2024年大學英語六級真題試卷A卷

年6月大學英語六級真題試卷(A卷)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOntheImportanceofaName.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.有人說名字或名稱很重要2.也有人覺得名字或名稱無關緊要3.我認為OntheImportanceofaNamePartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HelicopterMomsvs.Free-RangeKidsWouldyouletyourfourth-graderridepublictransportationwithoutanadult?Probablynot.Still,whenLenoreSkenazy,acolumnistfortheNewYorkSun,wroteaboutlettinghersontakethesubwayalonetogetbacktoherManhattanhomefromadepartmentstoreontheUpperEastSide,shedidn’texpecttogethitwithawaveofcriticismfromreaders.“Longstoryshort:Mysongothome,overjoyedwithindependence,”SkenazywroteonApril4intheNewYorkSun.“Longstorylonger:HalfthepeopleI’vetoldthisepisodetonowwanttoturnoninforchildabuse.Asifkeepingkidsunderlockandkeyandcellphoneandcarefulwatchistherightwaytorearkids.It’snot.It’sdebilitating(使虛弱)—forusandforthem.”O(jiān)nlinemessageboardsweresoonfullofpeoplebothapplaudingandcondemningSkenazy’sdecisiontolethersongoitalone.ShewoundupdefendingherselfonCNN(accompaniedbyherson)andonpopularblogsliketheBuffingtonPost,whereherfollow-uppiecewasironicallyheadlined“MoreFromAmerica’sWorstMom.”Theepisodehasignitedanotheroneofthosedebatesthatdividesparentsintovocalopposingcamps.AreModernparentsneedlesslyoverprotective,oristheworldamorecomplicatedanddangerousplacethanitwaswhenpreviousgenerationswereallowedtowanderaboutunsupervised?Fromthe“she’sanirresponsiblemother”campcame:“Shameonyouforbeingsocarelessabouthissafety,”inCommentsontheBuffingtonPost.Andtherewasthisfromamotheroffour:“Howwouldyouhavefeltifhedidn’tcomehome?”ButSkenazygotalotofsupport,too,withwomenandmenwritinginwithstoriesabouthowtheywereallowedtotaketripsallbythemselvesatsevenoreight.Shealsogotheapsofpraiseforbuckingthe“helicopterparent”trend:“GoodforthisMom,”onecommenterwroteontheBuffingtonPost.“Thisisamuch-neededrealitycheck.”Lastweek,encouragedbyalltheattention,Skenazystartedherownblog—FreeRange,kids—promotingtheideathatmodernchildrenneedsomeofthesameindependencethathergenerationhad.Inthegoodolddaysnine-year-oldbabyboomersrodetheirbikestoschool,walkedtothestore,tookbuses—andevensubways—allbythemselves.Herblog,shesays,isdedicatedtosensibleparenting.“AtFreeRangeKids,webelieveinsafekids.Webelieveincarseatsandsafetybelts.WedoNOTbelievethateverytimeschool-agechildrengooutside,theyneedasecurityguard.”Sowhyaresomeparentssonervousaboutlettingtheirchildrenoutoftheirsight?Arecitiesandtownslesssafeandkidsmorevulnerabletocrimeslikechildkidnapandsexualabusethantheywereinpreviousgenerations?Notexactly.NewYorkCity,forinstance,issaferthanit’severbeen;it’sranked36thincrimeamongallAmericancities.Nationwide,stringerkidnapsareextremelyrare;there’saone-in-a-millionchanceachildwillbetakenbyastranger,accordingtotheJusticeDepartment.And90percentofsexualabusecasesarecommittedbysomeonethechildknows.Mortalityratesfromallcauses,includingdiseaseandaccidents,forAmericanchildrenarelowernowthantheywere25years’ago.AccordingtoChildTrends,anonprofitresearchgroup,between1980anddeathratesdroppedby44percentforchildrenaged5to14and32percentforteensaged15to19.Thenthere’sthewholequestionofwhethermodernparentsaremorewatchfulandnervousaboutsafetythanpreviousgenerations.Yes,someare.PartoftheproblemisthatwithwalltowallInternetandcablenews,everymissingchildcasegetssomuchairtimethatit’snotsurprisingevennormalparentalanxietycanbeamplified.Andmanymiddle-classparentshavegottenusedtomanagingtheirchildren’stimeandshuttlingthemtovariousenrichingactivities,sotheideaoflettingthemoutontheirowncanseemlikearisk.Backin1972,whenmanyoftoday’sparentswerekids,87percentofchildrenwholivedwithinamileofschoolwalkedorbikedeveryday.Buttoday,theCentersforDiseaseControlreportthatonly13percentofchildrenbike,walkorotherwisetthemselvestoschool.Theextrasupervisionisbothacityandasuburbphenomenon.Parentsareworriedaboutcrime,andtheyareworriedaboutkidsgettingcaughtintrafficinacitythat’snotusedtopedestrians.Ontheotherhand,therearestillplentyofkidswhoseparentsgivethemalotofindependence,bychoiceorbynecessity.TheAfterSchoolAlliancefindsthatmorethan14millionkidsaged5to17areresponsiblefortakingcareofthemselvesafterschool.Only6.5millionkidsparticipateinorganizedprograms.