新高考英語(yǔ)三輪沖刺查缺補(bǔ)漏專題02 閱讀理解七選五解析

專題02閱讀理解七選五目錄01挑戰(zhàn)真題·查知識(shí)漏洞02回顧教材·補(bǔ)知識(shí)漏洞回顧知識(shí)體系回顧核心考點(diǎn)易混易錯(cuò)歸納03知識(shí)通關(guān)演練【2023年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.___16___You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.___17___·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.___20___Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。文章介紹了了一些開始藝術(shù)之旅的好建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.(從小開始。我建議使用一個(gè)素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐。這些小的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐可以提供靈感，并成為未來(lái)更復(fù)雜的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.(你會(huì)想要回顧一下自己的藝術(shù)之旅，看看自己已經(jīng)取得多少進(jìn)步)”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個(gè)過渡句，從給出建議使用一個(gè)素描本進(jìn)行小規(guī)模的學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐，到回顧自己的藝術(shù)之旅，所以C項(xiàng)“Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.(不要扔掉你的初學(xué)時(shí)的藝術(shù)作品)”符合文意，和后文形成順承關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】分析設(shè)空處，位于段尾，是對(duì)本段總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.(經(jīng)常作畫，且從生活中作畫。沒有什么比不斷練習(xí)更能提高你的藝術(shù)水平了。無(wú)論你是繪制靜物、肖像還是風(fēng)景，都要盡可能地從真實(shí)生活中去觀察和繪制)”可知，本段主要講述不斷練習(xí)繪畫，所以G項(xiàng)“You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.(你會(huì)逐漸形成只有通過反復(fù)練習(xí)才能獲得的繪畫肌肉記憶)”是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對(duì)前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時(shí)引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.(不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，嘗試新事物)”以及后文“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.(藝術(shù)的成長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)痛苦)”可知，A項(xiàng)“Getoutofyourcomfortzone.(走出你的舒適區(qū))”是對(duì)前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析設(shè)空處，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.(尋求并接受有建設(shè)性的反饋對(duì)于你的成長(zhǎng)非常重要。我在社交媒體上發(fā)布我的作品，并因此結(jié)識(shí)了一些最友好的人。無(wú)論我的藝術(shù)水平如何，他們都讓我感到受到了重視和尊重)”可知，本段主要講述了是分享自己的作品，所以D項(xiàng)“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(如果你感覺舒適的話，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】分析設(shè)空處，空處位于第二句，此處應(yīng)是對(duì)前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋，并同時(shí)引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.(你的旅程不會(huì)是一條筆直的道路)”以及后文“Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.(堅(jiān)持下去，給它時(shí)間，付出努力。你將收獲藝術(shù)生活的回報(bào))”可知，E項(xiàng)“You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.(你會(huì)遇到障礙，有時(shí)你會(huì)感到氣餒)”是對(duì)前句的進(jìn)一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)。Passage2【2023年全國(guó)乙卷】Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來(lái)的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來(lái)促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成notonly…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它們不僅看起來(lái)很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國(guó)戶外生長(zhǎng)，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長(zhǎng)，即適合在溫暖的地方生長(zhǎng)。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它們?cè)跍嘏氖覂?nèi)生長(zhǎng)得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個(gè)月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對(duì)人有好處。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來(lái)凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時(shí)照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時(shí)引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來(lái)新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G?；仡欀R(shí)體系回顧核心考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一段首：標(biāo)題、第一段、小標(biāo)題和每段第一句話。做七選五時(shí)，需通讀全文，全面洞悉其整體架構(gòu)。隨后，要厘清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)與主旨內(nèi)容。要厘清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)與主旨內(nèi)容，需著重關(guān)注標(biāo)題；其次要關(guān)注第一段；如果有小標(biāo)題，還要關(guān)注小標(biāo)題的核心詞，它們就像是各個(gè)區(qū)域的鮮明標(biāo)識(shí)；最后，要關(guān)注每段的第一句話，提煉出關(guān)鍵詞，就找到了理解的路徑。經(jīng)由這些關(guān)注，我們方能更為精準(zhǔn)地把握文章的脈絡(luò)，從而提升解題的準(zhǔn)確率?？键c(diǎn)二段中：抓住關(guān)鍵詞（塊），梳理句子和語(yǔ)段的邏輯關(guān)系:詞匯層面，邏輯層面。因果關(guān)系：找出原因和結(jié)果。