河南省信陽市商城縣2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省信陽市商城縣2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheMostPopularNationalParksintheU.S.Famouslycalled“America’sbestidea”bythenovelistandhistorianWallaceStegner,theU.S.NationalParkSystemoffersfamiliesawonderfullyaffordablewaytovisitAmerica’smostpopularandbeautifullandscapes.HotSpringsNationalParkThisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.LocatedrightnexttothecityofHotSprings,thisisalsothecountry’ssmallestnationalpark,covering5,550acres.Themainattractionsherearethehistoricbathhousesandhotspringsthattheparkwasestablishedtoprotect.AcadiaNationalParkThisparkontheMaineCoastishometovariousplantsandanimalsandthetallestmountainontheAtlanticCoast.TodayvisitorscometoAcadiatohikerockpeaks,bikehistoriccarriageroads,orrelaxandenjoythecoastalscenery.ShenandoahNationalParkOccupiedbysettlersforatleast100years,itcovers200,000acresofVirginiawilderness.The105-mileSkylineDrivetracestheBlueRidgeMountainsandoffersmanyjumping-offpointstoseethebeautyofthispark.Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding,IndianaDunesNationalParkStretchingalong15milesofLakeMichiganshorelineandcoveringmorethan15,000acres,thisMidwesternparkisidealforrelaxingonabeach,hikingthe50milesoftrails,andexploringthediverseecosystem.Thesandsarethemainattractionwithrareplants,andvariousbirds.Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.1.WhatistypicalofHotSpringsNationalPark?A.Itseemslikeacitypark.B.Itislocatedinthesuburb.C.Itisn’tafarawaywilderness.D.Itisthecity’slargestnationalpark.2.WhatcanyoudoinShenandoahNationalPark?A.Talkaboutitshistorywithsettlers.B.Recordthebeautyofthispark.C.Rideahorsetoexploreitsbeauty.D.Enjoythepark’scoastalscenery.3.Whichofthefollowingparkscanyouvisitfreeofcharge?A.AcadiaNationalPark.B.HotSpringsNationalPark.C.ShenandoahNationalPark.D.IndianaDunesNationalPark.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)在美國最受歡迎且適合家庭出行的國家公園?！驹斘觥?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotSpringsNationalPark部分的“Thisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.(這個(gè)國家公園是獨(dú)一無二的，因?yàn)樗袷且粋€(gè)城市公園而不是一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的荒野。)”可知HotSpringsNationalPark的特別之處在于它看起來更像一個(gè)城市公園。故選A項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShenandoahNationalPark部分的“Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding.(在風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的駕車之外，您還可以通過徒步旅行、騎自行車和騎馬來探索公園的許多活動(dòng)。)”可知在ShenandoahNationalPark可以通過徒步旅行、騎自行車和騎馬等方式探索公園。故選C項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IndianaDunesNationalPark部分的“Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.(國家公園是免費(fèi)參觀的。)”可知，游覽IndianaDunesNationalPark是免費(fèi)的。故選D項(xiàng)。BTwoyearsago,HolmesparticipatedinBacktoSchoolBash.Hewasholdingdowntwojobsatthetime—onewiththecity’spublicworksdepartment,theotherasabarber.Saturdaywashisbusiesthair-cuttingday,buthechosetodonatehistimeandgivefreehaircutstounfortunatekidssothey’dlookneatonthatfirstdayofclasses.Butthenhehadalightbulbmoment:“Thekidsshouldearntheirfreehaircutbyhavingtoreadabooktome,”Holmessaid.TheideawassopopularthathecontinueditthefirstTuesdayofeverymonthforthenexttwoyears.Boysfromfivetotenyearsoldwouldgrabafavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloudwhileHolmeswasdoingtheirhair.Iftheywerepuzzledoveraword,Holmeswastheretohelp.Afterthehaircut,they’dreviewhebook,fromthecharactersandvocabularytothethemes—justlikeinschool,onlymorefun.Holmes,whoismarriedandhastwosons,agesthreeandfour,recognizesthatnoteveryparenthasthetimetoreadwiththeirkids.Holmesadmitshe,too,benefitsfromtheprocess.