DB43-T 2380-2022紫蘇病蟲害綠色防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

ICS65.020.20

CCSB05

43

湖南省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

DB43/T2380—2022

紫蘇病蟲害綠色防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

Technicalcodeforgreenpreventionandcontrol

ofdiseasesandpestsinperilla

2022-07-08發(fā)布2022-10-08實(shí)施

湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布

DB43/T2380—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

3.1綠色防控···········································································································1

3.2植物免疫誘抗劑·································································································1

4防控原則···············································································································1

5防控對象···············································································································1

5.1病害···············································································································1

5.2蟲害···············································································································2

6農(nóng)業(yè)防治···············································································································2

6.1選用良種·········································································································2

6.2病株移除·········································································································2

6.3機(jī)械深翻·········································································································2

6.4合理施肥·········································································································2

7理化誘殺···············································································································2

7.1燈光誘殺·········································································································2

7.2黃板誘殺·········································································································2

7.3性信息素誘殺···································································································2

8生物防治···············································································································2

8.1天敵利用·········································································································2

8.2生物農(nóng)藥利用···································································································2

9化學(xué)防治···············································································································3

10生產(chǎn)檔案··············································································································3

10.1生產(chǎn)檔案·······································································································3

10.2檔案管理·······································································································3

附錄A（資料性）紫蘇主要病害發(fā)生及危害特征······························································4

附錄B（資料性）紫蘇主要蟲害發(fā)生及危害特征······························································7

附錄C（資料性）紫蘇主要病蟲害防控農(nóng)藥名錄····························································10

附錄D（資料性）紫蘇禁用農(nóng)藥名目···········································································12

附錄E（規(guī)范性）生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表········································································13

I

DB43/T2380—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳提出。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會歸口。

本文件起草單位：湖南省棉花科學(xué)研究所。

本文件主要起草人：王永波、傅淋、肖才升、李庠、李彩紅、曾潛、馬杰、賀璐、楊春安、劉冰蕾、

卜勇。

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DB43/T2380—2022

紫蘇病蟲害綠色防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了紫蘇病蟲害綠色防控的防控原則、防控對象、農(nóng)業(yè)防治、理化誘殺、生物防治、化學(xué)

防治和生產(chǎn)檔案等。

本文件適用于紫蘇生產(chǎn)過程中的病蟲害防控。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本

文件。

GB4285農(nóng)藥安全使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB8321農(nóng)藥合理使用準(zhǔn)則

NY/T393綠色食品農(nóng)藥使用準(zhǔn)則

NY/T394綠色食品肥料使用準(zhǔn)則

3術(shù)語和定義

下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

綠色防控greenpreventionandcontrol

是指以確保農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和生態(tài)環(huán)境安全為目標(biāo)，以減少化學(xué)農(nóng)藥使用為目的,優(yōu)先采取

生態(tài)調(diào)控、生物防治、物理防治和科學(xué)用藥等環(huán)境友好型技術(shù)措施控制農(nóng)作物病蟲危害的行為。

3.2

植物免疫誘抗劑plantimmuneinducer

能夠誘導(dǎo)植物免疫系統(tǒng)使植物獲得或提高對病原菌抗性的制劑。

4防控原則

根據(jù)紫蘇不同病蟲害的為害特點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)持“預(yù)防為主，綜合防治”的原則，優(yōu)先采用綠色防控技術(shù)，

確保紫蘇產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全。

5防控對象

5.1病害

主要病害有：根腐病、立枯病、白粉病、銹病、菌核病，其發(fā)生和危害特征見附錄A。

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5.2蟲害

主要害蟲有：白粉虱、蚜蟲、紅蜘蛛、斜紋夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾，其發(fā)生和危害特征見附錄B。

6農(nóng)業(yè)防治

6.1選用良種

選擇優(yōu)質(zhì)抗病品種。

6.2病株移除

發(fā)現(xiàn)病株、殘枝及其落葉，應(yīng)及時拔除、清理并帶出田塊集中銷毀，以減少病原菌發(fā)生基數(shù)。

6.3機(jī)械深翻

前茬作物收獲后采用旋耕機(jī)深翻土壤25cm以上，滅菌、殺蛹。

6.4合理施肥

施肥按照NY/T394規(guī)定執(zhí)行，優(yōu)先施用有機(jī)肥及微生物菌肥，結(jié)合翻耕每畝施入優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)家肥