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：注意前后的變化。并列關(guān)系：看看哪些是并列的內(nèi)容。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：發(fā)現(xiàn)層次上的推進(jìn)。例證關(guān)系：用具體的例子來(lái)論證或說明某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論。詞匯層面：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞、反義詞指示代詞（this,that,these,those,it）如何找邏輯關(guān)系？1)標(biāo)注關(guān)鍵詞：把表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞圈出來(lái)。2)理清段落結(jié)構(gòu)：看段落是如何展開的。3)前后對(duì)比：比較前后句子的意思變化。4)抓主題句：主題句往往能體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系。邏輯層面關(guān)鍵詞：“顯性”詞塊易找，“隱性”邏輯難尋。例證：forexample并列：also，too，then，and，aswellas，notonly...butalso...，first，second，firstly...因果：for，because，becauseof，since，as，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，asaresult，consequently，so...轉(zhuǎn)折：however，still，though，yet，inspiteof，onthecontrary、incontrast...遞進(jìn)：further，furthermore，moreover，what’smore，besides，inaddition...考點(diǎn)三全文：復(fù)盤全篇，核實(shí)所填空與原文的一致性做題后，復(fù)盤注意選項(xiàng)與原文話題是否一致，代詞指示是否前后一致？邏輯是否一致？句式是否一致？話題一致：先整體理解文章的主題，然后根據(jù)每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的話題與文章主題是否相符來(lái)進(jìn)行選擇。代詞指示一致：注意選項(xiàng)中代詞所指代的內(nèi)容是否與文章前后一致。邏輯一致：分析選項(xiàng)與前后文在邏輯上是否連貫，比如因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等。句式一致：有時(shí)候句式一致能讓文章更通順，也可以作為選擇的一個(gè)依據(jù)。易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)歸納易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1忽視詞匯和關(guān)鍵信息銜接導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)誤(1)忽視詞匯線索——代詞典例分析Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago...Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.2Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(遷移)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.【錯(cuò)因分析】考生容易因忽視代詞線索或者沒有分析清楚代詞所指代的對(duì)象而誤選其他答案。【試題解析】文章的第一段說英國(guó)是第一個(gè)城市化的國(guó)家，第二段接著說英國(guó)僅僅是個(gè)開始，不久許多別的工業(yè)國(guó)家也成為城市化的社會(huì)，這里manyother這個(gè)不定代詞與前面的Britain呼應(yīng)，因此D項(xiàng)為正確答案?！菊_答案】D(2)忽視詞匯線索——同義詞/近義詞典例分析Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.3Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.【錯(cuò)因分析】有些學(xué)生容易忽視詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)而誤選其他答案【試題解析】空格前面的一句話提到了planning，direction和control，同時(shí)根據(jù)空格后面的One的提示，可知這里G中的planning與前面提到的planning是同一詞?！菊_答案】G易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2語(yǔ)意理解錯(cuò)誤典例分析Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources…Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.____2____Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehavior＂contributesto＂oris＂associatedwith＂anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult…Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements…Evaluate＂scientific＂statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖騙術(shù)).G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.【錯(cuò)因分析】學(xué)生容易因?qū)φZ(yǔ)意理解有誤而誤選其他答案?！驹囶}解析】這個(gè)選項(xiàng)是一個(gè)段落的結(jié)尾句，這種選項(xiàng)通常起著總結(jié)上文，提示下文的功能。根據(jù)文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建議，因此本空引出了下文的多個(gè)建議，故選擇G項(xiàng)?！菊_答案】G易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)銜接理解錯(cuò)誤典例分析4Aspartofahealthydiet,eatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.Vitamins(維生素)CandEhelpprotecteyesightandpromoteeyehealth.A.Eatyourgreens.【錯(cuò)因分析】本題學(xué)生容易誤認(rèn)為所填句子與文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)無(wú)關(guān)而誤選其他答案?！驹囶}解析】這是一道小標(biāo)題的試題，位于整個(gè)段落的最前面，這樣的選項(xiàng)，往往是對(duì)下面整個(gè)段落內(nèi)容的概括和總結(jié)，反映整個(gè)段落的主旨和大意。這種試題往往需要從下面的整段中搜索核心詞匯，找出做題的線索?？瞻滋幒笪牡膬?nèi)容是：作為健康飲食的一部分，每天要吃更多的水果和蔬菜。維生素C和E幫助保護(hù)視力，促進(jìn)眼睛健康。這里根據(jù)下文的核心詞匯fruitsandvegetables，Vitamins可知，A項(xiàng)”Eatyourgreens.(吃點(diǎn)綠色蔬菜)”能夠概括本段大意。故選A項(xiàng)。Passage1(2024年浙江省寧波市高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷)Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope，expertssay.It'sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.（1）______Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.AsHellman，anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatSuffolkUniversityinBoston，pointsout，"Hopebegetshope，andithassuchasignificantprotectivefactor."