“Therewasthisseven-year-oldwhostruggledthroughhisbook,stutteringoverwordseventhoughhedidn’thaveastutter(口吃),”saidHolmes.Hehadtheboytakethebookhomeandpractice.Whenthechildcamebackafewdayslater,“Hereaditwithnoproblems.Thatinspiresme.”HolmesandhisfamilyhaverecentlymovedtoaChicagosuburb.Whentheygetsettled,heplanstotakeuphisroleastheStory-bookBarber.“Thewaytheworldistodaywithgunsandviolence,”hesays,“it’sasafeheavenforthekids,tocometothebarbershopandreadbooks.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutHolmestwoyearsago?A.Hehadonlyonejob.B.Heearnedalotasabarber.C.Heofferedfreehaircutstothepoorkids.D.HewastheorganizerofBacktoSchoolBash.5.TheexampleinParagrap3mainlyprovesthat_______.A.HolmesisverystrictwiththekidsB.HolmesalsolearnsalotfromthekidsC.beingafluentreaderneedsplentyofpracticeD.manykidshavetroubleinreadingastorybook6.WhatcanwelearnfromthelastParagraph?A.Holmesisdissatisfiedwiththeworldtoday.B.Holmes’barbershopwillhavesomechanges.C.Holmes’barbershophaswongreatpopularity.D.Holmeswillcontinuetobeastorybookbarber.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheStorybookBarberB.BacktoSchoolBashC.ReadingCountsALotD.CareAbouttheKids〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了Holmes周六為貧窮的小孩子免費(fèi)理發(fā)的故事。作為一名理發(fā)師，Holmes做了一件非常有意義的事情，那就是要求貧窮孩子為他讀一本書，他就免費(fèi)為其理發(fā)。文章具體介紹了孩子通過他的活動(dòng)受益匪淺，他也收獲很大?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Twoyearsago,HolmesparticipatedinBacktoSchoolBash.Hewasholdingdowntwojobsatthetime—onewiththecity’spublicworksdepartment,theotherasabarber.Saturdaywashisbusiesthair-cuttingday,buthechosetodonatehistimeandgivefreehaircutstounfortunatekidssothey’dlookneatonthatfirstdayofclasses.”（兩年前，Holmes參與了“回到學(xué)?？駳g會(huì)”。當(dāng)時(shí)他有兩份工作——一份在市政工程部門，另一份是理發(fā)師。周六是他最忙的理發(fā)日，但他選擇捐出自己的時(shí)間，為那些不幸的孩子免費(fèi)理發(fā)，這樣他們在第一天上課時(shí)就會(huì)看起來整潔）可知，兩年前，Holmes為貧困的孩子們免費(fèi)理發(fā)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Holmesadmitshe,too,benefitsfromtheprocess.”（Holmes承認(rèn)，他也從這個(gè)過程中受益）可推知，Holmes也從孩子們身上獲益，學(xué)到了很多東西。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whentheygetsettled,heplanstotakeuphisroleastheStory-bookBarber.”（當(dāng)他們安頓下來后，他計(jì)劃扮演故事書理發(fā)師的角色）可知，Holmes將繼續(xù)擔(dān)任聽故事的理發(fā)師。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意可知，理發(fā)師Holmes要求貧窮孩子為他讀一本書，來換取免費(fèi)理發(fā)，他成為了一個(gè)聽故事的理發(fā)師(StorybookBarber)，結(jié)合文章最后一段“Whentheygetsettled,heplanstotakeuphisroleastheStory-bookBarber.”（當(dāng)他們安頓下來后，他計(jì)劃扮演聽故事的理發(fā)師的角色）可知，TheStorybookBarber（聽故事的理發(fā)師）是文章的主線，也是文章的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CThousandsofAmericanstakepartintheNationalRiverCleanupDayeveryyear,organizedbythenonprofitAmericanRiverssince1991.Theeventbringscommunitiestogethertobecomeresponsibleprotectorsoflocalwaterways.However,theday-to-dayworkislargelydonebyfull-timeguardianslike“riverkeepers”“baykeepers”or“waterkeepers”.Fiftyyearsago,manyU.S.waterwayswereevenworsethantheyaretoday.Riverswereoftendammedorchanged,andpollutionwaspoisoningwaterecosystems.Riverfireshadbecomesurprisinglycommon,withOhio’sCuyahogaRiverexperiencingitstenthfirein100yearsin1969.NewYork’sHudsonRiverwasalsofullofindustrialwasteandwastewaterbythemid-1960s.Thisinspiredvariouscitizen-ledactions,includingsupportivegroupslikeHudsonRiverSloopClearwater,foundedbyfolksingerPeteSeegerin1966.Theeffectsonfishangeredlocalfishermen,whouseda1888federal(聯(lián)邦的)lawtotakeonpollutersdirectlyin1966.ThisledtotheformationoftheHudsonRiverFishermen’sAssociation,renamedRiverkeeperin1986.Otherprotectiongroupsaroundthecountrysoonborroweditsnameandstrategies.In1999,theWaterkeeperAlliance(聯(lián)盟)wasfoundedtouniteandsupportallthe“keeper”groupsintheU.S.andabroad.Today,theallianceincludesmorethan350organizationsandbranchesaroundtheworld,protectingover2.75millionsquaremilesofwaterwaysonsixcontinents.Riverkeeperfoundearlysuccesswithtwofederallaws:theRiversandHarborsActof1888andtheRefuseActof1899.TheselawsbannedpollutionofU.S.watersandofferedawardsforreportinglaw-breakingbehaviors.Riverkeepersnowworktoprotectriversbymonitoringwaterwaysandfindingsourcesofpollution.Theyhavevariousmethodsfordoingso,includinggoingonboatstocheck,testingwaterqualityatdifferentsitesandlookingintowhomightbecausingpollution.Theyinvestigatepotential(潛在的)pollutersanddeterminewhetherlegalactionisnecessary.Riverkeepersmakesurewaterwaysarecleanandsafeforanimalsandpeoplelivingthere.8.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheNationalRiverCleanupDay?A.Tofundwaterwayprotectionprojects.B.TopromoteAmericanfolkriverculture.C.Toraisepeople’sawarenessaboutwaterpollution.D.Toencouragecommunitiestotendtheirlocalwaterways.9.HowdidtheoriginalRiverkeepergroupbenefitotherprotectiongroups?A.Byhostingcleanupeventsannually. B.ByformingtheWaterkeeperAlliance.C.Bysharingitsnameandsuccessfulmethods. D.Byaskingthegovernmentforstricterlaws.10.WhatistheoverallimpactoftheWaterkeeperAllianceonglobalwaterways?A.Theystandardizedwaterqualitytestingglobally.B.Theyremovedindustrialpollutionintheworld.C.Theyprotectedlargeareasofwaterwaysworldwide.D.Theypreventedallfutureriverfiresfromoccurring.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Sourcesofriverpollution. B.Responsibilitiesofriverkeepers.C.Methodsforcleaningwaterways. D.Impactsoffederallawsonriverprotection.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.C11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了美國國家河流清理工作日的由來以及河流守護(hù)者為保護(hù)河流所做的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theeventbringscommunitiestogethertobecomeresponsibleprotectorsoflocalwaterways.(該活動(dòng)將社區(qū)聚集在一起，成為當(dāng)?shù)厮镭?fù)責(zé)任的保護(hù)者)”可知，全國河流清潔日的主要目的是鼓勵(lì)社區(qū)管理他們當(dāng)?shù)氐乃?。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThisledtotheformationoftheHudsonRiverFishermen’sAssociation,renamedRiverkeeperin1986.Otherprotectiongroupsaroundthecountrysoonborroweditsnameandstrategies.(這導(dǎo)致了哈德遜河漁民協(xié)會(huì)的成立，并于1986年更名為河流守護(hù)者。全國各地的其他保護(hù)組織很快借用了它的名字和策略)”可知，最初的河流守護(hù)者組織通過分享其名稱和成功的方法使其他保護(hù)組織受益。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Today,theallianceincludesmorethan350organizationsandbranchesaroundtheworld,protectingover2.75millionsquaremilesofwaterwaysonsixcontinents.(如今，該聯(lián)盟包括全球350多個(gè)組織和分支機(jī)構(gòu)，保護(hù)著六大洲超過275萬平方英里的水道)”可知，水守護(hù)者聯(lián)盟對全球水道的總體影響是保護(hù)了世界范圍內(nèi)的大片水域。故選C。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Riverkeepersnowworktoprotectriversbymonitoringwaterwaysandfindingsourcesofpollution.Theyhavevariousmethodsfordoingso,includinggoingonboatstocheck,testingwaterqualityatdifferentsitesandlookingintowhomightbecausingpollution.Theyinvestigatepotential(潛在的)pollutersanddeterminewhetherlegalactionisnecessary.Riverkeepersmakesurewaterwaysarecleanandsafeforanimalsandpeoplelivingthere.