2024年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題試卷及答案

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-CAL-本頁(yè)僅作為文檔封面，使用請(qǐng)直接刪除大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題試卷及答案(總36頁(yè))大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題試卷及答案（二）PartIWriting(30minutes)(請(qǐng)于正式開考後半小時(shí)內(nèi)完畢該部分，之後將進(jìn)行聽力考試)Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertomajorinscienceorhumanitiesatcollege，writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1. A)Doingenjoyablework.B)Earningacompetitivesalary.C)Havingfriendlycolleagues.D)Workingforsupportivebosses.A)20%.B)25%.C)31%.D)73%.A)Thosefullofskilledworkers.B)Thosethatarewellmanaged.C)Thoserunbywomen.D)Thoseofasmallsize.A)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.B)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

C)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itisacollectionofphotos. B) Itisanintroductiontomusic.C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges. D) ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.A)WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.B)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.C)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.D)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.B)TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.C)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.B)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.C)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.D)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.B)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.C)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.D)Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.C)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.D)Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems. B)Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.C)Trytoappearmoreprofessional. D)Picturethemselvessucceeding.Shewonherfirstjurytrial. B)Sheworeadesignerdress.C)Shepresentedmovingpictures. D)Shedidnotspeakloudenough.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.C)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.D)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.B)Itfocusedontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.C)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.D)Itfocusedontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.B)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.C)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.D)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.B)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.C)Conductingresearchonconsumerbehaviour.D)Observingthechangesinmarketing.Itisachiefconcernofparents. B)Itisanactofsocialising.C)Itisthecauseofmanystreetriots. D)Itisgettingworseyearbyyear.Theyresearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.B)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehaviour.C)Theyconductedathoroughresearchonadvertising.D)Theyanalysedtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.B)Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.C)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.D)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.C)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.D)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing. B)Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly. D)Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek. B)Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending. D)Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23. A)Populationexplosion. B)Extinctionofrarespecies.C)Chronichunger. D)Environmentaldeterioration.24. A)Abouthalfofthemareunintended. B)Theycontributetooverpopulation.C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol. D)Themajorityofthemtendtoendhalfway.25. A)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates’attention.B)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.C)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryresearch.D)Itisessentialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youmilhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Doingenjoyablework.B)Havingfriendlycolleagues.C)Earningacompetitivesalary.D)Workingforsupportivebosses.