江蘇省南京師范大學附屬中學2025屆高三英語下學期5月模擬考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25江蘇省南京師范高校附屬中學2025屆高三英語下學期5月模擬考試試題（含解析）本試卷分四個部分。滿分150分,考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanchecktheweather?A.Sheusesherphone. B.Shelistenstotheradio. C.Shewatchestelevision.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ineverlistentotheradioanyway.Icanjustchecktheweatheronmyphone.W:Idothesamething.Ineverwatchtheweatherforecastontelevision,either.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwilltheboydotonight?A.Studyforanexam. B.Practisedebating. C.Watchabasketballgame.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Areyougoingtomakeittothebasketballgametonight?Iwillbethererightafterdebateteampractice.M:Ican't.Ihaveabigmathstesttomorrow.Ihavetoprepareforit.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesn'ttheboyusethemethodthewomangave?A.Hedoesn'tunderstandit. B.Hedoesn'thaveityet. C.Hedoesn'tlikeit.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Itlookslikeyou'rehavingahardtimewiththatprogramme,Larry.Whydon'tyouusethemethodthatIgaveintheclassyesterday?M:Iwasabsent.I'llaskoneofmyclassmatestosendittome.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Decidingthebestplayer. B.Comingupwithaplan. C.Schedulingthegame.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IfwewanttowinthegamethisFriday,weneedtocomeupwithaplannow.Theybeatuseveryyear.M:Weneedtouseteamworkmore.Johnisourbestplayer,butwecan'tgivehimtheballeverytime.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atastore. B.Atabank. C.Atapark.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.I'mtryingtopaytheparking,butallIhaveisdollarbills.Couldyouspareanychange?M:I'msorry,madam.Butourstorepolicyisnottogiveoutchangeunlessyoubuysomething.W:OK.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Happy. B.Excited. C.Angry.7.Whoistheboytalkingto?A.Apolicewoman. B.Histeacher. C.Hismother.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】原文】W:Tim,Isawyourunningfromthebusstopthismorning.Yourmotherandfatherwouldn'tbehappyseeingyoudothat.M:Iwaslateforschoolthough.W:Youneedtobemorecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.Youneedtowalkduringtherighttimeandintherightplaces.M:ButI'mveryfast.W:Areyouevenlisteningtome?Itisdangerous.Itisalsoagainstthelaw.M:ButIhatewaitingforthelightstochangeandthecarstopassby.Idon'twanttobelate.W:Itisimportanttoobeytherules,butyoursafetyismoreimportant.Idon'twanttoseeanyoneofmystudentsgethurt.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatdoesCaroldowhenshevolunteers?A.Sheperformsforchildren. B.Shepicksuptrash. C.Sheservesdinner.9.HowoftendoesCarolvolunteer?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Threetimesaweek.10.WhatdoesJimworryaboutifhejoinsCarol?A.Knowinglittleaboutthestory.B.Choosingaboringbook.C.Readingforhours.