(河流管理員現(xiàn)在通過監(jiān)測水道和尋找污染源來保護(hù)河流。他們有各種各樣的方法來做到這一點(diǎn)，包括乘船檢查，在不同的地點(diǎn)測試水質(zhì)，并調(diào)查誰可能造成污染。他們調(diào)查潛在的污染者，并決定是否有必要采取法律行動(dòng)。河流管理員確保水道清潔，確保對生活在那里的動(dòng)物和人們安全)”可知，最后一段主要講的是河流保護(hù)者的責(zé)任。故選B。DEngineersattheUniversityofArizonaandascientistattheAmericanspaceagencyNASAhavedevelopedalightweightsailplanethatcanflyaboveMarsforseveraldaysatatime.Theplaneisequippedwithflight,temperatureandgassensors,aswellascameras.ItisdesignedtogatherdataabouttheRedPlanet’satmosphere.TherearecurrentlyeightactivespacecraftorbitingMarsandthreerovervehiclesalsoexploringthesurface.ButtheseresearchvehiclesarelimitedintheirabilitytocollectdataontheareajustabovetheMarssurface,becausetheydependonenergyfromthesunandneedbatteriestooperate.Theresearcherssaythesailplanetheydevelopedislightweightandlow-cost.Itwillbeabletouseamethodcalleddynamicsoaring.Thismethodpermitsaplanetogainenergybyrepeatedlycrossingboundariesbetweenairmassesofdifferentstrengthlevels.ThiskindofwindactivityisknowntobecommononMars.NASAhasexperimentedwithasmallhelicopteronMars,theIngenuity.Sofar,testsofIngenuityhavebeensuccessful.Buttheexperimentalhelicopterisonlyabletoflyforafewminutesatatimeandcanonlyreachheightsofabout12meters.“Itstechnologyhasbeenverylimitedbyenergy,”saysthestudy’sleadauthor,AdrienBouskela.Sailplanes,ontheotherhand,canflyovertheMartianskiesfordays,allowingthemtoreachfarbeyondIngenuityandvisitnewplaces.Theteamhascarriedouttestsofthesailplanebyattachingittoaballoonfloatinginthesky.Moretestsareplannedforthissummerwhenresearchersareexpectedtosendtheplaneuptoabout4500metersabovesealevel,whereEarth’satmosphereisthinnerandflightconditionsaresimilartothoseofMars.“WecanuseEarthasalaboratorytostudyfighttoMars,”saidSergeiShakrayev,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona.12.Whydopeoplecreatethelightweightsailplane?A.TodetecttheresourcesonMars. B.ToexploretheatmosphereonMars.C.Tocollectthedataoftheouterspace. D.Torecordchangesinthesolarsystem.13.Whatistheadvantageofthesailplanecomparedwithotherresearchvehicles?A.Itiseasiertooperate. B.Itcanbepoweredbywind.C.Itprovidesmoreaccuratedata. D.Itweighslessandmovesfaster.14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Thedevelopmentofthesailplanecostless.B.Sailplanescanworklongerthanotherresearchvehicles.C.TheIngenuitycanreachheightsofmorethan12meters.D.Tocollectdata,someresearchvehiclesarebeingusedtoexploretheMars.15.Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Researcherswilldomoretestsinthelaboratory.B.Researcherswillapplythesailplanetootherfields.C.Earth’satmosphereisthinnerthanthatontheMars.D.Researcherswilltestthesailplaneathighaltitudes.〖答案〗12.B13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文,文章主要介紹了美國科學(xué)家研制出一款能深入探索火星的滑翔機(jī)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ItisdesignedtogatherdataabouttheRedPlanet’satmosphere.(它的設(shè)計(jì)目的是收集有關(guān)這顆紅色星球大氣的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，這款滑翔機(jī)是用來探索火星的大氣層的。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButtheseresearchvehiclesarelimitedintheirabilitytocollectdataontheareajustabovetheMarssurface,becausetheydependonenergyfromthesunandneedbatteriestooperate.(但這些研究工具收集火星表面上方區(qū)域數(shù)據(jù)的能力有限，因?yàn)樗鼈円蕾囉谔柕哪芰?，需要電池來運(yùn)行。)”和第三段“Theresearcherssaythesailplanetheydevelopedislightweightandlow-cost.Itwillbeabletouseamethodcalleddynamicsoaring.Thismethodpermitsaplanetogainenergybyrepeatedlycrossingboundariesbetweenairmassesofdifferentstrengthlevels.