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專題04網(wǎng)讀理解七選五

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系,理解句子之間、段

落之間的關(guān)系,對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握,并具備運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析

理解長(zhǎng)難句的能力??梢哉f(shuō),此題型是對(duì)語(yǔ)言能力和閱讀理解能力的綜合測(cè)試。

(2023年新高考I卷)PersonalForgiveness

Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(3R錯(cuò))is

human.]Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading'"Personalstrengths.2Areyoucaring?

Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsof

yourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.

Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.^^Onthisone,listallthepositivethings

you'vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidthe

ironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.3

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.4Thatway,youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don't

waituntilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis-ifsagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.

Ifssomethingofacliche(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.The

thingis,it'strue.5We'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewayto

developandgrow.

A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.

B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.

C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.

D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhafshappenedorforgetit.

F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.

【答案】1.D2.B3.F4.C5.G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕,并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信。通

過(guò)列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為,人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤,并從中成長(zhǎng)。

1.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.To

err(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.(為錯(cuò)誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步,但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無(wú)過(guò)戶可知,作者認(rèn)為人

都會(huì)犯錯(cuò),勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要,但是也不要因此而過(guò)于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“Youcanusethefollowingwriting

exercisetohelpyoudothis.(你可以使用下面的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)來(lái)幫助你做到這一點(diǎn))”中的“dothis”以及下文內(nèi)容

可推斷,空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)D'lfsjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

(寬恕自己也同樣重要)”與“不要太自責(zé)''語(yǔ)意相近,起承上啟下的作用。故選D。

2.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading""Personalstrengths.(在日記或紙上寫(xiě)上

"個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?They

don'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.(你有愛(ài)心嗎?有倉(cāng)ll造力

嗎?你慷慨嗎?是一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者?與人相處很有趣嗎?它們不一定要改變世界,只要你個(gè)性中讓你感到

自豪的方面就行)“可知,空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulike

aboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn)廣符合上下文內(nèi)容,下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

故選B。

3.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.^^Onthisone,listallthepositive

thingsyou'vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudid

theironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.(在第二頁(yè)的頂

部,寫(xiě)上“善舉”的標(biāo)題。在這張單子上,列出你為別人做過(guò)的所有積極的事情。它可能是當(dāng)你幫助朋友做

作業(yè)的時(shí)候,當(dāng)你沒(méi)有被要求卻主動(dòng)熨衣服的時(shí)候,或者當(dāng)你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時(shí)候)”可知,

本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項(xiàng)『Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,write

itdown.(不管是什么,不管它看起來(lái)有多小,都要把它寫(xiě)下來(lái))”與上文內(nèi)容一致,講述的是不管你所做的

事情不管有多小,只要是好的事情,都記下來(lái)。故選F。

4.根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsof

yourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣,你們就可以交換意見(jiàn),談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同,以

及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面)”可知,空處提到了某種方式,這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見(jiàn)等。選

項(xiàng)CtcTheymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí))“符合語(yǔ)境,C項(xiàng)

中的"they"與空前的"Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫

你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)“中的"afriendorfamilymember”保持一致,同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C和下文“Infact,don9twaituntil

you'vemadeamistaketotrythis——ifsagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.(事實(shí)上,不要等至U你I口

了錯(cuò)誤才去嘗試這個(gè)——這是一個(gè)在任何時(shí)候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故選Co

5.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容"It'ssomethingofacliche(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheir

mistakes.Thethingis,ifstrue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí),而是從他們的錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí),這是陳詞濫

調(diào)。但事實(shí)是,這是真的)''可知,作者認(rèn)為人是從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)GctWhateverthemistake,rememberitisn't

afixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤,記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語(yǔ)境,G項(xiàng)

中的"isn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容"We'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeand

mistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí),錯(cuò)誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的方

式)”保持一致,指的都是犯錯(cuò)并不是性格中固有的一面,我們是通過(guò)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)成長(zhǎng)。故選G。

解題技巧

技巧一:從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷…因果關(guān)系

在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子,明白這幾句話的確切意思,然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏

輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上,判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。因果關(guān)系主

要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系,這種關(guān)系往往說(shuō)明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因

果關(guān)系的連詞有Asaresult結(jié)果,thus/therefore因此,so(such)...如此以至于等。

技巧二:從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷一轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn),

則空格處很有可能是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有:However然而,nevertheless仍然,然