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,Jim.Iwon'tbeabletomakeittothedinnertomorrownight.I'llbebusyvolunteeringatthelibraryduringthattime.M:That'sinteresting,Carol.MostpeopleIknowvolunteerbycollectinggarbageorsomething.Whatdoyoudoatthelibrarywhenyouvolunteer?Aretheyshortonemployeeswhoputawaybooks?W:Nothinglikethat.Ijustreadthechildren'sbooksandactoutsomeofthestoriesforthem.It'sveryfunanditdoesn'ttakelong,maybeoneortwohours.M:Howoftendoyoudothat?W:IdoitonMondayWednesdayandFridayeveryweek.Youshouldcomehelpmewithitonetime.M:Thatsoundslikefun.CanIpickthestoriesIwanttoread?IhatetotryandactoutastoryIneverread.W:Youcanreadanybookaslongasit'sonthelibrary'slist.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whichisasuperfoodaccordingtotheman?A.Yogurt. B.Noodles. C.Rice.12.Whyaresuperfoodshealthy?A.Becausetheycuresometerriblediseases.B.Becausetheyfightagainstsomecancers.C.Becausetheyreducetherisksofsomediseases.13.Whichfoodwillthewomanbeaddingtotheirfamilydiet?A.Fish. B.Tomatoes. C.Brownrice.【答案】11.A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】M:Iwasreadingaboutsuperfoodstoday.Theyarefruits,vegetablesandotherfoodsthataresupposedtobeextrahealthy.W:That'sinteresting.Whichfoodsarethey?Isupposericeishighonthelist.WecertainlyeatalotofthathereinChina.M:No,itisn't.Norarenoodles.Butyogurt,fishandtomatoesarethere.W:Ohwell,Isupposeweeatplentyofthem.Whyarethesefoodssohealthy?M:It'ssaidthattheycanreducetherisksofhighbloodpressure,heartdiseaseandcertaincancers.W:MaybeIwillstartincludingtheminourmeals.Arethereanyfoodsonthelistthatwedon'thaveyet?M:Nutsandgreensaresomethingwealreadyeatplentyof.Andalthoughourtypeofrice—thewhitekind—isn'tonthelist,brownriceis.W:ThenIthinkwewillswitchtothattokeepthefamilyhealthy.Superfoodssoundlikeaverytastywaytokeepfit.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】14.Howdidthemannoticetheproblemfirst?A.Hisbankcalledhim. B.Hisbillshowedhim. C.Hiscreditcardwasstolen.15.Whatdidthebankdotofixtheproblem?A.Theygavethemanhismoneybackatonce.B.Theyaskedthemantoprovidetheevidence.C.Theydecidedtotalktothebank'sowner.16.Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Informationsafety. B.Shoppinghabits. C.Moneymanagement.【答案】14.B15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Ican'tbelievethis.Ihavebeenonthephonewithmybankalldayandtheystillhaven'tfixedmyproblem.W:Isitacreditcardproblem?M:Yes.Mycreditcardinformationwasstolen.WhenIgotmybillinthemail,Isawthereweremanyunfamiliarpurchasesonit.W:That'sterrible.Didtheytakealotofmoney?M:Yes,andIamveryupsetbecausethebankisnothelpingmequickly.Ihavetalkedtomanydifferentmanagersalready.W:Doesn'tthebank'sownerneedtomakethedecisiontogiveyouyourmoneyback?M:No.Ijusthavetoprovethatthesepurchaseswerenotmadebyme.W:Ihopeyoucanfixthisproblemsoon.Somethingsimilarhappenedtomyhusband'smotherrecently.Shewastrickedintogivingawaysomeimportantinformationoverthephone.M:IthinkthepersonwhostolemyinformationgotitfromtheInternet.Iboughtacollectionofmoviesrecently.Iwon'tbedoingthatagainunlessthewebsiteissuretobesafe.It'shonestlymyfaultforbeingcareless.W:Youcanneverbetoocareful.Well,yourproblemisinspiringmetolookintoprotectingmyaccountbetter.IthinkIcanpaymybankmoretohelpme.