Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高一英語(yǔ)人教版

Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructuresⅡLearningObjectives1.Learnaboutthespecialusagesofrestrictiveclause.2.Userestrictiveclausetodescribethingshappeninginyourdailylife.1.用that不用which的情況

(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,any,little,few,much,everything,nothing,none等不定代詞或被這些詞修飾時(shí)。(2)當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修飾時(shí)。All

thatIneedisonlyyouradvice.我所需要的只是你的建議。在中國(guó)，父母總是盡他們所能來(lái)支持他們的孩子。InChina,parentsalwaysdoeverything

thattheycantosupporttheirchildren.Chattingistheonlythingthatinterestsher.聊天是她唯一感興趣的事情。(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。texttexttexttexttext1.用that不用which的情況WhenitcomestoJinan,thefirst

thatcomestomindisthespringwater.談到濟(jì)南時(shí)，首先想到的就是泉水。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.這是我第一次來(lái)到這兒。Thatisthebestfilmthathaseverbeenshownsofarinthecity.那是這座城市到目前為止放過(guò)的最好的一部電影。

以上三種情況有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，就是先行詞或先行詞之前的修飾語(yǔ)往往帶有“唯一”或者“全部”的概念，以致無(wú)法作出選擇。因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞which原來(lái)也是疑問(wèn)代詞，表示“哪一個(gè)”，含有選擇意味，所以，關(guān)系代詞用that引導(dǎo)是最安全的選擇。1.用that不用which的情況

(4)當(dāng)主句是以which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。Whichisthebookthatyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪本書(shū)?Whichisoneofthethingsthatmakepeoplehappy?哪一件是讓人快樂(lè)的事?1.只用that不用which的情況(6)被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。Thewriterandhisnovel

thatyouhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.你剛才談到的那個(gè)作家和他的小說(shuō)真的很有名。(5)先行詞既有人又有物，用which和who都不適合，這時(shí)宜用that。Yesterdaymyfathercaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.NowIcanseethetwo

thatarestillalive.(7)如果有兩個(gè)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that，以避免語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù)。Benbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.(1)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。texttexttexttexttext2.只用which不用that的情況I'mlookingforaboxin

whichIcanputalltheseeggs.我在尋找一個(gè)能放下所有這些雞蛋的箱子。Theyearin

whichmyparentsgotmarriedwas2005.我父母結(jié)婚的那年是2005年。(2)在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。Football,

whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球是很有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，全世界的人都在踢。2.只用which不用that的情況(4)關(guān)系代詞后有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。Idon’tlikethat

whichshedid.我不喜歡她做的那件事。What'sthat

whichexcitesyousomuch?是什么事情讓你如此興奮?(3)先行詞本身就是that時(shí)。HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.這就是我告訴過(guò)你的那本英語(yǔ)法書(shū)，它能帶你提高英語(yǔ)。2.只用which不用that的情況LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen.(5)在一個(gè)句子中，如果有兩個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that，那么另一個(gè)從句的關(guān)系代詞宜用which。1.Thefirstthing

youshoulddoistocallthepolicerightaway.2.Tellmeeverythingyouknow.3.Doyouremembertheholidaywespenttogether?4.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganythingtheycouldfind.書(shū)本第3題5.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildingshadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.書(shū)本第4題thatwhich/thatthatthat或/that/which

3.用who不用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞為指人的不定代詞時(shí)，如：one,ones,anyone,noone,

nobody,all,he,she,they等。He

whoplaysatrickmustbepreparedtotake

ajoke.玩花招的人必定會(huì)受到戲弄。One

whoputshisheartintoitissuretosucceed.專心致志的人一定會(huì)成功。Wedon'twantanyone

whoispoortogohungry.我們不想讓任何貧困的人挨餓。3.用who不用that的情況(2)當(dāng)先行詞是those,people或先行詞被those所修飾時(shí)。Those

whoworkhardaresuretoearnmoremoney.工作努力的人一定會(huì)掙更多的錢。Aftertheearthquake,people

whohadsurvivedweresufferingalot.她在地震之后，人們?cè)馐芰嗽S多。3.用who不用that的情況(3)當(dāng)指人的先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。Heisthethirdmanwhowitnessedthemurder.他是這起謀殺案的第三個(gè)見(jiàn)證者。Theywerethefirst

whoarrivedthere.他們是到那里的第一批人。3.用who不用that的情況(4)當(dāng)指人的先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句被其他成分分隔時(shí)。Thepersonisdownstairs

whoyouhavebeenlookingforsincelastyear.自去年以來(lái)你一直在找的那個(gè)人就在樓下。Heistheonlydoctorinthishospital