（2）______Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat'smeaningful，Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords，itshouldn'tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo."Goalscanbeanythingthat'simportanttous，"hesays.

Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou'vesetagoalthat'smeaningfultoyou，butyoucan'tfigureoutawaytoachieveit，you'llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope，meanwhile，tendtogeneratelotsofways.（3）______Ifyou'restrugglingtomakeaplan，Hellmansuggestssittingdownwithapenandpaperandgivingyourselfanhourtobrainstormsolutions.

Seekoutsuccessstories.It'ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays，"（4）______"

Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas"theinstrumentofhope".Let'ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit."Howdoesitimpactyou，orhowwoulditbenefitothers？"hesays."（5）______Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture，thatistheveryessenceofhope."

A.Dosomethingmeaningful.

B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.

C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.

D.Withthesegoodexamples，peopleareboundtobesuccessful.

E.So，ifonedoesn'tworkout，theyhaveanalternativeattheready.

F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed，theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.

G.YouandIhavethiswonderfulcapacitytoplayamovieinourhead.【答案】B、C、E、F、G【解析】（1）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下一句Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.（這里有一些有助于培養(yǎng)希望的策略。）可知此處說的是培養(yǎng)希望。所以"B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.它可以被教導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

（2）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下一句Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat'smeaningful，Hellmanadvises.（赫爾曼建議，一定要始終朝著至少一個(gè)有意義的目標(biāo)努力。）可知此處說的是朝著目標(biāo)努力。所以"C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.以目標(biāo)為導(dǎo)向的方式思考。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

（3）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上一句Peoplewhoarehighinhope，meanwhile，tendtogeneratelotsofways.（與此同時(shí)，滿懷希望的人往往會(huì)想出很多辦法。）可知此處說的是滿懷希望的人往往會(huì)想出很多其它辦法。所以"E.So，ifonedoesn'tworkout，theyhaveanalternativeattheready.所以，如果一個(gè)不成功，他們有另一個(gè)選擇。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

（4）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題Seekoutsuccessstories.（尋找成功的故事。）可知此處說的是尋找成功的故事來(lái)激勵(lì)自己。所以"F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed，theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.看到別人成功，他們覺得自己也能成功。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