(研究人員表示，他們開發(fā)的滑翔機(jī)重量輕，成本低。它將能夠使用一種叫做動(dòng)態(tài)飆升的方法。這種方法允許滑翔機(jī)通過反復(fù)穿越不同強(qiáng)度氣團(tuán)之間的邊界來獲得能量。)”可知，與其他研究工具相比，滑翔機(jī)的優(yōu)勢是它可以由風(fēng)驅(qū)動(dòng)。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Buttheexperimentalhelicopterisonlyabletoflyforafewminutesatatimeandcanonlyreachheightsofabout12meters.(但這架實(shí)驗(yàn)性直升機(jī)一次只能飛行幾分鐘，而且只能達(dá)到12米左右的高度。)”可知，C選項(xiàng)“TheIngenuitycanreachheightsofmorethan12meters.(Ingenuity可以達(dá)到12米以上的高度。)”是不正確的，故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Moretestsareplannedforthissummerwhenresearchersareexpectedtosendtheplaneuptoabout4500metersabovesealevel,whereEarth’satmosphereisthinnerandflightconditionsaresimilartothoseofMars.(今年夏天計(jì)劃進(jìn)行更多的測試，屆時(shí)研究人員預(yù)計(jì)將把飛機(jī)送到海拔約4500米的地方，那里的地球大氣層更薄，飛行條件與火星相似。)”可知，研究人員將在高海拔地區(qū)對滑翔機(jī)進(jìn)行測試。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howmanyadvertisementshaveyouseeninyourlife?___16___Advertisementsareagreatwaytomakepeopleawareofproducts,issues,andmore.Buthasadvertisingbecomeaproblemforsociety?Ifletmeratethecurrentonlineadvertisingrisks,Iwouldprobablygive2points.___17___Advertisingmakesusassociatehappinesswithconsumerism(消費(fèi)主義).Afterthey’veachievedtoruinourself-esteem(自尊),advertisementsaretryingtofoolusintothinkingthatonlyproductsandservicescanmakeusfeelbetter.___18___Whatisit?Youguessedright:Shopping.Oncetheyachievetomakeyoufeelugly,theysellyoubeautyproductssoyoucanimproveonyourugliness.Oncetheymanagetomakeyoubelievethatyouarenotimportant,theysellyouexpensiveclothessoyoucanattracttheattentionofothers.Andsoonandsoforth.___19___Wehaveaneconomicsysteminwhichpeoplehavetomakemoneyinordertosurvive—andthiscanbeclearlyseenintheadvertisingindustry.Byshowingyouwhattheideallifeissupposedtobe,andthenmakingyoucompareyourordinarylifetoit,theyslowlyleadyoutobelievethatyou’renotbeautiful,intelligent,confident,andsoon,untiltheyfullyconvinceyouthatyouarebasicallynotgood.Thereason?Tomakeyoufeelinsecuresothattheycanthenemotionallycontrolyou.Inshort,advertisementspromiseyouhappiness,providedthatyouspendmoneyinreturn.Theresult?___20___A.Advertisingpushesustomakemoney.B.Advertisingmakesusfeelthatwe’renotgoodenough.C.Sowhatexactlyarethemainproblemsofadvertisingonsociety?D.Theaveragepersonseesbetween280and310advertisementsperday.E.Withoutshopping,advertisementstellyouthatyoucan’tfindhappiness.F.Inotherwords,advertisementscreateaproblemandthenofferusasolutiontoit.G.Consumingstuffyoudon’tevenneedandleadingtowastethatispollutionourplanet.〖答案〗16.D17.C18.F19.B20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了廣告所帶來的問題?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Howmanyadvertisementshaveyouseeninyourlife?(你一生中看過多少廣告？)”可知，本句主要回答上文關(guān)于看過多少廣告的問題。故D選項(xiàng)“平均每個(gè)人每天看到280到310個(gè)廣告”符合語境，故選D。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifletmeratethecurrentonlineadvertisingrisks,Iwouldprobablygive2points.(如果讓我給當(dāng)前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告風(fēng)險(xiǎn)打分，我可能會(huì)給2分)”可知，上文提到了給廣告風(fēng)險(xiǎn)打分，結(jié)合后文主要分析了廣告帶來的問題。故C選項(xiàng)“那么廣告給社會(huì)帶來的主要問題到底是什么？”符合語境，引起下文，故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Advertisingmakesusassociatehappinesswithconsumerism(消費(fèi)主義).Afterthey’veachievedtoruinourself-esteem(自尊),advertisementsaretryingtofoolusintothinkingthatonlyproductsandservicescanmakeusfeelbetter.