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職稱英語綜合類B級模擬8
第1部分:詞匯選項
下面共有15個句子,每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線。請從每個句子后面
所給的4個選項中,選擇1個與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。
We111visitEuropenextyearprovidedwehaveenoughmoney.
A.lestB.until
C.unlessD.if
2、Lastyear,thecrimerateinChicagohassharplydeclined.
A.ascendedB.lessened
C.descendedD.slipped
3、Agentlebreezeappearedjustwhentheheatofthesunbecameunbearable.
A.cametoB.camethrough
C.cameroundD.cameup
4、ThefamousbankerhasconsiderableinfluencewiththePresidentoftheUnited
States.
A.verylargeB.considerate
C.consideringD.considered
5、Astheoldgentlemanwalkedalongtheavenue,allthechildrensalutedhim.
A.greetedB.tricked
C.calledD.followed
6、Thenthespeakertalkedaboutthevariousfactorsleadingtothepresenteconomic
crisis.
A.wentafterB,wentfor
C.wentintoD.wenton
7>Whenfourbanksfailedinoneday,therewasa(n)panicamongbusinessmen.
A.commotionB.excitement
C.scareD.depression
8、Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekeptheroccupiedforawholeweek.
A.constrainedB.dominated
C.restrictedD.busy
9、Theproudyoungmanvalueshimselfonhisabilityinhandlingdifficultissues.
A.pridesB.purchased
C.meritedD.defected
10>Aftermakingobservationsforaweekintheplant,theindustrialengineer
madeanumberofveryconstructivesuggestionsinanoralreporttothemanager.
A.carefulB.cautious
C.deservedD.helpful
11>Shewassoabsorbedinherjobthatshedidn11hearanybodyknockingatthe
door.
A.attractedB.interested
C.drawnD.concentrated
12、Movingpicturespresentspectacularsceneslikebattles,processions,storms
orraces.
A.delightfulB.splendid
C.appreciableD.promising
13>Hisholdingsincludeahouse,acar,stockszbondsandjewelry.
A.meansB.land
C.possessionsD.funds
14、UsuallythereisasubstantialincreaseintheamountofmailduringtheChristmas
season.
A.subsequentB.subtle
C.largeD.superficial
15>Youalwaysfollowyourowninclinationsinsteadofthinkingofourfeelings.
A.conductsB.profits
C.occupationsD.dispositions
第2部分:閱讀判斷
閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后列出7個句子,請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷。
Whydopeoplebecometoofat
Itisindeedunfortunatethatinourmoderneraoftechnologicandscientific
achievement,thereisnoadequateexplanationforaseeminglysimplequestion:
"whydopeoplebecometoofatandwhatcanbedonetopreventit?nabout50
millionmenand60millionwomenbetweentheagesof18and79are"toofat"
andneedtoreduceexcessweight.Thisamounttoabout377millionkgofexcess
fatformenand667millionkgforwomen,oratotaloft044millionkg(2297
millionlb)fortheUnitedStatesadultpopulation!Iftheoverfatmenand
womendietedbyconsuming600fewercalorieseachdaytoreducetoannormal*'
valueofbodyfat(achievablein68daysformenand101daysforwomen),
thereducedcaloricintakewouldequal5.7trillingcalories.Translating
thisintofossilfuelenergyandconsideringsuchfactorsastheenergyrequired
toplant,cultivate,harvest,feed,process,transport,wholesale,retailz
acquirezstoreandcookthefood,theannualenergysavingswouldbeequal
tothatrequiredtosupplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBoston,Chicago,
sanFranciscoandWashingtonDC,or13billiongallonsofgasolinetofuel
900,000autosperyear.Untilrecently,themajorcauseofobesitywasbelieved
tobeovereating.However,ifgluttony(貪食)andoverindulgenceweretheonly
factorsassociatedwithanincreaseinbodyfat,theeasiestwaytopermanently
reducewouldsurelytobecutbackonfood.Ofcourse,ifitwerethatsimple,
obesitywouldsoonbeeliminatedasamajorhealthproblem.Thereareobviously
otherfactorsoperativesuchasgenetic,environmental,andsocialinfluences.
However,thesecausesprobablyoverlap.Itseemsfairlycertainthatthe
treatmentproceduresdevisedsofar,whethertheybediets,surgery,drugsz
psychologicmethods,orexercisezeitheraloneorincombination,havenot
beenparticularlysuccessfulinsolvingtheproblemonalong-termbasis.
Thereisnonetheless,optimismthatasresearcherscontinuetoinvestigate
themanyfacetsof.obesity,aswellastotestandquantifyvarioustreatment
modes,significantprogresscanbemadetoconquerthismajorhealthproblem.