（5）語(yǔ)境銜接題。根據(jù)上一句Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit."Howdoesitimpactyou，orhowwoulditbenefitothers？"hesays."（花幾分鐘思考或談?wù)撘幌氯绻銓?shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。"它如何影響你，或者它將如何使他人受益？"他說。）以及下一句Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture，thatistheveryessenceofhope.（當(dāng)你能看到未來(lái)的自己時(shí)，那就是希望的本質(zhì)）可知此處說的是想象一下制定目標(biāo)以后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情。所以"G.YouandIhavethiswonderfulcapacitytoplayamovieinourhead.你和我都有一種神奇的能力，可以在我們的腦海里播放一部電影。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一些有助于培養(yǎng)希望的策略。Passage2(2024年黑龍江省大慶市高考英語(yǔ)三模)Maybesomeoneyou'vebeenfriendswithforyearsiskickingupsomeconflict.Or，apersonyou'vereallytrustedseemsalittledisappointing.However，weneedtogivepeoplespacetochange，growandreadjusttheirownthinking.Learningtogetthe"good"outofpeopleusuallyworks.（1）______

Peopleunavoidablyhavesometypesofflaws（缺陷）.Forinstance，peoplemaykeepimportanttruths，buttherealtruthmightbethattheyhavetroubletrustingothers.（2）______Theyareconstantlyrockingyourboatandoccupyingyourpersonaltime.

Sam，anemployeeassistanceprogramcounselorsays，"Peoplewecareaboutcandriveusmad."Heinsiststhatit'seasiertomanagearelationshipbysettingboundariesandlearningtodrawthegoodoutofpeople."Dealwiththeirflawsandacceptthemifpossible"headvises.

（3）______Samemphasizes，"Usually，wecanchangesomethingaboutourownmethodsofdealingwithaperson.Itdoesn'thavetoend."Remember，too，thatifsomeonehidesimportantinformationortellsstraightlies，thisisnotacceptable.（4）______

Tohandletheflaws，alwaysfocusonthestrengthsofpeopleinyourcircle.Onefriendmightbeagreatbabysitterforyourkidswhileanotherhelpsyoufindgoodvacationdeals.Whileyoudon'twantto"use"anyone，youdowanttocountonhimforyourownneeds.（5）______Weallneedavarietyofpeople.Besides，lifeismuchmoreinterestingifwehavealittlebitofdramagoingon.

A.Noonecanfunctionallbyhimself.

B.Endingarelationshipisseldomagoodidea.

C.Forgivingothersisalwaysagoodqualitytomaintainfriendship.

D.Also，somepeoplemayasktoomuchofyou.

E.Butyoucandistanceyourselfandwaittoseeifsomeonechanges.

F.Sometimesflawsmaybecomeadvantagesundercertaincircumstances.

G.Todothis，focusontheirstrengthsandhowthosebenefityourownlife.【答案】G、D、B、E、A【解析】（1）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)前文Learningtogetthe"good"outofpeopleusuallyworks.（學(xué)會(huì)從人們身上得到"好處"通常是有效的。）可知，前文提到關(guān)注別人的優(yōu)勢(shì)。G.Todothis，focusontheirstrengthsandhowthosebenefityourownlife."要做到這一點(diǎn)，就要關(guān)注他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及這些優(yōu)勢(shì)對(duì)你自己的生活有何益處。"中this指代前句中的優(yōu)勢(shì)，符合文意。故選G。

（2）聯(lián)系下文題。后文提到Theyareconstantlyrockingyourboatandoccupyingyourpersonaltime.（他們不斷地?fù)u著你的船，占用你的私人時(shí)間。），they指代設(shè)空處提到的內(nèi)容，D.Also，somepeoplemayasktoomuchofyou."此外，有些人可能對(duì)你要求過高。"中somepeople即為they的指代對(duì)象，符合文意。故選D。

（3）聯(lián)系下文題。后文Samemphasizes，"Usually，wecanchangesomethingaboutourownmethodsofdealingwithaperson.（Sam強(qiáng)調(diào)，"通常情況下，我們可以改變自己與人打交道的方式。）可知，改變與人交往的方式，而不是拒絕交往。B.Endingarelationshipisseldomagoodidea."結(jié)束一段關(guān)系幾乎不是個(gè)好主意。"符合文意。故選B。