而,不過(guò),nonetheless盡管如此,依然,然而,still還;然而,though可是,不過(guò),然而,yet然而,inspiteof

不顧,不管,atanyrate無(wú)論如何,至少,inanycase無(wú)論如何,不管怎樣,whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí),whatever無(wú)論

什么,onthecontrary正相反,incontrast與止匕相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比較

起來(lái),比較地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否則;除此以外,not--but不是

而是,aswell也等。

技巧三:從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷一例證關(guān)系

前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣,但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象

(例子、類比等)和抽象(觀點(diǎn))的辯證關(guān)系,用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和

推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。

技巧四:從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷一遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的層

進(jìn)關(guān)系,則空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有:also也,而且,further另外(的);,

furthermore而且,止匕外,likewise同樣地,照樣地;也,又,similarly相似地,類似地,moreover而且再者,

此外,inaddition另外,加之,whafsmore更重要的是,too也,還,either也,neither兩者都不,notonly...butalso

不但...而且等。

技巧五:從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷一平列關(guān)系

表示列舉關(guān)系的有:first首先,第一,second第二,third第三…;firstly第一,首先,secondly第二(點(diǎn));

其次,thirdly第三…;first第一,next其次,then那么,然后...;inthefirstplace第一,首先,inthesecondplace

第二,其次...;foronething首先,——貝foranotherthing其次...;tobeginwith首先,第toconclude首先,

第一等

技巧六:從詞匯線索上判斷一代詞

英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高,代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念,巧妙利用這樣

的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。

技巧七:從詞匯線索上判斷一同義詞/近義詞

英語(yǔ)前言后語(yǔ)之間往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達(dá)語(yǔ)甚至相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用,這是我們解題的一

個(gè)很好的判斷線索。其實(shí)就其本質(zhì)而言,上文講的代詞和下文將涉及的上下義詞和同一范疇詞都是特殊的

同義/近義詞。

技巧八:從詞匯線索上判斷一上下義詞/同一范疇詞

上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者包含了后者,或可以說(shuō)后者是前者的一個(gè)子集。利用前后句中這樣的

特殊的同義關(guān)系常??梢院茌p松地解題。

技巧九:從試題位置上判斷一問(wèn)題在段首

假如問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)在段首,它通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容,根據(jù)段落一致性原則,查找同義詞

或其他相關(guān)的詞,推斷出主題句。另外著重閱讀后文第一兩句,鎖定線索信號(hào)詞,然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)

特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的,因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種的銜

接手段,尤其當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話時(shí)。

技巧十:從試題位置上判斷一問(wèn)題在段尾

所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián),此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是

否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句,看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。分析與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折

或是對(duì)比關(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文

在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。如果第一段的段尾是空白,要認(rèn)真閱讀,看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通

常文章第一段要提出文章的主題,如果在段尾提出主題,會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái),正確答案中應(yīng)

有這樣的特征詞。段尾通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞,

如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語(yǔ),選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的

同義詞句。

變式訓(xùn)練

(2024?湖南永州?統(tǒng)考二模)BenefitsofPersonalityTests

Canidentifyingone'spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?They

may.]

Betterunderstandothers

Aftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferent

perceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.2.Nopersonalitytypeis“better”

thananyother——justdifferent.Eachperspectivebringssomethingnewandinterestingtothetable.

Identifyourlikesanddislikes

Maybewe'vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.3.Byusing

personalitytestsliketheMBTI,wecanlearnmoreaboutwherewelieontheextroversion/introversionand

thinking/feelingcontinuum(連續(xù)'性).Thishelpsusbetterunderstandwhyweprefercertainthingsanddislike

others.

4.

Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.

Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,deal

withstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.

Recognizeourstrengthsandweaknesses

Knowingwhatwearegoodatcanbeimportantinawidevarietyofsituations,whetherwearepickinga

collegemajororthinkingaboutrunningforaseatonourlocalschoolboard.Forexample,ifweknowthatweare

anISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofour

personalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.5,itcansometimes

tripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.

A.Holdontoideasaboutwhoweare

B.Knowwhichsituationsareidealforus

C.Here'sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytests

D.Whiletheyrevealtruththatshowcasesdifferentaspectsofpersonality

E.Whileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourwork

F.Thisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworld

G.Orperhapswe'vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision

【答案】1.C2.F3.G4.B5.E

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了性格測(cè)試的好處。

1.根據(jù)上文“Canidentifyingone'spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?