“Manychildrenwhohaveworkingparentshavetotakethesubwayorbustogettoschool.Manydothisbythemselvesbecausetheyhavenootherwaytogettotheschools,”saysDr.RichardGallagher,directoroftheParentingInstituteattheNewYorkUniversityChildStudyCenter.Forthoseparentswhowonderhowandwhentheyshouldstartallowingtheirkidsmorefreedom,there’snoclear-cutanswer.Childexpertsdiscourageaone-size-fits-allapproachtoparenting.What’srightforSkenazy’snine-year-oldcouldbeinappropriateforanotherone.Italldependsondevelopmentalissue,maturity,andthepsychologicalandemotionalmakeupofthatchild.Severalfactorsmustbetakenintoaccount,saysGallagher.“Theabilitytofollowparentguidelines,thechild’slevelofcomfortinhandlingsuchsituations,andachild’sgeneraljudgmentshouldbeweighed.”GallagheragreeswithSkenazythatmanynine-year-oldsarereadyforindependenceliketakingpublictransportationalone.“Atcertaintimesoftheday,oncertainroutes,thesubwaysaregenerallysafeforthesechildren,especiallyiftheyhavegrownupinthecityandhavebeentaughthowtobesafe,howtoobtainhelpiftheyareconcernedfortheirsafety,andhowtoavoidunsafesituationsbybeingwatchfulandontheirtoes.”Butevenwithmoretrafficandfewersidewalks,modernparentsdohaveoneadvantagetheirparentsdidn’t:thecellphone.Beingabletocheckinwithachildanytimegoesalongwaytowardrelievingparentalanxietyandmayhelpparentsloosentheircontrolalittlesooner.Skenazygotalotofcriticismbecauseshedidn’tgiveherkidhercellphonebecauseshethoughthe’dloseitandwantedhimtolearntogoitalonewithoutdependingonmom—amajorprincipleoffree-rangeparenting.Butmostparentsaremorethanhappytousecellphonestokeeptrackoftheirkids.Andforthosewholiketheideaoffree-rangekidsbutstillstrugglewiththeirinnerhelicopterparent,theremaybeamiddleway.AnewgenerationofGPScellphoneswithtrackingsoftwaremakeiteasierthanevertofollowachild’severymovementviatheInternet—withoutseemingtointerfereorhover.Ofcourse,whentheygotocollege,theymightstartobjectingtobeingmonitoredasthey’reonparole(假釋).注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。1.WhenLenoreSkenazy’ssonwasallowedtotakethesubwayalone,he.A)wasafraidthathemightgetlostB)enjoyedhavingtheindependenceC)wasonlytoopleasedtotaketheriskD)thoughthewasanexceptionalchild2.LenoreSkenazybelievesthatkeepingkidsundercarefulwatchA)hinderstheirhealthygrowthB)addstoomuchtoparents’expensesC)showstraditionalparentalcautionD)bucksthelatestparentingtrend3.Skenazy’sdecisiontolethersontaketheSubwayalonehasnetwith.A)oppositionfromherownfamilyB)shareparentingexperienceC)fightagainstchildabuseD)protectchildren’srights4.Skenazystartedherownblogto.A)promotesensibleparentingB)shareparentingexperienceC)fightagainstchildabuseD)protectchildren’srights5.Accordingtotheauthor,NewYorkCity.A)rankshighinroadaccidentsB)ismuchsafethanbeforeC)rankslowinchildmortalityratesD)islessdangerousthansmallcities6.Parentstodayaremorenervousabouttheirkids’safetythanpreviousgenerationsbecause.A)therearenowfewerchildreninthefamilyB)thenumberoftrafficaccidentshasbeenincreasingC)theirfearisamplifiedbymediaexposureofcrimeD)crimerateshavebeenontheriseovertheyears7.Accordingtochildexperts,howandwhenkidsmaybeallowedmorefreedomdependson.A)thetraditionsandcustomsofthecommunityB)thesafetyconditionsoftheirneighborhoodC)theirparents’psychologicalmakeupD)theirmaturityandpersonalqualities8.AccordingtoGallagherandSkenazy,childrenwhoarewatchfulwillbebetterabletostayawayfrom.9.Beingabletofindoutwhereachildisanytimehelpslessenparents’.10.NowadayswiththehelpofGPScellphones,parentscan,fromadistance,tracktheirchildren’s.