江蘇省2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試模擬試卷03含解析

PAGEPAGE25江蘇省2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試模擬試卷03（含解析）總分：120分；考試時(shí)間100分鐘一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AEnglishlearnersshouldnotthinkthatmistakesarebad.AlexPoole,aprofessorofEnglishatWesternKentuckyUniversity,advisesthatlanguagelearnersshouldinsteadseeerrorsassignsofprogress.OnecommonproblemisthatEnglishlearnersthinktoomuchabouterrorsinsteadofcommunication."Thegoalistobeabletocommunicateinpracticalterms.Ifyouhaveanerror,theonlytimeyoushouldworryaboutitiswhenitleadstomisunderstanding,"Poolesaid.PoolesaidwhenspeakingwithanativeEnglishspeaker,youcanlookforsignsofconfusiontodetecterrors.Forexample,whenapersongivesanunusualresponsetosomethingyousaid,youcanthenaskthemdirectlywhattheproblemis.Italsoworksifyouaskanativespeakeraboutthekindsofthingsthatyousaythatcouldcausecommunicationproblemsifyouknowhimwell.Whenitcomestowriting,Poolerecommendsthinkingabouterrorsinadifferentway.Hesuggestskeepingalistofcommonerrors.WhenEnglishlearnerswritesomething,insteadofgrammars,theyshouldthinkaboutthebigpictureofwhattheyarewritingabout.Thenheadvisesthinkingabouthowtoputthoseideasinorder.Afterfinishingit,youcangobackanduseyourlisttolookforerrors.“Myphilosophyasalanguagelearnerhasalwaysbeen..I'mgoingtomonitormyerrors,butI'mnevergoingtobeperfect,sothatshouldn'tbotherme.ButIshouldlookforthingswhichcausecommunicationproblems,andIjusthavetolivewiththat."YoucanreadmoreabouterrorsinPoole'snewbookLearningaForeignLanguage-UnderstandingtheFundamentalsofLinguistics.Inthebook,healsowritesaboutstudyplans,progressandotherissuesinlanguagelearning.1．Englishlearnersshouldworryabouterrorswhen________A．theymisusepracticalterms.B．theydon'tknownativespeakers.C．mistakesbecomesignsofslowprogress.D．errorscausecommunicationbreakdown.2．WhatshouldEnglishlearnersconsiderfirstinwritingaccordingtoPoole?A．Grammars. B．Mainideas.C．Details. D．Wordchoice.3．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tointroduceabook. B．Toexplainbasicrules.C．Toofferpracticaladvice. D．Torecommendaprofessor.BHavingamicrochipimplantedinaman'sbrainmaybecommoninsci-fimovieplots,butitmaysoonbecomeanactualpossibility.ElonMusk-aUStechtycoon,founderofSpaceX-hasbeenworkingonthistechnology.OnAug28,Muskgaveadisplayofthechip,whichwasimplantedintotheheadofapignamedGertrude.Thechip,developedbyMusk'scompanyNeuralink,isthesizeofacoin.Butdon'tletitssizefoolyou.Thetinychiphasover3,000electrodes（電極）attachedtoflexiblethreads,whichcanmonitorabout1,000neurons（神經(jīng)元）.Itcollectsneuralsignalsfromanareaofthebrain,andthentransmitsthosesignalswirelesslytonearbycomputers,accordingtoMSN.ThatenabledresearcherstomonitorGertrude'sbrainactivitywhileshewaswalkingaroundinthedisplay.Thoughthetechnologyisstillinitsearlystage,itisencouragingforhumans.Thistechnologywouldsolvealotofbraininjuriesandisessentia]forAlsymbiosis,whichwillallowthehumanbraintocombinewithanartificialintelligence.Whenthedevicecanbeappliedtohumans,itsmaingoalwillbetohelpthosewhohavemobilitydifficulties.Muskhopesthistechnologycanalsobeusedtohelpthosewithhearingandeyesightissues.Althoughsuchadevicecouldrepairthoseproblems,puttingitintopracticeisbynomeansapieceofcake.Currently,thedevicecantransmitsignalsfromabout500neuronsinthepig'sbrain.Comparedto80billionneuronsinahumanbrain,thisnumberistiny.Andtocoverthewholehumanbrainalsomeanstheelectrodeshavetobemuchsmaller.Also,implantingthechipintothebrainposesapotentialdanger.Thereisariskoftheimmunesystemattackingthisforeignbody.Rightnow,thehopeofcontrollingthebrainviacontrollingafewneuronsseemsoverlyoptimistic."Therearemanytechnologicalchallenges...toovercomebeforeNeuralinkcanputitsdevicestothepurposes,"YuanLanfeng,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,toldChinaDaily.4．