)間。故選D。

11.A.useful B.possibleC.reliable D.worthwhile【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。useful有用的;possible可能的;reliable牢靠的;worthwhile值得的。結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境,假如作者始終在家,而不是在學(xué)校的話,有一些事情可能就學(xué)不到了,例如,作者在校內(nèi)所享受的獨(dú)立的生活。故選B。12.A.adventure B.arrangementC.experience D.challenge【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。adventure冒險(xiǎn);arrangement支配;experience經(jīng)驗(yàn);challenge挑戰(zhàn)。對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō),在高校期間的獨(dú)立生活是他人生的一段經(jīng)驗(yàn),故選C。13.A.family B.studyC.work D.growth【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。family家人;study學(xué)習(xí);work工作;growth生長(zhǎng)。依據(jù)下文Irealizedthateverysecondwiththem_______thoughImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone可知,經(jīng)過(guò)高校的獨(dú)立生活,作者比以前更加珍惜與家人相處的時(shí)間。故選A。

14.A.flew B.countedC.stayed D.repeated【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。flew翱翔;counted重要,認(rèn)為;stayed停留;repeated重復(fù)。作者意識(shí)到,盡管作者可能無(wú)法獲得獨(dú)立生活時(shí)的自由,但和家人相處的每一秒都很重要,這使作者更加珍惜與家人在一起的生活,故選B。15.A.when B.onceC.unless D.though【解析】選C?？疾檫B詞辨析。when當(dāng)……時(shí);once一旦;unless除非;though雖然。對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō),假如沒(méi)有自己所愛(ài)的家人,這個(gè)家就沒(méi)有暖和,此處為條