【答案】B【解析】對(duì)話中有關(guān)第一種調(diào)查，男士說(shuō)有拾大原因影響著人們?cè)诠ぷ髦械男腋８小２⑻峒皩?duì)接受調(diào)查的大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，最重要的原因就是擁有友好、予以支持的同事。實(shí)際上，接受調(diào)查的人中有73%的人把與同事的關(guān)系作為促成工作幸福感的關(guān)鍵原因，這是一種很高的比例。由此可知，友好的同事是讓員工感到幸福的第一原因。故選B。2.A)31%.B)20%.C)25%.D)73%.【答案】B【解析】對(duì)話中女士問(wèn)男士調(diào)查中尚有無(wú)發(fā)現(xiàn)其他的信息。男士在回答中提及“However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy”，故選B。3.A)Thoseofasmallsize.B)Thoserunbywomen.C)Thosethatarewellmanaged.D)Thosefullofskilledworkers.【答案】A【解析】對(duì)話中男士說(shuō)從調(diào)查中還得出了某些更有趣的結(jié)論：首先小企業(yè)很好，人們更明確地傾向于在不超過(guò)100人的較小的機(jī)構(gòu)或企業(yè)中工作。由此可知，小規(guī)模的企業(yè)在員工中更受歡迎。故選A。4.A)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.B)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.C)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.【答案】C【解析】對(duì)話中男士說(shuō)一天只工作4、5個(gè)小時(shí)的兼職協(xié)議工比那些全職的人更快樂(lè)。隨即提及，從調(diào)查中得出的結(jié)論是，這一現(xiàn)象也許是由于兼職協(xié)議工能更好地平衡工作和生活。故選C。Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.B)Itisanintroductiontomusic.C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges.D)Itisacollectionofphotos.【答案】D【解析】對(duì)話開篇女士問(wèn)男士一開始是怎么對(duì)這一主題感愛(ài)好的。男士在回答時(shí)提到，對(duì)迫近的危險(xiǎn)的恐驚成為了這一大型拍攝項(xiàng)目的主題。由此可推斷出，《洪水將至》是一本攝影集。故選D。6.A)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.B)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.C)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.D)WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.【答案】C【解析】男士在回答女士的問(wèn)題（一開始是怎么對(duì)這一主題感愛(ài)好的）時(shí)提及，“，布魯曰城的音樂(lè)廳讓我為一種新的音樂(lè)節(jié)的目錄拍某些有關(guān)水的主題的照片”。由此可知，男士是在為音樂(lè)節(jié)目錄拍照時(shí)想出了這一作品的主題。故選C。7.A)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.B)TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.C)TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.【答案】A【解析】男士在對(duì)話中提及，傳媒報(bào)導(dǎo)中有大量警惕性文章是有關(guān)即將發(fā)生的氣候突變。并且對(duì)話中女士問(wèn)男士，有關(guān)書中的原話“我不想拍攝劫難，我想拍攝即將發(fā)生的劫難”能否說(shuō)些什么。男士在回答，整個(gè)歐洲的海岸線被沉沒(méi)只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，這一點(diǎn)目前非常清晰。由此可知，氣候突變發(fā)生時(shí)，整個(gè)歐洲的海岸線將被沉沒(méi)。故選A。8.A)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.B)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.C)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.D)Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.【答案】D【解析】對(duì)話中男士在回答女士的問(wèn)題（有關(guān)歷史在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中的作用）時(shí)提及，威尼斯是一座一直受到海水威脅的都市，在那裏每天早上會(huì)建起接木橋讓游客通往旅館。故選D。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Theymakecarefulpreparationbeforehand.B)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.C)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.D)Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.【答案】C9.【解析】題目是問(wèn)某些人在面臨新狀況時(shí)是怎樣體現(xiàn)的。聽力材料開頭提到，某些人面對(duì)新狀況時(shí)，常?；ㄙM(fèi)太多的時(shí)間預(yù)期最壞的成果來(lái)預(yù)演他們的失敗。其中C選項(xiàng)中的theirdefeat即聽力材料中的theworst。故選C。10.A)Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.C)Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.D)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.【答案】D【解析】聽力材料中提到，在斯坦福大學(xué)做的研究表明，心理影像對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的刺激方式和行動(dòng)對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的刺激方式是同樣的。并且在後文給出了一種高爾夫球手的例子來(lái)闡明這一點(diǎn)。故選D。11.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems.B)Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.C)Picturethemselvessucceeding.D)Trytoappearmoreprofessional.【答案】C【解析】聽力材料中提到了一位女律師，她在開始她的第一種陪審團(tuán)審案之前非常緊張。說(shuō)話人給她的提議是：讓她發(fā)明一種畫面想象自已自信是什么樣子的。對(duì)她而言這意味著，在法庭上自信地走動(dòng)，用有說(shuō)服力的肢體語(yǔ)言和突出自已的聲音以便讓臨近後門的法官席上的人可以聽見。