Theymay.(用MBTI和其他人格評(píng)估來(lái)識(shí)別一個(gè)人的人格類型真的有幫助嗎?他們可能有幫助。戶可知,上

文講述的是性格測(cè)試有好處。選項(xiàng)C“Here,sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytests(以下是性格

測(cè)試諸多好處的概述)“承接上文指出性格測(cè)試有好處,同時(shí)引出下文具體的好處。故選C。

2.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Aftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofall

thedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation^在進(jìn)行性格測(cè)試并看到我們

的結(jié)果后,我們可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。戶可知,得知自己的性格后,我們

可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)F"Thisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferent

waysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworld(這一點(diǎn)很重要,因?yàn)槲覀兌加胁煌目创澜绾团c世界互動(dòng)的

方式)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容,指出理解不同的人對(duì)相同情況有著不一樣的看法很重要。故選F。

3.根據(jù)空前“Maybewe9vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.(也許我們總是討

厭打電話,但從來(lái)沒(méi)有真正明白為什么。)”可知,我們并不明白自己討厭某件事的原因。選項(xiàng)G“Orperhaps

we'vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision(或者也許我們?cè)谧鰶Q定之前

總是需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題)''與上文內(nèi)容一致,指的是我們也不明白為什么自己在做決定之前總是需要

很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題。故選G。

4.空處為小標(biāo)題,為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpus

discovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveus

newideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.(更多地了

解我們的性格類型也可以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法。知道什么最適合我們的性格類型,可以給我們

解決問(wèn)題、處理壓力、處理沖突和管理工作習(xí)慣的新思路。)”可知,本段講述的是了解自己的性格類型可

以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法,從而了解什么是最適合我們的。選項(xiàng)BuKnowwhichsituationsareideal

forus(知道哪些情況對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是最理想的)”正是本段內(nèi)容的綜述。故選B?

5.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)on

theMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituations

andweaknessesinothers.(例如,如果我們知道自己在MBTI測(cè)試中屬于ISTJ型(內(nèi)向、敏感、思考和判斷),

我們可能會(huì)意識(shí)到我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì),而在另一些情況下可能是劣勢(shì)?)”可知,

上文講述的是我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì),而在其他情況下則可能是劣勢(shì)。而空后內(nèi)容

“itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.(它有時(shí)會(huì)在我們需要讓

別人控制的情況下絆倒我們。)”指的是劣勢(shì),由此可推斷,空處指的應(yīng)該是優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)E"Whileour

organizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourwork(雖然我們的組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工

作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì)丫'指出組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì),與下文內(nèi)容邏輯一致,指出這樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)

在某些情況下會(huì)成為劣勢(shì)。故選E。

刷模擬

(2024上?廣東深圳?高三統(tǒng)考期末)Ifyou'reafraidtofly,you'reingoodcompany.About40%of

Americansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying.1,thesetipscanhelp.

2

Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedtosomethingyou'reafraidofoverandoveragaincalms

downyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn'tfireupasfast.Thatcouldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun.

Duringthenight,distractyourself

Whenwe'rereallyanxious,wecan'tthinkstraight.Thekeyistotrytoconnecttoyourrational,thinking

brain.Whenwereallyfocusonthinking,likedoingamathproblem,ouremotionalbraincalmsdown.Trya

crosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileofpaperwork.3.

Ifyouhitturbulence(氣流),don'tforceyourselftocalmdown

Duringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown.4.It'snearly

impossibletostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceifsbeentriggered.Remindyourselfthatyourbodyis

havinganormalresponsetoaperceivedthreat.

Consultwithadoctoraboutmedication(冥想),ifyoufeelyoumightneedit

Therearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety.5,talkwithyourprimarycaredoctoror

apsychiatrist.Trytothinkofamedicationthafsnotjustshort-term,butsomethingthatcanhelpyoubringyour

baselineanxietydown.