WhatdoweknowaboutElonMusk'smicrochip?A．Itwasinspiredbysci-fimovieplots.B．Itisabletocollectwirelesssignals.C．Itistinyinsizebutpowerfulinfunction.D．Ithasbeenimplantedintoahuman'sbrain.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"inParagraph3referto?A．TheoperationofthechipinGertrude’sbrain.B．Theattachmentofelectrodestoflexiblethreads.C．ThedevelopmentofneuronsinsideGertrude'sbrain.D．Thetransmissionofsignalsfromanearbycomputer6．Whatisthemajortargetofthemicrochip?A．Tomonitoranimals’brainactivity.B．Tohelppeoplewithmobilityissues.C．Todevelopacureforimmunesystemproblems.D．TocontributetotheresearchonAltechnologies.7．HowdoesYuanLanfengfeelaboutimplantingthechipintothehumanbrain?A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Optimistic. D．Challenged.COnceuponatime,sciencefictionwasjustastyleamongotherstyles.Therewerecrimestories,therewerehorrorstories,therewasliteraryfiction,andtherewassciencefiction.Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It'sdifficulttothinkofmuchmoderncrime,horroror“serious”fictionthatdoesn'tinvolvescience.Anditsnotjustbooks.Witheverysecondmovieandcomputergamehavingasci-fielement,sciencefictionseemstohavecontrolledourentireentertainmentculture.It'sclearthatifwewanttodefinesciencefiction,weshouldrelateittotherolethatscienceplaysinourlives.Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeaturesthatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherkindswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineverydaylife.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthugequantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.Citieswerebuiltonthebackoftechnology,withelectricityinhomesandhospitalshelpingeveryonetoleadhealthier,moreconvenientlives.Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople'sreallives,butontheirimaginativeones.Writersbegantodescribethesechangingphysicalandmentallandscapes,eventuallygivingsciencefictionalargeanddevotedfanbaseofespeciallyyoungreaders,whofoundthatitspoketotheircuriosityaboutthefuturethatsciencewouldcreate.Butsci-fictionreflectedfearsaboutsciencemorethanitdidhopes.ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH.G.Wells'TheWaroftheworlds（1897）.Withgreatskill,WellsplayeduponthefearsoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilization-thatofmenfromMars.Thesciencefictionoftodayexpressestheimpactofthecomputingrevolution,roboticsandourenvironmentalchallenges,whileitislessconcernedwith“l(fā)ittlegreenmenfromMar”andotherthemesofpastsci-fiction.Giventhatscience,technologyandpolitiesarealwaysintertwined,contemporarysciencefictionoftenhasagreatdealtosayaboutpower.Manyrecentnovels-likeAmericanCoryDoctorow'sLittleBrother（2008）-areconcernedwithgovernmentandsecurityservice“conspiracies（陰謀）”againstthepeople,particularlyastherevelationsofwhistleblowerslikeEdwardSnowdensinkin.Thiscangivesci-fiwritinga“skeptical（懷疑的）”feel.Thisunderlinesoneofthefeaturesthatremainsconstantbetweenthebeginningsoftheempireofsciencefictionanditsstatetoday.Asthen,sonow:Wewanttoreadabouthowfearfulthefuturewillbe,nothowitwillbeaparadise.8．