2024秋高中英語Unit3UndertheseaSection2訓練與檢測含解析新人教版選修7

PAGEPAGE7Unit3SectionⅡ請同學們仔細完成練案[8]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThegrowingamountofhumannoisepollutionintheoceancouldmakefishunabletofindagoodhabitatandcausetheirdeath,accordingtoanewresearchfromaUK－ledteamworkingontheGreatBarrierReef,thelargestcoralreef(珊瑚礁)intheworld,offthenortheastcoastofAustralia.Afterdevelopingforweeksatsea,babyreeffishrelyonnaturalnoisesasacluetofindthecoralreefswheretheycansurviveandgrowstronger.However,withhumannoisepollutionfromships,windfarmsandoilminingontheincrease,researchersarenowconcernedthatthisimportantbehavioriscomingunderthreat.DrSimpson,aseniorresearcherinaBritishuniversity，said,“Whenonlyafewweeksold,babyreeffishfaceaverydifficulttaskinlocatingandchoosingasuitablehabitat.Reefnoisegivesthemquiteimportantinformation.Butiftheylearn,rememberandbecomeattractedtowardsthewrongsounds,wemightbeleadingtheminallthewrongdirections.”DrSimpsonandhisteambegantheirenvironment.Usingunderwaterlighttraps,DrSimpsonandhisteamcollectedbabyreeffishandputthemintotankswithunderwaterspeakersplayingnaturalreefnoiseoramixofman－madesounds.Thenextnightthefishwereputintospecially－designedchoicetanks.Againtheyplayednaturalorman－madesounds.Allthefishlikedthereefnoise,butonlythefishthathadexperiencedthemixofman－madesoundsswamtowardsit,theothersswamawaywhenhearingtheman－madesounds.Thetestresultshowsthatfishcanlearnanewsoundandrememberithourslater.Andtheycantellthedifferencebetweensoundsand,basedontheirexperience,becomeattractedtoothersounds,whichmightreallyaffecttheirbehavioronthemostimportantnightoftheirlife.Thebreakdownofnaturalbehaviorcouldhavedamagingeffectsonthepopulationoffuturefishgroups.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。經(jīng)英國科學家的探討發(fā)覺，海洋中的噪聲污染使生活在澳洲的小礁魚很難找到適合它們的棲息地。1．Babyreeffishfindcoralreefsmainlybytheirsenseof__B__A．sight B．hearingC．smell D．touch解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段首句中的“...babyreeffishrelyonnaturalnoisesaclue...”可知，小礁魚主要靠聽覺找到珊瑚礁。2．WhatdidtheBritishresearchteamfeelmostconcernedaboutafterthenoiseexperiment？__C__A．Thereasonwhybabyreeffishcanfindthelocationofcoralreefs.B．Theprocessofhowbabyreeffishlearnanewsound.C．Thepopulationoffishgroupsinthefuture.D．Theeatinghabitsofbabyreeffish.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第五段末句“Thebreakdownofnaturalbehaviorcouldhavedamagingeffectsonthepopulationoffuturefishgroups.”可知，通過噪音試驗，科學家最為關切的是將來魚群的數(shù)量問題。3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatbabyreeffish__D__.A．canfindtheirsuitablehabitatwhateverhappensB．cansurviveindifficultlivingconditionsC．cangetusedtonoisefromhumansD．a(chǎn)reeasilyattractedbysounds解析：推理推斷題。通過第五段其次句中的“Andtheycan...becomeattractedtoothersounds...”可知，小礁魚的行為方式很簡單受到其他聲音的影響。故選D。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？__D__A．Anewresearchaboutnoisepollution.B．AgreattaskfacedbyaBritishresearchteam.C．Thewaybabyreeffishsurviveandgrowstronger.D．Aresearchabouthownoisepollutionchangesfishbehavior.解析：主旨大意題。本文主要講解并描述科學家發(fā)覺噪聲污染會變更小礁魚的行為方式。故選D。BWhilemanypeopledreamofmermaids(美人魚)，fewpeopleactuallytrytobecomeone.Howcansomeonebecomeamermaidiftheydon'texist?JustaskDanaRichardson，whoisaprofessionalmermaidinHawaii!“Asachild,Ialwaysfeltveryconnectedtotheoceanandplayedmermaidsinthewater，”saysDana.“Myloveoftheoceantookmetodifferenttypesofworksuchasalifeguard,swiminstructor,boatcrewmember，underwaterphotographer,boatcaptain,andsurfer.Ijustdecidedtotakeittothenextlevelandgrowatail！”