江蘇省無錫市普通高中高二上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測英語試題

無錫市普通高中2018年秋學(xué)期期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測建議卷高二英語命題單位：惠山區(qū)教師發(fā)展中心制卷單位：無錫市教育科學(xué)研究院注意事項(xiàng)及說明：1.考試前請將密封線內(nèi)的項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。2.試卷分第一卷（選擇題）和第二卷（非選擇題）兩部分。共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。3.答案一律寫在答題紙/卡上。考試結(jié)束時(shí)，上交答題紙/卡。第一卷（選擇題，共95分）一、聽力測試（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙/卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C、三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.What’sBobdoingthisweekend?A．Playingbasketball.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingshopping.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.He’dratherplaybaseball.B.Heisn’tabletogoboating.C.He’llgetaticketforJames.3.Wheredoesthedialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Atthecleaner’s.B.Attheman’s.C.Attheclothingshop.4.Whatdopeoplethinkofthatpieceofmusic?A.Beautiful.B.Unbearable.C.Interesting.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAlice’sfather?A.Healwayshelpsothers.B.Hedoesn’tlivewithAlice.C.Heistoooldtolookafterhimself.第二節(jié)（共15題：每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，沒小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.WhatisJohnnydoing?A.Playinginthewater.B.Playingwithhiscars.C.Goingforawalk.7.WhoisgivingJohnnyhisbathtonight?A.Hisfather.B.Hismother.C.Himself.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhoisBuddy?A.Thecouple’snewbaby.B.Thecouple’snewneighbor.C.Thecouple’snewpet.9.Whydoesthewomanadvisethemantobuyanewpairofshoes?A.BecauseBuddyneedsapairofshoesasapresent.B.BecauseBuddyhasgoneshoppingintheman’sshoes.C.BecauseBuddyhasdirtiedtheman’sfavoriteshoes.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidtheboyjustdo?A.Hecleanedthewindow.B.Hequarreledwithhismother.C.HeplayedbasketballwithPaul.11.HowmightMr.Henryfeelnow?A.Scared.B.Angry.C.Guilty.12.WhatwillPaulprobablydotomorrow?A.Paybackthemoney.B.Apologizetothewoman.C.HaveteawithTom.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoisthepartymainlyfor?A.Newstudents.B.Collegeprofessors.C.Successfulgraduates.14.Whoorganizestheparty?A.Thewholecollege.B.TheStudents’Union.C.TheEnglishdepartment.15.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hecan’tdancewell.B.Hewon’thavefunthere.C.Hewillmisssomespeeches.16.Howdoesthewomanknowthepieisdelicious?A.Shewillmakeit.B.Shehastasteditbefore.C.Sheonceboughtsome.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisMr.Green?A.Acoach.B.Adramateacher.C.Thespeaker.18.Howlongwilltheperformancelastthisafternoon?A．OnehourB.Twohours.C.Threehours.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthefootballteam?A.Itstrainingiscanceledtoday.B.ItsnextgamewillbeonthisFriday.C.Itwonavictorylastweekend.20.WhyisKarenBushaskedtogotothemainoffice?A.Toreturnawallet.B.Toreportawrongdeed.CTogetbacksomethingshelost.二、單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙/卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Intheeyesofapoliceman,it’susuallydangeroustogetclosetothe_______criminal.Hemaydoanythinghewouldtoescape.A.sensitive B.consciousC.primitive D.desperate【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.sensitive靈敏的；B.conscious有意識的；C.primitive原始的；D.desperate絕望的。句意：在警察看來，接近絕望的罪犯通常是危險(xiǎn)的。為了逃跑，他可以做任何事。故D選項(xiàng)正確。2.Whenyou’vegotthroughthegateofopportunity,don’tgetitshutbehindyourself,andgiveothersthesamechancethat_______yousucceed.A.helped B.ishelpingC.hadhelped D.willhelp【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)你通過了機(jī)會之門，不要把它在自己身后關(guān)上，給別人有助于你成功的同樣的機(jī)會。