新目標(biāo)八年級下學(xué)期英語unit1單元測試題和考點(diǎn)

新目標(biāo)八年級下學(xué)期英語unitl單元測試題和考點(diǎn)

UnitlWillpeoplehaverobots?

一.短語互譯：

1.紙幣2.信用卡

3.太空站4.住在一幢公寓里_______

5.喜愛上…6.看上去時髦

7.keepapetparrot

8.haveleisuretime

9.wearcrazyclothes

10.gotoHongKongonvacation

11.personalcomputer

12.theheadofthecompany

13.turnagainst

14.第一次15.奧運(yùn)會

16.遠(yuǎn)離17.超過，多于

18.至少，最少19.整頓、清理______

20.為某事打賭

二.單項(xiàng)選擇。

1.—Willpeoplelivetobe300yearsold?

A.No,theyaren'tB.No,theywon't

C.No,theydon'tD.No,theycan't

2.Therewillbepollutionthisyearthanlastyear.

A.fewerB.muchC.lessD.many

3.Ithinkpeopleherearefriendly.Doyouagree

me?

A.withB.toC.onD.from

4.——WhereisMissWang?

——ShewenttoHainanIslandlastweekandwillreturn

__________sixdays.

A.agoB.laterC.behindD.in

5._willtheyplay?

—Theywillplayfootball.

A.WhatsubjectB.Whatsport

C.WhatfoodD.Whatlanguage

6.Iwillseeyouagain.

A.adayB.everydayC.onedayD.everyday

7.Ihopeyourdreamwill,

A.cometrueB.comeoutC.comeinD.comeon

8.Everyonewantstotothemoonforvacations.

A.walkB.runC.swimD.fly

9.Thiscoatdoesn'tfithimwell,ashehasahuge

bodyandthecoatissmall.

A.so;suchB.so;soC.such;suchD.such;so

10.——Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetrees?

—Icanseebirdsinthem.

A.hundredsofB.fivehundreds

B.C.hundredofD.fivehundredsof

三.根據(jù)漢語意思，完成句子。一空一詞。

1.書籍將會僅僅在電腦，而不在紙上。

Booksonlyoncomputers,notpaper.

2.今后在這座城市將會有更多的樹木，更少的污染。

Therewilltreesandpollutioninthecityinf

uture.

3.五年前薩莉還在上大學(xué)。

Sallywascollegefiveyears.

4.你認(rèn)為十年后你的朋友會做什么職業(yè)?

doyouthinkyourfriendwilltenyears?

5.他們不會去野營。我確信他們將來參加我們的聚會的。

Theygocamping.

Theycometoourparty,I'msure.

四.完形填空。

Weliveincomputerage（時代）.People]scientists,

teachers,writersandevenstudentsusecomputerstodoallkinds

ofwork.Butmorethan30yearsago,2couldn'tdomuch.

Theywereverybigandexpensive.Very3peoplewere

interestedinthemandknewhowtousethem.Todaycomputers

aresmallerand4.Buttheycandoalotofwork,many

peopleliketousethem.Somepeople5havethemathome.

Computersbecomeveryimportantbecausetheycan

work6thanpeopleandmakefewermistakes.Computers

can7peopledoalotofwork.Writersnowusecomputers

to8,Teachersusethemtohelpteaching.Studentsusethem

to9,Computerscanalsorememberwhatyou10them.

Computersareveryusefulandhelpful.Theyareourfriends.Do

youwanttohaveacomputer?

1.A.likeB.asC.andD.with

2.A.studentsB.scientistsC.teachersD.computers

3.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle

4.A.cheapB.cheaperC.moreexpensiveD.expensive

5.A.evenB.stillC.alreadyD.yet

6.A.fastB.fasterC.slowD.slower

7.A.helpB.makeC.stopD.use

8.A.writeB.playC.studyD.learn

9.A.singB.studyC.danceD.watch

10.A.putinB.putonC.putintoD.putup

五.閱讀理解

（-）

DearJohn,

Thankyouverymuchforyourletter.Iamgladthatyouenjoye

dyourholidaywithme.Weenjoyedhavingyouandyoursisterhe

re.Wehopethatyouwillbothbeabletocomeagainnextyear.Pe

rhapsyou'llbeabletostaylongernexttimeyoucome.Aweekis

notreallylongenough,isit?Ifyourschoolhasfiveweeksholiday

nextyear,perhaps（或許）

you'llbeabletostaywithusfortwoorthreeweeks.