她同樣也想象了一種巧妙的結(jié)辯陳詞和一種勝利的審判。由此可以推斷出，說(shuō)話人給處在壓力狀況下的人的提議是想象自已成功的樣子。故選C。12.A)Sheworeadesignerdress.B)Shewonherfirstjurytrial.C)Shedidnotspeakloudenough.D)Shepresentedmovingpictures.【答案】B【解析】題目問(wèn)及女律師在法庭上的體現(xiàn)。聽力材料結(jié)尾提到，年輕的女律師在自信的預(yù)演幾周之後，確實(shí)贏了第一種陪審團(tuán)審案。故選B。Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.13.A)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.C)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.D)Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.【答案】C【解析】聽力材料中提到，研究目前表明，把纖維添加到青少年的飲食中能協(xié)助減少患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。并且在後文中也提到，飲食專家克裏斯蒂?金發(fā)現(xiàn)很難使青少年病人關(guān)注健康的飲食，他告訴青少年病人多吃高纖維食物可以減少在中年之前患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此可知，把纖維放到青少年飲食中可以協(xié)助人們防止患乳腺癌。故選C。14.A)Itfocusedontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.B)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.C)Itfocusedontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.D)Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.【答案】D【解析】聽力材料中提到，有一項(xiàng)基于對(duì)44000名女性研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。該研究調(diào)查了她們高中時(shí)期的飲食，還追蹤了她們來(lái)的飲食習(xí)慣。由此可知，這項(xiàng)對(duì)44000名女性的研究追蹤了她們自青春期以來(lái)的飲食習(xí)慣。故選D。15.A)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.B)Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.C)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.D)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.【答案】A【解析】文章中提到，對(duì)44000名女性的研究表明了長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的證據(jù)，即纖維可以減少雌性激素的循環(huán)水平，這一點(diǎn)可以解釋纖維為何可以減少患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。其本質(zhì)內(nèi)容就是你吃的纖維越多，你身體中的激素水平也許越低，因此，患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也就越低。故選A。SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Observingthechangesinmarketing.B)Conductingresearchonconsumerbehavior.C)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.D)Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料開頭就提到，說(shuō)話者目前的研究實(shí)際上是有關(guān)消費(fèi)者行為。其中，文章中提到的市場(chǎng)變化、年輕人喝酒都是在用案例論證要從消費(fèi)者的角度看問(wèn)題。媒體對(duì)政府的影響并未提及。故選B。17.A)Itisthecauseofmanystreetriots.B)Itisgettingworseyearbyyear.C)Itisachiefconcernofparents.D)Itisanactofsocialising.【答案】D【解析】聽力材料中提到，在年輕人喝酒的案例中，可以確定的其中一件事情是對(duì)于18-24歲的年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，喝酒與參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)有關(guān)。文章中還提到年輕人喝酒目前備受政府而不是父母的關(guān)切。故選D。18.A)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehavior.B)Theyresearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.C)Theyanalysedtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.D)Theyconductedathoroughresearchonadvertising.【答案】A【解析】聽力材料中提到，說(shuō)話者的學(xué)生去年花了一周的時(shí)間研究他們自已的購(gòu)置行為，并且對(duì)從商店到他們與零售銀行和手機(jī)提供商之間的關(guān)系做了詳細(xì)的分析。故選A。Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.B)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.C)Itisthefirstcountrytousecreditcardsintheworld.D)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.【答案】D【解析】題目是問(wèn)從聽力中我們對(duì)瑞典有何理解。聽力材料開頭提到，瑞典是第一種印刷和使用紙幣的歐洲國(guó)家，不過(guò)它也許很快將不再使用紙幣。D選項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D。20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysicalcurrency.B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingtospend.C)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencycausesapersontospendmore.D)Whethertheabsenceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffecteverydaylife.【答案】C【解析】聽力材料中提到，克萊爾?貝瑞塔想查明沒(méi)有紙幣與否確實(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致一種人花更多的錢，因此她幾種月前決定做一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)。故選C。21.A)Therewasnofoodserviceonthetrain.B)Theserviceonthetrainwasnotgood.C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.D)Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.【答案】C【解析】聽力材料中提到，克萊爾?貝瑞塔在試驗(yàn)期間坐了一次火車。在途中，有一項(xiàng)通告告訴人們餐車目前不接受信用卡支付。