聽下面一段獨白,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerwantherkidstodo?A.Helpwiththedishes. B.Gotobedimmediately. C.Pickoutsomethingtowear.18.Whenwillthefamilyprobablyneedtoleavetheirhousetomorrow?A.At7：00am. B.At6：00am. C.At5：00am.19.Whydoesn'tthespeakermakedinner?A.Thereisnofoodleftathome.B.Shedoesn'twanttomakeamess.C.Theyhavealreadyeatenatarestaurant.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Tomakesureeveryonegetsready.B.Tomakethehouseclean.C.Tomakearegularplan.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Listenup,youtwo.Weneedtoleavethishousebeforethesunrisestomorrow.Yourfatherwillbehomesoonfromworkandoncehegetshome,wewillbepackingourbags.Weneedyouguystodothesamethingtonight.Iwanteverythingyou'regoingtobringputoutinthelivingroombeforeyougotobed.Beforeyoupackeverythingthough,youneedtoputasidetheclothesfortomorrow.Idon'twanttowaitforyoutosearchforotherclothesortounpackyourbagtogetsomething.Ourflightisat7：00am,anditwilltakeaboutahalfhourtogettotheairportfromhere.We'llprobablyneedanotherhourtogetthroughsecurity.Also,IknowIsaidthatwewouldgooutforourmealtonight,butthereisjusttoomuchtodo.IaskedyourfathertopickupsomeChinesefoodfordinnerinstead.Ican'tbebotheredtocooksomethingsinceIjustcleanedeverything.Ifyouwantaspecificdishattherestaurant,youwillneedtocallyourfather.Otherwise,hewilljustpickupsomethingthatwecanallshare.AreyouclearoneverythingIsaid?其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。ASpringistheperfecttimetoenjoyastayatsomehistorichousehotelsandenjoytheirsuperbgardensinbloom.MiddlethorpeHallGardens—YorkMiddlethorpeHallissetwithin20acresofgardensandparkland,whichhavebeenextensivelyrestoredandreplantedsincethe1980's.Walkswerere-createdprovidingpaths,allowinggueststodiscoverwildlifeincludingroedeerandvariousnestingbirdsaroundthelake.Thekitchengardenproducesnotonlyabeautifuldisplayofflowersbutholdsherbbedswhichhavebeenplantedforfruits:apples,pears,plumsandpeaches,allofwhichareusedbythechefstocreatewonderfulpuddings.Theteamofgardenershasalsocreatedanorganic“potager”,producingawideselectionofvegetables.GuestscanfollowaspecialtreetrailaroundthegroundsofMiddlethorpeHall,withacopyoftheir“TheGardensandTreesofInterest”GuideandMaptoidentifyspecimens(標本).GuestsshouldheadtowardtheEnglishOak,atreeplantedsome200yearsago.HartwellHouseGardens—BuckinghamshireDesignedatthestartofthe18thcenturyandlandscapedbyRichardWoods,thegardensatHartwellHouseofferguestsplentytoexplore.YoucanspendhoursdiscoveringthegroundswhichincludeaGothicTower,aStatueofHercules,amile-longavenueandtheCanalTemplehometo10,000daffodils.Akitchengardenusedbythechefsfeaturespeach,pearandplumtrees.GuestscanfollowatrailaroundthegroundswithacopyoftheirTreeMaptoidentify10specimens.Severaltenniscourtsarealsoavailableforguestuse.21.AtMiddlethorpeHallGardens,theguestscan________．A.plantEnglishoaktrees B.growfruitsinthegardenC.getclosetowildanimals D.makepuddingsinthekitchen22.Whatdothesetwogardenshaveincommon?A.Bothweredesignedinthe18thcentury.B.Bothareequippedwithsportsfacilities.C.Bothhavespecimensforgueststoexplore.D.Bothprovidethefreshestvegetablestoguests.23.