Wehavebeenlongbackatschoolthreeweeksnow.Itfeelsliket

hreemonths!Iexpect（期待）thatyouarebothworkingveryhar

dnowthatyouareinGradeOne.Ishallhavetoworkhardnexty

earwhenIaminGradeOne.TomandAnnwon'tbeinGradeOne

until2005.

TheywentforapicnicyesterdaybutIdidn'tgowiththembeca

useIcutmyfootandIcouldn,twalkverywell.Theywenttoani

slandandenjoyedthemselves.Doyoustillremembertheisland?

That'swhereallfiveofusspentthelastdayofourholiday.

Tom,AnnandIsendourbestwishestoBettyandyou.Wehop

etoseeyousoon.

Yourssincerely,

Michael

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。

1.stayedwithMichaelforaholiday.

A.OnlyJohn

B.OnlyTomandAnn

C.Johnandhissister

D.OnlyTom

2.Theirholidaylastedfor.

A.oneweek

B.twoweeks

C.threeweeks

D.fiveweeks

3.Fromthewordsof“Itfeelslikethreemonths!”weknowthat

A.Michael'steacherisverystrictwiththestudents

B.Michaelispleasedwithhisschoolreport

C.Michaelhasnointerestinlearning

D.Michaelworksveryhardathisstudies

4.inGradeOnenow.

A.Johnandhissisterareboth

B.Johnis

C.John'ssisteris

D.Michaelis

5.Whydidn'tMichaelgototheislandforpicnic?

A.Hehadtogotoschool.

B.Hedidn'tliketheisland.

C.Somethingwaswrongwithhisfoot.

D.Theweatherwasbadthatday.

（二）

Aliftisveryuseful.Itlookslikeasmallroom.Itgoesupand

downallday.Sometimesaworkerstandsinthelift.Heorshe

operates（操作）itupanddown.Inmodernliftsthere'snowoiker.

Peoplewalkin.Theyknowwhatfloortheywanttogo.Theypush

abutton（按鈕）andtheliftgoestothatfloor.It'sveryfastand

easy.

Liftsareveryimportanttous.Why?Thinkaboutatall

building.Maybeithastwentyfloors.Maybeithasfiftyormore.

Whocanwalkupallthestairs（樓梯）？Maybepeoplecanclimb

themonce.Cansomeoneclimbthirtyfloorstoanofficeeveryday?

Cansmallchildrenwalkuptotheirroomsonthetwenty-four

floor?Cantheirmothersorfatherscarryfooduptoallthosestairs?

Ofcoursenot.Wecanhaveveryhighbuildingsbecausewehave

lifts.Wecouldnothaveallthebeautifultallbuildingswithout

lifts.Becauseitistootiredforpeopletoclimbthestairsevery

根據(jù)短文的意思回答問題或完成句子。

56.Whatisaliftlike?_______________________________

57.Whatdoesaworkerdowhenheorshestandinthelift?

58.Cansmallchildrenwalkuptotheirroomonthe

twenty-fourfloor?

59.Whydowehavemanyhighbuildings?

60.Canyougiveatitleforthepassage?

六.寫作訓(xùn)練

想象一下你們未來的學(xué)校、教室，寫一篇短文介紹你們未來

的學(xué)校、教室或未來的你。題目自擬。

參考答案：

1.papermoney2.creditcard

3.spacestation4.liveinanapartment

5.fallinlovewith...6.looksmart

7.養(yǎng)一只寵物鸚鵡

8.有閑暇時間

9.穿古怪的衣服

10.去香港度假

11.個人電腦

12.公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

13.反對

14.forthefirsttime15.OlympicGames

16.faraway17.morethan

18.atleast19.cleanup20.beton

1.B

2.Co本句是一個含有比較級的句子。fewer用來修飾可數(shù)

名詞，less用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而句中的pollution是不可數(shù)名

詞，故選C項(xiàng)。

3.Ao"同意某人（與某人意見一致）”要用agreewithsb.結(jié)

構(gòu)。

4.D

5.B

6.C。oneday意為“將來有一天或過去曾經(jīng)有一天”，可用

于將來或過去時態(tài)句中。

7.Ao該句意為“我希望你夢想成真?！彼膫€選項(xiàng)中只有A

項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.D

9.D。such主要修飾名詞，so主要修飾形容詞或副詞。

10.A

三.