16>Thepercentageoftheexcessfatforwomenofthetotalamountofexcess
fatisroughly50%.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17、Lessthan5.7trillioncalorieswouldequaltheenergyrequiredannually
tosupplytheresidentialelectricdemandsofBoston,Chicago,SanFrancisco,
andWashingtonDC.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18>Indulgenceindrinking,thegenetic,environmental,socialfactorsand
overeatingshouldbeconsideredinevaluatingthecauseofanoverfatperson.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19>Domorephysicalexerciseswillhelppersonstobuildourbodies.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20、Thewriterfinallysaysthereisoptimismforthetreatmentofobesity,
becausesignificantprogresswillbemadetoconquerthismajorhealthproblem
throughtheresearchers*efforts.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21>Peoplefailtosolvetheimportantproblemofobesityandweightcontrol
inourmodernera.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22>Onlyyoungpersonsfacesuchaproblemthattheyaretoofat.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
第3部分:概括大意與完成句子
閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后有2項測試任務:(1)第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中
為規(guī)定段每段選擇1個正確的小標題;⑵第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正
確選項,分別完成每個句子。
ComputerSecurity
1.Asthebusinesssector,andindeedallofoursociety,becomesmore
dependentoncomputers,concernaboutcomputersecuritygrows.Accordingto
BusinessWeek,roughly$1trillionistransferredeverydayviacomputer
networks.Yetaknowledgeablepersoncan,withrelativeease,accessacomputer
systemandcauseseriousdamage.Estimatesoftheannualcostofcomputer
crimerangefrom$Ibillionto$2billion.
2.Oneofthemostrecentcomputerproblemsfirmsfaceiscalleda"computer
virusH.Avirusisatypeofcomputerprogramthatisintentionallyhidden
inothercomputerprograms.Whenaprogramwithaviruscomesintocontact
withotherprogramszthevirusattackstheotherprograms.Somevirusescan
destroyeverybitofinformationinacomputer.Businessesalsofacttheproblem
oflosinghighlyconfidentialdatatocomputerhackers.Theseindividuals
breakintocomputersystemsandstealinformationordamageprograms.
3.Computervirusesandcomputerhackerspresentahugepotentialrisk
tofirms.Theyhaveshutdownentirecomputersystemsinsomelargecompanies.
4.Fortunately,businessfirmscannowobtaininsurancecoverageforlosses
fromcomputercrime.Althoughsomepoliciesspecificallycovercomputerviruses,
manyothersweredraftedbeforecomputervirusesbecameaproblem.These
policiesgenerallyinsureallrisksofdirectphysicallossordamage,unless
somethingisspecificallyexcluded.Theissuethenbecomeswhetherornot
thedamagecausedbyacomputervirusisaphysicalloss.Insomecases,insurance
companieshavemaintainedthatinformationlostonacomputerisnotphysical
propertyandthusisnotcoveredbyatraditionalall-riskpolicy.
5.Manyinsurancecompaniesarebeginningtousepolicylanguagethatdeals
specificallywiththelossofcomputerinformation.Inthisway,theinsured
understandswhatiscovered,andtheinsurancecompanycanavoidalarge,
unexpectedloss.Courtshaveheldthatinformationstoredonthecomputer
istangible(切實的)propertyintaxcases.Inpropertyinsurancecases,they
mayhandlethedestructionofcomputerinformationthesameway.Destruction
ofvaluableinformation,therefore,couldresultinacatastrophiclossthat
iscoveredunderanall-riskpolicyunlessthereislimitinglanguage.
A.Fatalnessfromvirusesandhackers
B.Twoprimarydangerousfactors:virusandhacker
C.Howthevirusesandhackersdestroyourcomputersthelossofcomputer
information
D.Attitudestowards
E.Thebestwaytoprotectourcomputers
F.Thepoliciesabouttheviruses
23>Paragraph2.
24、Paragraph3.
25、Paragraph4.
26>Paragraph5.
27、A.virusesandhackers
B.tangibleproperty
C.worthdoing
D.attacksotherprograms
E.exceptinformationlost
F.allthecrimes
Fromthispassage,weknowthatthemostimportantfactorsincomputersecurity
are.
28>Avirusissuchaprogramthatitishiddeninotherprogramsand.
29、Insomecases,insurancecompanieswillcompensatethecustomersallthe
losses.
30、Nowcourtsthinkinformationstoredinthecomputerisalso.