根據(jù)句意可知，你已經(jīng)成功了，所以幫助你成功的機(jī)會是過去時(shí)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。3.______JackMahassteppeddownaschairmanofAlibaba,hestillremainsonitsboardofdirectors.A.Since B.BeforeC.While D.Until【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。A.Since自從；B.Before在……之前；C.While雖然；D.Until直到。句意：雖然馬云已經(jīng)辭去阿里巴巴董事長一職，但他仍然是阿里巴巴的董事會成員。故C選項(xiàng)正確。4.DonaldTrumpmadea_____tothenationthathewouldstruggleforlowertaxesandimprovehealthcareaftertakingoffice.A.contribution B.mitmentC.devotion D.donation【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.mitment承諾；C.devotion奉獻(xiàn)；D.donation捐贈。句意：唐納德·特朗普向全國承諾，他上任后將為降低稅收和改善醫(yī)療服務(wù)而奮斗。故B選項(xiàng)正確。5.Itisnotuntilhereturnedtohishometown______thegreatchangesthathadhappened.A.didhefind B.thathefoundC.thatdidhefind D.foundhethat【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。句意：直到他回到家鄉(xiāng)，他才發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，notuntil位于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，助動詞提前，其它時(shí)候不用倒裝。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】強(qiáng)調(diào)句是一種修辭。陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人時(shí)可用who）+其他部分。如：ItwasPaulwhobrokethewindow.是保羅打碎了玻璃。特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分。如：Whenwasitthatyouwereborn?一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。如：WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?not…until…句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。如：Itwasnotuntilherhusbandcamebackthatshewenttobed.直到她丈夫回家她才上床睡覺。6.Onlythose,asAlbertEinsteinoncesaidinoneofhisfamousbooks,______attempttheabsurdcanachievetheimpossible.A.who B.whichC.whose D.where【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：正如阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦在其著名著作之一中所言，只有那些嘗試荒謬的人才能實(shí)現(xiàn)不可能的事情。此處為定語從句，先行詞是those（那些人），關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。7.—Mikehasplayedalotofputergamesrecently.—Yes,thatmight___hisfailureinthemidtermexaminations.A.Accountfor B.answerforC.askfor D.standfor【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：——Tom最近玩太多電腦游戲了?！堑?，這也許是他期中考試失利的原因。A項(xiàng)表示“是……的說明(或原因)”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)表示“對……負(fù)責(zé)，因……受到譴責(zé)”；C項(xiàng)表示“要求，請求”；D項(xiàng)表示“代表”。8.Asmanyas150peoplediedintheexplosion.Ifonlytheowners____enoughattentiontothesafetymeasures!A.paid B.shouldpayC.wouldpay D.hadpaid【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：多達(dá)150人在爆炸中喪生。要是業(yè)主對安全措施給予足夠的重視就好了！根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí)。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】Ifonly:常常用來表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望，使用虛擬語氣時(shí)和wish類似，表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的遺憾或與真實(shí)條件不符的愿望。因而使用起來的形式也與wish相同。1.表示與將來情況不同：ifonly＋從句主語＋would(could,might)+動詞原形eg：Ifonlyshewouldtryagain.我希望她能再試一次。2.表示與現(xiàn)在情況不同：ifonly＋從句主語＋動詞過去式eg：IfonlyIwasn'tgoingtoLondon.我希望我沒去過倫敦。3.表達(dá)與過去情況不同：ifonly＋從句主語＋would/couldhave/had＋過去分詞eg：Ifonlyyouhadetomybirthdayparty.你要是來了我的生日晚會就好了。以上就是ifonly的三種用法，ifonly的用法與wish基本相似。9.______fullpreparations,theythoughtitbettertoputofftheconferencetillnextweek.A.Nottohavemade B.NothavingmadeC.Notmaking D.Havingnotmade【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：由于沒有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，他們認(rèn)為最好把會議推遲到下星期。make與主語they構(gòu)成邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動；根據(jù)句意，“準(zhǔn)備”應(yīng)發(fā)生在“認(rèn)為最好推遲”之前，因此此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的否定形式。故B選項(xiàng)正確。10.