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatsaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。11.A)Fredforgottocallhimlastnightaboutthecampingtrip.B)HeisnotgoingtolendhissleepingbagtoFred.C)HehasnotseenFredatthegymforsometime.D)Fredmayhaveborrowedasleepingbagfromsomeoneelse.12.A)Summerhasbecomehotterinrecentyears.B)Itwillcooldownabitovertheweekend.C)Swimminginapoolhasarelaxingeffect.D)Hehopestheweatherforecastisaccurate.13.A)TakingapictureofProf.Brown.B)Commentingonanoil-painting.C)HostingaTVprogram.D)Stagingaperformance.14.A)Shecanhelpthemantakecareoftheplants.B)Mostplantsgrowbetterindirectsunlight.C)Theplantsneedtobewateredfrequently.D)Theplantsshouldbeplacedinashadyspot.15.A)Changetoamoreexcitingchannel.B)Seethemoviesomeothertime.C)Gotobedearly.D)Stayuptilleleven.16.A)Bothofthemarelaymenofmodernart.B)Shehasbeamedtoappreciatemodemsculptures.C)Italianartists’worksaredifficulttounderstand.D)Modernartistsaregenerallyconsideredweird.17.A)Theyseemsatisfiedwithwhattheyhavedone.B)Theyhavecalledallclubmemberstocontribute.C)Theythinkthedaycanbecalledamemorableone.D)Theyfindithardtoraisemoneyforthehospital.18.A)Themanshouldn’thesitatetotakethecourse.B)Themanshouldtalkwiththeprofessorfirst.C)Thecourseisn’topentoundergraduates.D)Thecoursewillrequirealotofreading.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Currenttrendsineconomicdevelopment.B)Domesticissuesofgeneralsocialconcern.C)StoriesaboutBritain’srelationswithothernations.D)Conflictsandcompromisesamongpoliticalparties.20.A)Basedonthepollofpublicopinions.B)Byinterviewingpeoplewhofilecomplaints.C)Byanalyzingthedomesticandinternationalsituation.D)Basedonpublicexpectationsandeditors’judgment.21.A)Underlyingrulesofediting.B)Practicalexperience.C)Audience’sfeedback.D)Professionalqualifications.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.A)Theaveragelifespanwaslessthan50years.B)Itwasverycommonforthemtohave12children.C)Theyretiredfromworkmuchearlierthantoday.D)Theywerequiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.23.A)Getreadyforecologicalchanges.B)Adapttothenewenvironment.C)Learntousenewtechnology.D)Explorewaystostayyoung.24.A)Whenallwomengoouttowork.B)Whenfamilyplanningisenforced..C)Whenaworldgovernmentissetup.D)Whenallpeoplebecomewealthier.25.A)Eliminatepovertyandinjustice.B)Migratetootherplanets.C)Controltheenvironment.D)Findinexhaustibleresources.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicemarkedA)B)C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Tohelpyoungpeopleimprovetheirdrivingskills.B)Toalertteenagerstothedangersofrecklessdriving.C)Toteachyoungpeopleroadmannersthroughvideotapes.D)Toshowteensthepenaltiesimposedoncarelessdrivers.27.A)Roadaccidents.B)Streetviolence.C)Drugabuse.D)Lungcancer.28.A)Ithaschangedteens’wayoflife.B)Ithasmadeteensfeellikeadults.C)Ithasaccomplisheditsobjective.D)Ithasbeensupportedbyparents.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Customersmaygetaddictedtothesmells.B)Customersmaybemisledbythesmells.C)Ithidesthedefectsofcertaingoods.D)Itgivesrisetounfaircompetition.30.A)Flexible.B)Critical.C)Supportive.D)Cautious.31.A)Theflowerscentstimulatedpeople’sdesiretobuy.B)Strongersmellshadgreatereffectsonconsumers.C)Mostshoppershatedthesmalltheshoestore.D)84%ofthecustomerswereunawareofthesmells.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32.A)Agoodstrainhitabuscarryingmanypassengers.B)Twopassengertrainscrashedintoeachother.C)Apassengertraincollidedwithagoodstrain.D)Anexpresstrainwasderailedwhenhitbyabomb.33.A)Therescueoperationshavenotbeenveryeffective.B)Morethan300injuredpassengerswerehospitalized.C)Thecauseofthetragicaccidentremainsunknown.D)Theexactcasualtyfiguresarenotyetavailable.34.A)Therewasabombscare.B)Therewasaterroristattack.C)Afirealarmwassetoffbymistake.D)50poundsofexplosiveswerefound.35.A)Followpolicemen’sdirections.B)Keepaneyeontheweather.C)Avoidsnow-coveredroads.D)Drivewithspecialcare.