2024新版英語19.狀語從句

狀語從句一、概說狀語從句即指在主從復(fù)合句用作狀語的從句。按照其意義，狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。狀語從句是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個語法重點，也是歷年高考重點考查的內(nèi)容之一。學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句主要應(yīng)注意引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的用法與區(qū)別，以及從屬連詞在一定的語言環(huán)境中的意義與用法。二、時間狀語從句1.引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞很多，常見的有before,after,when,while,as,since,till,until,assoonas等。2.表示“當(dāng)…時候”的while,when,as的用法區(qū)別是：while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞；表示帶有規(guī)律性的“每當(dāng)”或當(dāng)主、從句謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生有先后時，只能用when；當(dāng)表示“一邊…一邊…”或“隨著”時，只能用as。另外，用于此義的as所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句謂語只能是動作動詞，不能是狀態(tài)動詞。如下面這道高考題的答案是B而不能是A：“I’mgoingtothepostoffice.”“_____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?”A.As B.While C.Because D.If3.until在肯定句中通常只連用延續(xù)性動詞，表示相應(yīng)動作結(jié)束的時間；在否定句中通常連用非延續(xù)性動詞，表示相應(yīng)動作開始的時間，意為“直到…才”。如：Hewaiteduntilshewasabouttoleave.他等著一直到她準(zhǔn)備離開。Ididnotbegintoworktillhehadgone.他走了后我才開始工作。4.表示“一…就”除用assoonas外，還可用theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如：Icameimmediatelyyoucalled.你一來電話我就來了。Hardlyhadshearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.她剛到就下起雪來了。ThemomentIhavefinishedI'llgiveyouacall.我一干完就給你打電話。5.everytime,eachtime,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime,bythetime,thefirsttime,anytime等以time結(jié)尾的詞語也可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。如：Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosethedoor.下次你進(jìn)來，請關(guān)門。Hedidn’ttellmeanythingthelasttimeIsawhim.上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。三、條件狀語從句1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有if,unless,as[so]longas等。如：Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.除非我打電話，否則你別來。Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.如果你仔細(xì)瞧你會看出該怎樣做。Aslongasyoudoyourbest,we’llbehappy.只要你盡力，我們就滿意了。2.incase也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，其意為“如果”、“萬一”。如：IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.如果我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐?。四、讓步狀語從句1.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有although,though,however(=nomatterhow),evenif(即使),whether…or(不論…還是)等連詞。如：Thespeechisgood,thoughitcouldbebetter.這次演講不錯，雖然還可以再好一點。Hewentouteventhoughitwasraining.盡管下雨，他還是出去了。2.as也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到as前，若提前的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，要省略a/an。如：Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.雖然是老師，他也不可能什么都懂。3.連詞while有時也可表示“盡管”、“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.盡管我們意見不同，我們還是朋友。4.whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Don’tloseheartwhateveryoudo.不管你做什么，都不要灰心。Whoeveryouare,youcan’tpassthisway.不管你是誰，你都不能從這里通過。注：表示“雖然”的though,although不可與but連用，但可與yet,still連用。五、原因狀語從句1.

引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)等：Theycan’thavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.他們不可能出去了，因為燈還亮著。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去，我也去。Nowthatwearealone,wecanspeakfreely.現(xiàn)在我們單獨在一起，可以隨便談了。2.

除以上提到的大家比較熟悉的引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外，when有時也可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，其意“既然”。如：Ican’ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。3.

有關(guān)原因狀語從句還應(yīng)注意以下幾點：(1)as與since,nowthat一樣表示雙方都知道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)被強調(diào)。(2)當(dāng)表示直接的因果關(guān)系，回答why時，或有only,just,all,partly,not,but等副詞修飾時，或用在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中都只能用because。(3)for有時也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，對前一分句加以解釋或推斷。(4)不要受漢語意思影響將表示“因為”的連詞與表示“所以”的so連用。六、地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有where(在…的地方),wherever(無論什么地方),everywhere(每個…地方),anywhere(任何…地方)。如：I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.我不在原處住了。Youcan’tcampwhere[wherever,anywhere]youlikethesedays.如今你可不能隨便在哪兒宿營。EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.不管我走到哪里，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣情況。2.