（4）聯(lián)系上文題。前文提到Remember，too，thatifsomeonehidesimportantinformationortellsstraightlies，thisisnotacceptable（還要記住，如果有人隱瞞重要信息或告訴直接的謊言，這是不可接受的。），E.Butyoucandistanceyourselfandwaittoseeifsomeonechanges."但你可以保持距離，等著看是否有人改變。"提到?jīng)]有辦法接受這種人，那就可以與其保持距離，符合文意。故選E。

（5）聯(lián)系下文題。后文提到Weallneedavarietyofpeople.（我們都需要各種各樣的人。），我們需要與人交往，需要朋友。A.Noonecanfunctionallbyhimself."沒有人能完全靠自己工作。"符合文意。故選A。

本文介紹了我們需要給人們改變、成長(zhǎng)和重新調(diào)整自己思維的空間。學(xué)會(huì)從人們身上得到"好處"。Passage3

(2024年廣東省汕頭市南澳中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷)Yourhomeworkhabitsmightbeaffectingyourgrades．(11)However，youcanchangethewayyoufeelbytakingbettercareofyourmindandyourbody．

Useaplanner．

Doyouknowthatpoororganizationskillscanreduceyourfinalscoresbyawholelettergrade？(12)Whocanaffordtoscoreabigfat"0"onapaper，justbecausewegetlazyanddon'tpayattentiontotheduedate？Nobodywantstogetan"F"becauseofforgetfulness．

Communicatewithparents．

Itsoundssimpleenough，butstudentsdon'talwaysrealizehowmuchparentscanstressoutaboutthis．(13)Wheneverparentsseeasmallsignofpotentialfailure，theymaybeafraidofitspotentialtobecomeabigfailure．

(14)

Studiesshowthatteens'naturalsleeppatternsaredifferentfromthoseofadults．Thisoftencausesthemtohavetroublegoingtosleepatnight，andhavetroublewakingupinthemornings．Youcanavoidsomeoftheproblemsbychangingsomeofyournighttimehabits．

Improveyourmemory．

Agreatwaytoimprovehomeworkhabitsistoimproveyourmemorywithbrainexercise．(15)AncientaccountsshowthatearlyGreekoratorsusedthe"loci"methodofrememberinglongspeeches．Youmaybeabletousethismethodtoenhanceyourmemoryattesttime．

A．Getthesleepthatyouneed．

B．Parentsareconcernedaboutyoursuccess．

C．Neversleeplaterthanyourparentsatnight．

D．Therearemanyideasaboutimprovingmemories．

E．Youmayfeelboredwhenitcomestohomeworktime．

F．Studentsoftendotheirhomeworklateatnighteveryday．

G．That'swhyyoushouldlearnhowtouseadayplannertherightway．【答案】E、G、B、A、D【解析】EGBAD

1．E．文章銜接題．根據(jù)后文However，youcanchangethewayyoufeelbytakingbettercareofyourmindandyourbody．可知但是，你可以通過更好地照顧你的思想和身體來(lái)改變你的感覺．E項(xiàng)：Youmayfeelboredwhenitcomestohomeworktime．符合文意，故選E．

2．G．語(yǔ)境辨析題．根據(jù)前文Doyouknowthatpoororganizationskillscanreduceyourfinalscoresbyawholelettergrade？可知你知道組織能力差會(huì)使你的期末成績(jī)降低一個(gè)字母級(jí)別嗎？G項(xiàng)：That'swhyyoushouldlearnhowtouseadayplannertherightway．這就是為什么你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何正確使用一個(gè)計(jì)日器．符合文意，故選G．

3．B．聯(lián)系下文題．根據(jù)后文Wheneverparentsseeasmallsignofpotentialfailure，theymaybeafraidofitspotentialtobecomeabigfailure．可知每當(dāng)父母看到一個(gè)小的潛在失敗的跡象，他們可能會(huì)害怕它成為一個(gè)大失敗的潛力．B項(xiàng)：Parentsareconcernedaboutyoursuccess．父母關(guān)心你的成功．符合文意，故選B．

