【魯濱遜漂流記中魯濱遜的人物性格探析（英文）（論文）】

《魯濱遜漂流記》中魯濱遜的人物性格分析摘要《魯濱遜漂流記》是英國作家笛福的代表作品，關(guān)鍵詞：《魯濱遜漂流記》；魯濱遜；人物性格TableofContents15017摘要 .LiteratureReviewScholarsathomeandabroadhasstudiedthecharacterofRobinsonCrusoe.Foralongtime,thefamousforeignscholarGoethethinksthatthestoryofRobinsonCrusoetellsustoviewthegainsandlossesoflifecorrectlyandembracelifewithagratefulheart.Inaddition,ChinesescholarsLiChangxiaandTangChunzhenanalyzesthecharacterofRobinson.LiChangxiahaspublishedapaperonthepersonalityanalysisandpracticalsignificanceoftheprotagonistofRobinsonCrusoe(LiChangxia：2014).SheputsforwardthatRobinsonhasthespiritofadventuregivenbythetimes,thespiritofunremittingpursuit,thespiritofinnovation,thespiritofoptimismnotafraidofdifficulties,thespiritofheavyemotionandheavyjustice,andthespiritofgratitude.Thesegreatspiritsreflectthebrilliantspiritualcultureofhumanbeings,whichbroadenpeople'shorizonsandmakepeople'sheartsdeeplyshocked.Robinson’scharacterinspirescountlesspeopleintroubletosummonupcouragetocheerup,sothatcountlesspeoplenolongerlosetheirwayback.Withhisextraordinaryperseverance,hebecomesaheroadmiredbypeople.AnotherpointfromTangChunzhen,whichanalyzestheprotagonistinRobinsonCrusoe'spersonalityprofilingandrealisticmeaninginterpretation(TangChunzhen:2014).ShepointsoutthatRobinsonhasbrilliantcharacteristics.Shealsothinksthatpeopleundertheinfluenceofthesequalities,insistonhisownideal,havepursuitinprosperity,surviveinadversity,thereisabreakthroughintheinsipid,thereisastickinthesetbacks.ScholarsathomeandabroadpraiseRobinson'scharacter.Wecanseealotofgoodthingsinhim.However,duetotheinfluenceofthecapitalistsocialenvironmentatthattime,therearealsomanyprobiemsinhischaracter,suchashismoneyworship,exploitationandcolonization,aswellashischaracteristicsofselfishness,vanityandhypocrisy.Startingfromtwoaspects,thispaperanalyzethecharacterofRobinsontomakereadershaveacomprehensiveunderstanding.3.Crusoe'spositivespirit3.1Robinson'sadventurousspiritIntheeraofRobinson'slife,theindustrialrevolutionbroughtalotofwealthandoverseastradecameinanendlessstream.BeforeRobinsonlivedinthedesertisland,heusedtobeamerchantengagedinoverseastradeandplantation.Hecouldeasilytastethesweetnessoflifewithoutworking.Buthewasnotsatisfiedwiththiskindoflife,andyearnedfortheoutsideworld.Afterlivedinthedesertisland,hedidnotgetdepressed,butmoreactivelyfoughtagainstnatureandusedhiscreativelabortodevelopthedesertisland.Robinson'sspiritofadventureistherealreflectionofthecapitalistsociety,andalsoreflectsthespiritoftheindustrialrevolutionatthattime,withtypicalcharacteristicsofthetimes(YangDaliang&ZhangFaxiang：2009).Hisspiritofadventureisworthlearningforus.Althoughadventurehasgreatrisks,itwillmakeourlifemoreinterestingandwonderful.3.2Robinson'soptimismOnthedesertedisland,Robinsonisnotdiscouraged,butfirmlybelievedthathewouldbeabletocreateanewworld.Althoughmanythingshedidwerefutile,healwayssummedupexperienceandlessonscalmly,facedtherealitybravely,changedthestatusquoandnevergaveup.ItwasRobinson'soptimismthatshowedhissuperabilitytoresistpressureandhelpedhimthroughthehardestyearsonthedesertislandandrebornhim.Robinson'soptimismwillmakeusfullofhopeandfaithinthefaceofdifficultiesordesperatecircumstances.3.3Robinson'sspiritofInnovationUnderallkindsofdifficultconditions,heactivelycreateddailynecessities,createdgardensanddevelopedproductionthroughwisdomandlabor.Heovercametheunimaginabledifficultiesofordinarypeoplewithindomitableperseverance,pioneeringandinnovativespirit.Robinson'sattitudeandconfidenceinthepursuitoflifeinadesperateenvironmentwithoutfoodandhousingwasworthinglearningforus.Throughwisdomandhardwork,Robinsonnotonlydidn'tretreat,butalsocreateddailynecessities,suchastablesandchairs,potterycans,flour,homemaderaisins,captivegoats,milletandsoon,whichfullyembodieshisinnovativespirit.Hewarnspeoplenomatterhowdifficultandhardthelifeis,aslongasweareactiveandinnovative,thingswillbesolvedeasily.3.4Robinson'sgratitudeAlthoughthedesertislandbroughtsufferinganddespairtoRobinson,heinsistedonreadingtheBibleeveryday,anddidnotcomplainabouttheinjusticeanddifficultiesoflife.Whenhewasrescuedandreturnedhome,healsobroughtfoodanddailynecessitiestotheresidentsoftheisland,whichreflectedhisgratitude.Theauthorthinksinlife,peoplealsolearntoRobinson'sspiritofgratitude,gratitudefortheparents'upbringing,gratitudefortheteachers'education,thankstofriends,thankstolife.Duetotheaccidentofshipwreck,Robinsonhasbeenlivingonadesertislandfor28years.Inthedesertisland,hedidnotgiveuptolife,butactivelytofaceallthesehappened.Nomatterwhen,hiscouragetofaceadventure,positiveandoptimistic,makingdailynecessitiesandthespiritofgratitude,arealwaysvaluablequalitiesthatweshouldlearnfrom.AndthepositivespiritofRobinsonandtheauthorDefoe'slifeexperienceisinseparable.Defoewasborninalower-middleclassfamilyinLondon,England.TherestlessDefoewentagainsthisfather'swishtomakehimasmallbossandchosetoseekwealthinbusiness.Whenhewasmorethan20yearsold,heearnedalotofwealth,alsohadtheadventureofsailingbetweenthemainlandcountries,showingthenewbourgeoisieabundantvitalityandadventurousenterprisingspirit.AsabourgeoisthinkeroftheEnlightenmentandtherisingperiod,healwaysfirmlybelievedhisownsocialandpoliticalideals,andhisworldoutlookhaddistinctivecharacteristicsofthattime.Inthisway,in1719,DefoefinishedhismostfamousworkRobinsonCrusoebasedonthepersonalexperienceofaScottishsailorAlexander,andpouredhisyearsofseaexperienceandexperienceintothehero.Hemadefulluseofhisrichimaginationforliteraryprocessing,whichmade"Robinsononthedesertisland"becamethefirstidealizednewimageinwesternliteratureatthattime.TheexperienceoftheprotagonistRobinsonhasthebrandofthattimes,depictingsuchavividimage,andhisownexperienceiscompletelyinseparable.Ontheotherhand,Robinsonhasthespiritofadventure,optimism,innovativespirit,istheembodimentofDefoe.