1.will,be,on

2.be,more,less

3.in,ago

4.What,be,in

5.WontWill

四.1一5ADABA6—10BAABC

五.（1）CACAC

（二）1.Itlookslikeasmallroom.

2.Heorsheoperatesitupanddown.

3.No,theycan't.

4.Wecanhaveveryhighbuildingsbecausewehave

lifts.

5.lift

七年級（下）英語第一次月考測試題（U1-3）

說明：本試卷共100分，聽力卷20分，筆試卷80分?？荚嚂r間

90分鐘

By:MrPeer

第一卷聽力（20分）

.Listenandcirclethesentencesyouhear.聽老師念,圈出你

所聽到的單詞或句子。（10分）

1.A.bankB.thankC.passD.than

2.A.thinkB.themC.with

D.brother

3.A.whereB.chairC.here

D.there

4.A.roomB.cookC.would

D.neighborhood

5.A.breadB.heavyC.meat

D.sweater

6.A.LinTaocomesfromChina,B.LinTaoisfrom

china.

C.LinTaoisaChineseboy.

7.A.Isthatascarytiger?B.Thatisascary

tiger.

C.Isthattigerveryscary?

8.A.Mr.Smithisaninterestingman.B.IsMr.Smitha

cleverman?

C.Mrs.Smithisveryfriendly

9.A.Whatanimalsdoyoulike?B.Whatotheranimalsdo

youlike?

C.Whydoyoulikeanimals?

10.A.Whendoesthiscleverdolphinsleep?

B.Whyaretheylookingatme?C.Whataretheylooking

at?

二.Listenandchoosetherightanswer.聽對話,選擇正確答案.(5

分)

11.DoesJimlikeEnglish?

A.Yes,hedoes,B.No,hedoesiVt.

C.Sorry,Idon'tknow.D.HelikesEnglishvery

much.

12.HowmanyfamilymembersdoesJuliehave?

A.4B.5C.6D.7

13.WhatdoesSamlikedoinginthemorning?

A.ReadingB.SwimmingC.WalkingD.

Playingsports

14.Whatcan,tTomseeinthepicture?

A.ArestaurantB.AnoldhouseC.AlibraryD.

Apostoffice

15.What'sinthedrawer?

A.AnorangeB.AnappleC.AsetofkeysD.A

二.Listentothelongconversationandchoosethebestanswers.

聽長對話,選擇正確答案.（5分）

ConversationA.

16.WhereisAmy'spenpalfrom?

A.JapanB.AmericaC.theUKD.Australia

17.Howmanysistersdoesherpenpalhave?

A.OneB.Two.C.ThreeD.None

ConversationB.

18.Jacklives.

A.nearBridgeStreetB.onJacksonStreet

C.neardowntownD.onSixthAvenue

19.Jackplaystennisinthepark.

A.everymorningB.onceaweek

C.SaturdayafternoonsD.afterschool

20.Thelibraryis.

A.onBridgeStreetB.acrossfromthepark

C.nexttothehotelD.onthecorner

第二卷筆試部分（80分）

Choosethebestanswer.單項(xiàng)選擇（20分）

21.Whereyourteachersfrom?

A.beB.isC.are

22.ThisE-mailismypenpal.

A.ofB.onC.from

23.IcanspeakEnglishnow,soFmglad.

A.littleB.alittleC.many

24.Youlookbeautifulthisnewdress.

A.haveB.inC.on

25.Tigerslikemeat.

A.eatB.eatsC.eating

26.Iworkandsleep.

A.inday,atnightB.attheday,innightC.duringthe

day,atnight

27.Look!UncleWangfootball.

A.isdoingB.playsC.isplaying

28.—Excuseme!Istherehospitalaroundme?

-Yes,thereis.

A.a,B.the,C.an,D.\,

29.BridgeStreetisagoodplace.

A.funB.tofunC.tohavefunD.havefun

30.Attheofthisterm,Tomworksveryhard.

A.beginB.beginingC.beginsD.beginning

31.Canyouwritemesoon?

A.withB.inC.toD.about

32.Theresomeorangesandanappleonhisdesk.

A.beB.isC.areD.am

33.Look!TherearealotofpeopleandcarsonNewStreet.It”sa

street.