4．A．段落理解題．根據(jù)后文Studiesshowthatteens'naturalsleeppatternsaredifferentfromthoseofadults．可知研究表明，青少年的自然睡眠模式不同于成人．A項(xiàng)：Getthesleepthatyouneed．得到你需要的睡眠．符合文意，故選A．

5．D．理解判斷題．根據(jù)前文Agreatwaytoimprovehomeworkhabitsistoimproveyourmemorywithbrainexercise．可知改善家庭作業(yè)習(xí)慣的一個(gè)好方法是通過腦力鍛煉來(lái)提高記憶力．D項(xiàng)：Therearemanyideasaboutimprovingmemories．關(guān)于改善記憶有很多想法．符合文意，故選D．

研究表明，青少年的自然睡眠習(xí)慣不同于成年人．你可以通過改變你的一些夜間的習(xí)慣來(lái)避免因較少的睡眠而產(chǎn)生的一些問題．如改善你的記憶力、避免重復(fù)壓力等等．Passage4

(2024年陜西省漢中市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷)Therearehundredsofgenres（流派）ofmusic，sowhilesomemightlikeonekind，othersmightlikesomethingcompletelydifferent.Whydopeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic？

（1）______Atthesametime，musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture，especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.

Musiccanalsobenostalgic，thatis，itcreatesakindoflongingforthepast.Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.（2）______Evenlongafterthemusiciansaregone，peoplestillfindsomethinginthemusicians'recordingsthattheycanenjoy.

Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.（3）______

Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike，achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain，whichcanmakeusfeelgood.（4）______Therearesomealgorithms（算法）todaythatcanhelppickuponthekindofmusicwelike.Whenwearestreamingmusic，someprogramswillletuslikeordislikesongs.

People'stasteinmusiccanremainthesameintheirwholelifeoritcanchangemanytimes.Butthetruthis，wedon'tknowalltheexactanswerstowhypeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic—orsports，orfood，orcolors.（5）______Wearealldifferentpeoplewholikedifferentthings.

A.It'smusictoourears.

B.Musiccanbeapartofouridentity.

C.Itbecomesamirrorthatweareholdingup.

D.Theyleaveapermanentmarkinpeople'slives.

E.Therefore，wemightwanttolistentoasongonrepeat.

F.Othertimes，wemightfindmusiccanbringupsadmemories.

G.Therearelotsofdifferentfactorsthatcaninfluenceourpreferences.【答案】B、D、F、E、G【解析】（1）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)后文Atthesametime，musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture，especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.（與此同時(shí)，音樂也可以幫助我們感覺自己是一個(gè)團(tuán)體或文化的一部分，尤其是對(duì)某種音樂有共同興趣的人。）可知，后文提到了音樂對(duì)自身其他方面的影響，故本句是在說明音樂可以成為身體的一部分，故B．Music

can

be

a

part

of

our

identity.（音樂可以成為我們身份的一部分。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

（2）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.（音樂家在音樂中留下了足跡。）可知，上文提到了音樂家，D選項(xiàng)They指代上文Musicians。故D．They

leave

a

permanent

mark

in

people's

lives.（他們?cè)谌藗兊纳钪辛粝铝擞谰玫挠∮?。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

（3）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.（我們可能還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們喜歡的音樂與我們的記憶密切相關(guān)。也許在我們小的時(shí)候，有人給我們唱過一首歌，勾起了我們美好的回憶。）可知，上文提到音樂可以勾起美好回憶，同樣也能喚起悲傷的回憶。故F．Other

times，we

might

find

music

can

bring

up

sad

memories.（其他時(shí)候，我們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)音樂能喚起悲傷的回憶。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