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A.Ahotelreview. B.Atravelguide.C.Aresearchjournal. D.Ahistoricaldocument.【答案】21.C22.C23.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了MiddlethorpeHallGardens和HartwellHouseGardens兩個帶有花園的酒店的特色?！?1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MiddlethorpeHallGardens景點介紹的其次段“allowinggueststodiscoverwildlifeincludingroedeerandvariousnestingbirdsaroundthelake.(旅客可以有機會邂逅野生動物，包括狍和各種湖邊的筑巢的鳥)”可知，在MiddlethorpeHallGardens，我們可以親近野生動物。故選C項?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)MiddlethorpeHallGardens—York景點介紹的第四段“GuestscanfollowaspecialtreetrailaroundthegroundsofMiddlethorpeHall,withacopyoftheir“TheGardensandTreesofInterest”GuideandMaptoidentifyspecimens(標本).(客人們可以沿著一條樹林的小徑，巡游MiddlethorpeHall四周的空曠之地。同時，可以拿著一本《好玩的樹木和花園》和地圖鑒定標本)”和HartwellHouseGardens景點介紹的第三段“GuestscanfollowatrailaroundthegroundswithacopyoftheirTreeMaptoidentify10specimens.(客人們可以沿著一條小徑，巡游四周的空曠之地。同時，可以拿著一本《樹木地圖》鑒定10種不同的標本)”可知，兩個花園景點的共同點是都可以收集鑒定標本。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章首段“Springistheperfecttimetoenjoyastayatsomehistorichousehotelsandenjoytheirsuperbgardensinbloom.(春季是一個美妙的世界。最適合入住一些古老的別墅酒店，還可以觀賞百花盛開的庭院的美景)”及下面兩個詳細景點特色的介紹可知，這是一篇旅行指南。故選B項。BForaslongasIcanremember,mybodyandIhavesharedarelationshipofdiscontent.Growingup,IwasskinnierthantheotherkidsandatfiveIwastoldIwasn'tattractiveandthatImustputonsomeweight.ButnomatterhowmuchIate,Istayedthinforyearsuntiladolescence.ThenIstartedputtingonweightalmostimmediately.IrememberfeelinghappyasIbegantofillout.However,myjoydidn'tlastlong.IwasthirteenwhenIwasfirstcalledfat.Friendsandneighbourswouldmakejokesonmybigsize.AsIenteredmylateteens,Ihadcompletelylostconfidenceinmybodyand,subsequently,inmyself.Havingfailedtoliveuptoconventionalbeautystandards,IwasconvincedthatifIwantedtobeloved,Ineededtooffermore,doinganythingtopleaseeveryonearound.IenteredadulthoodthinkingIwasn't“enough”—anideathatwasseedednotonlybythefactthat“skinny”iscelebrated,butalsobythelanguageassociatedwithaccountsoflosingweight—self-improvement,discipline—allvirtues.Beingfatquicklycategorizesyouaslazyandundisciplined.Consumedbythoughtsofthewaymybodylooked,Ididn'tnoticetheotherwaysmybodyneededattention.Ifailedtorealize,forexample,thatmyperiodwasmuchheavierandmorepainfulthaneverbefore.ActuallyIdevelopedararediseaseandlaterIhadtwosurgeries.Iwasalwaysmadetofeelthatmyweightwastherootofalotofproblemsinmylife;Ihavelearntthisisnottrue.Afteralotofself-reflectionandsomeprofessionalhelp,IrealizedIneverlearnttolikemyself.Whiletwodecadesofself-hatredcannotbeundoneovernight,Ihavetakenfirststepstoacceptance.Iamnowmuchlighterthanbefore,inbodyandmind.TherearedaysIfindvoicesonsocialmediasayingIamtoofattobelovedortobeworthy,butIamlearningnottofocusonthatthoughtforlong.AslongasIlikemyself,justthewayIam,opinionsattheendofthedayarejustwateroffaduck'sback.