A.lazyB.busyC.easyD.quiet

34.Lilysciencebecauseshethinksit"stoodifficult.

A.likeB.dislikeC.likesD.dislikes

35.1hopeyou.

A.havegoodtripB.haveagoodtrip

C.havegoodatripD.havetrip

36.Wewalktheparkandenjoyourmealunderatreeat

twelveo'clock.

A.acrossB.toC.betweenD.through

37.一Whydoyoulikekoalas?--theyarecuteandsmart.

A.AndB.ForC.Because

38.pandasfromChina?

A.AreB.IsC.Do

39.Studentsninehoursaday.

A.sleepsB.sleepC.aresleep

40.Peopleusuallythinklionsarescary.

A.kindsofB.kindC.kindof

—.CloseTest完形填空(10分)

LiLeigetsane-mail41JacksonWilson.Jackisa

studentinCanada.Hewantsto42Chinese.

Dearfriend,

MynameisJackWilson.IamfromToronto,43.Iam

13yearsold.I'maschoolboy;IknowChinaisagreat44.I

wanttomakefriends(父朋友)45ChinaandIwanttolearn

Chinese.

Therearenineteenstudentsin46class.My

classmatesarefromsixcountries.TheyarelearningEnglish.My

parentsarefromFrance.They47French.IspeakEnglish

andFrench.TherearemanyChinese48inToronto.Iwant

tolearnChinese,49IdonthaveanyChinesetextbooks.

Couldyou50me?

Pleasewritebacksoon.Thankyou.

JackWilson

()41.A.forB.toC.fromD.of

()42.A.teachB.learnC.speakD.know

()43.A.CanadaB.JapanC.AustraliaD.

France

()44.A.cityB.countryC.peopleD.school

()45.A.onB.atC.inD.to

()46.A.hisB.yourC.myD.their

）47.A.speakB.tellC.sayD.talk

）48.A.thereB.hereC.peoplesD.students

）49.A.soB.andC.forD.but

）50.A.giveB.helpC.writeD.leave

二.Readingthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.閱讀理解

（30分）

（A）

AFrenchwomangoestoLondontoseeherson.Sheknows

alittleEnglish,butcannotspeakitverywell.Onedayshegoes

toashop.Shewantstobuyahen（母雞）forsupper.Butshecan

notremember（記得）theEnglishwordfor"hen".Justthenthe

shopwaiterasksher:"CanIhelpyou?""Iwanttheegg"s

mother^thewomananswered.Theshopwaiterdoesnot

understand（明白）herandsays:64Sorry,wehavenotany

bigger（較大的）eggs."Suddenly（突然）thewomanremembers（t己

起）theword"cock（公雞）".Shesays:"Iwantthecock's

wifel^Thistimetheshopwaiterlaughs（笑）?

51.ThewomangoestoLondon.

A.tolearnEnglishB.tohavesupperC.toseeher

son

52.Thewoman.

A.onlyknowsalittleEnglishB.knowsmuchEnglish

C.doesn'tknowEnglish

53.Theshopwaiterthinktheegg'smothermustbe”

A.biggereggsB.thecock'swifeC.hens

54.Theshopwaiterlaughsbecausehe.

A.understandthewomanatlastB.thinkitis

interesting（有趣的）

C.doesnotunderstandthewoman

55.Isthewomanclever（聰明的）?

A.YesheisB.Nosheisn'tC.Yessheis

（B）

Mr.andMrs.SmithcomefromLondon,England.Theyworkin

Chinanow.TheyteachEnglishinamiddleschool.Theyliketheir

workverymuch.Theyhavetwochildren,SamandSue.They

arebothinShanghaiwiththeirparents.Mr.Smithcan'tspeak

Chinese,buthiswifecanspeakitverywell.

Mr.Smithlikesswimmingandreading,andMrs.Smithlikes

swimmingandreading,too.Theyoftengoswimminginthe

afternoonandreadintheevening.SamandSuelikeplaying

gameswithChineseboysandgirls.

Sam'suncleworksonafarmnearLondon.Helikesswimming,

too.HewantstoworkinShanghai,buthecan'tspeakChinese.So

heisstill（仍然）thereandgoestoChineseclasseseveryday.

56.WhereareSamandSuefrom?

A.CanadaB.AmericaC.EnglandD.

Australia

57.WhatsportdoesMrs.Smithlike?