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,weknowthat________.A．sciencefictionusedtotaketheleadershipinliteratureB．horrorstoryandliteraryfictionhaveinitiatedsciencefictionC．modernfictionreflectstheinfluenceofsciencefictionD．sciencefictionisthedominantliteraturestyleatpresenttime9．Whatcausedsciencefictiontoappearinthe19thcentury?A．Thecuriosityofyoungreadersaboutthefuture.B．Thechangesthattheindustrialrevolutionbroughtabout.C．People'sstretchedimaginationaffectedbytheirreallife.D．People'sfearsaboutscienceratherthanhopes.10．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheearlysciencefiction?A．Itarousedpeople'scuriosityofscienceondailylife.B．Itintensifiedpeople'sworriesaboutthesocialproblems.C．Itpromotedpeople'sunderstandingofthetruevalueofscience.D．Itconveyedanatmosphereofimaginaryanxietiestopeople.11．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Despitethecontent,thethemeofsciencefictionremainsthesame.B．Thefearofouterspaceattackhaslongbeenaworryamongpeopleoftimes.C．Theappearanceofsciencefictionhascausedmisunderstandingamongpeople.D．Sciencefictionisweakeninggovernmentpowerimplementedonpeople.DAmericanwriterA．N.DEVERSwasatarare-bookfairinNewYorkCityin2015whenshenoticedaJoanDidiontitlesellingforjust$25.ThenshesawthepricetagofanovelbytheequallyfamousCormacMcCarthy:about$600.“Irealizedwedon’tvaluewomen’sworkthesamewaywedomen’s,”Deverssays.“It’sdepressing.Butit’salsoexciting,becauseIcandosomethingaboutit.”Threeyearslater,aftermovingtoLondonandjoiningtheU.K.’sboomingrare-booktrade,Deversopenedthereddoorsofhernewbookstore,theSecondShelf.LocatedinaquietcourtyardoffthebusystreetsofLondon’sSoho,thestorealmostexclusivelystocksrarebooksbywomen(alongsideahandfulofmale-authoredbooksaboutwomen).Thefocusismodernfiction:ElizabethBowennovels,romancesbyRosamundePilcher,poetrybyNtozakeShange.Devers’skillforfindingoverlookedjewelswaspolishedduringachildhoodofVisitstoyardsalesintownsacrosstheU.S.,aresultofherfamily’sfollowingherfather’sAirForcejob.Someofhermostsought-afterrecentfindswereworksbyMiriamTlali,thefirstblackwomantopublishanovelinSouthAfrica.Devershitonher1975debutinacharitystoreandquicklysourcedandsold15moreTlalibooks.Incollectingtheseworks,theSecondShelfiscorrectingahistoricalimbalancethathasallowedwomen’sliteraryachievementstobeeclipsed.Bookdealershavetendedtobemen;muchofthetrade’searlymaterialwascollectedby“countrygentlemenwhoranestatesandamassedlibrariesofbookstoshowtheirwealthandintelligence,”Deverssays.Shearguesthatthey’vebeenliketheirpeersinothermale-ledcreativeindustries—includingtelevision,filmandthenewsmedia—inthat“theyfocusonthemselves.”Thatpastcontributestoaplainabsenceofwomen’sworkamongthebooksconsideredtobevaluableculturalobjects.InJanuary,theSecondShelfwentviral(走紅)onTwitterafterDeverspointedoutthatonlyninebooksbywomenappearedinalist,producedbyatradewebsite,ofthe500biggestsalesatauctioninthebooks-and-paperfieldlastyear.Evenamongmorerecentlypublishedworks,a2024studyfound,titlesbywomenareonaveragepriced45%lowerthanbooksbymen.Inrecentyears,callshavegoneouttoreadonlybooksbywomenforayearandforuniversitiestoexpandtheircurriculums.TheobservanceofWomen’sHistoryMonthintheU.S.hasalsomadeMarchatimeforpublisherstosuggestfittingreadinglists.Devers’shopisthephysicalsiteofthatmovementchallengingthecurrentsituation.