—HaveyouheardthatmoreflightsfromWuXitoBeijingareavailablethisyear?—Ofcourse.Manycitizensare____forit’squiteconvenientforthemtotravel.A.greenwithenvy B.feelingblueC.overthemoon D.hotunderthecollar【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查習(xí)慣用語。A.greenwithenvy非常嫉妒；B.feelingblue心情壓抑；C.overthemoon欣喜若狂；D.hotunderthecollar怒不可遏。句意：—你聽說今年從無錫到北京的航班增加了嗎?—當(dāng)然。許多市民欣喜若狂，因?yàn)槁眯蟹浅７奖?。故C選項(xiàng)正確。11.—HowaboutyourtriptoWestLake?—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatmycar____twiceontheway.A.brokeout B.brokeupC.brokedown D.brokein【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.brokeout爆發(fā)；B.brokeup打碎；C.brokedown拋錨；D.brokein打斷。句意：—你的西湖之旅怎么樣?—一切都很好，除了我的車在路上壞了兩次。故C選項(xiàng)正確。12.Thoughlackingthenecessaryworkingexperience,mycousingotthejob____herconfidenceandflexibility.A.intermsof B.withrespecttoC.inresponseto D.onaccountof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A.intermsof在……方面；B.withrespectto關(guān)于；C.inresponseto回答；D.onaccountof因?yàn)?。句意：雖然缺乏必要的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我的表妹因?yàn)樽孕藕挽`活而得到了這份工作。故D選項(xiàng)正確。13.Youngpeopleareseekingexcitementandchallenges,andgoingwherebigpaniesareis____leadstosomanyoldpeoplebeingleftaloneinvillages.A.where B.whenC.what D.who【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：年輕人尋找刺激和挑戰(zhàn)，去了大公司所在的地方是導(dǎo)致許多老人獨(dú)自留在農(nóng)村的原因。此處為表語從句，從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)使用what引導(dǎo)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。14.You____yourdepressionforlong,andnowit’stimetorelaxyourself.A.masked B.willhavemaskedC.havebeenmasked D.havebeenmasking【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你壓抑了很久，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候放松一下了。根據(jù)下文“現(xiàn)在該放松了”可知，此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動作可能會繼續(xù)下去。故D選項(xiàng)正確。15.—Hey,dorememberwearegoingtoMr.Black’sofficetomorrow.—Oh,Ihavealmostforgotten,but_____.A.notreally B.nevermindC.noproblem D.nodoubt【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查習(xí)慣用語。A.notreally不見得；B.nevermind沒關(guān)系；C.noproblem沒問題；D.nodoubt毫無疑問。句意：—嘿，別忘了我們明天要去布萊克先生的辦公室。—哦，我差點(diǎn)忘了，但是沒問題。故C選項(xiàng)正確。三、完形填空（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙/卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。BeforeIcametoChina,Ihadbeensomewhatunluckyinlove.Daysbeforemy___16___forShanghaiin2016,mycousinmadea___17___withouttheslightestbitofirony（諷刺）,“You’llfallinloveinChina.”ImetmyhusbandataChinese___18___.Itwasanembarrassingplacetomeethimapproachingme___19___Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.HespokeEnglishpoorly,tryingtocorrectmyform.Imoreorless___20___him,figuringsucharelationshipwas___21___aswehadlittlemeanstomunicate.ButIwasverymuch___22___.Heranaftermeforthenextcoupleweeksandhispersistence（堅(jiān)持不懈）___23___wonmeover,andIwasheadoverheelsinlovewithhim.Thechallengeswefacedwere___24___—decidingwheretolive,___25___overvisas,dealingwithmyparents’doubts.Intime,theseproblemsgotsettledwithouttoomuchworkonourpart.Whenotherswould___26___onhowtoughitmustbetomarrysomeonefromaforeigncountry,Iquicklymademy___27___,tryingtoconvincemyquestionerthatmarryingcrossculturallyisreallynodifferentfrom___28___withinone’sowncircle.Oursonwasborninthespringof2018.Hewasaveryeasybabytocarefor—hecriedlittleandsleptwellatnight.Mystrugglesincaringforanewbornwereunimportant___29___theotherpressuresIfaced.ByChinesetradition,Iwas___30___fromtakingthebabyoutsideuntilhewas100daysold,forreasonsIstilldon’tfullyunderstand.Sincegivingbirth,I’velearnedthatpromise（妥協(xié)）ismore___31___thanitseems.Ifyougiveuptoomuchofyourself,youmay___32___resentful（怨恨的）.Ifyoupromisetoolittle,youmaybe___33___inafrequentbattle.Inarelationship,ourvaluesorbeliefsoften___34___withourpartner’s,butwithpatience,mostdifficultiescanbeovere.Forthatreason,Ikeeponworkingtobetterunderstandhisbackgroundandbeliefswhile___35___forgettingmyown.16.A.plan