2000kg～3000kg、過磷酸鈣40kg～80kg、尿素15kg～20kg，均勻混合翻入土壤，促使植株生長

健壯，提高抗病性和抗蟲性。

7理化誘殺

7.1燈光誘殺

使用太陽能殺蟲燈誘殺害蟲成蟲，每15畝～20畝一盞，燈懸掛高度為1.0m～1.2m。

7.2黃板誘殺

于苗期每畝均勻懸掛20張～25張含蚜蟲等信息素的黃板，懸掛在植株上方20cm處，隨著紫蘇生

長調(diào)整，用來誘殺蚜蟲、粉虱等。

7.3性信息素誘殺

田間昆蟲性誘劑誘捕器于7月～8月每畝每種設(shè)置1個，設(shè)置高度離植株頂端20cm，防治斜紋夜

蛾、甜菜夜蛾等夜蛾類害蟲。

8生物防治

8.1天敵利用

保護(hù)和利用田間瓢蟲（Coccinellidae）、赤眼蜂（Trichogrammatid）等自然天敵。

8.2生物農(nóng)藥利用

選擇4％嘧肽霉素200ml/667m2～300ml/667m2、植物免疫誘抗劑如5％氨基寡糖素70ml/667m2～

100ml/667m2等預(yù)防紫蘇病害；1.5％天然除蟲菊素500倍液～800倍液、8000IU/μL蘇云金桿菌

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100ml/667m2～150ml/667m2等防治蟲害。農(nóng)藥使用應(yīng)符合GB4285、GB8321和NY/T393規(guī)定。部

分藥劑及使用方法見附錄C。

9化學(xué)防治

基本要求：合理輪換，交替用藥，嚴(yán)格控制安全間隔期。農(nóng)藥使用應(yīng)符合GB4285、GB8321和NY/T

393規(guī)定。部分藥劑及使用方法見附錄C，禁用藥劑見附錄D。

土壤處理：使用30％惡霉靈水劑400g/667m2或50％敵磺鈉2000g/667m2兌水600kg潑澆土壤，

再施入微生物菌肥處理土壤。

種子處理：使用50％多菌靈可濕性粉劑500倍液浸種處理，晾干后播種。

病蟲害防治：可以使用1∶1∶200波爾多液每7d一次，連續(xù)噴3次。

10生產(chǎn)檔案

10.1生產(chǎn)檔案

對種植品種、生產(chǎn)投入品、肥水管理、病蟲害種類及危害程度，以及防治方法和效果等逐項(xiàng)如實(shí)記

載，檔案記錄應(yīng)符合附錄E的規(guī)定。

10.2檔案管理

檔案由專職人員進(jìn)行管理，隨時整理并逐年歸檔，保存期限不少于3年。

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附錄A

（資料性）

紫蘇主要病害發(fā)生及危害特征

A.1根腐病

紫蘇根腐病病原菌為（Fusarium）屬半知菌鐮孢霉真菌，主要危害幼苗，成株期也能發(fā)病。發(fā)病初

期，僅僅是個別支根和須根感病，并逐漸向主根擴(kuò)展，主根感病后，早期植株不表現(xiàn)癥狀，后隨著根部

腐爛程度的加劇，吸收水分和養(yǎng)分的功能逐漸減弱，地上部分因養(yǎng)分供不應(yīng)求，出現(xiàn)整株葉片發(fā)黃、枯

萎等癥狀。

A.2立枯病

紫蘇立枯病由立枯絲核菌（RhizoctoniasolaniKuhn）引起，一般發(fā)生在幼苗時期，發(fā)病初期不見紫

蘇苗倒下，發(fā)生立枯病后，莖部發(fā)生枯萎，幼苗由黃至枯死。紫蘇發(fā)生立枯病后，并不見其馬上倒下，

但實(shí)際里面已經(jīng)不會有新根長出。

A.3白粉病

白粉病俗稱白毛病，是由瓜單絲殼菌（Sphaerotheca）引起，一種真菌性病害，病菌在田間病殘體

上越冬，成為翌年初侵染源，多發(fā)生于枝條中下部將硬化的或老葉片背面，枝梢嫩葉受害較輕。發(fā)病初

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期葉背出現(xiàn)圓形白粉狀小霉斑，后擴(kuò)大連片，白粉嚴(yán)重時布滿葉背，葉面與病斑對應(yīng)處可見淡黃褐斑，