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shecouldchangeherweightatwill.B.Shehaddifferentbeautystandardsfromothers.C.Shetriedtoloveotherstobuildherconfidence.D.Shewasgreatlyinfluencedbyothers'opinions.25.Whydidtheauthorthinkshewasn't“enough”?A.Shewaspoorlydisciplined.B.Shefailedtocelebrate“skinny”．C.Shewaslabelledaslazyforherweight.D.Sheputonmoreweightafterenteringadulthood.26.Whatcausedtheauthortomakeachange?A.Herlighterbody. B.Atroublesomeillness.C.Popularbeautystandards. D.Others'criticalcomments.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Beautymatters. B.Opinionsvary.C.Worthyourweight. D.Beyondyourlimits.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文的文章。作者由于體重偏重始終處于自卑的心理狀態(tài)，所以舍命減肥，直到一場重病讓她醒悟過來，起先接受自己的體重，愛惜自己。【24題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Havingfailedtoliveuptoconventionalbeautystandards,IwasconvincedthatifIwantedtobeloved,Ineededtooffermore,doinganythingtopleaseeveryonearound.（由于沒有達到傳統(tǒng)的美的標準，我確信假如我想要被愛，我須要付出更多，做任何事情來取悅四周的人。）”中的topleaseeveryonearound可知，作者深受四周人的看法的影響。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“IenteredadulthoodthinkingIwasn't“enough”—anideathatwasseedednotonlybythefactthat“skinny”iscelebrated,butalsobythelanguageassociatedwithaccountsoflosingweight—self-improvement,discipline—allvirtues.Beingfatquicklycategorizesyouaslazyandundisciplined.（我進入了成年期，認為自己“不夠”——這個想法的萌芽，不僅是因為“瘦”受到贊揚，還因為與減肥相關的語言——自我改善、自律——都是美德。肥胖很快就會把你歸類為懶散和無紀律的人。）”中的lazyandundisciplined可知，由于肥胖，作者還被貼上了懶散（lazy）和無紀律的標簽。故選C項?！?6題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Ifailedtorealize,forexample,thatmyperiodwasmuchheavierandmorepainfulthaneverbefore.ActuallyIdevelopedararediseaseandlaterIhadtwosurgeries.（例如，我沒有意識到，我的生理期比以往任何時候都更沉重和苦痛。事實上，我得了一種罕見的疾病，后來做了兩次手術。）”中的disease以及第四段“Iwasalwaysmadetofeelthatmyweightwastherootofalotofproblemsinmylife;Ihavelearntthisisnottrue.（我總是覺得我的體重是我生活中很多問題的根源;我已經(jīng)知道這不是真的。）”中的Ihavelearntthisisnottrue可知，由于生病作者已經(jīng)意識到體重不是自己問題的根源。再結合第四段最終“Ihavetakenfirststepstoacceptance.（但我已經(jīng)邁出了接受現(xiàn)實的第一步。）”作者做出了變更。由此推想，是生病讓作者決心做出變更。故選B項。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特殊是依據(jù)最終一段“TherearedaysIfindvoicesonsocialmediasayingIamtoofattobelovedortobeworthy,butIamlearningnottofocusonthatthoughtforlong.（有時候我會在社交媒體上看到一些聲音，說我太胖了，不值得被愛，但是我正學著不要長時間地關注這個想法。）”可知，作者主要想表達接受自己原本的體重，并學會愛自己。C項“你的體重有價值”符合題意，適合作標題。故選C項。CThefarsideofthemoonisastrangeandwildregion,quitedifferentfromthefamiliarandmostlysmoothfaceweseenightlyfromourplanet.Soonthisroughspacewillhaveevenstrangerfeatures:itwillbecrowdedwithradiotelescopes.Astronomersareplanningtomakethemoon'sdistantsideournewestandbestwindowonthecosmic(宇宙的)darkages,amysteriouserahidingearlymarksofstarsandgalaxies.Ouruniversewasnotalwaysfilledwithstars.About380,000yearsafterthebigbang,theuniversecooled,andthefirstatomsofhydrogenformed.Gigantichydrogencloudssoonfilledtheuniverse.Butforafewhundredmillionyears,everythingremaineddark,withoutstars.Thencamethecosmicdawn:thefirststarsflickered,galaxiescameintoexistenceandslowlytheuniverse'slarge-scalestructuretookshape.Theseedsofthisstructuremusthavebeenpresentinthedark-agehydrogenclouds,buttheerahasbeenimpossibletoprobeusingoptical