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。Englishistheleadinginternationallanguage.Indifferentcountriesaroundtheglobe,Englishisacquiredasthemother(36)________,inothersit’susedasasecondlanguage.SomenationsuseEnglishastheir(37)________language,performingthefunctionof(38)________;inothersit’susedasaninternationallanguageforbusiness,(39)________andindustry.Whatfactorsandforceshaveledtothe(40)________ofEnglish?WhyisEnglishnowconsideredtobesoprestigiousthat,acrosstheglobe,individualsandsocietiesfeel(41)________iftheydonothave(42)________inthislanguage?HowhasEnglishchangedthrough1,500Years?Thesearesomeofthequestionsthatyou(43)________whenyoustudyEnglish.YoualsoexaminetheimmensevariabilityofEnglishand(44)________.Youdevelopin-depthknowledgeoftheintricatestructureofthelanguage.Whydosomenon-nativespeakersofEnglishclaimthatit’sadifficultlanguagetolearn,while(45)________?AttheUniversityofSussex,youareintroducedtothenatureandgrammarofEnglishinallaspects.Thisinvolvesthestudyofsoundstructures,theformationofwords,thesequencingwordsandtheconstructionofmeaning,aswellasexaminationofthetheoriesexplainingtheseaspectsofEnglishusage.(46)________,whichareraisedbystudyinghowspeakersandwritersemployEnglishforawidevarietyofpurposes.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereisnothingnewaboutTVandfashionmagazinesgivinggirlsunhealthyideasabouthowthintheyneedtobeinordertobeconsideredbeautiful.WhatissurprisingisthemethodpsychologistsattheUniversityofTexashavecomeupwithtokeepgirlsfromdevelopingeatingdisorders.Theirmainweaponagainstsuperskinny(role)models:abrandofcivildisobediencedubbed“bodyactivism.”Since,morethan1,000highschoolandcollegestudentsintheU.S.haveparticipatedintheBodyProject,whichworksbygettinggirlstounderstandhowtheyhavebeenbuyingintothenotionthatyouhavetobethintobehappyorsuccessful.Aftercritiquing(評論)theso-calledthinidealbywritingessaysandrole-playingwiththeirpeers,participantsaredirectedtocomeupwithandexecutesmall,nonviolentacts.Theyincludeslippingnotessaying“Loveyourbodythewayitis”intodietingbooksatstoreslikeBordersandwritingletterstoMattel,makersoftheimpossiblyproportionedBarbiedoll.AccordingtoastudyinthelatestissueoftheJournalofConsultingandClinicalPsychology,theriskofdevelopingeatingdisorderswasreduced61%amongBodyProjectparticipants.Andtheycontinuedtoexhibitpositivebody-imageattitudesaslongasthreeyearsaftercompletingtheprogram,whichconsists,offourone-hoursessions.Suchlastingeffectsmaybeduetogirls’realizingnotonlyhowtheywerebeinginfluencedbutalsowhowasbenefitingfromthesocietalpressuretobethin.“Thesepeoplewhopromotetheperfectbodyreallydon’tcareaboutyouatall,”saysKelseyHertel,ahighschooljuniorandBodyProjectveteraninEugene,Oregon.“Theypurposefullymakeyoufeellikelessofapersonsoyou’llbuytheirstuffandthey’llmakemoney.”注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。47.Weredogirlsgetthenotionthattheyneedtobethininordertobeconsideredbeautiful?48.Bypromoting“bodyactivism,”UniversityofTexaspsychologistsaimtoprevent.49.Accordingtotheauthor,Mattel’sBarbiedollsare.50.ThepositiveeffectsoftheBodyProjectmaylastupto.51.OneBodyProjectparticipantsaysthattherealmotiveofthosewhopromotetheperfectbodyisto.SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtles(海龜)havestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlings(幼龜)downtothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendonland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendintheocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythethreatofrisingsealevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurs(恐龍)willmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。52.