后期白色霉斑中出現(xiàn)黃色小顆粒物，漸由黃變褐，最后變?yōu)楹谏×｜c(diǎn)，即病原菌閉囊殼。

A.4銹病

紫蘇銹病是由紫蘇鞘銹菌（Coleosporiumperillaesyd）引起，病菌主要隨植株病殘體在土壤中越冬，

翌年侵染發(fā)病，病斑上散發(fā)出大量夏孢子，隨氣流和雨水傳播。一般在雨季發(fā)病較重，排水不良的低洼

地和種植過密、通風(fēng)透光較差的地塊也較易發(fā)病。主要危害葉片。葉片初發(fā)病時，由下而上在葉背上出

現(xiàn)黃白色斑點(diǎn)，后擴(kuò)大至全株；后期病斑破裂，散發(fā)出橙黃色甚至黑色粉末狀物，直至葉片枯黃脫落，

提早枯死。

A.5菌核病

菌核病是由核盤菌（Sclerotiniascleroriorumdebary）引起的，大多呈點(diǎn)片零星分布，發(fā)病部位一般

都在接近地表的根莖部。初期水漬狀、黃褐色,擴(kuò)展后成梭形繞莖病斑,略凹陷,中部白邊緣褐色,與

正常組織交界分明。在潮濕條件下,受害部位變白,造成稈腐,髓部形成鼠糞狀黑色菌核。收獲時,病

株內(nèi)的菌核由于早枯而落入土中或混入種子中成為翌年病原

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附錄B

（資料性）

紫蘇主要蟲害發(fā)生及危害特征

B.1白粉虱（Trialeurodesvaporariorum）

在7月底至9月下旬，紫蘇易患白粉一般群集在葉片背面，使被害葉片褪綠、黃化、萎蔫，甚至全

株枯死。

B.2蚜蟲（Aphidoidea）

又稱蜜蟲，通常以成蟲、若蟲群集在葉片背面和嫩芽上吸取汁液，造成葉片卷曲、變形，植株萎縮，

生長不良，繁殖特快，一旦發(fā)生若不及時防治，就能危害成災(zāi)。

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B.3紅蜘蛛（Tetranychuscinnbarinus）

主要刺吸紫蘇葉片和幼嫩部分，特別在紫蘇生長中后期，危害嚴(yán)重，造成植株畸形、早衰。

B.4斜紋夜蛾（SpodopteralituraFabricius）

斜紋夜蛾是一種暴食性、雜食性害蟲，葉背產(chǎn)卵，初孵幼蟲在葉背為害，取食葉片造成許多小孔或

殘留透明上表皮，可通過吐絲下墜分散轉(zhuǎn)移為害。4齡后食量驟增，蟲口密度高時，葉片被吃光僅剩葉

脈。

B.5甜菜夜蛾（SpodopteraexiguaHiibner）

甜菜夜蛾是一種世界性頑固害蟲，具有雜食性，6月中旬初見發(fā)生。幼蟲的體壁厚，排泄效應(yīng)快，

嫩葉上可見明顯1mm～2mm粒狀成堆黑色排泄物。4齡～5齡是危害暴食期，使葉片形成穿孔或缺刻，

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殘留表皮。取食葉片后造成傷口和污染，使植株容易感病，出現(xiàn)大面積黑褐色和白色霉斑。