“We’vebeentaughttofindvalueinsomethingreallynarrow,”shesays.“It’stimetoexploresomethingdifferent.”12．Thefirstparagraphtellsthereaders_________.A．whyDeversnamedhershoptheSecondShelfB．howDeverswasexposedtorarebooktradeC．whatmotivatedDeverstoopentheSecondShelfD．whereDeversfirstcameacrosswomen’sliteraryworks13．Theunderlinedword“eclipse”inthefourthparagraphmeans_________.A．fullyexposedB．partiallyconcealedC．seriouslytreatedD．roughlyexplained14．Whichmayexplaintheabsenceofthegreatliteraryworksbywomen?A．Thetradeusedtobedominatedbymen.B．Womenwriters’ideasconflictwiththebookdealers’.C．Malestendtobeproductiveinthecreativeindustry.D．Themajorityofmalereadersdon’treadmodernfiction.15．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Inrecentyears,universitycurriculumshaveemphasizedbooksbywomen.B．Women’sHistoryMonthhaspushedwomenwriterstobemoreproductive.C．MorephysicalbookstoreslikeDevers’areneededtochangethesituation.D．TheSecondShelfishelpingturnapageforwomeninliterature.二、七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Forhumans,ignorance(無(wú)知)isinevitable(不行避開(kāi)的):It'sournaturalstate.There'stoomuchcomplexityintheworldforanyindividualtomaster.Ignorancecanbefrustrating,buttheproblemisnotignoranceitself.16．.AccordingtoDavidDunning,ignorantpeopledon'tknowhowignoranttheyare.Ifyougiveagroupofpeopleatasktodoandthenaskthemhowwelltheythinkthey'vedoneonthetask.Poorperformersoverestimatehowwellthey'vedone;strongperformersoftenunderestimatetheirperformance:Thisisbecausethosewholackskillsalsolacktheknowledgeofwhatskillsthey'remissing.17．Thosewhohaveskillsknowwhatskillstheycouldimproveon.Ourignorance,ingeneral,shapesourlivesinwayswedonotknowabout.Putsimply,peopletendtodowhattheyknowandfailtodowhattheydon'tknow.18．Peoplefailtoreachtheirpotentialsimplybecausetheyarenotawareofthepossible.Thisisafactoflife.19．Wewon'tmissDisneylandifwedon'tknowit'sthere.Formanyexpensivethings,thelessyouknowaboutthem,thelessyou'llmissthemandthehappieryou'llbe.20．Ifwedon'tknowaboutbirthcontrol,thenwewon'tuseit.Ifweremainignorantaboutthehorrorsthataregoingonnextdoor,wewon'tdowhat'snecessarytostopthem.Andifweareignorantaboutthedangerousthingsourchildrenaregettinginto,disastercanfollow.A．Ignorancemeansyouhaveneither.B．Sotheythinkthey'reprettygood.C．It’sthetroublewegetintobynotrecognizingit.D．Butignorancehascosts.E.It'sknowledgeofpossibilitiesthatmakesusmissthem.F.Wecan'tchoosewhatwedon'tknowabout.G.Inthatway,ignorancechannelsthecoursewetakeinlife.三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從所供應(yīng)的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).Therearemanytalentedpeoplearoundtheworld.Someare21inbusiness,othersaregoodartists.Whateverthe22is,theremustbegoodideasinordertosucceed.Becauseasinglepersonbyhimselfcan23assesshisideascritically,heneedstocommunicatewithanotherperson.Todayyoucan24findpeopletotalktoonline.Extensivegeographycanincreaseyour25tofindthepersonwhosharesyourinterests.Inthebeginning,itis26tomeetasmanypeopleaspossible.Themorepeopleyouknow,thehigherthechanceyoufindthe27person.Beforeyouimplement(實(shí)施)youridea,itisnecessaryto28itwiththispersonyoufind.Inthiswayyougetanewviewofyourideaandrealizehowyoucandevelopitfurtheror29ittoimprove.Oftenthispersoncanshowyouwhatstrengthsand30yourideahas.Itisgoodtoimplementanythoughtonyourown,butdoingitwitha/an31iseasier.Whenyouchoosesomeonetoexpressyourideas,32thepersonhasstrongmotivationtolistentoyou.Sheorhealsoneedstohavethe33totellyouwhatisgoodandbadaboutyourideas.Chooseallthe34methodstofindthisperson.Communicateyourthoughtstohimandyourlifewillbecomemoresuccessful.Soitisimportantto35yourideaswithsomeoneelse.21．A．wealthy B．busy C．strong D．interested22．A．part B．field C．case D．a(chǎn)dvice23．A．hardly B．regularly C．instantly D．nearly24．A．proudly B．roughly C．easily D．a(chǎn)ctually25．A．courage B．chance C．interest D．hope26．A．necessary B．normal C．possible D．helpful27．A．rich B．friendly C．proper D．clever28．A．a(chǎn)rgue B．discuss C．cover D．travel29．A．control B．check C．protect D．change30．A．a(chǎn)spects B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．weaknesses D．exception31．A．partner B．guide C．a(chǎn)dult. D．expert32．A．tryout B．makesense C．workout D．makesure33．A．belief B．a(chǎn)bility C．confidence D．time34．A．scientific B．traditional C．a(chǎn)vailable D．various35．A．a(chǎn)ssociate B．exchange C．provide D．combine四、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)ThestoryofAtlantisisoneofthe36．(old)mysteriesintheworld.Buthowdidthestorybegin?Morethan2,000yearsago,afamousGreekwriterPlatowroteastoryaboutabeautifulislandintheAtlanticOcean,37．hecalledtheislandofAtlantis.Thepeopletherewereveryrichand38．(success).However,astheygrewricher,theybecameselfishandgreedyandtheystartedtoargueandfight39．eachotherandthepeoplefromtheotherislands.Then,oneday,asa(n)40．(punish),ahugeearthquakecameandgreatwavescoveredtheislandofAtlantisuntilitdisappearedunderthesea.Forover2,000years,everyonethoughttheislandofAtlantis41．(be)justafantasticstoryuntilanAmericanpoliticianandwriter42．(name)DonnellystudiedthehistoryoffloodsandnaturaldisastersfromEgypttoMexicoandthoughtthestorywasaboutarealnaturaldisaster.Then,in43．late1960s,theruinsofanancientcityontheGreekislandofTherawerediscoveredbyaGreekhistorian.Whenthehistorianandhisteamexaminedtheruinsoftheancientcity,theyfoundagroupofpeoplehadlivedtherebeforeandthecity44．(destroy)andburiedbyavolcaniceruption.So,wasTheratrulytheislandthatPlatohaddescribedinhisbooks?NOoneknowsandthestoryofAtlantis45．(remain)amystery.五、提綱類(lèi)作文(滿(mǎn)分15分)46．假如你是李華，是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席。你發(fā)覺(jué)有些同學(xué)迫于同伴間的壓力，在過(guò)生日時(shí)常常攀比誰(shuí)買(mǎi)的生日禮物好。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封倡議信，發(fā)表在你校校內(nèi)網(wǎng)上，呼吁同學(xué)們不要攀比。內(nèi)容包括：1.相互攀比的危害；2.對(duì)生日禮物的建議；3.向同學(xué)們發(fā)出倡議。留意：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearstudents,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union六、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(滿(mǎn)分25分)47．閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右?！