高中英語北師大版必修一UNIT 1 培優(yōu)提能限時(shí)練(一)

培優(yōu)提能限時(shí)練(一)(限時(shí)：40分鐘滿分：50分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheUK’sBestCycling(騎車)HolidaysCyclingholidaysintheUKareoneofthebestthingsyoucandowithfriendsorasafamily.Wehaveresearchedthebestroutes(路線)fortheperfectcyclingholidayonTripAdvisor.CamelTrailThis27.8kmrouteisnotonlyflat，butishometosomebreathtakingviewsofthecoastandcampingsites.WiththehighestnumberofexcellentreviewsonTripAdvisorand96%trafficfree，we’recertainyou’llhaveagreattime.Itfollowsalongsidesandybeachesandvillagesmeaningthere’slotstodiscover，justcheckoutthe33,000Instagramposts!TissingtonTrailOnehundredpercenttrafficfree，theTissingtonTrailis21.3kmlong，makingitasafeandsimpletrip.Itfollowsarailwaylinewitholdstationplatforms.Onlya25-minutedrivetoAltonTowersforabitofaddedfun，thisholidayispackedwithplentytodo.There’realsoover300excellentTripAdvisorreviews，provingitspopularitywithUKtourists.Marriott’sWayTheMarriott’sWayisanotherlong-distancecycle.PerfectforcyclingthroughNorfolk’swoodlands，italsopassesthroughbeautifulsmalltownsandvillages.TheMarriott’sWayhasthesteepest(最陡峭的)cyclingtrailoutofthefourcyclingholidays，somaybebestforthoseridingfans.LaganTowpathToexploreNorthernIreland’sbeauty，thispathtakesyoualongtheriverandcanalsystem.Itisthesecondtrailonthislistthatis100%trafficfree，soyou’llonlymeetothercyclistsandwalkers，makingitoneofthesafestroutes.SpendadayortwoincapitalBelfastbeforestartingthe21.5kmbikeride.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國騎行假期最好的幾條騎行路線。)1．Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopular?A．CamelTrail. B．TissingtonTrail.C．Marriott’sWay. D．LaganTowpath.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由CamelTrail部分中的第二句可知，CamelTrail在TripAdvisor上擁有最高的優(yōu)秀評論數(shù)量，所以CamelTrail最受歡迎。故選A。2．WhatisspecialaboutMarriott’sWay?A．Itisalongcyclingtrail.B．Itisthemostchallenging.C．Itattractsridersforcamping.D．Itgoesthroughvillages.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Marriott’sWay部分中的最后一句可知，Marriott’sWay是四個(gè)騎行路線中最陡峭的。因此，Marriott’sWay的特別之處在于它是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選B。3．WhatdoTissingtonTrailandLaganTowpathhaveincommon?A．Theyrunalongtherivers.B．Therearenocars.C．Theyarenearthecapital.D．Therearehistoricalsights.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由TissingtonTrail部分中的第一句和LaganTowpath部分中的第二句可知，TissingtonTrail和LaganTowpath的共同點(diǎn)在于它們都是百分之百無車輛交通的，所以不存在汽車。故選B。BToday，westudyliterature(文學(xué))fromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories，worldandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot，thesestoriesguideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes，openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.Althoughtheyareimportant，manypeoplethrowouttheiroldbooks—layingwastethewisdomthatliesoneachpage.Trytosavethisknowledgeandshareitwithpeople，agarbageman(清潔工)inBogota，Colombia，hasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.“Ihatedtoseeallthebooksinthedustbinsofwealthierneighborhoods.SoIstartedtorescuethem，”saidGutierrez.ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKareninawrittenbyLeoTolstoy(托爾斯泰)．TheTolstoybookwaslaterjoinedbyTheLittlePrince，Sophie’sWorld，TheIliadandanumberofnovels.Today，hehascollectedaround25,000books.Hisgrowingcollectiondidn’tgounnoticed.Gutierrez’sneighborsweresoonborrowingthebookstohelpwiththeirchildren’shomework.“Therewasalackoftheminourneighborhood，sowestartedtohelp，”saidGutierrez.ThegroundfloorofGutierrez’shomeisnowfilledwithbooks，fromfloortoceiling.Heopeneditupasafreelibrary，withthehelpofhiswifeLuzGutierrezandtheirthreechildren.WordfinallyspreadaroundaboutGutierrezandhisbooks.Mostofthebooksnowcomefromdonations(捐贈)．Henowtravelsaroundthecountrydeliveringfreebookstopoorandremoteareas.Thelibrarynamed“TheStrengthofWords”，hasdonatedbookstosome235schools，institutionsandcommunitylibrariesacrossColombia.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在過去20年里，清潔工Gutierrez收集別人丟棄的書籍達(dá)幾萬冊，經(jīng)整理后在自家設(shè)置圖書館，以造福鄰里和窮人的故事。4．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A．Bygivingsomenumbers.B．Bywritingadiary.C．Bydescribingthenature.D．