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附錄C

（資料性）

紫蘇主要病蟲害防控農(nóng)藥名錄

有害生物名稱防治時期農(nóng)藥名稱使用方法安全間隔期

播前30％惡霉靈水劑稀釋1000～1500倍潑澆土壤7d

發(fā)病初期50％多菌靈可濕性粉劑稀釋500～600倍灌根10d

根腐病

600～800倍液噴霧，7d施藥1

發(fā)病初期0.5％氨基寡糖素7d

次，連施2～3次

稀釋600倍灌根，7d施藥1次，

發(fā)病初期75％百菌清600倍液7d

連施2～3次

1000～1500倍液，7～10d噴灑

立枯病發(fā)病初期30％甲霜惡霉靈可濕性粉劑7～10d

1次，連續(xù)2～3次

1000倍液噴霧，7d施藥1次，

發(fā)病初期25％粉銹寧可濕性粉劑4～7d

連施2～3次

500倍液，7～10d噴灑1次，連

發(fā)病初期40％多菌靈硫磺膠懸劑7～10d

續(xù)2次

白粉病

500倍液，7～10d噴灑1次，連

發(fā)病初期50％甲基托布津膠懸劑7～10d

續(xù)2次

500倍液，3d噴灑1次，連續(xù)4～

發(fā)病初期小蘇打3d

5次

用種子重量0.4％的15％粉銹寧

播種前50％甲基托布津膠懸劑7d

拌種

發(fā)病初期1∶1∶200的波爾多液1∶1∶200的波爾多液2～3次7～10d

銹病

發(fā)病初期25％粉銹寧2000倍液噴霧,15～20d噴1次15～20d

發(fā)病初期25％敵力脫4000倍液噴霧，15～20d噴1次15～20d

500倍液噴霧，7～10天噴1次，

發(fā)病初期50％多菌靈可濕性粉劑7～10d

連續(xù)2～3次

500～1000倍液噴霧，7～10天噴

菌核病發(fā)病初期70％甲基硫菌靈可濕性粉劑7～10d

1次，連續(xù)2～3次

50％異菌脲懸浮劑或可濕性粉1000～1500倍液噴霧，7～10天

發(fā)病初期7～10d

劑，50％腐霉利可濕性粉劑噴1次，連續(xù)2～3次

4000～6000倍液噴霧，1d一次，

白粉虱發(fā)生初期10％吡蟲啉1d

連防2次

10

DB43/T2380—2022

有害生物名稱防治時期農(nóng)藥名稱使用方法安全間隔期

發(fā)生初期50％抗蚜威可濕性粉劑2000～3000倍液噴霧7d

發(fā)生初期2.5％溴氰菊脂乳油2000～3000倍液噴霧7d

蚜蟲

發(fā)生初、盛期2.5％功夫乳油2000～3000倍液噴霧7d

發(fā)生初、盛期20％速滅殺丁乳油2000～3000倍液噴霧7d

1200倍液，10d噴施一次，連續(xù)

發(fā)生初期73％克螨特乳油10d

2～3次

1500～2000倍液，10d噴施一次，

紅蜘蛛發(fā)生初期40％環(huán)丙殺螨醇可濕性粉劑10d

連續(xù)2～3次

1000倍液，10d噴施一次，連續(xù)

發(fā)生初期20％三氯殺螨醇乳油10d

2～3次

1000倍液噴霧，10d噴施一次，

發(fā)生初期2.5％滅幼脲10d

連續(xù)2～3次

3000倍液噴霧，10d噴施一次，

斜紋夜蛾發(fā)生初期4.5％高效氯氰菊酯乳油10d

連續(xù)2～3次

2000～3000倍液噴霧，10d噴施

發(fā)生初期5％甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸乳劑10d

一次，連續(xù)2～3次

4000倍液噴霧，10d噴施一次，

發(fā)生初期20％除蟲脲懸浮劑10d

連續(xù)2～3次

3000倍液噴霧，10d噴施一次，

甜菜夜蛾發(fā)生初期4.5％高效氯氰菊酯乳油10d

連續(xù)2～3次

2000～3000倍液噴霧，10d噴施

發(fā)生初期5％甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸乳劑10d

一次，連續(xù)2～3次

11

DB43/T2380—2022

附錄D

（資料性）

紫蘇禁用農(nóng)藥名目

種類農(nóng)藥名稱禁用原因

滴滴涕（DDT）、六六六、林丹、甲氧高殘毒DDT、硫丹、艾氏劑、

有機(jī)氯殺蟲劑高殘留、致癌

狄氏劑、毒殺芬、賽丹、八氯二丙醚、殺螟丹、定蟲隆

含持久性的有機(jī)污染物，

有機(jī)氯殺螨劑三氯殺螨醇、三氯殺螨砜

殘留超標(biāo)