(廣告使我們把幸福和消費(fèi)主義聯(lián)系在一起。廣告在摧毀了我們的自尊之后，又試圖愚弄我們，讓我們認(rèn)為只有產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)才能讓我們感覺更好)”可知，本句承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋廣告是如何愚弄我們的。故F選項(xiàng)“換句話說，廣告制造了一個(gè)問題，然后給我們提供了一個(gè)解決方案”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Wehaveaneconomicsysteminwhichpeoplehavetomakemoneyinordertosurvive—andthiscanbeclearlyseenintheadvertisingindustry.Byshowingyouwhattheideallifeissupposedtobe,andthenmakingyoucompareyourordinarylifetoit,theyslowlyleadyoutobelievethatyou’renotbeautiful,intelligent,confident,andsoon,untiltheyfullyconvinceyouthatyouarebasicallynotgood.Thereason?Tomakeyoufeelinsecuresothattheycanthenemotionallycontrolyou.(在我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，人們必須賺錢才能生存——這在廣告業(yè)中可以清楚地看到。通過向你展示理想的生活應(yīng)該是什么樣子，然后讓你把你的普通生活與之比較，他們慢慢地讓你相信你不漂亮，不聰明，不自信，等等，直到他們完全說服你，你基本上不好。原因？讓你感到不安全，這樣他們就能在情感上控制你)”可知，后文提到了廣告讓你相信你不漂亮，不聰明，不自信，即告訴你不夠好，好控制你的情感。故B選項(xiàng)“廣告讓我們覺得自己不夠好”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Inshort,advertisementspromiseyouhappiness,providedthatyouspendmoneyinreturn.Theresult?(簡而言之，廣告承諾給你幸福，只要你花錢作為回報(bào)。結(jié)果呢？)”可知，本句主要說明廣告帶來的結(jié)果，廣告的最終目的是促使人們消費(fèi)。故G選項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)你根本不需要的東西，導(dǎo)致浪費(fèi)，污染我們的星球”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lastyear,JohnandIdiscoveredthatourplumbing(水管)hadfailed,floodingourhome.Wehadtoliveinahotelaswewaitedforthe____21____tobedealtwith.Livinginasmallhotelroomwiththreelittlekidswasanextremely____22____period,butwhenagroupofteenagersfromFFAgroupmovedin,thingswentfrombadtoworse.Theteenskepttalking____23____inthehallwaysuntillate,andthenoise____24____mykids.Iwas____25____anddecidedtotalktothemtoseeiftheycouldshow____26____ratherthanbecomeangry.ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoorandspoketotheyoungmanwho____27____.“Iknowyou’reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave____28____,butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight,”I____29____.Theyoungmansaidhewasverysorry.Beforegoingtobed,I_____30_____anoteunderourdoor.Iopenedthenotetofind_____31_____.Theteens_____32_____$40inthenote.Thenextmorning,myfamily_____33_____theteenagersandlearnedthatattheFFAconference,thestudentshadlistenedtoaspeechabout_____34_____andpayingitforward.Thatverynight,thestudentsfoundthat_____35_____tobekind.Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone,justaslongasyou’relookingforone.21.A.mess B.fear C.stress D.pollution22.A.boring B.challenging C.interesting D.confusing23.A.independently B.beautifully C.loudly D.illegally24.A.wokeup B.cheeredup C.builtup D.warmedup25.A.shocked B.upset C.disappointed D.calm26.A.doubt B.tension C.courage D.understanding27.A.laughed B.answered C.rejected D.performed28.A.fun B.confidence C.belief D.attention29.A.announced B.whispered C.explained D.argued30.A.left B.lighted C.tore D.noticed31.A.paper B.hair C.money D.cloth32.A.included B.wanted C.stole D.took33.A.approached B.cured C.warned D.thanked34.A.strategy B.kindness C.honesty D.religion35.A.attitude B.ability C.opportunity D.strength〖答案〗21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者家里水管爆裂導(dǎo)致家中被淹，不得不暫住在酒店等待修復(fù)。住在一個(gè)小酒店房間里并照顧三個(gè)小孩極具挑戰(zhàn)，但當(dāng)一群來自FFA組織的青少年搬入后，情況變得更加糟糕。他們晚上在走廊大聲喧嘩，吵醒了作者的孩子。在經(jīng)過和他們溝通之后，他們道歉了，并在作者門下留下了一張紙條和40美元作為歉意。作者認(rèn)為這些青少年抓住了表達(dá)善意的機(jī)會(huì)，告訴我們只要你去尋找，總會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)善行?