A.Butdon'ttrytostoptheexperience

B.Trytoholdbackyourfeelingoffear

C.Ifyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplane

D.Boardyourflightwithplentyofdistractions

E.Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmalldoses

F.Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan'tavoidflights

G.ThafswhereIagreewithbecausethatexperienceisterrible

【答案】1.F2.E3.D4.A5.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何克服飛行恐懼,包括面對(duì)恐懼、分散注意力、接受恐懼和尋求

醫(yī)療幫助等方法。

1.根據(jù)上文“About40%ofAmericansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying.(大約40%的美國(guó)人一想到坐飛機(jī)

就感到害怕)”引出話題,提到很多人坐飛機(jī)感到害怕。以及下文“thesetipscanhelp.(這些建議會(huì)有所幫助)”

提到有幫助的建議。由此可知,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan'tavoidflights(如果你做了幾乎所有的

事情,但無(wú)法避免航班)起到承上啟下作用,上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。

2.由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知,為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedto

somethingyou'reafraidofoverandoveragaincalmsdownyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn'tfireupasfast.That

couldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun.(暴露療法是指,一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中,會(huì)讓你的大腦

邊緣系統(tǒng)平靜下來(lái),這樣它就不會(huì)那么快地興奮起來(lái)。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,這可能意味著更少的焦慮)”可知,本

段講的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。由此可知,E項(xiàng)Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmall

doses.(面對(duì)你的恐懼,反復(fù)但要從小做起)與本段主旨一致,能夠總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)。

3.根據(jù)上文“TryacrosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileof

paperwork4試試填字游戲或數(shù)獨(dú)游戲,讀一本有趣的浪漫小說(shuō),或者處理一堆文書(shū)工作廠可知,此處提到

一些分散自己的注意力的方法。由此可知,D項(xiàng)Boardyourflightwithplentyofdistractions.(帶著很多讓你

分心的東西登機(jī))和上文意思一致,為對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的語(yǔ)意遞進(jìn),上下文緊密連接。故選D項(xiàng)。

4.根據(jù)上文“Duringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown.(在顛簸的飛行中,你

可能需要緩慢地深呼吸來(lái)平靜下來(lái))”可知,此處提到遇到氣流時(shí)的顛簸飛行。以及下文“I『snearlyimpossible

tostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceifsbeentriggered.(一旦你的“戰(zhàn)或逃”反應(yīng)被觸發(fā),你幾乎不可能停

止這種反應(yīng))“說(shuō)明你采取行為的結(jié)果。由此可知,A項(xiàng)Butdon'ttrytostoptheexperience(但不要試圖阻止

這種體驗(yàn))起到承上啟下作用,上下文語(yǔ)意連貫,符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。

5.根據(jù)上文“Therearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety.(有些藥物能很快消除焦慮)“以及下文

“talkwithyourprimarycaredoctororapsychiatrist4與你的初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生或精神科醫(yī)生談?wù)劊翱芍?,此處提?/p>

藥物能很快消除焦慮。由此可知,C項(xiàng)Ifyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplane(如果你確實(shí)需要藥物才能

上飛機(jī))承接上文內(nèi)容,同時(shí)和下文形成一句完整的話,上下文緊密連接,符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。

(2024上?江蘇常州?高三統(tǒng)考期末)Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.6Butitisalsoan

incrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.

Itisveryeasytoself-destruct(自我毀滅)whenplayingtennisifyouletyourexpectationsandegogetthe

betterofyou.So,simplyplayingtheballthatisinfrontofyouisthesimplestwaytoapproachthegame,along

withtakingeachpointatatime.

Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.7Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyour

opponenfsbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(對(duì)角線球)ballsasyoucan,itis

importanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.

8Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren'tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteit

oryouropponentcottonson(領(lǐng)悟)whatyou'retryingtodo,you511needtoadapt,improviseandovercome.

Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!

9Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilient(堅(jiān)韌的)toplaygoodtennisandovercome

hardship.Don,tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemget

youdown.

Tennisisalsoaboutplayingthebigpointswellandunderstandingthatnotallpointsholdthesameweight

acrossthecourseofamatch.Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositive

attitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.10

A.However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.

B.Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.

C.However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.

D.Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.

E.Everybackhandshotyouhitiswhatyouthrowatyouropponent.

F.Perhapsthemostobviousbenefitstennisoffersarethephysicalones.

G.Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!

【答案】6.D7.B8.A9.G10.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了打網(wǎng)球的一些策略和方法。

6.根據(jù)上文“Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport."(網(wǎng)球是一項(xiàng)令人難以置信的腦力運(yùn)動(dòng)。)引出話題,提

到網(wǎng)球是腦力運(yùn)動(dòng)。以及下文“Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell."(但這也是一項(xiàng)非常困難

的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.(它可以帶來(lái)一系列

的身體和精神上的好處。)可知,承接上文內(nèi)容,同時(shí)引起下文,起到上下文的承上啟下作用,上下文語(yǔ)

意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。

7.根據(jù)上文“Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.”(話雖如止匕,說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。)提到說(shuō)起