Bystatingsomefacts.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前三句可知，作者首先陳述了有關(guān)文學(xué)圖書對人類的重要性的一些事實(shí)，從而引出了Gutierrez從垃圾中收集舊書籍籌建圖書館的故事。故選D。5．WhatdidtheTolstoybookmeantoGutierrez?A．Aheavyboxofbooks.B．Hewrotethebookbyhimself.C．Arealfriendindifficulttimes.D．Thebeginningofhiskindness.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中第三句可知，托爾斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》一書是Gutierrez收集到的第一本文學(xué)書籍，是他的免費(fèi)圖書館的起點(diǎn)，即善意的起點(diǎn)。故選D。6．WhichsayingdoesGutierrez’sstoryleadustobelieve?A．Oneman’sgarbageisanotherman’swealth.B．Abadbeginningmakesabadending.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Practicemakesperfect.答案A解析推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，本文主要講述清潔工Gutierrez收集別人丟棄的書籍，整理后在自家設(shè)置圖書館，以造福鄰里和窮人的故事。別人扔掉的舊書在Gutierrez那里卻成了寶貝。所以Gutierrez的故事讓我們相信“一個(gè)人的垃圾可能是另一個(gè)人的寶貝”。故選A。7．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TolstoyBooksRecoveredfromDustbinsB．GarbageManBuildsaLibraryfromRescuedBooksC．FreeLibrariesPopularwithNeighborhoodKidsD．LiteratureNowAttractsGarbageCollectors答案B解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及后續(xù)內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述清潔工Gutierrez收集舊書籍，為孩子們籌建免費(fèi)圖書館的故事，B項(xiàng)“清潔工用營救出來的書建造一座圖書館”最能體現(xiàn)此意。故選B。CMargaretisafamousclimateactivist(氣候活動家)．Whenshewasthirty-twoyearsold，shecreatedanEgyptiancharity(慈善)organizationcalledtheGreenGenerationInitiative(倡議)，whichhasbeenplantingtreesandcounteringtheactsofcuttingdowntheforestsatwillandclimatechangeintheNorthAfricannationsince2013.GGI’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodunsafetyintheareathroughplantingfruittrees.Over120,000treeshavebeenplantedinEgyptsinceGGI’sstartandtheyhaverecordedasurvivalrateofover90percent，whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavechosentoplanttreestomakesurethattheylearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.SpeakingtoworldleadersattheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow，Margaretissuedawarningontheharmofclimatechange，“Over1millionofmyfellowEgyptiansarefacingclimaterelatedhunger.In2024，halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbeshortofwater.By2030，theclimateproblemwillmakeabout50millionpeopleinSub-SaharanAfricahomeless.”Margaretadded，“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.Iwasinspired(激勵)bythegreatMaathai，whocalledonthousandsofwomenandmentoplanttensofmillionsoftreesthroughoutKenya.Herapproachwasusefulanddeeplyecological(生態(tài)的)．ShewasthefirstAfricanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.IstartedatreegrowinginitiativethatraisedtheawarenessoffoodsafetyforyoungEgyptians.Sofar，wehavegrown30,000fruittrees，providingbadlyneededfoodforthousandsofchildren.WearetheadultsontheEarthrightnow，anditisourdutytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了著名氣候活動家瑪格麗特創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“綠色一代倡議”的慈善組織。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“countering”inparagraph1mean?A．Tryingout. B．Worryingabout.C．Passingon. D．Fightingagainst.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前半句可知，32歲時(shí)，瑪格麗特創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“綠色一代倡議”的埃及慈善組織，該組織一直在植樹造林，由此推知，該組織反對隨意砍伐森林的行為。所以countering為“反對”之意。故選D。9．WhatisapurposeoftheGreenGenerationInitiative?A．Toplantusefulfruittreesatschool.B．Toincreasethelivingrateoftrees.C．TodealwithfoodunsafetyinEgypt.D．Toraiseenoughmoneyforacharity.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，GGI的主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)是通過學(xué)校的環(huán)境教育培養(yǎng)年輕的氣候活動家，并通過種植果樹解決該地區(qū)的食品不安全問題。因此，“綠色一代倡議”的目的包括解決埃及的食品不安全問題。故選C。10．Whatdothenumbersinparagraph4illustrate?A．Thegreatwasteofwaterresources.B．Theseriouseffectofclimatechange.C．Thebadresultsofpeople’sgoinghungry.D．Therapidgrowthoftheworldpopulation.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句可知，在格拉斯哥舉行的聯(lián)合國氣候變化會議上，瑪格麗特對世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人發(fā)出了氣候變化危害的警告。因此可推斷，本段中的數(shù)字說明了氣候變化的嚴(yán)重影響。故選B。11．WhatdoesMargaretsuggestinthelastparagraph?A．WorkingfortheNobelPrize.B．ExpressingthankstoMaathai.C．