2023年北京市中考英語(yǔ)真題(解析版)

2023年北京市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試時(shí)間:90分鐘滿分:60分第一部分本部分共33題,共40分。在每題列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最符合題目要求的一項(xiàng)。一、單項(xiàng)填空(每題0.5分,共6分)從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)1.Mysisterenjoyssingingand________favoritesubjectismusic.A.his B.her C.your D.their【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：我妹妹喜歡唱歌，她最喜歡的科目是音樂(lè)。考查代詞辨析。his他的；her她的；your你的；their他們的。根據(jù)“Mysisterenjoyssinging”可知此處指“我妹妹”最喜歡的科目，用her。故選B。2.It’sagoodideatovisitBeijing________October.A.at B.on C.in D.to【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：在十月份參觀北京是個(gè)好主意?？疾闀r(shí)間介詞。at后接具體時(shí)刻等；on后接具體某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根據(jù)“October”可知此處表示在十月，用介詞in。故選C。3.—MustIstayhereandwaitforyou?—Noyou________.Youcangohomenow.A.needn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——我必須待在這里等你嗎？——不，你不需要。你現(xiàn)在可以回家?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“MustIstayhereandwaitforyou?”可知，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must提問(wèn)，其否定回答應(yīng)用needn’t表示“不需要”。故選A。4.—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorskating?—Swimming.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——你更喜歡哪一個(gè)，游泳還是滑冰？——游泳。考查副詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)“swimmingorskating”可知兩者相比較，此處用比較級(jí)better。故選B。5.—________doyoutidyyourownroom?—Twiceaweek.A.Howoften B.Howsoon C.Howmuch D.Howlong【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你多久整理一次你自己的房間？——一周兩次?？疾橐蓡?wèn)詞組。Howoften多久一次；Howsoon多久以后；Howmuch多少（錢）；Howlong多久。根據(jù)“Twiceaweek.”可知詢問(wèn)頻率，用Howoften提問(wèn)。故選A。6.Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain,________Samgottothetopatlast.A.or B.so C.for D.but【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：爬山很困難，但是Sam最終還是到達(dá)了山頂?？疾閺膶龠B詞辨析。or或者，否則；so因此；for因?yàn)?；but但是。根據(jù)空前“Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain”和空格后“Samgottothetopatlast”可知前后分句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but來(lái)連接。故選D。7.—Lucy,whatareyoudoing?—I________amodelship.A.make B.made C.ammaking D.wasmaking【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——露西，你在干什么？——我正在制作一個(gè)輪船模型?？疾楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“whatareyoudoing?”可知句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)回答，其謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞。故選C。8.TheShenzhou-15astronauts________toEarthsafelyonJune4,2023.A.return B.returned C.willreturn D.havereturned【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：神舟15號(hào)宇航員于2023年6月4日安全返回地球?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“onJune4,2023”可知是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式returned。故選B。9.Ifyougototheconcertwithustomorrow,you________agreattimethere.A.have B.had C.willhave D.havehad【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：如果你明天和我們一起去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)，你會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心的?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為willdo。故選C。10.Eric________manythingssincehebecameinterestedinscience.A.islearning B.waslearning C.willlearn D.haslearned【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：自從Eric對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣以來(lái)，他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了很多東西?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“sincehebecameinterestedinscience”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+過(guò)去分詞。故選D。11.Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：這個(gè)公園變得越來(lái)越美麗因?yàn)槊磕甓加懈喾N花被種?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)“morekindsofflowers”與動(dòng)詞plant之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，結(jié)合“everyyear”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredone。故選A。12.—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A.whatyouwilldo B.whatyoudid C.whatwillyoudo D.whatdidyoudo【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——莉莉，你能告訴我今年端午節(jié)你做了什么嗎？——確定。我們吃了粽子，看了賽龍舟?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。tell后缺少直接賓語(yǔ)，用賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除CD；主現(xiàn)從不限，結(jié)合“Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.”