癐wishmymotherhadaringlikethosetheladieswearatthehotel,”saidHiramGreentohimselfoneday.Hiramwasthesonofafisherman,butthefishermanhaddiedwhenHiramwasalittleboy.Hiram’smothertookonsewingworktoearnmoneytosupportherselfandherson.Hehelpedherwhenhecouldoutofschoolhours,andduringvacationtime.Hehadtwouncleswhohadtaughthimhowtocatchshrimp(蝦).Withthemoneyheearnedbysellingthemhecouldbuythingsforhisownuseorpleasure.Hehada“bank”almostfullofwhathecalledhis“shrimpmoney.”Thesightoftheflashingdiamondsonthehandsofsomeofthesummervisitorsatthefishingvillageinwhichhelivedhadaddedanewarticletothelistofbeautifulthingshismotherwouldownsomeday.Hehadheardthatjustonesinglediamondwassometimesworthfivehundreddollarsormore.Thishaddiscouragedhimverymuch.Butoneday,hehappenedtopassashopintheneighboringtownandsawanumberofdiamondringsdisplayedinthewindow.Hestoppedfascinated,andpressedhisfaceagainsttheglasseagerlytoseeifanypricesweremarkeduponthem.Imaginehissurprisewhenhesawuponthelargestone—atag(標(biāo)簽)marked$4.75.Helookedagaintoseeifhehadmadeamistake.Perhapsitwas$475.00.Butno,heknewenoughaboutfigurestoseethathewasrightthefirsttime.Hewenthomeasfastashecould,andranupintohisbedroom.Then,heopenedhis“bank”andcounteditscontents.“Threedollarsandtwenty-twocents!”hecried.“I’llhavethatringbeforeanotherweek.”Hiramworkedearlyandlateforthenextfewdays.Hecaughtmoreshrimpsthanhehadevercaughtinthesamelengthoftime,andsoldthemreadily.Paragraph1:Attheendoftheweekhehadthesumhedesired.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:YearsafterwardsHiramlearnedthatwhathehadthoughtwasadiamondwasonlyabitofglass.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．D2．B3．A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)西肯塔基高校的AlexPoole教授對(duì)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)當(dāng)如何對(duì)待自己用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行溝通和寫(xiě)作時(shí)所犯的錯(cuò)誤提出了自己的看法，并舉薦了Poole教授的新書(shū)。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段最終兩句“"Thegoalistobeabletocommunicateinpracticalterms.Ifyouhaveanerror,theonlytimeyoushouldworryaboutitiswhenitleadstomisunderstanding,"Poolesaid.（Poole說(shuō)：“我們的目標(biāo)是能夠以實(shí)際的方式進(jìn)行溝通。假如你犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，只有當(dāng)它引起誤會(huì)時(shí)你才應(yīng)當(dāng)擔(dān)憂(yōu)?！保笨芍?，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者在所犯錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致溝通中斷時(shí)才須要擔(dān)憂(yōu)。故選D。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段第三句“WhenEnglishlearnerswritesomething,insteadofgrammars,theyshouldthinkaboutthebigpictureofwhattheyarewritingabout.(當(dāng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者（進(jìn)行）寫(xiě)作時(shí)，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容的大意，而不是語(yǔ)法。)”可知，Poole認(rèn)為當(dāng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者寫(xiě)作時(shí)，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)首先考慮主要思想。故選B。3．推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了Poole教授對(duì)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)當(dāng)如何對(duì)待用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行溝通和寫(xiě)作時(shí)所犯的錯(cuò)誤的看法，且最終一段“YoucanreadmoreabouterrorsinPoole'snewbookLearningaForeignLanguage-UnderstandingtheFundamentalsofLinguistics.Inthebook,healsowritesaboutstudyplans,progressandotherissuesinlanguagelearning.”提到假如想了解到更多關(guān)于語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容，可以去閱讀他的新書(shū)。因此本文的寫(xiě)作目的是介紹一本書(shū)。故選A。4．C5．A6．B7．D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了在大腦在植入芯片聽(tīng)起來(lái)很科幻，但是馬斯克的公司已經(jīng)起先實(shí)施這樣的試驗(yàn)了。4．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的句子“Thechip,developedbyMusk'scompanyNeuralink,isthesizeofacoin.Butdon'tletitssizefoolyou.Thetinychiphasover3,000electrodes（電極）attachedtoflexiblethreads,whichcanmonitorabout1,000neurons（神經(jīng)元）.