（4）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike，achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain，whichcanmakeusfeelgood.（當(dāng)我們聽自己喜歡的音樂時(shí)，大腦中有時(shí)會(huì)釋放一種叫做多巴胺的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，它能讓我們感覺良好。）可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出喜歡的音樂讓我們感覺良好，所以喜歡重復(fù)聽。故E．Therefore，we

might

want

to

listen

to

a

song

on

repeat.（因此，我們可能想要重復(fù)聽一首歌。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Butthetruthis，wedon'tknowalltheexactanswerstowhypeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic—orsports，orfood，orcolors.（但事實(shí)是，我們并不知道人們?yōu)槭裁聪矚g不同種類的音樂、運(yùn)動(dòng)、食物或顏色的確切答案。）可知，本句承接上文說明影響偏好的因素很多，無(wú)法確定。故G．There

are

lots

of

different

factors

that

can

influence

our

preferences.（有很多不同的因素可以影響我們的偏好。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

Passage5(2024年河北省衡水市董子高級(jí)中學(xué)定州中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷)Supercommunicatorsarepeoplewhoareconsistentlyabletocreaterealconnectionswithothersjustbylisteningandtalking.Thefollowingarefourhabitsofsupercommunicators.

Theyknowwhatkindofconversationthey'rehaving.Supercommunicatorsareusuallyabletorespondaccordingly.Ifyou'rehavingapracticalconversation，yourfriendmightaskyoutohelpmakeharddecisions.（1）______Ifyourfriendisjustexpressinghisfeelings，youjustneedtobeagoodlistener.

Theyprovethey'relistening.Thereareplentyofwaystoappearlikeyou'relistening，likemakingeyecontactornodding.Todothat，expertssuggestatechniquecalled"cycleforunderstanding".Askaquestionandlistentotheresponse.Repeatwhattheyjusttoldyou.Askyourconversationpartnerifyougotwhattheysaidcorrect.（2）______

Theyaskalotoftherightquestions.Researchshowsthathighlyeffectivecommunicatorstendtoask10to20timesasmanyquestionsaseveryoneelse.Theymaysimplybefollow-upquestionslike"Whathappenednext？"Supercommunicatorsalsoaskquestionsthatgetpeopletoopenup.（3）______Theyaskaboutpeople'svaluesorexperiencesandcreateanopportunityforemotionalconnection.

（4）______Thegoalofadiscussionisn'ttoimpresssomeone，convincesomeoneorwaitfortheirturntospeak.It'stogenuinelycomprehendsomeoneelse'spointofviewandsharetheirownviewsaccordingly.Therightresponsecreatesanatmosphereoftrustandopennessthatbothpartiescanbenefitfrom.（5）______

A.Theyaimtounderstand.

B.Expertscallthem"deepquestions".

C.Theyarepersuasivecommunicators.

D.Thedecisionsshouldbeeasytocarryout.

E.Thispracticesoundssimplebutispowerful.

F.Thenyoushouldbereadytogivegoodadvice.

G.Andthatisactuallythemostmagicalthingthatcanhappen.【答案】F、E、B、A、G【解析】（1）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Ifyou'rehavingapracticalconversation，yourfriendmightaskyoutohelpmakeharddecisions（如果你們正在進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)實(shí)用的對(duì)話，你的朋友可能會(huì)請(qǐng)你幫忙做出艱難的決定）可知這里提到當(dāng)朋友提出一個(gè)問題或需要你做決定時(shí)，你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備好給出好的建議。這與選項(xiàng)F"然后你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備好給出好的建議"相符。故選F。

（2）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Todothat，expertssuggestatechniquecalled"cycleforunderstanding".Askaquestionandlistentotheresponse.Repeatwhattheyjusttoldyou.Askyourconversationpartnerifyougotwhattheysaidcorrect（為了做到這一點(diǎn)，專家們提出了一種叫做"理解循環(huán)"的技術(shù)。問一個(gè)問題，聽一聽回答。重復(fù)他們剛剛告訴你的話。問問你的對(duì)話