Danadoesn'tmeanliterally(照字面地)．In2008shebeganmakingmermaidtailsfrommaterialsincludingshinyfabrie(織物)thatshewearswhilefree－divinginthewatersaroundKona,Hawaii.Free－divingmeansdivingwithoutanyprotectiveequipment.Itrequiresyoutoholdyourbreathwhileswimmingdeepunderwater.Asshedivesin，Dananotonlylookslikeamermaid；sheexperienceswhatitisliketoswimlikeonetoo.ThewatersaroundDana'shomeinKonaarefilledwithwildlife，includingdolphinsandwhales.Konaisbyashelteredseawherethewatersarecalmforswimming.FortenyearsDanahasbeenswimmingwiththecreaturesofKona.Someofthemhaveevenlearnedtorecognizeher.Danaknowshowtoswimwithsealifebecausesheisatrainedmarine(海洋的)naturalist.Sheunderstandsthebehaviorofsealifeandknowshowtosafelyinteractwithit.Everymorningwhensheswimswithsealifeshegetstoexperienceherother“home”．“Theoceanbeneaththedepthsreallyisanotherworld.Watchinghowtheworldworkssogracefullyinthatcircleoflifeunderwaterisabeautifulthing.”ForDanaRichardsonbeingamermaidjustmakessense.“I'vealwaysfeltmorecomfortableunderwaterthanonland，”shesays.Wouldyouliketofollowyourdream,evenifitseemsimpossible?Danaremindseveryone，“Onepersoncantrulymakeadifference.Byfollowingyourheartandofferingtheworldyouruniquegifts,youwillinspireotherstodoso.Theworldneedsyou！”文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了一個女孩幻想成真的故事。5．WhathasbeeninfluencingDana'sworkexperiencemost？__A__A．Herhobby.B．Herfamily.C．Herscienceteacher.D．Herswiminstructor.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段首句以及“Myloveoftheocean...”可知是Dana對海洋和美人魚的寵愛影響了她。6．WhydoesDanamakemermaidtails？__B__A．Sheneedsthemtoprotecther.B．Shewantstoswimlikeamermaid.C．Sheneedstomakemoneywiththem.D．Shewantstotakephotosofmermaids.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段末句“...sheexperienceswhatitisliketoswimlikeonetoo，”可知做出美人魚尾可以讓Dana體驗到像美人魚一樣游動的感覺。7．BeingamarinenaturalisthelpsDana__A__.A．getalongwellwithsealifeB．discoverheroutstandinggiftsC．a(chǎn)ppreciatethebeautyofotherpeopleD．feelcomfortablebothunderwaterandonland解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段的其次句話可推知成為海洋學者幫助Dana更好地了解海洋生物并與它們溝通。8．Danaencouragespeopleto__C__.A．helpthoseinneedB．lovemarineanimalsC．trytorealizetheirdreamsD．protectthemarineenvironment解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)末段的“Byfollowingyourheart...”可知Dana激勵人們實現(xiàn)自己的幻想。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·浙江省溫州十五校聯(lián)合體高二下學期期中)Manyexpertsarecallingthegrowingproblemofglobalwasteaworldwidehealthcrisisinsincepollutionfromtrashisnotonlyharmingtheworld'soceans,airandsoilbutalsoendangeringpeople'shealthaswellasthelivelihoodofalllivingcreatures.Reduce,reuse,recycleSuchadilemmaraisesthequestion:isthereamoreresponsiblewayofdealingwithtrash?Fortunately,thereis.1.__D__.Oneexampleofthisiswhat'softencalledthethreeRs:reduce,reuse,recycle.Reducingtheuseofplasticcontainersaswellasreusingandrecyclingbottlesandcansdecreasestheamountofgarbagebeingsenttolandfills.Asaresult,lessmoneyisspentonwastemanagement,andcountries'financialburdensaresignificantlyrelieved.Suchpositiveeffectsonaneconomyareknownasacirculareconomy.CirculareconomyTraditionally,manufacturerswouldmakeaproducttobeusedanddisposedofbyconsumers.Thislinear(直線型的)modelofproductionofferednohelpinthefightagainstglobalwaste.2.__E__.Onceaproduct'svalueisexhausted,thematerialsarerecycledandreturnedtomanufacturers.Theoutcomeislesswaste.Onelarge－scaleexampleofthisishappeningontheislandofTaiwan.3．