甲拌磷、乙拌磷、久效磷、對硫磷、甲基對硫磷、甲胺磷、甲

基異柳磷、治螟磷、氧化樂果、磷銨、地蟲硫磷、滅克磷（益

收寶）、水胺硫磷、氯唑磷、硫線磷、殺撲磷、特丁硫磷、克線

有機(jī)磷殺蟲劑丹、苯線磷、甲基硫環(huán)磷、硫環(huán)磷、滅線磷、內(nèi)吸磷、蠅毒磷、劇毒、高毒

乙酰甲胺磷、樂果、磷化鈣、磷化鎂、磷化鋅、磷化鋁、三唑

磷、毒死蜱、氟蟲腈、乙硫磷、喹硫磷、

嘧啶磷、丙溴磷、雙硫磷

涕滅威、克百威、滅多威、丁硫克百威、丙硫克百威、殘殺威、

氨基甲酸酯殺蟲劑高毒、劇毒或代謝物高毒

苯螨特

二甲基甲脒類殺蟲劑殺蟲脒、殺蟲環(huán)慢性毒性、致癌

二溴甲烷、環(huán)氧乙烷、二溴氯丙烷、溴甲烷、氯化苦、二溴乙

鹵代烷類熏蒸殺蟲劑致癌、致畸、高毒

烷、丁醚脲

砷類、甲基砷酸鋅（稻腳青）、甲基砷酸鈣（稻寧）、

有機(jī)砷殺菌劑高殘留、雜質(zhì)致癌

甲基砷酸鐵銨（田安）、福美甲砷、福美砷、退菌特

三苯基醋酸錫（薯瘟錫）、三苯基氯化錫、三苯基羥基錫（毒菌

有機(jī)錫殺菌劑高殘留、慢性毒性

錫）

有機(jī)汞殺菌劑汞制劑、氯化乙基汞（西力生）、醋酸苯汞（賽力散）劇毒、高殘留

五氯硝基苯、稻瘟醇（五氯苯甲醇）、稻豐散、托布津、

取代苯類殺菌劑致癌、高殘留、二次藥害

稻瘟靈、敵菌靈

人工合成殺菌劑敵枯雙殘留長

二、四-D類化合物除草劑或植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑、氟節(jié)胺、抑芽唑、雜質(zhì)致癌、漂移藥害

氰戊菊酯、甲氰菊酯、溴螨酯、胺菊酯、丙烯菊酯、四溴菊酯、

擬除蟲菊酯類使用不當(dāng)殘留超標(biāo)

氟氰戊菊酯

甘氟、氟乙酰胺、氟乙酸鈉、毒鼠強(qiáng)、滅銹胺、敵磺鈉、有效

有機(jī)化合物劇毒、高毒

霉素、雙胍辛胺、惡霜靈

植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑有機(jī)合成的植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑和丁酰肼致畸形

各類除草劑如除草醚、氯磺隆、甲磺隆、百草枯、草甘膦、胺

苯磺隆、苯噻草胺、異丙甲草胺、撲草凈、丁草胺、烯禾啶、

除草劑殘留導(dǎo)致藥害

吡氟禾草靈、喹禾靈、氟磺胺草醚、野草枯、銹滅凈、乙羧氟

草醚

12

DB43/T2380—2022

附錄E

（規(guī)范性）

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表見表E.1和E.2。

E.1藥劑使用記載檔案

種植

面積（畝）品種及來源

區(qū)域

害蟲施藥日期藥劑名稱及有效農(nóng)藥登生產(chǎn)施用方式

序號效果記載人

（病害）（月日）成分含量記號廠家及濃度

1

2

?

注1：根據(jù)農(nóng)藥使用順序逐項(xiàng)記載

注2：用量為每畝用量，農(nóng)藥計(jì)量單位用毫升（ml）或克（g）

E.2投入品登記檔案

種植區(qū)域面積（畝）品種及來源

使用日期

序號品名劑型生產(chǎn)廠家用量記載人備注

（月日）

1

2

?

注1：根據(jù)投入品使用順序逐項(xiàng)記載

注2：用量為每畝用量，農(nóng)藥計(jì)量單位用毫升（ml）或克（g），化肥計(jì)量單位用公斤（kg）

13

DB43/T2380—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

3.1綠色防控···········································································································1

3.2植物免疫誘抗劑·································································································1

4防控原則···············································································································1

5防控對象···············································································································1

5.1病害···············································································································1

5.2蟲害···············································································································2

6農(nóng)業(yè)防治···············································································································2

6.1選用良種·········································································································2

6.2病株移除·········································································································2

6.3機(jī)械深翻·········································································································2

6.4合理施肥·········································································································2

7理化誘殺···············································································································2

7.1燈光誘殺·········································································································2

7.2黃板誘殺·········································································································2

7.3性信息素誘殺···································································································2

8生物防治···············································································································2

8.1天敵利用·········································································································2

8.2生物農(nóng)藥利用···································································································2

9化學(xué)防治···············································································································3

10生產(chǎn)檔案·······························································································