可知，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，排除A。故選B。二、完形填空(每題1分,共8分)閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。BeWhat’sMissingWherewasthatcashier(收銀員)?Impatient,Iquicklylookedatmywatch.Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.Ilookedaroundthenearlyempty____13____,butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.Awomanstoodwiping(擦)thefarendofthecounter.Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad,darkeyes.I____14____,gettingangry.I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!Controllingmyanger,IrememberedMom’swords.“Wheneveryoufindyourselfinanunpleasantsituation,justthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then____15____ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat’smissing,thenwe’llprovidewhateverthesituationneeds.”AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI“bewhat’smissing”?Whatwasmissingwas____16____.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme.“MayIhelpyou?”sheasked,still____17____.Shelookedsotired.Nodoubt,shewasoverworked.Itookadeepbreath.WithMom’swordsringinginmyhead,Igavethewomanmyorder...andsmiled.“Howareyoutoday?”Myquestionseemedto____18____her.Sheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering.“Nottoogood.”“I’msorry.”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”Shealmostsmiledasshelookedatme.“Thanks.Ihopeyou’reright.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.Weneedtobe____19____toeachother.Aftereating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual,andputthetray(托盤(pán))backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.“Bewhat’smissing.”It____20____.13.A.restaurant B.street C.school D.office14.A.agreed B.finished C.waited D.left15.A.trust B.love C.patience D.confidence16.A.hope B.advice C.money D.service17.A.nervously B.carefully C.coldly D.kindly18.A.disappoint B.hurt C.trouble D.surprise19.A.nicer B.cooler C.closer D.fairer20.A.said B.worked C.read D.ended【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.D17.C18.D19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在快餐店吃飯時(shí)，因?yàn)檫t遲沒(méi)有人點(diǎn)單而生氣，但是想到了媽媽的話他決定對(duì)別人友善一些。他認(rèn)為我們每個(gè)人都是一樣的，有煩惱會(huì)生氣，會(huì)累也會(huì)受傷，因此我們需要更耐心地對(duì)待他人?！?3題詳解】句意：我環(huán)顧了幾乎空蕩的餐廳，但收銀員不在視線內(nèi)。restaurant餐廳；street街道；school學(xué)校；office辦公室。根據(jù)上文“Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.”并結(jié)合空后“butthecashierwasnowhereinsight”可推斷出作者需要出來(lái)吃點(diǎn)東西，然后回去工作，應(yīng)是環(huán)顧餐廳。故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：我在等待中變得生氣。agreed同意；finished完成；waited等待；left留下。根據(jù)后文“I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!”可知此處指的是在等待中變得生氣。故選C?！?5題詳解】句意：如果一個(gè)人是討厭的，那么愛(ài)不見(jiàn)了。trust相信；love愛(ài)；patience耐心；confidence自信心。根據(jù)前文“Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.”可知unkind和kindness為對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合空前“Ifsomeoneishateful”與hateful對(duì)應(yīng)的詞為love，故選B?！?6題詳解】句意：不見(jiàn)的是服務(wù)。hope希望；advice建議；money錢；service服務(wù)。根據(jù)空后“MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.”可推知此處指的是服務(wù)。故選D?！?7題詳解】句意：“我可以幫你嗎?”她仍然冷漠地問(wèn)。nervously緊張地；carefully仔細(xì)地；coldly冷漠地；kindly友善地。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad,darkeyes.”可知此處是coldly的同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，對(duì)應(yīng)空格前的“still”，意思是她仍然冷漠地問(wèn)。故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：我的問(wèn)題似乎使她驚訝。disappoint使失望；hurt使受傷；trouble使煩惱；surprise使驚訝。根據(jù)后文“Sheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering.”可推知作者的問(wèn)題似乎使她驚訝。故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：我們需要對(duì)彼此更友善。nicer更友善的；closer更近的；cooler更冷漠的；fairer更公正的。根據(jù)前文“We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.”可推知需要對(duì)彼此更友善。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：“成為缺失的東西。”它湊效了。said說(shuō)；worked工作，奏效；read閱讀；ended結(jié)束。根據(jù)“Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.”可推知作者以善良應(yīng)對(duì)冷漠，最終奏效了。故選B。三、閱讀理解(每題2分,共26分)(一)閱讀下列課程介紹,請(qǐng)根據(jù)人物喜好和需求匹配最適合的課程,并將課程所對(duì)應(yīng)的A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)填在相應(yīng)位置上。