Crusoe'snegativecharacter4.1TheimageofmoneyworshipInthenovel,Robinson’scharactersareinfluenceddeeplybycapitalism.Tosumextent,heisamoneyworshiper.Hewasanexploiterandcolonizerbeforearrivingatthedesertedisland,andhewenttoAfricatosellslaves,andventuredmanytimestogooverseastodobusinesstoobtainhighprofits.Everythinghedidwasformoney,forprofit,whichwaspeopleyearnedforintheera.Heregardeddesertislandashispropertyandtriedtotransformhishome,andwhenhisagenttoldhimhewouldhavealotofmoney,heevensaidthathebelievedthissuddensurprisewouldmadehimlosehismindandkilledonthespot,whichreflectedhisgoldworshipimage.Andthiskindofmoneyworshipisundesirableinourmodernsociety.Weallknowthatmoneycannotbuyhappiness.Ifapersononlyhasmoneyinhiseyesandisfullofindifference,sohewillnotbehappy.Wemustproperlymaintainthebalancebetweenmoneyandhappiness,andlearntobesatisfied.4.2TheimageofexploiterandcolonistWhenRobinsonlivesinthedesertisland,hispossessionconsciousnessrosespontaneously,allthesewerehisownnow.Heusedtheislandashis“l(fā)ittlekingdom”.Intheprocessofexploringandoccupyingthedesertisland,hethoughtthathealreadyhadresidentsontheisland,andhealreadyhadalotofpeople.Hewasthekinghere.Inthefirstplace,thewholeislandwashispersonalproperty,becausehehadaterritorialrightthatwasunquestionable.Second,allhispeoplearecompletelyobedienttohim.Hewastheirrulerandlawgiver.Fouryearslater,hemet“Friday’’andtraineditasaservantthroughviolence.Afteralongadjustmentto“Friday”,“Friday’’completelylostitsnationalcultureandcompletelysurrenderedtoRobinson.AtthesightofRobinson,“Friday’’boweddownandwascompletelyobedient,whichwasRobinson'scolonialimage(SongHutang:2014).Topreservehisdominanceonthedesertisland,hewantonlyslaughteredtheoriginalindigenouspeopleonthedesertislandwithouthumanity.Althoughhesavedthe“Friday’’,whichwasabouttobeeatenbythecannibals,hecivilised“Friday’’withculturetomakehimthatthemaster'swordswerealwaysright.ButitwasnotRobinson'sintention,buthesawthevalueof“Friday’’labor,andhewantedtocompletelyconvert“Friday’’asaloyalslave(LiJinghui：2014).Also,whenanEnglishshiparrivedattheisland,heimmediatelyorganizedadefenseoftheisland.Whenthesailorsrebelledagainstthecaptain,hemadetwoconditionsbeforeagreeingtohelphimsubduethemutiny.Hesaid,theymustnotinfringeuponhissovereigntyovertheislandwhiletheyremainonitfirstly.Atthesametime,theymustbecompletelyunderhiscontrol.Second,incasetheshipwasrecaptured,theymustbringhimandhismenbacktoEnglandfreeofcharge.Whenhewaslivingonadesertislandandbegantoexploretheislandforpossession,hethoughtthattheresidentsontheislandwereallhissubjectsandhewastheking.Hetrained“Friday’’tobehismostfaithfulservantandtoworkforhim,andbytheend“Friday’’hadforgottenhisoriginallanguageandculture.Heregardedthedesertislandashisterritory,seizedotherpeople'sthingsforhisown.Whenashippassedthroughthedesertisland,healsoorganizedpersonneltoguardagainstoccupationandaggression.Bynow,Robinsonhasbecomearealoverseascolonistandexploiter.4.3TheimagesofSelfishness,vanityandhypocrisyInRobinson,wecanalsoseehisselfishness,vanityandhypocrisy.Bornintoawealthyfamily,hecouldhavemaintainedhiswealthbyplanting,buthedreamedofmorewealthfaraway.Inthefirstvoyage,hedidnoteventellhisparentsabouthiswhereabouts.Hewasnotmovedbyhisfather'sadvice,norwasheaffectedbyhismother'sangerandsadness,aimingattheopportunity,toleavehisparentswithoutsayinggoodbye,leavinghome,fromnowonsetfootontheroadfullofdifficultiesandchallenges.Hisapproachistypicalselfishforhisfamily,especiallyforhiselderlyparents.Heproclaimedhissovereigntyoverthedesertislandonhisowninitiative,andcalledhimself“l(fā)ord’’and“king’’toenjoyhisvanity,andteached“Friday’’tosaythefirstwordismaster,andrequiredhimtobeabsolutelyloyalandobedienttoRobinsonhimself