(光學的)telescopes—therewasnolight.Andalthoughthishydrogenproducedlong-wavelength(orlow-frequency)radioemissions,radiotelescopesonEarthhavefounditnearlyimpossibletodetectthem.Ouratmosphereeitherblocksordisturbsthesefaintsignals;thosethatgetthrougharedrownedoutbyhumanity'sradionoise.Scientistshavedreamedfordecadesofstudyingthecosmicdarkagesfromthemoon'sfarside.Nowmultiplespaceagenciesplanlunarmissionscarryingradio-wave-detectinginstruments—somewithinthenextthreeyears—andastronomers'dreamsaresettobecomereality.“IfIweretodesignanidealplacetodolow-frequencyradioastronomy,Iwouldhavetobuildthemoon,”saysastrophysicistJackBurnsoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Wearejustnowfinallygettingtotheplacewherewe'reactuallygoingtobeputtingthesetelescopesdownonthemooninthenextfewyears.”28.What'sthepurposeofbuildingradiotelescopesonthemoon?AToresearchthebigbang. B.Todiscoverunknownstars.C.Tostudythecosmicdarkages. D.Toobservethefarsideofthemoon.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“probe”inParagraph3possiblymean?A.Explore. B.Evaluate.C.Produce. D.Predict.30.Hydrogenradioemissionscan'tbedetectedonEarthbecause________．A.therewasnolightinthedarkagesB.theycannotpossiblygetthroughouratmosphereC.gigantichydrogencloudsnolongerfilltheuniverseD.radiosignalsonEarthcausetoomuchinterference31.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Scientistshavetorebuildthemoon.B.Wewillfinallygettothemoon'sdistantside.C.Themoonisaperfectplacetosetupradiotelescopes.D.Afavorableresearchenvironmentwillbefoundonthemoon.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家們想要在月球背面架設射電望遠鏡，以此來探討宇宙暗黑紀元?！?8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Thefarsideofthemoonisastrangeandwildregion,quitedifferentfromthefamiliarandmostlysmoothfaceweseenightlyfromourplanet.Soonthisroughspacewillhaveevenstrangerfeatures:itwillbecrowdedwithradiotelescopes.（月球的背面是一個驚異而狂野的區(qū)域，與我們每晚從地球上看到的熟識而平滑的面孔大不相同。很快，這個粗糙的空間將會有更加奇妙的特征:它將被射電望遠鏡所包圍。）”可知，月球的遠端很快就要被射電望遠鏡所包圍；而依據(jù)第四段“Scientistshavedreamedfordecadesofstudyingthecosmicdarkagesfromthemoon'sfarside.（幾十年來，科學家們始終幻想著從月球的背面探討宇宙的暗黑紀元。）”可知，科學家們想通過探討月球的背面來探討宇宙的黑暗紀元。由以上可以推出，架設電望遠鏡的目的是探討宇宙的黑暗紀元。故選C項?！?9題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)劃線詞部分“Theseedsofthisstructuremusthavebeenpresentinthedark-agehydrogenclouds,buttheerahasbeenimpossibletoprobeusingoptical(光學的)telescopes—therewasnolight.（這種結構的種子肯定存在于黑暗紀元的氫云中，但是這個時代不行能用光學望遠鏡來probe——那里沒有光。）”中的therewasnolight說明白不能用光學望遠鏡的緣由。且依據(jù)后文“Andalthoughthishydrogenproducedlong-wavelength(orlow-frequency)radioemissions,radiotelescopesonEarthhavefounditnearlyimpossibletodetectthem.（盡管這種氫氣產(chǎn)生了長波長(或低頻率)的電輻射，但地球上的射電望遠鏡已經(jīng)發(fā)覺幾乎不行能探測到它們。）”中detect即為“探測”之意。前后對應，probe應為“探測”之意，意同“explore”。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Ouratmosphereeitherblocksordisturbsthesefaintsignals;thosethatgetthrougharedrownedoutbyhumanity'sradionoise.（我們的大氣層要么阻礙或干擾這些微弱的信號；那些通過的信號被人類的無線電噪聲所沉沒。）”中的humanity'sradionoise可知，檢測不到射電輻射的緣由是，地球上的無線電信號造成了太多的干擾。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推斷推理題。