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不得不住在旅館里，等待著混亂的局面得到處理。A.mess混亂；B.fear害怕；C.stress壓力；D.pollution污染。根據(jù)下文“floodingourhome”可知，家里被水淹了，因此這是一個(gè)需要處理的混亂局面。故選A。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著三個(gè)孩子住在一個(gè)小酒店房間里是一段極具挑戰(zhàn)性的時(shí)期，但當(dāng)一群來自FFA集團(tuán)的青少年搬進(jìn)來時(shí)，情況變得更糟了。A.boring無聊的；B.challenging充滿挑戰(zhàn)的；C.interesting有趣的；D.confusing令人困惑的。下文提到“thingswentfrombadtoworse”，說明情況變得更加糟糕，因此可以推斷出與三個(gè)小孩住在小旅館房間里是一個(gè)充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：十幾歲的孩子們一直在走廊里大聲說話，一直吵到很晚，吵醒了我的孩子們。A.independently獨(dú)立地；B.beautifully美麗地；C.loudly大聲地；D.illegally非法地。根據(jù)下文“butyouwerealittleloudlastnight”可知，孩子們一直在走廊里大聲說話。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.wokeup喚醒；B.cheeredup振作起來，高興起來；C.builtup建立；D.warmedup熱身。根據(jù)下文“mykids”可知，噪音吵醒了作者的孩子。故選A。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很難過，決定和他們談?wù)?，看看他們是否能表示理解，而不是生氣。A.shocked感到震驚的；B.upset沮喪，難過；C.disappointed感到失望的；D.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的。根據(jù)下文“decidedtotalktothem”可知，作者決定去和他們談?wù)?，這暗示作者之前可能感到不安或煩惱。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.doubt懷疑；B.tension緊張局勢；C.courage勇氣；D.understanding理解。根據(jù)“ratherthanbecomeangry”可知，作者決定去和他們談?wù)?，是希望他們能夠展示出理解，而不是生氣。故選D。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我敲了最近的一扇門，跟開門的年輕人說話。A.laughed笑；B.answered回答；C.rejected拒絕；D.performed表演，表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoor”可知，作者敲了離他最近的門，與開門的人交談。根據(jù)語境，開門的人應(yīng)該是回應(yīng)了作者的敲門聲。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我知道你們是來參加FFA會(huì)議的，我們希望你們玩得開心，但你昨晚有點(diǎn)吵，我希望你們今晚能安靜一點(diǎn)，”我解釋說。A.fun樂趣；B.confidence自信；C.belief信念；D.attention注意力。根據(jù)“Iknowyou’reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave...”，可知，作者知道對方是來參加FFA會(huì)議的，并且希望他們玩得開心。havefun為固定搭配，意為“玩得開心”。故選A。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.announced宣布；B.whispered低語，小聲說；C.explained解釋；D.argued爭論。根據(jù)“butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight”可知，作者是在向年輕人解釋（explained）昨晚他們太吵了，希望他們今晚能安靜點(diǎn)。故選C。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：睡覺前，我注意到門縫下有一張紙條。A.left離開；B.lighted點(diǎn)燃；C.tore撕碎；D.noticed注意。根據(jù)“anoteunderourdoor”可知，作者注意到了門縫下的紙條。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我打開紙條，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有錢。A.paper紙；B.hair頭發(fā)；C.money錢；D.cloth布料。根據(jù)下文“Theteens________$40inthenote.”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)紙條里面有錢。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些青少年在便條中附上了40美元。A.included包括；B.wanted想要；C.stole偷；D.took拿走。根據(jù)“$40inthenote”可知，青少年在便條中包含了40美元，表示他們將這40美元作為對作者的歉意或補(bǔ)償。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我的家人感謝了這些青少年，并得知在FFA會(huì)議上，學(xué)生們聽了一篇關(guān)于善良和傳遞的演講。A.approached接近；B.cured治愈；C.warned警告；D.thanked感謝。根據(jù)“Theteens________$40inthenote.”可知，收到來自青少年們的善意，作者和家人表示感謝。故選D。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.strategy策略；B.kindness善良；C.honesty誠實(shí)；D.religion宗教。根據(jù)下文“Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone,”可知，此處是信息詞kindness的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那天晚上，學(xué)生們找到了做善事的機(jī)會(huì)。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.ability能力；C.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；D.strength力量。根據(jù)下文“tobekind”可知，學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)有機(jī)會(huì)表現(xiàn)出善良。