A.SwimmingB.RunningC.Playingbasketball

D.Walking

58.WhatdoesSam'suncledo?

A.AteacherB.AworkerC.AfarmerD.

Anactor

59.WhatdoesSuelike?

A.SwimmingandreadingB.Playingcomputergames

C.WatchingTVD.Playinggames

60.areindifferentcountriesnow.

A.Mr.andMrs.SmithB.Mrs.Smithandher

children

C.Mr.SmithandhisbrotherD.Mr.Smithandhischildren

(C)

DearPeter,

IknowthatyouarecomingtoLuzhounextweek.Welcome

tomyhome.Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse.Youwilllivein

ChangjiangHotelonChangjiangStreet,won'tyou?OK!

ChangjiangStreetisafamousandbusystreetinourcityYoucan

startfromyourhotelandgostraightalongTongchengStreet.You

passtwosmallstreets:HongxingStreetandLujiangStreet.When

youseeanoverbridge（圖架橋）,pleaseturnrightandgoalong

HuangchengStreet.It'sanoldstreet,butit'sclean.There'sabig

parkonthestreet.It'sbeautifulandclean.Whenyougetto

JinzhaiStreet,pleaseturnleftandgoalongit.Youwillpass

WuhuStreetandTunxiStreet.ThenyoucanseeaKFConyour

right.There'sasupermarketacrossfromtheKFCandmyhouse

isnearthesupermarket.There'sapayphoneinfrontoftheKFC.

YoucancallmethereandIwillgotomeetyou.

Ihopeyouwillhaveagoodtrip.

Yours,

LiLi

61.WherewillPeterliveinHefei?

A.LiLi'sroomB.ChangjiangHotelC.AnhuiHotel

D.Hisfriend'shouse

62.HowisChangjiangStreetbyLiLi'swords?

A.It'sbeautiful.B.It'sfamous.C.It'sold.D.

It'sfamousandbusy.

63.Howmanystreetsarementioned（提及）inthisletter?

A.6B.7C.8D.9

64.Howisthepark?

A.It'soldbutit'sclean.B.It'sonTongchengStreet.

C.It'sbeautifulandclean.D.It'squietanddirty.

65.Where'stheKFC?

A.It'snearLiLi'shome.B.It'sacrossfromthepayphone.

C.It'sacrossfromthesupermarket.D.It'sbetweenthe

supermarketandthepayphone.

四.完成下列對話。（5分）

A:6667,whereisthenearestpolicestation,please?

B:I'm68,1dontknow.Pleaseaskthatman.

A:Thankyouallthesame.Excuseme,whereisthepolicestation,

please?

C:It'soverthere,next69thepostoffice.

A:Thankyouverymuch.

C:Youare70.

JEL.Sentencepatterntransformation.按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型，一空一

詞。（10分）

71.AkoalacomesfromAustralia.（變否定句）

AkoalafromAustralia.

72.Thezooisacrossfromabigandcleanhotel.（對戈線部

分提問）

thezoo?

73.Theshygirlwantstoseegiraffes.（對劃線部分提問）

doestheshygirlwanttosee?

74.對不起，請問郵局在哪兒?

me.Where'sthepost?

75.這兒附近有一個叫佳樂家的超市。

ThereisanamedJialejiainthe

六.writing書面表達(dá)。任意選擇一題。（5分）

l.Mikewantstothenearestmuseumafterlunch,buthe

doesn'tknowthewaytothemuseum.Soheasksapoliceman

nearby.Hereistheirdialogue,pleasecompletetheirdialogue

accordingtothemap.

Mike:Excuseme,isthereamuseumnearhere?

Policeman:Yes,thereis.

Mike:HowcanIgetthere?

Policeman:Crosstheroad.

2.WritesomethingaboutLinglingaccordingtothewordsbelow.