B.departure C.reservation D.destination17.A.decision B.suggestion C.request D.prediction18.A.gym B.cinema C.restaurant D.museum19.A.since B.as C.unless D.before20.A.thanked B.admired C.ignored D.praised21.A.priceless B.worthless C.pointless D.faultless22.A.broken B.beaten C.drunken D.mistaken23.A.gradually B.eventually C.simply D.keenly24.A.natural B.legal C.typical D.international25.A.worrying B.arguing C.looking D.taking26.A.ment B.decide C.insist D.focus27.A.remark B.conservation C.apology D.defense28.A.adjusting B.dating C.wandering D.behaving29.A.inrelationto B.inadditionto C.inparisonto D.inresponseto30.A.protected B.disabled C.excused D.forbidden31.A.constant B.challenging C.cautious D.cultural32.A.endup B.putup C.turnup D.takeup33.A.taken B.absorbed C.stuck D.resulted34.A.deal B.meet C.conflict D.bine35.A.therefore B.finally C.yet D.never【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.B20.C21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.D28.B29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。作者介紹了自己跨國婚姻經(jīng)歷與感受。【16題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.departure離開；C.reservation預(yù)約；D.destination目的地。句意：2016年去上海的前幾天。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.decision決定；B.suggestion建議；C.request要求；D.prediction預(yù)言。句意：我表哥毫不諷刺地預(yù)言：“你會在中國墜入愛河。”故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.gym健身房；B.cinema電影院；C.restaurant餐廳；D.museum博物館。根據(jù)下文Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【19題詳解】考查連詞辨析。A.since自從；B.as當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；C.unless除非；D.before在……之前。句意：當(dāng)我試著舉重的時(shí)候，我遇到了我現(xiàn)在的丈夫。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.thanked感謝；B.admired羨慕；C.ignored忽視；D.praised表揚(yáng)。根據(jù)下文aswehadlittlemeanstomunicate.可知，因?yàn)闆]有辦法交流，作者或多或少忽略了他。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.priceless無價(jià)的；B.worthless無價(jià)值的；C.pointless無意義的；D.faultless完美的。因?yàn)闆]有辦法交流，所以作者認(rèn)為這種關(guān)系毫無意義。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【22題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.broken破碎的；B.beaten被打敗了的；C.drunken喝醉的；D.mistaken錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)下文Heranaftermeforthenextcoupleweeksandhispersistence（堅(jiān)持不懈）可知，作者的上文對于現(xiàn)在的丈夫最初的關(guān)系的判斷是錯(cuò)誤的。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.gradually逐漸地；B.eventually最終；C.simply簡單地；D.keenly強(qiáng)烈地。根據(jù)下文Iwasheadoverheelsinlovewithhim.可知，小伙子的堅(jiān)持不懈最終征服了作者。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.natural自然的；B.legal合法的；C.typical典型的；D.international國際的。句意：我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)很典型——決定住在哪里……故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.worryingover擔(dān)心；B.arguingover爭論；C.lookingover檢查；D.takingover接管。根據(jù)上文Thechallengeswefaced可推斷，此處指擔(dān)心簽證。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.ment評論；B.decide決定；C.insist堅(jiān)持；D.focus聚焦。句意：當(dāng)其他人都在評論嫁給一個(gè)外國人是多么的困難時(shí)，我很快做出了辯護(hù)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【27題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.remark評論；B.conservation保存；C.apology道歉；D.defense辯護(hù)。結(jié)合語境科長，句意：我迅速地為自己辯護(hù)。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.adjusting調(diào)整；B.dating約會；C.wandering漫步；D.behaving表現(xiàn)。