這個(gè)芯片是由馬斯克的Neuralink公司開(kāi)發(fā)的，只有硬幣大小。但別讓它的尺寸愚弄了你。據(jù)MSN稱(chēng)，這種微型芯片有3000多個(gè)電極連接在柔性線上，可以監(jiān)測(cè)大約1000個(gè)神經(jīng)元”可知，這種芯片雖然小但是功能強(qiáng)大。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。5．詞義揣測(cè)題。由劃線詞的前一句“Itcollectsneuralsignalsfromanareaofthebrain,andthentransmitsthosesignalswirelesslytonearbycomputers它從大腦的某個(gè)區(qū)域收集神經(jīng)信號(hào)，然后將這些信號(hào)無(wú)線傳輸?shù)脚赃叺挠?jì)算機(jī)?！笨芍?，這就是芯片工作的原理。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，劃線詞That就是指代這種過(guò)程。所以選項(xiàng)A“TheoperationofthechipinGertrude’sbrain.格特魯?shù)麓竽X芯片的操作?！狈项}意。故選A項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。題干中的themajortarget”與文章中的“itsmaingoal”意義相同，可以快速在文章中定位。由第五段第一句“Whenthedevicecanbeappliedtohumans,itsmaingoalwillbetohelpthosewhohavemobilitydifficulties.當(dāng)這種裝置能夠應(yīng)用于人類(lèi)時(shí)，它的主要目標(biāo)將是幫助那些有行動(dòng)困難的人。”可知，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。7．推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的句子“"Therearemanytechnologicalchallenges...toovercomebeforeNeuralinkcanputitsdevicestothepurposes,"YuanLanfeng,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,toldChinaDaily.“有很多技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)……中國(guó)科技高校副教授袁蘭峰在接受《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：“我們要克服這個(gè)問(wèn)題，才能使Neuralink的設(shè)備達(dá)到預(yù)期目的?！庇纱丝芍m峰認(rèn)為這個(gè)技術(shù)很有“挑戰(zhàn)性”。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】

8．C9．B10．D11．A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科幻小說(shuō)對(duì)其他文體的影響，并介紹其起源和現(xiàn)代科幻小說(shuō)與以前的不同。8．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It'sdifficulttothinkofmuchmoderncrime,horroror“serious”fictionthatdoesn'tinvolvescience.(但今日，科學(xué)主題主導(dǎo)了其他風(fēng)格。很難想象有多少現(xiàn)代犯罪、恐怖或“肅穆”小說(shuō)不涉及科學(xué)。)”可知，現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)受到了科幻小說(shuō)的影響。故選C。9．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.(盡管一些專(zhuān)家聲稱(chēng)科幻小說(shuō)可以追溯到古代，但更合理的說(shuō)法是科幻小說(shuō)最早出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)，那時(shí)工業(yè)社會(huì)剛剛興起。)”和“Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople'sreallives,butontheirimaginativeones.(全部這些變更不僅對(duì)人們的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活產(chǎn)生了巨大影響，而且對(duì)他們想象中的生活也產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。)”可知，工業(yè)革命帶來(lái)的變更導(dǎo)致科幻小說(shuō)出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)。故選B。10．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第五段“Butsci-fictionreflectedfearsaboutsciencemorethanitdidhopes.ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH.G.Wells'TheWaroftheworlds（1897）.Withgreatskill,WellsplayeduponthefearsoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilization-thatofmenfromMars.(但科幻小說(shuō)反映的更多的是對(duì)科學(xué)的恐驚，而不是希望。這些典型的早期科幻小說(shuō)可能是一部英國(guó)小說(shuō)，如H.G.Wells的《世界大戰(zhàn)》(1897)。Wells以超群的技巧，通過(guò)想象地球受到來(lái)自火星的人類(lèi)文明的威逼，演繹了人們對(duì)科技的恐驚。)”可知，早期的科幻小說(shuō)向人們傳達(dá)了一種想象中的擔(dān)憂(yōu)和恐驚氣氛。故選D。11．推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第六段“Thesciencefictionoftodayexpressestheimpactofthecomputingrevolution,roboticsandourenvironmentalchallenges,whileitislessconcernedwith“l(fā)ittlegreenmenfromMar”andotherthemesofpastsci-fiction.