來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。以及下文“Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent'sbackhandasmuchaspossible,

oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(對(duì)角線球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyou

wanttobesuccessfillonthecourt."(即使是盡可能多地打?qū)κ值姆词智?,或者盡可能多地打交叉球這樣簡(jiǎn)單

的事情,如果你想在球場(chǎng)上取得成功,有一個(gè)進(jìn)攻計(jì)劃是很重要的。)說(shuō)明具體的方法和策略。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B

項(xiàng)Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.(你總是需要某種形式的策略。)可知,起到上下文的

承上啟下作用,上下文緊密連接,符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。

8.由該句為該段句首可知,為總結(jié)該段的內(nèi)容。該段下文“Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyou

aren'tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(領(lǐng)'悟)whatyou'retryingtodo,you911

needtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisall

partofbecomingabettertennisplayer!”(你可能有世界上最好的計(jì)劃,但是如果你的表現(xiàn)不夠好,或者你的

對(duì)手不知道你想要做什么,你就需要適應(yīng)、即興發(fā)揮和克服。適應(yīng)新的條件,球場(chǎng)表面,球和打法都是成

為一個(gè)更好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的一部分!)可知,主要講的是需要適應(yīng)即興發(fā)揮。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)However,being

flexibleisalsoimportant.(然而,靈活性也很重要。)意思一致,為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。

9.根據(jù)下文“Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilienttoplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don'tbe

toomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown."(這意

味著你需要非常有韌性才能打好網(wǎng)球,克服困難。不要太在意你丟掉的分?jǐn)?shù)。從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn),但不要

讓它們擊垮你。)說(shuō)明不要太在意你丟掉的分?jǐn)?shù)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucan

winmorepointsandstillloseamatch!(網(wǎng)球的計(jì)分系統(tǒng)意味著你可以贏得更多的分?jǐn)?shù),但仍然會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣?)

可知,上下文緊密連接,其中下文中的This指的就是空格處的內(nèi)容,符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。

10.根據(jù)上文“Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbe

verydifficulttodo."(把失望拋在腦后,努力以積極的態(tài)度打下一分,這是很難做到的。)說(shuō)明努力以積極

的態(tài)度打下一分。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.(然而,這是成為

一個(gè)更好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的關(guān)鍵部分。)可知,承接上文內(nèi)容,上下文緊密連接,符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。

(2024上?山東聊城?高三統(tǒng)考期末)Newacademicianstakeagroupphotoafterthecertificateawarding

ceremonyattheChineseAcademyofSciences.11Theyaimedtomakegreatercontributionstothe

developmentofthenation'sscientificresearchbyencouragingtheyounggenerationandpromotingtheroleof

femalescientists.

AcademicianHuangmadethreecommitmentstohimself-tocontributehisenergytoscientificresearch;to

applyhisachievementsinthefields;andtoprovidemoreopportunitiesforyoungpeople."12By

allowingoutstandingyoungpeopletohavesufficientopportunities,wecanfosteradiversescientificcommunity

withvigorousdebates,9,hesaid.

AcademicianJianZhiminadvisedyoungstudentsthatpersistenceisthemostvaluablespiritonthepathof

scientificresearch."13Thisdeterminationandperseveranceareessentialinscientificresearch,he

said.

Outofthe59newlyelectedacademiciansthisyear,fiveofthemarefemalescientists.AcademicianJin

Kuijuanmentionedthatwomenhaveuniqueperspectives,andrespectingtheroleofwomenisofcrucial

significance.14.

15Forexample,shesaidfundinginstitutionssuchastheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationand

theExcellentYoungScholarsFundhaverelaxedtheiragerestrictions,takingintoconsiderationthetimeand

energywomenneedforchildbirthandchildcare.

A.Theyaremoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的),whichcontributestothedevelopmentofscience.

B.Inrecentyears,JinhasnoticedtheincreasingsupportforfemalescientistsinChina.

C.Asacademicians,weneedtosharemoreopportunitieswiththeyoungergeneration.

D.Shehasbothmaleandfemalestudents,whoareirreplaceabletoeachother.

E.The59newlyelectedacademiciansvowedattheceremonyonFriday.

F.IhopethehonorIreceivedcaninspiremorefemalestodevelopaninterestinphysics.

G.Toachievesuccessinthefieldofscience,themostimportantthingistopersistwithoriginalintention.