由于諸多乘客旅行中沒(méi)有帶現(xiàn)金，因此火車上有諸多埋怨。由此可知，火車上的餐車只接受現(xiàn)金支付。故選C。22.A)Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.B)Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.D)Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.【答案】A【解析】聽力材料中提到，貝瑞塔說(shuō)她的父母年輕的時(shí)候常把錢放進(jìn)信封裏來(lái)做預(yù)算。當(dāng)他們拿到工資後，他們便立馬把現(xiàn)金分為幾份放進(jìn)信封，這樣他們就能懂得每周有多少錢。故選A。Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23.A)Populationexplosion.B)Chronichunger.C)Extinctionofrarespecies.D)Environmentaldeterioration.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料中提到，說(shuō)話者想要告訴我們?nèi)祟惾丝诘倪^(guò)去、目前和未來(lái)，并且用幾種問(wèn)題作為開場(chǎng)。第一種問(wèn)題就是：目前有拾億人長(zhǎng)期處在饑餓狀態(tài)，這意味著他們醒來(lái)後感覺(jué)俄，一成天都感覺(jué)餓，睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候也感覺(jué)餓。故選B。24.A)Theycontributetooverpopulation.B)Abouthalfofthemareunintended.C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol.D)Themajorityofthemtendtoendhalfway.【答案】B【解析】聽力材料中提到，有—2500萬(wàn)不識(shí)字的女人在生育上沒(méi)有得到她們想要的控制。這一問(wèn)題不只在發(fā)展中國(guó)家有，全球有近五成的懷孕是出于意外。故選B。25.A)Itisessentialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.B)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryresearch.C)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.D)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates’attention.【答案】A【解析】聽力材料中提到，人口記錄學(xué)不僅關(guān)乎人類的種群，也關(guān)乎于非人類種群，還包括無(wú)生命的對(duì)象。它是一種干預(yù)真實(shí)世界更明智、更有效的措施。它不僅可以提高你自已的福祉，同樣重要的是，它還可以提高你自已和周圍的人以及與我們共享地球的其他物種的福祉。由此可知，人口記錄學(xué)對(duì)地球上所有物種來(lái)說(shuō)都是必要的。故選A。PartⅢ ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Let’sallstopjudgingpeoplewhotalktothemselves.Newresearchsaysthatthosewhocan’tseemtokeeptheirinnermonologues(獨(dú)白）inareactuallymorelikelytostayontask,remain(26)_______betterandshowimprovedperceptioncapabilities.Notbad,really,forsomeextramuttering.AccordingtoaseriesofexperimentspublishedintheQuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychologybyprofessorsGaryLupyanandDanielSwignley,theactofusingverbalcluesto(27)_______mentalpictureshelpspeoplefunctionquicker.Inoneexperiment,theyshowedpicturesofvariousobjectstotwenty(28) _______;andaskedthemtofindjustoneofthose,abanana.Halfwere(29)_______torepeatoutloudwhattheywerelookingforandtheotherhalfkepttheirlips(30)_______Thosewhotalkedtothemselvesfoundthebananaslightlyfasterthanthosewhodidn’t,theresearcherssay.Inotherexperiments,LupyanandSwignleyfoundthat(31)_______thenameofacommonproductwhenonthehuntforithelpedquickensomeone’space，buttalkingaboutuncommonitemsshowednoadvantageandslowedyoudown.Commonresearchhaslongheldthattalkingthemselvesthroughataskhelpschildrenlearn,althoughdoingsowhenyou’ve(32)_______maturedisnotagreatsignof(33)_______.Thetwoprofessorshopetorefutethatidea,(34)_______thatjustaswhenkidswalkthemselvesthroughaprocess,adultscanbenefitfromusinglanguagenotjusttocommunicate,butalsotohelp“augmentthinking”.Ofcourse,youarestillencouragedtokeepthetalkingatlibrarytonesand,whateveryoudo,keeptheinformationyousharesimple,likeagrocerylist.Atany(35)_______，there’sstillsuchathingastoomuchinformation.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)apparentlyB)arroganceC)brillianceD)claimingE)dedicatedF)focusedG)incurH)instructedI)obscurelyJ)sealedK)spectatorsL)triggerM)utteringN)volume0)volunteers26.【解析】L?？崭袂笆切稳菰~no,空格後是名詞gains，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種形容詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有significant符合句意。havemadenosignificantgains意為“未能獲得明顯提高”。故選L。27.【解析】F?？崭袂笆遣欢ㄊ絫o，空格後是名詞詞組thehighcost,因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)句意，動(dòng)詞原形中只有justify符合句意。故選F。28.【解析】E?？崭袂笆莌asfallen，空格後是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthelast5-6years，本句是目前完畢時(shí)且不缺句子成分，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種副詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有drastically符合句意。故選E。29.【解析】D?？崭袂笆莿?dòng)詞remain，空格後是that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種形容詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有doubtful符合句意。故選D。30.【解析】H。雙引號(hào)前是不定冠詞a，因此此空應(yīng)填入一種名詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有outcome符合句意。故選H。31.【解析】O?？崭袂笆莿?dòng)詞use，空格後是名詞metrics，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種形容詞或名詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有standardized符合句意。故選O。32.【解析】B。空格前是副詞mostly，空格後是名詞詞組earlierstudies，由空格所在小分句開頭的and以及本句主語(yǔ)theactualresults可知，此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有confirm符合句意。故選B。33.【解析】K?？崭袂笆切稳菰~global，空格後是介詞調(diào)組forexcellenceinteaching，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種名詞。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有reputation符合句意。故選K。34.【解析】C?？崭袂笆窍祫?dòng)詞are,空格後是名詞詞組advancedthinkingskills,因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成目前進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，“基于知識(shí)的學(xué)位仍然很重要，但雇重規(guī)定大學(xué)畢業(yè)生具有較強(qiáng)的思維能力?！边x項(xiàng)中只有demanding(規(guī)定；查問(wèn)）符合句意。demandfrom為固定搭配，意為“向規(guī)定”。故選C。35.【解析】A?？崭袂笆窍祫?dòng)詞be，空格後是動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)measured，因此此空應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一種副詞，以修飾measured。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)中只有accurately符合句意。故選A。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.RichChildrenandPoorOnesAreRaisedVeryDifferently[A]ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilieslookmoredifferentthaneverbefore.[B]Well-offfamiliesareruledbycalendars,withchildrenenrolledinballet,soccerandafter-schoolprograms,accordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey.Thereareusuallytwoparents,whospendalotoftimereadingtochildrenandworryingabouttheiranxietylevelsandhecticschedules.[C]Inpoorfamilies,meanwhile,childrentendtospendtheirtimeathomeorwithextendedfamily.Theyaremorelikelytogrowupinneighborhoodsthattheirparentssayaren’tgreatforraisingchildren,andtheirparentsworryaboutthemgettingshot,beatenuporintroublewiththelaw.[D]Theclassdifferencesinchildrearingaregrowing—asymptomofwideninginequalitywithfar-reachingconsequences.Differentupbringingssetchildrenondifferentpathsandcandeepensocioeconomicdivisions,especiallybecauseeducationisstronglylinkedtoearnings.Childrengrowuplearningtheskillstosucceedintheirsocioeconomicstratum(階層)，butnotnecessarilyothers.[E]“Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconsequentialforchildren’slong-termsocial,emotionalandcognitivedevelopment,’’saidSeanReardon,professorofpovertyandinequalityineducationatStanfordUniversity.“Andbecausethoseinfluenceeducationalsuccessandlaterearnings,earlychildhoodexperiencescastalifelongshadow.”Thecyclecontinues:Poorparentshavelesstimeandfewerresourcestoinvestintheirchildren,whichcanleavechildrenlesspreparedforschoolandwork,whichleadstolowerearnings.[F]Americanparentswantsimilarthingsfortheirchildren,thePewreportandpastresearchhavefound:forthemtobehealthyandhappy,honestandethical,caringandcompassionate.Thereisnobestparentingstyleorphilosophy,researcherssay,andacrossincomegroups,92%ofparentssaytheyaredoingagoodjobatraisingtheirchildren.Yettheyaredoingitquitedifferently.Middle-classandhigher-incomeparentsseetheirchildrenasprojectsinneedofcarefulcultivation,saysAnnetteLareau,whosegroundbreakingresearchonthetopicwaspublishedinherbookUnequalChildhoods:Class,RaceandFamilyLife.Theytrytodeveloptheirskillsthroughclosesupervisionandorganizedactivities,andteachchildrentoquestionauthorityfiguresandnavigateeliteinstitutions.[G]Working-classparents,meanwhile,believetheirchildrenwillnaturallythrive,andgivethemfargreaterindependenceandtimeforfreeplay.Theyaretaughttobecompliantandrespectfultoadults.Therearebenefitstobothapproaches.Working-classchildrenarehappier,moreindependent,complainlessandareclosertofamilymembers,Ms.Lareaufound.Higher-incomechildrenaremorelikelytodeclareboredomandexpecttheirparentstosolvetheirproblems.Yetlateron,themoreaffluentchildrenendupincollegeandonthewaytothemiddleclass,whileworking-classchildrentendtostruggle.Childrenfromhigher-incomefamiliesarelikelytohavetheskillstonavigatebureaucraciesandsucceedinschoolsandworkplaces,Ms.Lareausaid.