（根據(jù)下列詞和詞組描述這幅圖，數(shù)字在50—80之間。）

Lingling

twoyearsold

nice,beautiful,shy

bigandfat,blackandwhi

eatbamboos

befromChina

七年級(下)英語第一次月考測試題(U1-3)

班級：姓名：得分：

1-[A][B]23.[A][B]45.[A][B]

[C[D][C：[D][C：[D

2JA]IB]24.A]B]46.A]：B]

[C]1D][C：ID[C：ID

3.[A][B]25.[A]47.[A]：B]

[C[B][C：[D][C：[D

4.[A]IB]26.A][B]48.A]：B]

[C]ID][C：|D[C：ID

5.[A][B]27.：A][B]49.：A]：B]

c[D][C：[D][C：[D

6.[A]IB]28.A]B]50.A]：B]

[C]1D][C：ID[C：ID

7.[A][B]29.：A][B]51.：A]：B]

C[B][C：[D][C：[D

8.[A][B]30.[A]52.：A]：B]

|C]ID][C：|D[C：[D

9.[A]IB]31.A][B]53.A]：B]

[C：[B][C：[D][C：[D]

10.[A[B]32.[A][B]54.[A][B]

[C1D[C[D[C(D

11.[AB]33.[A][B]55.[A]：B]

[C：[D][C：[D][C：[D]

12.[A[B]34.[A][B]56.[A]：B]

[C1D[C1D[C1D

13.[AB]35.[A][B]57.[A]：B]

[C][D][C：[D][C：[D]

14.[A[B]36.[A][B]58.[A][B]

|C1D[CID[C1D

15.[A[B]37.[A][B]59.[A]：B]

[C][D]rci[DC[D]

16.[A[Bl38.[Al[Bl60.[Al[B]

[C][D[C][D[C][D]

17.[A]：B]39.[A]B]61.[A][B]

[C][D][C][D：[C][D]

18.fA]B]40.[A]B]62.[A]：B]

[C][D[C][D[C][D

19.[A]：B]41.[A]B]63.[A][B]

[C][D][C]U[C][D]

20.[A]B]42.[A]B]64.[A]：B]

[C]1D[C][DC[D

21.[A]B]43.[A]B]65.[A]：B]

[C][D][C][C][D]

22.[A]B]44.[A]B]

[C][D][C][D

66.67.68.68.70.

70.72.

73.74.

75.

六:

Listeningmaterial聽力材料

一.Listenandcirclethesentencesyouhear.

1.thank2.think3.there4.neighborhood5.meat6.LinTaois

aChineseboy7.Thatisascarytiger.8.Mr.Smithisan

interestingman.9.Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike?10.When

doesthiscleverdolphinsleep?

二.Listenandchoosetherightanswer.聽對話，選擇正確答案.

11.—IlikeEnglishverymuch.Whataboutyou,Jim?

—Idon'tthinkso.Myfavoritesubjectisphysics.

12.—Hi,Julie!Doyouhaveabigfamily?

—Yes.Myparentsworkinapark,mybrotherBillisanactor

andmytwolittlesistersarestudents.

13.——Doyoulikerunninginthemorning,Sam?

--No,Idont.But1likewalkingeverymorning.It'ssorelaxing.

14.——Whatcanyouseeinthepicture,Tom?

—Icanseeanoldhouse.

—Whereisit,then?

-It'sbetweenarestaurantandapostoffice.

15.—Isthereanappleinthedrawer,Nancy?

—No,thereisn't.Buttherearesomekeysinthedrawer.

聽力第三大題詳見評價手冊P109UlTestBandU2TestB

一、英語時態(tài)總結(jié)

(-)現(xiàn)在

時態(tài)(Tense)是表示行為、動作和狀態(tài)在各種時間條件下的

動詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時候，指的是相應(yīng)時態(tài)下

的動詞形式。

英語時態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將

來時，以及這四者的進(jìn)行時、完成時和完成進(jìn)行時。在這里，我

們重點(diǎn)講解一下最常見的11種時態(tài)的用法利注意事項(xiàng)。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時：

A）表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。

eg:Itisaniceday.

今天天氣很好（表現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)）

B）習(xí)慣用語:這個要在平時自己積累，因?yàn)榱?xí)語太多，不做過多

解釋。

eg:Believeitornot,wewonthegame.

我們贏得了比賽，信不信由你。

口語中常說believeitornot,意思是：“信不信由你”"我說的是

真的"。believeitornot是一個固定說法，相當(dāng)個插入語，短

語中的believe沒有詞形變化。

C）經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作。

eg:Healwayshelpsothers.（他總是幫助別人。）

D）客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)

在時，則無法保持主句、從句時態(tài)一致.

eg:Hesaidthatthesunrisesintheeast.