whoItrust.他是這家醫(yī)院里我唯一信得過(guò)的醫(yī)生。Thelittlegirlwascryinghard

wholostherwaywhilelookingforhermother.那個(gè)小女孩在找媽媽的途中迷了路，正哭得傷心。3.用who不用that的情況(6)在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時(shí)。Sheistheonlygirl(that)Iknowwhocanplaytheguitar.她是我所認(rèn)識(shí)的唯一會(huì)彈吉他的女孩。(5)當(dāng)指人的先行詞由兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾時(shí)（即雙重定語(yǔ)從句），第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句只能用who/whom引導(dǎo)，不能用that。而且第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞不可省略。Thereisayoungladywhoisinastateofshock.有位年輕女士休克了。4.用that不用who的情況(1)在特殊疑問(wèn)句中，如果開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)代詞是who，為了避免重復(fù)，定

語(yǔ)從句宜使用that引導(dǎo)，而不用who。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?站在大門口的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)?Whoisthescientistthatfirstdiscoveredradium?首先發(fā)現(xiàn)鐳的科學(xué)家是誰(shuí)?4.用that不用who的情況(2)當(dāng)先行詞為疑問(wèn)代詞who,which時(shí)。Whothatknowshismisfortunescanhelpfeelinganinterestinhim?凡是了解他的不幸的人，誰(shuí)能不關(guān)心他呢?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?我們中但凡知道點(diǎn)物理知識(shí)的人哪一個(gè)不懂這個(gè)?4.用that不用who的情況(3)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句也不用who引導(dǎo)，而用that，或者省略關(guān)系代詞that。這一般是確認(rèn)性表語(yǔ)。Heisnolongerthemanthathewas.他已經(jīng)不是過(guò)去的他了。(that在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ))Heisnotthefoolthatyouthoughthim.他不是你想象中的那個(gè)傻瓜。(that在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，即thoughthimthefool)4.用that不用who的情況(4)當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)包含人和物時(shí)。Shetookphotographsofthepeopleandthing

thatshewasinterestedin.她把感興趣的人和物全部拍攝了下來(lái)。Thecaranditsdriver

thathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.軋死老人的車和司機(jī)被司機(jī)帶到了警局。1.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeoplewereasleep.書(shū)本第二題

2.Theboythat

youmetlastnightisthegroupleaderstudiesveryhard.

3.Wedon'tknowthenumberofpeoplelosttheirhomesinthedisaster.4.Is

this

the

young

boysavedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings？

書(shū)本第七題whowho

whowho/thatwhowhich/thatthat/whichwhothat/whichthat/whichwhowhowhich/that1.Thevolcaniceruption

happenedlastyeardamagedalotoffarmlandanddestroyedmanyhouse.2.Aftertheearthquake,people

hadsurvivedweresufferingalot.3.Everyone

facesanemergencyshouldkeepclam.4.Ninetypercentofthebuildings

bricksandmetalpipeshadcrackedlayinruins.5.Therescueteamdugoutthose

weretrappedandburiedthedead.6.Aftertheearthquake,wesuppliedsheltersandfirstaidtothosepeople

becomehomeless.7.Sheusuallyhasafirstaidkitonhand

shewilluseinanemergency.8.Anyone

wasshockedbytheearthquakewouldthinkitseemedasiftheworldwereatanend.9.Suchnaturaldisasters

causemuchdamageincludefloods,droughts,landslides,typhoons,hurricanes,tornadoesandtsunamis.10.Iwillneverforgetthetime

wespenttogetherinthearmycamp.11.Happinessisoneofthethings

moneycannotbuy.12.Doyouknowtheboy

waspraisedatthemeeting?定從印發(fā)學(xué)案練習(xí)單句填空1.Heistheman

livesnextdoor.

2.Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog

werejustpassingby.

3.Acomputerissuchausefulmachine

wecanuseeverywhere.

4.PlatowasoneoftheGreekPhilosophers

ideashaveinfluencedWesternsociety.

5.By16:30,

wasalmosttheclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.

6.Themanwith

myfatherisshakinghandsisapoliceman.

who/thatthatwhoseaswhichwhom【變式訓(xùn)練】單句填空(1)We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth

wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.

(2)Theprofessor

youwishtoseehasgoneabroad.

(3)Thisisthewomanscientist

researchisknownaroundtheworld.

which/that/不填who/that/whom/不填whoseⅠ.單句填空1.Theearthquake

hitthecityin1906wasoneofthebiggestdisastersinAmericanhistory.

2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople

losttheirhomesinthedisaster.

3.Haveyoureadthebook

waswrittenbyAnneFrank?

4.Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme

priceaddeduptomorethan1,000yuan.

that/whichwhowhosewhich/that5.Shesaidshewoulddoanything

couldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.

6.Hanyistheboy

motherisourmathsteacher.

7.Thewriterandhiswork

you