依據(jù)第四段“Scientistshavedreamedfordecadesofstudyingthecosmicdarkagesfromthemoon'sfarside.（幾十年來，科學家們始終幻想著從月球的背面探討宇宙的暗黑紀元。）”和最終一段““Wearejustnowfinallygettingtotheplacewherewe'reactuallygoingtobeputtingthesetelescopesdownonthemooninthenextfewyears.”（“我們將來幾年將把這些望遠鏡放在月球上的地方。”）”可推知，劃線部分的意思是月球是架設射電望遠鏡的志向場所。故選C項。DImprovementstoenergyefficiency,suchasLEDlights,areseenbymanyauthoritiesasatoppriorityforcuttingcarbonemissions.Yetagrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatareboundeffectcouldwipeoutmorethanhalfofthesavingsfromenergyefficiencyimprovements,makingthegoalsoftheParisAgreementonclimatechangeevenhardertohit.AteamledbyPaulBrockwayattheUniversityofLeeds,UK,lookedattheexisting33studiesontheimpactofthereboundeffect.Firstcomesthedirectrebound:forinstance,whensomeonebuysamoreefficientcar,theymaytakeadvantageofthatbydrivingitfurther.Thencomestheindirectrebound:fuelsavingsleavetheownerwithmoremoneytospendelsewhereintheeconomy,consumingenergy.Althoughthe33studiesuseddifferentmethodstomodelthereboundeffect,theyproducedveryconsistentestimatesofitsimpact,leadingtheteamtoconcludethattheeffectwipesout,onaverage,63percentoftheanticipatedenergysavings.“We'renotsayingenergyefficiencydoesn'twork.Whatwe'resayingisreboundneedstobetakenmoreseriously,”saysBrockway.Theideathatincreasedefficiencymaynotdeliverthehoped-forsavingsdatesbacktotheJevonsparadox(悖論),namedaftertheeconomistWilliamStanleyJevons,who,in1865,observedthatmoreefficientcoaluseledtomoredemandforcoal.Ifthereboundeffectdoesprovetobeasbigassuggested,itmeansfutureglobalenergydemandwillbehigherthanexpectedandtheworldwillneedfarmorewindandsolarpowerandcarbon-capturetechnologythaniscurrentlybeingplannedfor.Butthatdoesn'tmeannothingcanbedonetolimitthereboundeffect.Oneansweristodoubledownonenergyefficiencyanddotwiceasmuchtoachievethesameeffect.32.Whichofthefollowingisareboundeffect?A.AmanusesLEDlightstocutcarbonemissions.B.Acompanyusescoalmoreefficientlytoreducewaste.C.Afamilysavesmoneybyusingenergy-savingdevices.D.Aladyspendssavingsfromherfuelefficientcaronmoreclothes.33.HowdidPaulBrockway'steamcarryouttheirresearch?A.Byinterviewingeconomists.B.Byanalyzingformerstudies.C.Bymodelingthereboundeffect.D.BydebatingabouttheJevonsparadox.34.WhatwouldPaulBrockwayprobablyagreewith?A.Authoritiesshoulddismissenergyefficiency.B.Worldwideeffortstopreserveenergyareinvain.C.Thereboundeffecthelpsprotecttheenvironment.D.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtothereboundeffect.35.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardslimitingthereboundeffect?A.Positive. B.Pessimistic.C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.【答案】32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由提高能源效率所帶來的反彈效應可能使其節(jié)約的資金大大縮減，并指出人們應實行任何措施來限制反彈效應?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Thencomestheindirectrebound:fuelsavingsleavetheownerwithmoremoneytospendelsewhereintheeconomy,consumingenergy.（然后是間接反彈：節(jié)約的燃料使車主有更多的錢花在其他經(jīng)濟領域，消耗能源。）”可知，D項“女士把省油汽車節(jié)約的錢花在買更多的衣服上?！