他說過太陽從東方升起

這個句子要注意，前邊雖然said是過去式，但是后邊“太陽從東

方升起”是個客觀真理，故不需同前邊一樣用過去式，而用般

現(xiàn)在時?？偠灾?，記?。嚎陀^事實(shí)無論謂語的時態(tài)是什么都用

一般現(xiàn)在時。

E）表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表

示“來、去、動、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動詞）可以與

表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪

船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。

eg:Whendoestheplaneleave?

飛機(jī)什么時候起飛

eg:Theplaneleavesat3o'clockthisafternoon.

飛機(jī)將在今下午三點(diǎn)起飛

這個句子注意一下，飛機(jī)起飛本來是將來時，但為什么不用將來

時，因?yàn)檫@里表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，飛機(jī)

起飛時間是規(guī)定、計劃好了的。

F）在時間和條件狀語從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時也用現(xiàn)在完

成時）表示將來事情。

eg:Whenyoufinishyourhomework,Iwillhavewaitedfor3

hours.

當(dāng)你完成家庭作業(yè)時，我將已經(jīng)等了三小時了。

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（bedoing）的用法：表示現(xiàn)在正在做的動作，但要

注意短暫性動詞不能用于進(jìn)行時，（短暫性動詞：指該動詞所表

示的動作一發(fā)生就立即結(jié)束，該動作不能延續(xù)，但會產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)

果或影響，即只表示一個短暫的動作，不能表示延續(xù)狀態(tài)。常見

的短暫性動詞如：close,die,come,go,leave,break,lose,buy,join,

recieve,borrow,become,start,begin,post,arrive等）。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時（havedone）:重要考點(diǎn)，初二以后幾乎都是完成時

「態(tài)0

A）表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

eg:Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.

我剛剛完成我的家庭作業(yè)

B）表示從過去某時刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，并且有

可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間狀語常用

since加一個過去的時間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時間，或by加一個現(xiàn)

在時間。這里與進(jìn)行時一樣，不能用短暫性動詞。

eg:WehavebeeninChinafortenyears.

我們來中國已經(jīng)十年了

eg:Theclockhasbeensilentsincethen.

那鐘從那時開始就開始沉寂了（鐘從那時起就敲不響了）

C）表示發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用

點(diǎn)動詞，如：arrive,begin,find,give,lose等。

eg:Johnhasbrokenhisleftleg.

約翰摔斷了左腿。

注息:

A）現(xiàn)在完成時是聯(lián)系過去利現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時和過去時

的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的動態(tài)，或受動態(tài)的影響，是

動態(tài)的結(jié)果，對現(xiàn)在有影響；過去時只表示過去的某個具體時間

里發(fā)生的動作，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。

eg:Heworkedinthathospitalfor8years.

他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。

這只是講述一個過去的事實(shí)，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。

eg:Hehasworkedinthathospitalfor8years.

他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。

表示他從過去開始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)

院工作。

B）因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時間或since加一個時間點(diǎn)這樣的時間狀

語的完成時，有動態(tài)利延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所以不能使用短暫性動詞。

eg:Mysisterhasbeenmarriedfor5years.

我的姐姐已經(jīng)結(jié)婚五年了

過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)

eg:Mysisterhasmarried.Don'tdisturbher.（短暫性動詞）

我的姐姐已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了。不要打擾她

這里的結(jié)婚是動詞過去分詞做謂語，表動作，短暫性動詞。

C）在"thisisthefirst/second/third.......timethat........”句型里要

求用完成時。

eg:Thisisthesecondtimethattheproductsofourcompanyhave

beenshownintheInternationalExhibition.

這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會

D）句型"Itis/hasbeen.......since"所使用的兩種時態(tài)都正確。

eg:Itis/hasbeen10yearssinceIlastsawhim.

從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了

E）在“nosoonerthan"（一..就）、"hardly........when（一...

就）\"before'\"priorto（在…之前）”等句型中，主句要求完

成時。

eg:HardlyhadIgottothebusstopwhenthebusstarted.

我一到公交車站，公交車就啟動了

eg:NosoonerhadIgottothebusstopthanthebusstarted.

我一到公交車站，公交車就啟動了

eg:Ihaven'tmetthatprofessorpriortotoday.

在今天之前我從未見過那位教授

4.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時（havebeendoing）：和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時很像

1）用法：表示某一動作開始于過去某一時間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出

現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。

例:Wehavebeenworkingonthisproj