有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為地點狀語從句在平時見得不多，誤認(rèn)為考試不會涉及，但恰恰相反，地點狀語從句卻是英語考試經(jīng)常考查的一個知識點。請看以下考題：(1)Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.A.atwhich B.atwhere C.theplacewhere D.where(2)Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre. A.that B.where C.which D.when(3)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____youcanfindthemagain.A.when B.where C.then D.there(4)Shefoundhercalculator______shelostit.A.where B.when C.inwhich D.that以上四題均選where，其意為“在…的地方”，用以引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。七、目的狀語從句1.

引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如：IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.我租了一條船去釣魚。Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).帶著雨衣以防下雨。Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，是為了能通過考試。2.

引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的sothat有時可省so或that，即單獨用so或that來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。如：Checkcarefully,soanymistakewillbecaught.仔細(xì)檢查，以便任何錯誤都可檢查出。BringitcloserthatImightseeitbetter.拿近些，使我能看得清楚些。八、結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如：Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.他氣得話都說不出來。Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.他關(guān)窗子用力很大，結(jié)果玻璃震破了。注：so…that和such…that中的that有時(尤其在口語中)可省略。

練習(xí)題練習(xí)一一.

單項填空1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.Though

B.Since

C.For

D.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?

---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.

A.comes;is

B.comes;willbe

C.willcome;is

D.willcome;willbe3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.

A.willfall;tohelp

B.falls;tohelp

C.willfall;help

D.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.

A.what

B.which

C.where

D.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.

A.comes

B.come

C.willcome

D.iscoming6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;before

B.don’t;when

C.notto;until

D.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.

A.when

B.that

C.until

D.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.

A.willbe

B.shallbe

C.am

D.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful;little

B.morecareful;fewest

C.morecareful;fewer

D.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.

A.before

B.after

C.when

D.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.since

B.sothat

C.asif

D.unless12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.

A.for

B.sothat

C.because

D.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.

A.because

B.as

C.if

D.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.

A.alovelyday

B.toolovelyaday

C.solovelyaday

D.suchlovelyaday16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.

A.such

B.so

C.too

D.very17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.

A.Although

B.Because

C.As

D.Asif18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.With

B.Since

C.While

D.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.

A.Solongas

B.Inorderthat

C.Nomatterhow

D.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.

A.willget

B.get

C.getting

D.got二.

根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1.

不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。

Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.2.

布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。

MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.3.

只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。

Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.4.

你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？

Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.5.

這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習(xí)兩年了。

Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.6.

雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學(xué)英語。

___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.

他長大后相當(dāng)一名記者。

Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.8.

無論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.

如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會變得更美好。

______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.10.

李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，因為他病了。

LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.練習(xí)二1.

Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.because

B.until

C.why

D.if2

.Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until3.

Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when4

.He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.

A.didn'tgo;until;with

B.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn'tgo;before;with

D.didn'tgo;until;to5

.He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is6

.Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto8.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves9.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.

A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came10.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought"'11.Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft12.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see13.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang14.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread15.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone16.Tom___Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat17.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway19.I___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow20.ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if22MayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so23.

___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For24.

___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After25.

I'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether26.

Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as27.-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras28.Suzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than29.Ironismoreuseful___anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.so30.Iwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which31.Youaresuretopasstheexam___youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since32.I'llgotoseethefilmwithyou___Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when33.___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except34.Althoughitwasraining,

stillworkedinthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey35

.___therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,___theywentonfighting.A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/36.

___sheisveryold,___shecanstillworkeighthoursaday.A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;ye