(今日的科幻小說(shuō)表達(dá)了計(jì)算機(jī)革命、機(jī)器人和我們面臨的環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)的影響，而對(duì)“來(lái)自火星的小綠人”和過(guò)去科幻小說(shuō)的其他主題關(guān)注較少。)”可推斷，盡管不同時(shí)期的科幻小說(shuō)內(nèi)容不同，但主題還是一樣的。故選A。12．C13．B14．A15．D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解并描述Devers發(fā)覺(jué)女性文學(xué)作品沒(méi)有得到和男性作品同等的待遇，確定為女性作品做些事情。12．主旨大意題。由第一段中的“Irealizedwedon’tvaluewomen’sworkthesamewaywedomen’s,”Deverssays.“It’sdepressing.Butit’salsoexciting,becauseIcandosomethingaboutit.”可知，“我意識(shí)到，我們并不像重視男性工作那樣重視女性的工作，”Devers說(shuō)。“這是令人懊喪的。但這也很令人興奮，因?yàn)槲铱梢詾榇俗鲂┦裁??！庇纱丝梢?jiàn)，第一段告知讀者是什么驅(qū)使Devers開(kāi)設(shè)了theSecondShelf。故選C。13．詞句揣測(cè)題。分析本句可知，“hathasallowedwomen'sliteraryachievementstobeeclipsed.”在句子作定語(yǔ)，對(duì)名詞ahistoricalimbalance進(jìn)行修飾說(shuō)明，ahistoricalimbalance表示的是歷史的不平衡，由此可測(cè)，這種不平衡引起女性文學(xué)成就遭到不好的待遇，eclipsed應(yīng)當(dāng)表達(dá)的是一種不好的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)B，表示的是有偏見(jiàn)地被隱藏，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。14．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的其次句Bookdealershavetendedtobemen;muchofthetrade’searlymaterialwascollectedby“countrygentlemenwhoranestatesandamassedlibrariesofbookstoshowtheirwealthandintelligence,”可知，書(shū)商始終傾向于是男性，很多的貿(mào)易早期資料被鄉(xiāng)紳收集，他們經(jīng)營(yíng)房地產(chǎn)并且積累了一圖書(shū)館的書(shū)去顯示他們的財(cái)寶和才智。由此可見(jiàn)，貿(mào)易過(guò)去常常被男性限制，導(dǎo)致了女性文學(xué)作品的缺失。故選A。15．推理推斷題。由第四段的第一句Incollectingtheseworks,theSecondShelfiscorrectingahistoricalimbalancethathasallowedwomen'sliteraryachievementstobeeclipsed.和最終一段的第三句Devers’shopisthephysicalsiteofthatmovementchallengingthecurrentsituation.可知，在收集這些作品的時(shí)候，書(shū)店theSecondShelf正在訂正歷史的不平衡，這個(gè)不平衡已經(jīng)讓女性文學(xué)成就變得黯然失色了。Devers的書(shū)店是那場(chǎng)挑戰(zhàn)現(xiàn)狀的運(yùn)動(dòng)的實(shí)質(zhì)性地點(diǎn)。由此可見(jiàn)，Devers的書(shū)店TheSecondShelf始終在為女性文學(xué)的變更供應(yīng)幫助。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義揣測(cè)題解題技巧之一：利用定語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)法功能解題。定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)句中某個(gè)名詞進(jìn)行修飾說(shuō)明，我們可以通過(guò)對(duì)名詞的理解或者定語(yǔ)從句的理解，推想要揣測(cè)的詞義。如本小題2，分析本句可知，“hathasallowedwomen'sliteraryachievementstobeeclipsed.”在句子是定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)名詞ahistoricalimbalance進(jìn)行修飾說(shuō)明，ahistoricalimbalance表示的是歷史的不平衡，由此可測(cè)，這種不平衡引起女性文學(xué)成就遭到不好的待遇，eclipsed應(yīng)當(dāng)表達(dá)的是一種不好的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)B，表示的是有偏見(jiàn)地被隱藏，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。16．C17．B18．G19．F20．D【分析】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章圍繞“無(wú)知”這一主題，闡述了“無(wú)知可能會(huì)令人懊喪，但問(wèn)題并不在于無(wú)知本身，而是我們身陷其中卻渾然不覺(jué)”這一道理。16．上文“Ignorancecanbefrustrating,buttheproblemisnotignoranceitself.”指出“無(wú)知可能會(huì)令人懊喪，但問(wèn)題并不在于無(wú)知本身”，結(jié)合下一段首句“AccordingtoDavidDunning,ignorantpeopledon'tknowhowignoranttheyare”（依據(jù)DavidDunning的說(shuō)法，無(wú)知的人往往不知道他們有多么無(wú)知）可知，真正的問(wèn)題應(yīng)當(dāng)指人們對(duì)無(wú)知的事實(shí)相識(shí)不足，C選項(xiàng)“問(wèn)題在與我們相識(shí)不到自己是無(wú)知的”正好表達(dá)了這一含義。故選C項(xiàng)。17．圍繞“表現(xiàn)欠佳者自吹自擂，表現(xiàn)良好者又自暴自棄”這一現(xiàn)象，前文“Thisisbecausethosewholackskillsalsolacktheknowledgeofwhatskillsthey'remissing.”指出“這是因?yàn)槟切┣啡奔寄艿娜藢?duì)自己原委欠缺哪些實(shí)力相識(shí)不足”，正因?yàn)檫@樣，B選項(xiàng)“所以他們自我感覺(jué)還挺不錯(cuò)”承接前文，其