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.A)humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurviveB)effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingoutC)governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinctionD)marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?A)Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.B)Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.C)Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.D)Theturtlepopulationhasdecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.54.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?A)Theirinadequatefoodsupply.B)Unregulatedcommercialfishing.C)Theirlowerreproductivelyability.D)Contaminationofseawater55.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?A)Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.B)Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.C)Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.D)Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.56.Thelastsentenceofthepassageismeantto.A)persuadehumanbeingstoshowmoreaffectionforturtlesB)stressthateventhemostuglyspeciesshouldbeprotectedC)callforeffectivemeasurestoensureseaturtles’survivalD)warnourdescendantsabouttheextinctionofspeciesPassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Therearefewmoresoberingonlineactivitiesthanenteringdataintocollege-tuitioncalculatorsandgaspingastheWebspitsbackasix-figuresum.Buteconomistssayfamiliesabouttogointodebttofundfouryearsofpartying,aswellasstudying,canconsolethemselveswiththeknowledgethatcollegeisaninvestmentthat,unlikemanybankstocks,shouldyieldhugedividends.AstudybytwoHarvardeconomistsnotesthatthe“l(fā)abor-marketpremiumtoskill”—ortheamountcollegegraduatesearnedthat’sgreaterthanwhathigh-schoolgraduateearned—decreasedformuchofthe20thcentury,buthascomebackwithavengeance(報復性地)sincethe1980s.In,Thetypicalfull-timeyear-roundU.S.workerwithafour-yearcollegedegreeearned$50,900,62%morethanthe$31,500earnedbyaworkerwithonlyahigh-schooldiploma.There’snoquestionthatgoingtocollegeisasmarteconomicchoice.Butalookatthestrangevariationsintuitionrevealsthatthechoiceaboutwhichcollegetoattenddoesn’tcomedownmerelytodollarsandcents.DoesgoingtoColumbiaUniversity(tuition,roomandboard$49,260in-08)yielda40%greaterreturnthanattendingtheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderasanout-of-statestudent($35,542)?Probablynot.Doesbeinganout-of-statestudentattheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderyieldtwicetheamountofincomeasbeinganin-statestudent($17,380)there?Notlikely.No,inthisconsumeristage,mostbuyersaren’tevaluatingcollegeasaninvestment,butratherasaconsumerproduct—likeacarorclothesorahouse.Andwithsuchpurchases,priceisonlyoneofmanycrucialfactorstoconsider.Aswithautomobiles,consumersintoday’scollegemarketplacehavevastchoices,andpeoplesearchfortheonethatgivesthemthemostcomfortandsatisfactioninlinewiththeirbudgets.Thisaccountsforthewillingnessofpeopletopaymorefordifferenttypesofexperiences(suchasattendingaprivateliberal-artscollegeorgoingtoanout-of-statepublicschoolthathasagreatmarine-biologyprogram).Andjustastwoautopurchasersmightspendanequalamountofmoneyonverydifferentcars,collegestudents(or,moreaccurately,theirparents)oftenshowawillingnesstopayessentiallythesamepriceforvastlydifferentproducts.Sowhichisit?Iscollegeaninvestmentproductlikeastockoraconsumerproductlikeacar?Inkeepingwiththeautomotiveworld’shottestconsumertrend,maybeit’sbesttocharacterizeitasahybrid(混合動力汽車);anexpensiveconsumerproductthat,overtime,willpayrichdividends.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。57.What’stheopinionofeconomistsaboutgoingtocollege?A)Hugeamountsofmoneyisbeingwastedoncampussocializing.B)Itdoesn’tpaytorunintodebttoreceiveacollegeeducation.C)Collegeeducationisrewardinginspiteofthestartlingcosts.D)Goingtocollegedoesn’tnecessarilybringtheexpectedreturns.58.ThetwoHarvardeconomistsnoteintheirstudythat,formuchofthe20thcentury,.A)enrollmentkeptdecreasinginvirtuallyallAmericancollegesanduniversi