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IvolunteeredwithelephantsinSouthAfricaforonemonth.Itwasoneofthebest___36___(month)ofmylife.Itwasaneye-openingexperiencethatchallengedsomeofmybeliefsonhow___37___(vary)animalsareusedfortourism.IvolunteeredwithAfricanElephantResearchUnit(AERU)atKnysnaElephantPark.Ourdailyworkwouldchangeabit___38___timetotime,butitwasmostlymadeupofcleaningelephantcamps,preparingtheirfoodand___39___(take)notesonelephantbehavior.IfeelourworkisusefulbecauseAERUisthefirstresearchandvolunteerprogramdevotedtoimprovingthewelfareand___40___(manage)ofcaptive(被圈養(yǎng)的)andwildelephantsinSouthAfrica.Aspeople___41___(feed)upwithpoaching(偷獵),peoplethinkitis___42___(good)forelephantstobeincaptivitythantobeinthewild.BeforeAERU,therewasalackofresearchonAfricanelephants.Iamavegan(純素食者)andlotsofmisinformationisspreadinthevegancommunityaboutanimaltourism.Mostveganswilltellyouthatyoushouldn’tlet___43___(you)takepartinanytourismactivitiesaboutanimals.However,elephantparksarenecessarybecauseofpoaching.Manyelephantparkscannotrunondonationsalone.Mostof___44___moneycomesfromthetourists___45___wanttoseetheseanimalsclose.〖答案〗36.months37.various/varied38.from39.taking40.management41.arefed/havebeenfed42.better43.yourself44.the45.who/that【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在南非做大象志愿者的經(jīng)歷以及工作內(nèi)容?！?6題詳析】考查名詞。句意：那是我一生中最美好的月份之一?！皁neof+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“……之一”，所以空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填months?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：這是一次令人大開眼界的經(jīng)歷，挑戰(zhàn)了我對各種動(dòng)物如何用于旅游的一些信念?？仗幮揎椕~animals，應(yīng)用形容詞形式作定語，various/varied是形容詞，表示“各種各樣的”，符合題意。故填various/varied?！?8題詳析】考查介詞。句意：我們的日常工作會(huì)不時(shí)發(fā)生一些變化，但主要包括清理大象營地、準(zhǔn)備食物和記錄大象的行為。fromtimetotime為固定短語，表示“不時(shí)，偶爾”，符合題意。故填from?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們的日常工作會(huì)不時(shí)發(fā)生一些變化，但主要包括清理大象營地、準(zhǔn)備食物和記錄大象的行為。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與cleaningelephantcamps和preparingtheirfood并列，作介詞of的賓語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填taking。【40題詳析】考查名詞。句意：我覺得我們的工作很有用，因?yàn)锳ERU是南非第一個(gè)致力于改善圈養(yǎng)和野生大象福利和管理的研究和志愿者項(xiàng)目。空處與名詞welfare并列，作動(dòng)詞improving的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞management。故填management?！?1題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：由于人們受夠了偷獵，人們認(rèn)為圈養(yǎng)大象比野生大象更好。befedupwith為固定短語，表示“厭煩，受夠了”，根據(jù)句中is可知，句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是people，be動(dòng)詞使用are，即arefed；或者從句描述過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在有影響，使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是people，謂語動(dòng)詞使用havebeenfed。故填arefed/havebeenfed?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：由于人們受夠了偷獵，人們認(rèn)為圈養(yǎng)大象比野生大象更好。結(jié)合語意以及句中的than可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級形式better，表示“更好的”。故填better?！?3題詳析】考查代詞。句意：大多數(shù)素食主義者會(huì)告訴你，你不應(yīng)該讓自己參加任何關(guān)于動(dòng)物的旅游活動(dòng)?？仗幾鲃?dòng)詞let的賓語，且與主語you一致，所以空處應(yīng)用反身代詞yourself，表示“你自己”。故填yourself?！?4題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：大部分錢來自那些想近距離觀看這些動(dòng)物的游客。結(jié)合語意可知，此處特指大部分的錢，空處應(yīng)用定冠詞the表示特指。故填the?！?5題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：大部分錢來自那些想近距離觀看這些動(dòng)物的游客。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞thetourists，先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)從句。故填who/that。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