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AShortArtCoursesA.WildArtThiscourseisaboutdrawingandpainting.You’lluseyournewskillstomakeawallposterofanimals.Andwe’vegotlotsofpicturebookstogiveyouideas.B.ArtMattersThiscourseteachesyoudifferentdrawingskills.We’llgetyoutodrawthelateststylesofclothes.Ifyoulikedesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege,joinus!C.CreativeArtThiscourseisaboutmakingbagstokeepyoursportsclothesin.Weprovidelotsofmaterials.Andyou’llvisitartmuseumstogetsomecreativeideas.D.ArtMagicThiscourseisabouttellinggoodstoriesinpictures.There’llbecartoonfilmstowatchandinstructioninhowtodrawyourfavoritecharacters.21.________I’minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.Alice22.________IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI’dliketoreadpicturebooks.Tony23.________Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.Harry【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)短期美術(shù)課程，并為三個(gè)孩子匹配適合他們的課程。【21題詳解】根據(jù)“I’minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.”可知愛(ài)麗絲對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)衣服感興趣，想要在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)衣服，B項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)很重要本課程教你不同的繪畫(huà)技巧。我們會(huì)讓你畫(huà)最新款式的衣服。如果你喜歡服裝設(shè)計(jì)，想在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)它，加入我們吧！”與之匹配。故選B。【22題詳解】根據(jù)“IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI’dliketoreadpicturebooks.”可知托尼喜歡制作動(dòng)物海報(bào)和讀圖畫(huà)書(shū)，A項(xiàng)“野生的藝術(shù)這門(mén)課程是關(guān)于素描和繪畫(huà)的。你將使用你的新技能制作一幅動(dòng)物海報(bào)。我們有很多圖畫(huà)書(shū)可以給你靈感?！迸c之匹配。故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.”可知哈里喜歡制作包，并且想要參觀藝術(shù)博物館來(lái)尋找創(chuàng)作靈感，C項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)這門(mén)課程是關(guān)于制作包來(lái)裝你的運(yùn)動(dòng)服。我們提供很多材料。你還可以參觀藝術(shù)博物館，獲得一些創(chuàng)意。”與之匹配。故選C。(二)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。BBettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavidwasbusyhelpingDadgeteverythingbackintothecar.“Whatareyougoingtodowiththoseuselessthings?”hesaid.“Youcan’ttakethemhome.”“ButIwanttheseseashells,”Bettysaidunhappily.“Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial.”Suddenly,Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty,“Thewaves（海浪）areabouttotakeyourtoys!”AsBettyrantogetherthings,shecalledtoDavid,“Pleaseputmyseashellsintothecar!”Davidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebasket.AsDavidliftedaheavybox,heslipped（滑倒）anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells,breakingmostofthemintopieces.Bettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocry.Davidstartedtopickuptheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintothebasket.DadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccident.ButBettywasstillupset.Davidalsofeltsad.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.ThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellsandsomestrongglue.Healsohadaframed（裝框的）photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedtheseashellstotheframe.“I’mreallysorry,Betty.”Davidsaid.“YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.”Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled.“You’rethebestbigbrotherever!”24.WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells?A.Clean. B.Useless. C.Expensive. D.Special.25.Bettybegantocrywhen________.A.sheslippedandhurtherself B.sheknockedoverthebasketC.shesawthebrokenseashells D.shetoldherdadabouttheaccident26.Davidgluedtheseashellstotheframeto________.A.makeituptohissister B.develophispaintingskillC.prepareagiftforhisdad D.makethepicturebeautiful【答案】24.D25.C26.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了Betty一家去海邊玩，回家的時(shí)候Betty撿了一筐貝殼但是被她的哥哥David不小心弄碎了，Betty很沮喪，第二天David為了表示自己的歉意，主動(dòng)提出把幾個(gè)完好無(wú)損的貝殼粘在裝有他們兩個(gè)相片的相框邊。Betty原諒了David，認(rèn)為David永遠(yuǎn)是最棒的哥哥?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial.”可知，Betty覺(jué)得那些貝殼很特別。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocry.”可知，當(dāng)她看到貝殼碎了，她開(kāi)始哭泣起來(lái)。故選C?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.”可知David把貝殼粘在相框上是為了補(bǔ)償她的妹妹。故選A。CDoyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste?AccordingtotheUnitedNations(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十億)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime,therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunger.Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimate(氣候)change.Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?Oneeffectivesolutionisbalancingfoodproductionwithdemand(需求).Inhotelsandothersimilarplaces,specialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingspecialistsjustprepareandcookfoodasitisordered.Anothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(減少)foodwaste.Storesandbuyerscantrytheirbesttobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstructionstellingthemhowtomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestquality(質(zhì)量).Sometimes,thefoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtandthenusedtomakedeliciousdishes.Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.Challengingasitis,theuseofmealplansinpreparingfoodcanplayanimportantroleinendingfoodwasteinthefamily.Foodrecyclingisoneoftheknownsolutions.Effortsarenowalreadyinprogress.Foodthatisnotsafeforhumanstoeatisrecycledintootherproductssuchasanimalfeedsandclothing.Yet,thereisstillalongwaytogoandmuchforimprovementinthisarea.Inaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofourfuture.27.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A.Theproblemofworldwidehunger. B.Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.CThespeed-upofclimatechange. D.Asuddendropinpopulation.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful. B.Buyersshouldgiveupnon-topqualityfood.C.Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes. D.Mealplansinthefamilyarehardtoputintopractice.29.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste. B.Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C.Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste. D.Theattitudetothefoodwasteproblem.【答案】27.C28.D29.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了食物浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)狀以及四個(gè)解決食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題的方法，并得出結(jié)論：如果我們每個(gè)人都做出努力，食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題一定會(huì)有所改善?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimatechange.”可知食物浪費(fèi)可能造成的一個(gè)結(jié)果是氣候變化的加速。故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.”可知家庭的膳食計(jì)劃很難付諸實(shí)施。故選D。【29題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?”以及通讀全文可知主要介紹了四種解決食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題的方法。故選B。DWhenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn’thavethese,wemightaswellsitinfrontofthetelevisiononaquietevening.Pleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn’tbringhappiness.Whenpeoplethinkfurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(傾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintorememberotherevents,otherexperiencesthatoverlap(有重疊)pleasurableonesbutfallintoagroupwithaseparatename:enjoyment.Enjoyableeventstakeplacewhenpeoplehavenotonlysatisfiedaneedormetsomeearlierexpectation,butalsoachievedsomethingunexpected.Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyaretakingplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,“Thatreallywasfun”andwishtheywouldhappenagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechanged,andgrown.Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.Forexample,everybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficult—youhavetopayenoughattentiontoameal,soastosenseandtellitsvarioustastes.Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.Apersoncanfeelpleasurewithoutanyeffort,aslongascertainpartsinhisbrainarestimulated(刺激).Butit’simpossibletoenjoyatennisgameorabookwithoutfullattention.It’sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong,nordoesitmakeusgrow.Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.Withoutenjoyment,lifewillgoon,anditcanevenbepleasant.Butitdependsheavilyonluckandtheexternal(外部的)environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperience,however,weneedtolearnhowtobuildenjoymentintowhathappensdayin,dayout.30.Youwillmostprobablyexperienceenjoymentwhenyou________.A.buyexpensiveshoes B.orderadeliciousmealC.talkwithfriendsfornewideas D.sitquietlyinfrontofatelevision31.Whatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromthepassage?A.Enjoymentgrowsoutofpleasure.B.Pleasureandenjoymentcomehandinhand.C.Pleasurableexperiencesarepartofenjoyableones.D.Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.32.Thewords“psychicenergy”inParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A.attention B.interest C.ability D.knowledge33.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.feelingpleasurestopspeoplefromachievinggrowthB.feelingenjoymentcomeswithachievinggrowthC.aworthylifedependsonluckandenvironmentD.pleasureisthekeytoahappyandworthylife【答案】30.C31.D32.A33.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了快樂(lè)和享受的聯(lián)系和對(duì)比?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.”可知打一場(chǎng)能提高一個(gè)人能力的網(wǎng)球是令人愉快的，就像讀一本從新的角度看待事物的書(shū)一樣，就像進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)能讓我們表達(dá)自己不知道自己擁有的想法的談話一樣。由此推出當(dāng)你和朋友談?wù)撔孪敕〞r(shí)，你很可能會(huì)體驗(yàn)到樂(lè)趣。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.”可知有些經(jīng)歷既能帶來(lái)愉悅，又能帶來(lái)享受。故選D?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.”可知正如這個(gè)例子所表明的，我們可以在沒(méi)有任何精神能量的情況下體驗(yàn)快樂(lè)，而享受只有在全神貫注的情況下才會(huì)發(fā)生。psychicenergy與attention意思相近。故選A?！?3題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.”以及“Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.”可知作者會(huì)贊成“感到快樂(lè)與得到成長(zhǎng)是相輔相成的”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B。第二部分本部分共5題,共20分。根據(jù)題目要求,完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)(第34-36題每題2分,第37題4分,共10分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesitcanbebothersome(惱人的).OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused(專注的).Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundthattheurge(沖動(dòng))wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takeaphoto,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.34.Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?___________________________________________35Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?___________________________________________36.Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?___________________________________________37.Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter’sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________【答案】34.Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.35.Afterthreeweeks.36.Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.37.Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.

【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者100天不使用手機(jī)的經(jīng)歷，一開(kāi)始不使用手機(jī)會(huì)讓人很焦慮，但是三周后發(fā)生了很多可喜的變化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)世界的美?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.”可知害怕錯(cuò)過(guò)重要的消息讓作者查看手機(jī)更頻繁了。故填Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.【35題詳解】根據(jù)“However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.”可知三周后作者開(kāi)始注意到自己的改變。故填A(yù)fterthreeweeks.【36題詳解】根據(jù)“Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.”可知作者計(jì)劃盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地遠(yuǎn)離手機(jī)。故填Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.【37題詳解】主觀發(fā)揮題，言之有理即可。故填Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.五、文段表達(dá)(10分)38.從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題,根據(jù)所給提示,完成一篇不少于50詞的英語(yǔ)文段寫(xiě)作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫(xiě)出你的校名和姓名。題目①38.假設(shè)你是李華。你們班想在畢業(yè)之前為學(xué)校做一件有意義的事，如種植紀(jì)念樹(shù)、去校圖書(shū)館整理圖書(shū)等。你打算邀請(qǐng)交換生Peter參加這次活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英文給他寫(xiě)一封電子郵件，告訴他活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、意義及安排。提示詞語(yǔ)：invite,plant,meaningful,beautiful,library提示問(wèn)題：Whatactivitydoyouplantodo?Whydoyouwanttoorganizethisactivity?Whenandwherewillyouhavethisactivity?DearPeter,Howiseverythinggoing?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua【答案】例文：DearPeter,Howiseverythinggoing?I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinus.Aswearegoingtograduate,ourclassmatesplantoplantatreetogether.Weallknowthattreescanstopthewindfromblowingthesand,andtheycanalsomakeourschoolbea