[H]“DoallparentswantthemostsuccessfortheirchildrenAbsolutely,”shesaid.“DosomestrategiesgivechildrenmoreadvantagesthanothersininstitutionsProbablytheydo.WillparentsbedamagingchildreniftheyhaveonefewerorganizedactivityNo,Ireallydoubtit.”[I]Socialscientistssaythedifferencesariseinpartbecauselow-incomeparentshavelessmoneytospendonmusicclassorpreschool,andlessflexibleschedulestotakechildrentomuseumsorattendschoolevents.ExtracurricularactivitiesreflectthedifferencesinchildrearinginthePewsurvey,whichwasofanationallyrepresentativesampleof1,807parents.Offamiliesearningmorethat$75,000ayear,84%saytheirchildrenhaveparticipatedinorganizedsportsoverthepastyear,64%havedonevolunteerworkand62%havetakenlessonsinmusic,danceorart.Offamiliesearninglessthan$30,000,59%ofchildrenhavedonesports,37%havevolunteeredand41%havetakenartsclasses.[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,childrenstartyoung.Nearlyhalfofhigh-earning,college-graduateparentsenrolledtheirchildreninartsclassesbeforetheywere5,comparedwithoflow-income,less-educatedparents.Nonetheless,20%ofwell-offparentssaytheirchildren’sschedulesaretoohectic,comparedwith8%ofpoorerparents.[K]Anotherexampleisreadingaloud,whichstudieshaveshowngiveschildrenbiggervocabulariesandbetterreadingcomprehensioninschool.71%ofparentswithacollegedegreesaytheydoiteveryday,comparedwith33%ofthosewithahighschooldiplomaorless.Whiteparentsaremorelikelythanothertoreadtotheirchildrendaily,asaremarriedparents.Mostaffluentparentsenrolltheirchildreninpreschoolordaycare,whilelow-incomeparentsaremorelikelytodependonfamilymembers.Disciplinetechniquesvarybyeducationlevel:8%ofthosewithapostgraduatedegreesaytheyoftenbeattheirchildren,comparedwith22%ofthosewithahighschooldegreeorless.[L]Thesurveyalsoprobedattitudesandanxieties.Interestingly,parents’attitudestowardeducationdonotseemtoreflecttheirowneducationalbackgroundasmuchasabeliefintheimportanceofeducationforupwardmobility.MostAmericanparentssaytheyarenotconcernedabouttheirchildren’sgradesaslongastheyworkhard.But50%ofpoorparentssayitisextremelyimportanttothemthattheirchildrenearnacollegedegree,comparedwith39%ofwealthierparents. f[M]Less-educatedparents,andpoorerandblackandLatinoparentsaremorelikelytobelievethatthereisnosuchthingastoomuchinvolvementinachild’seducation.Parentswhoarewhite,wealthyorcollege-educatedsaytoomuchinvolvementcanbebad.Parentalanxietiesreflecttheircircumstances.High-earningparentsaremuchmorelikelytosaytheyliveinagoodneighborhoodforraisingchildren.Whilebullyingisparents’greatestconcernoverall,nearlyhalfoflow-incomeparentsworrytheirchildwillgetshot,comparedwithone-fifthofhigh-incomeparents.Theyaremoreworriedabouttheirchildrenbeingdepressedoranxious.[N]InthePewsurvey,middle-classfamiliesearningbetween$30,000and$75,000ayearfellrightbetweenworking-classandhigh-earningparentsonissueslikethequalityoftheirneighborhoodforraisingchildren,participationinextracurricularactivitiesandinvolvementintheirchildren’seducation.[O]Childrenwerenotalwaysraisedsodifferently.Theachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromhigh-andlow-incomefamiliesis30-40%largeramongchildrenborninthanthoseborn25yearsearlier,accordingtoMr.Reardon’sresearch.Peopleusedtolivenearpeopleofdifferentincomelevels;neighborhoodsarenowmoresegregatedbyincome.Morethanaquarterofchildrenliveinsingleparenthouseholds—ahistorichigh,accordingtoPew—andthesechildrenarethreetimesaslikelytoliveinpovertyasthosewholivewithmarriedparents.Meanwhile,growingincomeinequalityhascoincidedwiththeincreasingimportanceofacollegedegreeforearningamiddle-classwage.[P]Yettherearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingtoshrink.Inthepastdecade,evenasincomeinequalityhasgrown,someofthesocioeconomicdifferencesinparenting,likereadingtochildrenandgoingtolibraries,havenarrowed.[Q]Publicpoliciesaimedatyoungchildrenhavehelped,includingpublicpreschoolprogramsandreadinginitiatives.Address