__B__In1997,Taiwanestablisheditssignature4－in－1RecyclingProgram,consistingofcommunities,governmentcleaningteams,recyclingcompaniesandtheRecyclingFund.Residentsseparatetheirrecyclablewaste.Thelocalgovernmentcollectionteamscollectit.4.__G__.ImportersandmanufacturerswhoareresponsiblefortherecyclableproductspayafeeintotheRecyclingFund.TheRecyclingFundisanessentialaspectoftheprogramusedtosubsidize(補貼)therecyclingdisposalsystem,supporteducationandresearchanddevelopmentaswellasfinancerecyclingeffortsinthefuture.TurninggarbageintogoldByfollowingacircularsystem,moreproductsthaneverarebeingmanufacturedusingrecycledmaterials.Environmentally－friendlydecisionslikethesehelptoconservenaturalresources,reducepollution,savelandfillspaceandevencreatenewjobopportunities.5.__C__.A．PracticesinTaiwanB．4－in－1RecyclingProgramC．RecyclingcantrulyturngarbageintogoldD．Livingazero－wastelifestyleisthewaytogoE．Alternatively,acirculareconomywasintroducedF．TherecyclablewasteisrecycledinmanylocalfactoriesG．Recyclingcompaniesbuywastematerialsfromthemtomakeprofits文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了人們?yōu)榱讼死o人類帶來的危機所實行的有效措施。解析：1．依據(jù)上文“Suchadilemmaraisesthequestion:isthereamoreresponsiblewayofdealingwithtrash?Fortunately,thereis.(這樣的兩難境地提出了一個問題：有沒有一種更負責任的處理垃圾的方式？幸運的是，有。)”及下文“Oneexampleofthisiswhat'softencalledthethreeRs:reduce,reuse,recycle.(其中一個例子就是我們常說的三個R：削減，再利用，回收。)”可知，此處指垃圾處理方式。D.Livingazero－wastelifestyleisthewaytogo(過一種零奢侈的生活方式才是正確之道)能夠承接上下文。故選D。2．依據(jù)上文“Thislinear(直線型的)modelofproductionofferednohelpinthefightagainstglobalwaste.(這種線性的生產(chǎn)模式對對抗全球垃圾沒有任何幫助。)”在介紹一種生產(chǎn)模式；依據(jù)下文“Onceaproduct'svalueisexhausted,thematerialsarerecycledandreturnedtomanufacturers.(一旦產(chǎn)品的價值耗盡，這些材料就會被回收并返還給制造商。)在介紹另一種模式，此處須要從一個模式到另一個模式的過渡。E.Alternatively,acirculareconomywasintroduced(此外，還引入了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟)”符合語境。故選E。3．此處須要一個段落的小標題，干擾項是A，但是，從分析其他三個段落小標題都是講如何處理垃圾來看，B.4－in－1RecyclingProgram(四合一回收安排)也是在介紹詳細如何處理垃圾，適合做本段小標題。故選B。4．依據(jù)上文“In1997,Taiwanestablisheditssignature4－in－1RecyclingProgram,consistingofcommunities,governmentcleaningteams,recyclingcompaniesandtheRecyclingFund.(1997年，臺灣建立了其標記性的四合一回收安排，由社區(qū)、政府清潔團隊、回收公司和回收基金組成。)及下文介紹可知，接下來起先從四方面起先介紹。G.Recyclingcompaniesbuywastematerialsfromthemtomakeprofits(回收公司從他們那里購買廢品來獲利)”介紹了回收公司的作用，符合語境。故選G。5．依據(jù)本段小標題Turninggarbageintogold(把垃圾變成金子)及本段中對回收利用垃圾所帶來的經(jīng)濟效益可知，C.Recyclingcantrulyturngarbageintogold(回收真的可以把垃圾變成金子)既呼應了段落小標題，又能對最終一段的進行總結(jié)。故選C。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024·浙江省溫州十五校聯(lián)合體高二下學期期中)Lifepressurecanbebigenough,soweneedtobesurroundedbywarmphrases,orevensomeblind1.__confidence__(confident).Recently,anewtrend——seekingpraisefromstranger—hasgonepopularonsocialmediaamongChina'syoungpeople;manychatgroups2.__havebeenformed__(form)toshowkindnessandsupporttomembers.These“in－need－of－praise”chatgroupsare3.__a__reflectionofChineseculturewhere4.__openly__(open)seekingandgivingpraiseisuncommon,5.__leading__(lead)manypeopletohidetheirtrueemotionsevenfromtheirfamilies.Foryoungpeople,gainingrecognitionfrompeersismoreimportantthangettingapprovalfromoldergenerations.Theycanfeelasenseofbelongingandgainencouragement,6.__which__isbeneficialtotheirmentalhealth.Aslongaspeople'spraisedoesn'tsound7.__insincere__(sincere),wearelikelytowelcomeit.Beingrichlyrecognizedforwhatwedoorwhowearejustfeelsgood.Mostofuslikepraises,8.__because__theycanraiseourspirits,warmourheartsanddecreasefearsandself－doubt.However,anyone