第4部分:閱讀理解
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題,每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文,并
根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題,從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。
第一篇
Thinkingfromateacher
Asthefallsemesterended,mystudentshadachancetoturntotables
ontheirteacher.Theygottogrademeanonymously,assessingtheclarity
ofmythinking,myorganizationalskillsandthedepthofmyknowledge.At
theirbestzsuchevaluationskeepmealerttowhatworksandwhatdoesnot.
Studentsreflectmyperformancebacktome,andIamgladtolearnwhatthey
thinkofmyteaching,sothatImighttrytoimprove.
Iamalsoawarethatthestudents*commentsbecometheprimaryevidence
ofmyabilitieszapapertrailfollowingmethroughoutmycareer.WhenIcome
upforreview,thepromotioncommitteewillexaminemyevaluationstodetermine
justwhatkindofteacherIam.
Thereis,ofcourseznothingwrongwithaccountability.Butthissystem
assumesthatwhatstudentsneedisthesameaswhattheywant.Readingmy
evaluationseverysemesterhastaughtmeotherwise.Manystudents*expectations
fortheircourseshavechanged,reflecting,inpartzthebusinessmodelmore
universitiesarefollowing.Classesareconsideredserviceszandparentsare
eagertogettheirmoney*sworthfromtheirchildren*seducation.Students
feelpressurefromtheirparentstoderivepracticalusefromtheircourses.
Thiscouldmakesenseforanengineeringcourse,butinmyfield,creative
writing,whichrarelychurnsoutpolished21-year-oldwriters,itistrickier
toprovidetheresultsthatthecareer-mindedstudentcraves.ThenIstumbled
uponsomedubiousteachingtechniqueszreversedthecriticismsofthese
chronicallyunhappystudentsandimprovedmystudentevaluationsforthe
semester.Myrecordwouldreflectasmart,attentivezencouragingteacher.
ButIwouldarguethatItaughtthesestudentslittle.Theylovedmebecause
Iagreedthatwritingshouldbeeasy.
Iknowotherteacherswhohavedonethesamething:teachyourheartout
totheteachablebutbesuretopleasetheunteachable,tokeepyourratings
highlikeapoliticiantryingtoimprovehispollresults.
Ibelieveinthestruggle,andmoststudentsIhavemetdotoo.ButIstill
can*thelpwincingwhenIread,HTheinstructorismean.n"Marcusisnotcommitted
tomywork.n"Thisclasssucks.11Thebusinessmodelhastaughtmethatthe
customerisalwaysright.Butmaybeafewmoredissatisfiedcustomerwould
meanabetterlearningexperience.
31>Whatdoesthephrasenturnthetablesontheirteachers11inPara.1mean?
A.Studentsturnthetablestotheirteachers.
B.Studentspraisetheirteachers.
C.Studentsevaluatetheirteachers.
D.Studentscriticizetheirteachers.
32、Whyhasthestudents*expectationoftheircourseschanged?
A.Becausethebusinessmodelhaschanged.
B.Becausetheywanttoimprovetheirotherabilities.
C.Becausetheyfeelgreatpressurefromthesociety.
D.Becausetheyhavetosatisfytheirparents,
33、Whydoestheauthorsay"classesareconsideredservice"?
A.Becauseeducationiscommercialactivity.
B.Becausetheparentsareanxioustoseetheirfeedbackofinvestment
ontheirchildren.
C.Becausethestudentsaretheschool1sGodandtheteachersmustserve
thestudents.
D.Becausetherelationshipbetweentheteacherandthestudentsisthe
businessmanandthecustomer.
34、Whatkindofteachingmethoddoestheauthoruseinhiswritingclass?
A.Dubiousteachingmethod.
B.Encouragingthepoorstudents.
C.Praisingtheexcellentstudents.
D.Improvingtheevaluationforthestudents.
35、Whatwasachievedattheendofthewritingclass?
A.Thestudentsalllearnedalot.
B.Thestudentslikedhisclassverymuch.
C.Thewritingclassbecameaneasycourseforthestudents.
D.Thestudentssangtheteacher1spraises.
弟—^扁
Deathpenalty
Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostcontroversial
issueacrosstheunitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethat
itisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersmaintainthereisno
convincingevidencethatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.
Theprincipalargumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenalty,
basically,isthatitiscruelandinhumanpunishment,thatitisthemark
ofabrutalsociety,andfinallythatitisofquestionableeffectiveness
asadeterrenttocrimeanyway.
Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryevil.Throughoutrecorded
historytherehavealwaysbeenthoseextremeindividualsineverysociety
whowerecapableofterriblyviolentcrimessuchasmurder.Butsomearemore
extremethanothers.