Beingresponsibleforthefuture.D．Makingmorechildreneducated.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句可推知，瑪格麗特在最后一段中提出了對未來負(fù)責(zé)的建議。故選C。DDoyousometimespaynoattentiontoyourmomwhilechattingwithfriends？Ifyou’reateen，that’sfairlycommon.Andnewresearchmayexplainwhysomanyadolescents(青少年)stoplisteningtotheirmoms’voices.Theresearchersstudiedthebrainsof7-to16-year-oldkidsastheylistenedtothingssaidbytheirmothersorbyunfamiliarwomen.Asthekidslistened，certainpartsoftheirbrainsbecameactive.Thiswasespeciallytrueinbrainregions(區(qū)域)thathelpustopayattention.DanielAbrams，ascientist，andhisco-workersalreadyknewthatyoungerkids’brainsrespond(反應(yīng))morestronglytotheirmoms’voicesthantostrangers’．“Inadolescence，weshowtheexactoppositeofthat，”Abramssays.Forteens，thesebrainregionsrespondmoretounfamiliarvoicesthantotheirmoms’．“Asateen，youdon’tknowyou’redoingthis.You’rejustbeingyou:You’vegotyournewfriendsandyouwanttospendtimewiththem.Youpaymoreattentiontotheseneworunfamiliarvoices，”Abramsadds.Theseareasintheadolescentbraindon’tstoprespondingtoMom.It’sjustthatunfamiliarvoicesbecomemoreattractiveandthenareworthyofattention.Askidsgrowup，theyhavemoresocialconnectionsbeyondtheirfamily.Sotheirbrainsneedtobeginpayingmoreattentiontothatwiderworld.“That’sexactlywhatitshouldbelike，”Abramssays.Thebrainseemstogetusedtonewneedsthatcomewithadolescence.“Aswegrowup，ourlivingdependslessandlessonourmother’ssupport，”saysLeslieSeltzer，ascientist.“Instead，wedependmoreandmoreonourfriendsandothersatthesameageasus.”Sowhilebothteensandtheirparentsmaysometimesfeelsadaboutmissedmessages，that’sokay.Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks，andthere’sagoodreasonforit.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。研究表明，青少年有時(shí)會忽略媽媽的聲音話語，是因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)階段，他們需要探索更廣泛的世界，大腦的注意力也會更關(guān)注不熟悉的聲音。12．Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?A．Theadolescents’braindevelopment.B．Theteens’responsetotheirmothers’voices.C．Therelationshipbetweenkidsandtheirmothers.D．Theinfluenceofmothersontheirkids’characters.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，新的研究或許可以解釋為什么這么多青少年不再聽媽媽的聲音。因此可知，這項(xiàng)新研究關(guān)注的是青少年對媽媽的聲音的回應(yīng)。故選B。13．WhatdoAbrams’swordsinparagraph3suggest?A．Teens’mindtendstobeattractedtounfamiliarvoices.B．Teens’brainactivityisdecidedbytheirages.C．Teensusuallyhaveabadrelationshipwiththeirparents.D．Teenssometimeshavedifficultyfocusingtheirattention.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句和最后一句可知，Abrams的話表明青少年往往被不熟悉的聲音吸引。故選A。14．Whichofthefollowingcanexplainthefeature(特點(diǎn))oftheadolescentbrain?A．Teens’greatpressureofstudy.B．Teens’wishtoliveadifferentlife.C．Teens’increasingfocusonnewthings.D．Teens’discomfortoftalkingwiththeirparents.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后兩句可知，青少年的大腦需要開始更多地關(guān)注更廣闊的世界，這正是它應(yīng)該有的樣子。因此，導(dǎo)致青少年大腦這種特征的原因是他們越來越關(guān)注新鮮的事物。故選C。15．Whatistheauthor’sopiniononteens’changesinattention?A．Itisconfusing.B．Itisunderstandable.C．Itleadstofailureinlaterlife.D．Itcanincreasetheirbrainactivity.答案B解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks，andthere’sagoodreasonforit.”可知，對于青少年出現(xiàn)注意力改變，容易忽略媽媽的聲音這一現(xiàn)象，作者認(rèn)為是合乎情理的，可以理解。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoChooseYourHighSchoolSubjectsWiselyPreparingtoenteranewgradeandchoosingthesubjectsthat’llseeyouthroughgraduationcanbefrightening，butthisisthefirststeptoyourfutureandyoushouldmovenearitwisely.Choosingtherightsubjectswillgiveyouachanceatsuccessinseniorhighschoolandbeyond.1.DoyourresearchThefirststepislookingatwhichcareer(職業(yè))pathyou’dliketoenterinto.Fromthere，youcancheckoutthewebsitesofhighereducationorganizationstofindouttheirrequirementsforthatcourse.2.Ifyou’renotsureaboutthefuture，youshouldchoosesubjectcombinations(組合)that’llleaveyouwiththebestchoices.Decideyourinterests3.Researchhowyourfavouritesubjectsshowclearlyintheworkingworld.Someofyoubecomeandcontinuetobesuccessfulinthedifferentspaces(eg.creativespaces)，sodon’tbepressuredintochoosingsubjectsyoudon’tenjoy—thosewon’tbenefityourlong-termcareergoals.4Agoodideaistolookatsubjectsthatyou