【答案】ILE12.C13.G14.A15.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道中國(guó)科學(xué)院新當(dāng)選院士以及他們的科研精神和對(duì)于科研事業(yè)的承

諾。

11.上文“NewacademicianstakeagroupphotoafterthecertificateawardingceremonyattheChineseAcademy

ofSciences.(新晉院士在中國(guó)科學(xué)院頒證儀式后合影留念。)”描述新晉院士參加頒證儀式的場(chǎng)景,結(jié)合常識(shí)

可知,E項(xiàng)“The59newlyelectedacademiciansvowedattheceremonyonFriday.(59位新當(dāng)選的院士在周五的

典禮上宣誓就職。廣與上文內(nèi)容相符,說(shuō)明頒證儀式的時(shí)間和相關(guān)宣誓程序,下文“Theyaimedtomake

greatercontributionstothedevelopmentofthenation'sscientificresearchbyencouragingtheyounggeneration

andpromotingtheroleoffemalescientists.(他們旨在是通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)年輕一代和提高女科學(xué)家的作用,為國(guó)家的

科學(xué)研究的發(fā)展做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。)”說(shuō)明宣誓相關(guān)內(nèi)容,上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。

12.根據(jù)下文“Byallowingoutstandingyoungpeopletohavesufficientopportunities,wecanfosteradiverse

scientificcommunitywithvigorousdebates(讓優(yōu)秀的年輕人有足夠的機(jī)會(huì),我們可以培育一個(gè)多元化的科學(xué)

界,并進(jìn)行激烈的辯論)“可知,黃院士強(qiáng)調(diào)要給年輕人機(jī)會(huì),Cacademicians,weneedtosharemore

opportunitieswiththeyoungergeneration.(作為院士,我們需要與年輕一代分享更多的機(jī)會(huì)。)”與黃院士觀點(diǎn)

一致,句中“Asacademicians,we...”是黃院士的自稱。故選C項(xiàng)。

13.上文“persistenceisthemostvaluablespiritonthepathofscientificresearch.(堅(jiān)持是科學(xué)研究道路上最寶

貴的精神。)“和下文"Thisdeterminationandperseveranceareessentialinscientificresearch.(這種決心和毅力

在科學(xué)研究中是必不可少的。)"強(qiáng)調(diào)"堅(jiān)持"、"決心"和"毅力",GX^uToachievesuccessinthefieldofscience,

themostimportantthingistopersistwithoriginalintention.(要在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域取得成功,最重要的是堅(jiān)持初心。)”

中表達(dá)同樣的主旨,句中“persistwithoriginalintention”與上下文內(nèi)容相照應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。

14.上文“AcademicianJinKuijuanmentionedthatwomenhaveuniqueperspectives,andrespectingtheroleof

womenisofcrucialsignificance.(金奎娟院士提到,女性有獨(dú)特的視角,尊重女性的作用至關(guān)重要。)”提出

女性科學(xué)家的重要性,A項(xiàng)“Theyaremoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的),whichcontributestothedevelopmentof

science.(他們適應(yīng)力更強(qiáng),這有助于科學(xué)的發(fā)展。戶承接上文,說(shuō)明女性科學(xué)家的優(yōu)勢(shì),句中指示代詞“They”

指代上文中“women”。故選A項(xiàng)。

15.下文“Forexample,shesaidfundinginstitutionssuchastheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationandthe

ExcellentYoungScholarsFundhaverelaxedtheiragerestrictions,takingintoconsiderationthetimeandenergy

womenneedforchildbirthandchildcare.(例如,她說(shuō),國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金和優(yōu)秀青年學(xué)者基金等資助機(jī)構(gòu)已

經(jīng)放寬了年齡限制,考慮到女性生育和照顧孩子所需的時(shí)間和精力。)”提出相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)在政策上對(duì)女性科學(xué)

家的支持,是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“Inrecentyears,JinhasnoticedtheincreasingsupportforfemalescientistsinChina.(近年

來(lái),金注意到中國(guó)對(duì)女科學(xué)家的支持越來(lái)越多。)”的舉例說(shuō)明,上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。

(2024上?福建?高三統(tǒng)考期末)Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,

sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou'vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageand

intotheworld.16

First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlife

thatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.17Then,maybeifspostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocal

libraryorbookstore.Ifyou'relookingto"getarangeofperspectives^^fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsider

lookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.

18Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshments

ultimatelybethemostimportant?There9sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone'sapartmentandhavingcheese

andwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthan

focusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhat

youwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.

Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflect

onself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.

There5sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn'tgetinthewayofthestory.19

Beforeyour

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