Forexample,itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherinafitofblind
rage,butquiteanothertocoldlyplotandcarryoutthemurderofanother
oneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder,likeallother
crimeszisamatterofrelativedegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsome
convictionthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelyisolated
fromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.
Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodebate.
ButtheoverwheImingmajorityofcitizensbelievethatthedeathpenalty
protectsthem.Theirbeliefisreinforcedbyevidencewhichshowsthatthe
deathpenaltydetersmurder.Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeath
penaltywasconsistentlyimposedinCalifornia,themurderrateremainedbetween
threeandfourmurdersforeach100z000population,Since1964thedeathpenalty
hasbeenimposedonlyonce,andthemurderratehasrisento10.4murders
1
foreach100z000population.Thesharpclimbinthestatesmurderrate,which
beganwhenexecutionsstopped,isnocoincidence.Itisconvincingevidence
thatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.Ifthebillreestablishing
thedeathpenaltyisvetoed,innocentpeoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselives
mayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisliterally
alifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofinnocentpeoplemustbe
protected.
36、Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.
A.criticizethegovernmentforitsincompetence
B.explainthedifferencesbetweentwotypesofmurders
C.argueforthevalueofthedeathpenalty
D.initiateavetooverthebillreestablishingthedeathpenalty
37、Thepassageattemptstoestablisharelationshipbetween.
A.theimportanceofequalrightsandthatofthedeathpenalty
B.executionsandhumanrights
C.theeffectsofexecutionandtheeffectsofisolation
D.themurderrateandtheimportanceofthedeathpenalty
38、Theauthor1sresponsetothosewhourgethedeathpenaltyforalldegrees
ofmurderwouldmostlikelybe_______.
A.hostileB.friendly
C.negativeD.supportive
39、Inthepassagetheauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith.
A.supportingapositionB.describinganevent
C.analyzingaproblemobjectivelyD.settlingadispute
40、Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksthat.
A.thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimeisnottobe
debated
B.thedeathpenaltyisthemostcontroversialissueintheUnitedStates
today
C.thevetoofthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisoflittle
importance
D.thesecondtypeofmurderersmentionedinParagraph4shouldbesentenced
todeath
如第—二^篇植
Youngpeopleandtheirparents
Itisnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheir,parentsattimes
andtoblamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetweenthem.Theyhave
alwayscomplained,moreorlessjustly,thattheirparentsareoutoftouch
withmodernways;thattheyarepossessiveanddominant;thattheydonot
trusttheirchildrentodealwithcrisis;thattheytalktoomuchaboutcertain
problems—andthattheyhavenosenseofhumorzatleastinparent-child
relationships.
Ithinkitistruethatparentsoftenunderestimatetheirteenagechildren
andalsoforgethowtheythemselvesfeltwhenyoung.
Youngpeopleoftenirritatetheirparentswiththeirchoicesinclothes
andhairstyleszinentertainersandmusic.Thisisnottheirmotive.They
feelcutofffromtheadultworldintowhichtheyhavenotyetbeenaccepted.
Sotheycreateacultureandsocietyoftheirown.Then,itturnsoutthat
theirmusicorentertainersorvocabularyorclothesorhairstylesirritate
theirparents.Thisgivesthemadditionalenjoyment.Theyfeeltheyaresuperior,
atleastinsmallway,andthattheyareleadersinstyleandtaste.
Sometimesyouareresistant,andproudbecauseyoudonotwantyourparents
toapproveofwhatyoudo.Iftheydidapprove,itlooksasifyouarebetraying
yourownagegroup.Butinthatcase,youareassumingthatyouareunderdog:
youcan*twinbutatleastyoucankeepyourhonor.Thisisapassiveway
oflookingatthings.Itisnaturalenoughafterlongyearsofchildhood,
whenyouwerecompletelyunderyourparents1control.Butitignoresthefact
thatyouarenowbeginningtoberesponsibleforyourself.
Ifyouplantocontrolyourlife,co-operationcanbepartofthatplan.
Youcancharmothers,especiallyyourparentszintodoingthingsthewayyou
want.Youcanimpressotherswithyoursenseofresponsibilityandinitiative,
sothattheywillgiveyoutheauthoritytodowhatyouwanttodo.
41>Theauthorisprimarilyaddressing.
A.parentsofteenagersB.newspaperreaders
C.thosewhogiveadvicetoteenagersD.teenagers
42、Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.
A.theteenagers1criticismoftheirparents
B.misunderstandingsbetweenteenagersandtheirparents
C.thedominanceoftheparentsovertheirchildren
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