,andjustifiablyregardedthedesertislandashisrightofownership.ThiscanbeareminderofRobinson'svanity.Afterlivingtheisland,hefoundonlyoldcaptainhelpedhim.Whenhelistenedtotheoldman'spainfulexperience,Robinsonlefttearsinhiseyes.Whenhecried,heaskedoldcaptainwhetherhecouldcomeupwithsomuchmoneyatthattimeinhiscurrentsituation,andwhetheritwouldmakehimnervous.Atthattime,theoldcaptainwasalreadyinadesperatesituation,andRobinsonstillsaidthis,whichreflectedhishypocriticalcharacter.Hisdevelopmentonthedesertislandwasachievedbybuyingandsellingpeopleatfirstsell“Julie’’togetmoney,then“Friday’’asaslave.ThesepeoplewereRobinson’strustworthyanddependentpeopleonthedesertisland.Buthechosetolosemoralitybysellingthemformoneyandforprofit，whichmorereflectedhishypocriticalcharacter(HeYang：2015).AllthesewerecloselyrelatedtothesocialsituationoftheBritishstateatthattime.Britaininthe18thcenturyhassuccessfullyestablisheditspositionasamaritimeandcolonialhegemon.Atthattime,thebourgeoisrevolutionenteredthestageofindustrialrevolution,whichacceleratedBritain'soverseascolonizationandmaritimetradeactivities.AftertheinfluenceoftheRenaissanceandtheEnlightenment,people’svalueshaveundergonegreatchanges,thatwas,peopleshouldworkhardfortheappreciationofpersonalmaterialwealth,begoodatmanagement,hadthecouragetotakerisks,andhadapioneeringspirit.Therefore,intheliterarycreation,therewerealsorelatedtothishistoricalperiod,suchasmaritimeexploration,shipwreckevents.Hence,becausethesailingeventsofexploration,shipwreckevaluationaboutbourgeoispreyedtomoreandmorepeople.AfterencounteringdangerRobinsonstillretainstheidea,asthetypicalimageofmoneyworship,wasacompletesenseofexploitersandcolonists.Hebecameselfishvanityandhypocrisy,wasundertheinfluenceofthesocialbourgeoisdistinctivefeatures.Fromthispointofview,DefoeendowsRobinsonwiththepositivespiritofadventure,innovation,optimismandgrateful.Robinson'spositivespiritisworthyofaffirmation.Heaskedusnottoflinchwhenfacinganydifficulties,buttobepositiveandoptimistictocreatelivingconditions.Atthesametime,weshouldbegrateful.Weshouldthankallthedifficultieswemetontheroadofgrowth,andalsothankallthepeoplewhohelpedus.Ontheotherhand,undertheinfluenceofcapitalism,Robinsonalsohasatypicalimageofmoneyworship,selfishness,vanityandhypocrisy,andisaworthyexploiterandcolonist.ButWecannotlearnfromthesenegativecharacteristicsofRobinson.Inlife,weshouldlearntoshare,knowhowtobegratefultoourparents.Toacceptownordinaryandmediocre,notblindlywhimsical.Tobekindtoothers,nottotakeadvantageofpeople'stroubles,totreateveryonewithtolerance.5.TheRealisticSignificanceofRobinsonCrusoe5.1InthefaceofadversityInmodernsociety,ourmateriallivingconditionsaregettingbetterandbetter,butduetomanypeoplehavenotexperiencedgreatsetbacks,theirpsychologicaltoleranceisveryfragile.Nowadays,evenwithsomesmallsetbacks,manypeoplewillfindithardtosurvive,othersdon'twanttotakeexerciseandliveinthegreenhouseallthetime,sotheyarealwayssatisfiedwiththecurrentsituation.Somepeoplesurvivethetest,butwhentheygetwhattheywant,theybecomemoreandmorearrogant.FewpeopleareasfearlessinthefaceofadversityasRobinson.Aftertheexiletotheisland,Robinsondidnotgiveup,butpositiveandoptimistictofacethedifficulties(YuXiujuan：2013).Thisspiritisworthlearningfrom.Inthefaceofadversity,peopleshouldbepositive,optimisticandcalm.Peopleshouldregardadversityasthedrivingforceoflifeandbelievethatabrightfutureiswaitingforus.5.2FollowyourdreamsandnevergiveupDreamisourforwarddirectionandpower,becauseofitsexistence,people’slifeismoremeaningful.Themeaningoflifeistomakepeople’sdreamscometrue.However,therearemanypeoplewhofacetheinjusticeoffate,treatnegatively,andfinallyhavetheirdreamsshattered.Weallknowthattheprocessofrealizingadreamitselfisneversmoothsailing,onlythosewhopursuetheirdreamsandnevergiveuphaveachancetoachievesuccess.Thosewhodon'tcompromisewhenthingsgettoughfailoverandoveragain.PeoplewanttolearnthespiritofRobinson'sunremittingpursuitofdreams,althoughcountlesstimesinthefaceofdarknessonthedesertisland,henevergivesuphisdream.Finally,withhiswisdomandpersistence,hesuccessfullyreturnedtohishometown.Therefore,whenpeoplemeetdifficultiesandsetbacksontheroadtopursueourdreams,weshouldnotbedisheartened,buttopursueourdreamsasfirmlyasRobinson,nevergiveup.5.3FacetherealityandcomedowntoearthIntheprocessoflife,wehavetofacerealityandkeepourfeetontheground.Onlybyplayingsteadilyandsteadilycanwesucceed.Nowadays,manypeoplefantasizeaboutgainingwithouttakingaction,andonlyregretitintheend.Inthisimpetuoussociety,peopleshouldsinktheirheartstolearnRobinson’sspiritofstrivingtofacethereality,andactivelycreatelifeandchangethestatusquo.Onthedesertisland,Robinsonwasabletofacereality,freehimselffromthetragicsituation,andfinallyescaped.Hereliesonhisownhandstoactivelychange.Wheninadversity,peopleshouldlearntofacereality,givefullplaytooursubjectiveinitiativeandmakefulluseofobjectiveconditions,anddoeverythingdown-to-earth.Don'tbeavisionary,onlydoanactor.Onlyinthiswaycanadversityturnintoprosperityandlifewillgosmootherandsmoother.5.4KeepordinaryandcontentBornasahumanbeing,peoplealwaysliveinaworldfulloftemptations.Peoplealwayscan'thelpbutbecurioustoexploretheunknownterritory.However,theseunchartedterritorycanbebothgoodandbad,somanypeoplebecomegreedyandgoastray.Robinsonlivedintheeraofoverseasexpansion,everyonewantedtoobtaingreatwealth,sotheyoftendonothesitatetorisk,adheretotheprofitoftheseaexploration.ThisobviouslyexposestheclasscharacteristicsofRobinson'sutilitarianism.Althoughtheadventurousspiritispraiseworthy,thisurgentpursuitofmoneyoftenbackfires.WecannotbelikeRobinsontomaintaintheirownimageofcolonialists,exploitationandcontroltheirownterritory,cannotbearrogant.Weshouldremainordinary,careabouthumanaffection,sticktoourtruenature,andlearntoreleaseournature,insteadofadvocatingthesupremacyofmoneyandpursuingmoneyallourlifelikehim.Knowinghowtobecontent,howtobesatisfied,livethelifeyouwanttolive,createyourownachievementsinyourownfield,andbeabletosumupyourlifewithaclearconscienceandhappiness(GuoGe：2016).Inaword,Robinson’spositivespiritgivesusalotofinspiration.Inthefaceofadversity,heknowsthatlossisalsoakindofgain.Heconstantlymakesplansforthefuture,hasplansandarrangementsforeverything,andnevergivesupthehopeofbeingrescued.Peopleshouldactivelylearnhiscouragetofacelife,adjustagoodstateofmind,activelymakeplansforthefuture,haveaplantoarrangelife,andbegoodatfindingandcreatinginadversity,nevergiveupthehopeofgoingoutofadversity,tenaciouslyfightagainstadversity,socreateourownwonderfullife.However,peoplestillhavetotreatthecharacterofRobinsonrationally.Heisatypicalmoneyworshipperandanakedexploiterandcolonist.Ofcourse,thishasalottodowiththattimeshelivesin.Inaddition,Robinsonalsohastheshortcomingsofhumancharacter.Heisselfish,vainandhypocritical,isanimmoralperson,thisiswhereweshouldreferencefrom,notblindlylearning,butdialecticallylookatthepowerbroughtbyRobinsontous,todoifthereischange,encourage".6.ConclusionInRobinsonCrusoe,theEnglishwriterDefoecreatedaheroicfigurewhowasbraveintakingrisks,anxiousaboutthestatusquo,perseveringinthefaceofdifficulties,positiveandoptimistic,confidentandinnovative.Robinsonlivedonthedesertislandfor28years.Withhisownhandsandstrongfaith,hesublimatedhispersonalitystepbystepwiththesupportofoptimisticfaith,andfinallyreturnedtohishometownandachievedsuccess.However,thereisnodenyingthathehasthebadnaturebroughttohimbythecapitalistsociety.Hehasthetypicalimageofmoneyworship,