本褪前咽∠聛淼腻X花在其他經(jīng)濟領域（服裝領域）上，符合間接反彈效應。Ｄ項正確，其它選項不符合題意。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Althoughthe33studiesuseddifferentmethodstomodelthereboundeffect,（盡管這33項探討運用了不同的方法來模擬反彈效應，）”中的modelthereboundeffect可知，探討團隊是通過模擬回彈效應進行他們的探討的。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段““We'renotsayingenergyefficiencydoesn'twork.Whatwe'resayingisreboundneedstobetakenmoreseriously,”saysBrockway.（Brockway說：“我們并不是說能源效率不起作用，我們的意思是須要更加仔細地對待經(jīng)濟反彈?！保敝械腷etakenmoreseriously可知，Brockway認為應當更加關注回彈效應。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Butthatdoesn'tmeannothingcanbedonetolimitthereboundeffect.Oneansweristodoubledownonenergyefficiencyanddotwiceasmuchtoachievethesameeffect.（但這并不意味著我們不能實行任何措施來限制反彈效應。一個解決方法是加倍提高能源效率，并實行雙倍的措施來達到同樣的效果。）”中的雙重否定句可知，作者對于限制反彈效應是持主動（positive）看法的，并提出了對應的解決方法。故選A項。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ImproveYourRelationshipsHavingstableandpositiverelationshipsinyourlifecanmakeyouhappierandmorefulfilled.Whetherit'syourfriends,family,orsignificantother,improvingarelationshipcansometimesbeconfusing.____36____Expressyourappreciationfortheperson.____37____Noticethepositivethingsthatthepersonisdoingandgooutofyourwaytoshowyourappreciationforthem.Youcanalsoshowyourappreciationbyrememberingimportanteventslikeanniversariesorbirthdays.____38____Ifyouhardlyseeeachotherortalktoeachother,itcanbedifficulttomaintainarelationship.Takeextratimeoutofyourdayanddevoteittothepersonthatyouwanttoimproverelationswith.Trytoworkaroundtheotherperson'sschedulesothatyoucanspendthetimetogether.Youcanshareameal,watchashow,listentomusic,orgoshoppingwiththem.Turnoffdistractions.Distractionslikeacellphone,socialmedia,orvideogamescancreateadivisioninbetweenyouandanotherperson.Ifyounoticethatyouarealwaysdistracted,youshouldturnoffyourcellphoneorcomputerandtalktothem.____39____Seektherapy(心理治療)ifyoucan'tgetalong.Tofixorimprovefamilyrelationshipsorrelationshipswithyoursignificantother,youcanturntotherapy.Ifyounoticethatyouandthepersonarealwaysarguingoverthesamekindsofthings,andnothinghasworked,youshouldconsiderseekingtherapywiththem.____40____Andfamilytherapymaybeabletorestorebondsbetweenfamilymembers.A.Spendmoretimewiththeperson.B.Maintainarelationshipifpossible.C.Peopleoftenliketobepraisedforachievements.D.Aspecialistcanhelpsolvelong-termissuesintherelationship.E.Iftheyaretheonealwaysdistracted,askthemiftheycandothesame.F.Followthetipsandyoucandevelopgoodrelationshipswithyourfamily.G.Luckily,byadjustingyourbehaviour,youcanimproveanyrelationshipinyourlife.【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.E40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾條通過調整個人行為來改善生活中各種關系的建議?！?6題詳解】前文“Havingstableandpositiverelationshipsinyourlifecanmakeyouhappierandmorefulfilled.Whetherit'syourfriends,family,orsignificantother,improvingarelationshipcansometimesbeconfusing.（在你的生活中擁有穩(wěn)定和主動的人際關系可以讓你更歡樂和更充溢。無論是你的摯友，家人，還是重要的人，改善關系有時會讓人困惑。）”中的confusing以及后文小標題“Expressyourappreciationfortheperson.”等詳細提出建議可知，劃線處應表示提出做出變更的建議。G項“幸運的是，通過調整你的行為，你可以改善你生活中的任何關系?！狈项}意，起到承上啟下的過渡作用，故選