句意：跨文化婚姻和在自己的圈子里的人約會沒什么不同。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A.inrelationto關(guān)于；B.inadditionto除了；C.inparisonto與……相比；D.inresponseto回答。句意：與我面臨的其他壓力相比，我在照顧新生兒方面的努力并不重要。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.protected保護(hù)；B.disabled使失去能力；C.excused原諒；D.forbidden禁止。句意：按照中國的傳統(tǒng)，我被禁止在孩子100天大之前帶他出去，原因我至今還不完全明白。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.constant經(jīng)常的；B.challenging挑戰(zhàn)的；C.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；D.cultural文化的。句意：自從生下孩子后，我明白了妥協(xié)比看起來更有挑戰(zhàn)性。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.endup最終成為；B.putup舉起；C.turnup出現(xiàn)；D.takeup拿起。句意：如果你放棄了太多，你可能最終會成為怨恨的。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.takenin欺騙；B.absorbedin沉浸在；C.stuckin困在；陷入；D.resultedin導(dǎo)致。句意：如果你妥協(xié)太少，你可能會陷入一場頻繁的戰(zhàn)斗。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【34題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.deal處理；B.meet遇見；C.conflict沖突；D.bine結(jié)合。句意：在一段關(guān)系中，我們的價(jià)值觀或信念經(jīng)常與伴侶的價(jià)值觀或信念發(fā)生沖突，但只要有耐心，大多數(shù)困難都可以克服。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.therefore所以；B.finally最終；C.yet但是；D.never從不。句意：鑒于此，我不斷努力去更好地了解他的背景和信仰，同時(shí)永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我自己的。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學(xué)會“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第3小題要求判斷出作者在哪里遇到她的丈夫的。根據(jù)下文Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.Itwasanembarrassingplacetomeethimapproachingme___4___Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A選項(xiàng)正確。四、閱讀理解（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙/卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAnextremelyenthusiastictruthseekerwhorunstheYouTubechannelBrightInsightclaims（聲稱）tohavefoundthemysteriouscityofAtlantisandinsiststhatitstruelocationhasbeenhidinginplainsightforthousandsofyears.Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹狀物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.HementionedmeasurementsfromthefamousDialoguesofPlato,whichgavebirthtothemystery.TheGreekphilosopher（哲學(xué)家）claimedthatAtlantiswasalonggonekingdom,whichstretchedintoEuropeasfarasItalyandintoAfricaasfarasEgyptthousandsofyearsago.Thegiantislandwassaidtobewipedoffthefaceoftheplanetbyanaturaldisaster“inasingledayandnightofmisfortune”.Atfirstsight,thishasnothingtodowiththelandbasedRichatStructure,butJimmyclaimsthatthesocalledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.Accordingtoit,amassivechangeinglobaltemperaturescausedunexpectedclimatechangeandsealeveltorise.InwhatcanbeviewedasanotherprooftotheSaharatheory,thediameter（直徑）oftheRichatStructure’soutercircleis23.5kmaccordingtoGoogleMap’smeasurements,whichmatchesthosementionedbyPlato—127stadia,whichisroughly23.5kmintoday’sterms.AnotherthingthathelpssolvethemysteryisatheorythattheEyeoftheSaharacloselymatchesthedescriptionfromPlato’sdialogues.TheancientphilosopherwrotethatthemaincityofAtlantisconsistedofcirclesofwaterandland,which,Jimmysaid,looksverysimilartothecircularformoftheRichatStructure.AlthoughthemajorityofresearchersbelievethatPlato’sstorywasnothingbutamoralstoryusedtodescribeafailedideaofseekingpowerandsearchingforfortune,ithasraisedquiteafewtheories,SincetheMiddleAges,explorershavebeenpointingfingersatdifferentplacesaroundtheworld,includingtheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterraneanSea,withthemostamazingtheorieslinkingthelocationofAtlantistotheAntarcticandtheNorthSea.36.WhatdoesJimmyBrightclaimtohavediscovered?A.ThemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.B.TheformationoftheRichatStructure.C.ThemeasurementsintheDialoguesofPlato.D.ThereasonsbehindtheYoungerDryastheory.37.HowdidJimmyBrightdoresearchintothelocationofAtlantisandarriveataconclusion?A.BystudyingthehistoryofancientEgypt.B.ByanalyzingtheresearchintoPlato’slifestory.C.ByexplainingtheYoungerDryastheoryinascientificway.D.ByparingtheRichatStructurewiththefamousDialoguesofPlato.38.What’sthepurposeofmentioningtheYoungerDryastheoryinParagraph4?A.TostresstheimportanceoftheRichatStructure.B.TopresenttheinfluenceithadonAtlantis.C.ToprovethatJimmyBrightmightbecorrect.D.ToshowJimmyBright’sopinionisunique.39.Whatcanbelearnedfromthearticle?A.TheEyeoftheSaharaisamysterymentionedintheDialoguesofPlato.B.TheRichatStructureiswherethemysteriouscityofAtlantisusedtolie.C.TheYoungerDryasmayhavecausedthedisappearanceofAtlantisovernight.D.ThePlato’sStoryismeanttoinspireexplorerstolocatetheexactpositionofAtlantis.【答案】36.A37.D38.C39.C【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。YouTube頻道BrightInsight的負(fù)責(zé)人，一位極度熱情的真理探尋者聲稱，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了神秘的亞特蘭蒂斯城，并堅(jiān)稱其真實(shí)位置數(shù)千年來一直隱藏在人們的視線中。文章介紹了他的發(fā)現(xiàn)及依據(jù)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹狀物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.可知，吉米·布萊特聲稱發(fā)現(xiàn)了亞特蘭蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的HementionedmeasurementsfromthefamousDialoguesofPlato,whichgavebirthtothemystery.第五段中的thediameter（直徑）oftheRichatStructure’soutercircleis23.5kmaccordingtoGoogleMap’smeasurements,whichmatchesthosementionedbyPlato及第六段中的AnotherthingthathelpssolvethemysteryisatheorythattheEyeoftheSaharacloselymatchesthedescriptionfromPlato’sdialogues.可知，吉米·布萊特對亞特蘭蒂斯的位置進(jìn)行了研究，并將其結(jié)構(gòu)與柏拉圖著名的對話錄進(jìn)行了對比，從而得出的結(jié)論。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Atfirstsight,thishasnothingtodowiththelandbasedRichatStructure,butJimmyclaimsthatthesocalledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.可推知，提到所謂的新仙女木理論是為了證明吉米·布賴特也許是正確的。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thegiantislandwassaidtobewipedoffthefaceoftheplanetbyanaturaldisaster“inasingledayandnightofmisfortune”.“據(jù)說這個(gè)巨大的島嶼在“一天一夜之間”被一場自然災(zāi)害從地球表面上抹去?！奔暗谒亩沃械?..butJimmyclaimsthatthesocalledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.Accordingtoit,amassivechangeinglobaltemperaturescausedunexpectedclimatechangeandsealeveltorise.可推知，所謂的新仙女木理論可能是一種解釋，據(jù)報(bào)道，全球氣溫的巨大變化導(dǎo)致了意想不到的氣候變化和海平面上升。因此推斷新仙女木事件可能導(dǎo)致亞特蘭蒂斯在一夜之間消失了。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解題主要考查考生對文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要事實(shí)的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。此外，在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應(yīng)的句子(即定位)，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關(guān)的句子(有時(shí)可能是幾個(gè)句子)或段落，然后進(jìn)行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。以本文第1小題為例，本題運(yùn)用定位法：我們根據(jù)題干WhatdoesJimmyBrightclaimtohavediscovered?其關(guān)鍵詞是claimtohavediscovered，從而直接定位到含有JimmyBright發(fā)現(xiàn)的文段——第二段中的Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹狀物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.，原文中的themostlikelylocationofAtlantis與A選項(xiàng)中的ThemostlikelylocationofAtlantis相對應(yīng)，從而得知，吉米·布萊特聲稱發(fā)現(xiàn)了亞特蘭蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A選項(xiàng)正確。BSiblingsrefertoone’sbrothersandsisters.We’reattachedtosiblingsasadultsfarlongerthanweareaschildren.Oursiblingrelationships,infact,arethelongestlastingfamilytieswehave.“Paul,myyoungerbrother,andI,kindofannoyedeachotherwhenwewerekids,”saidAnna,aninterviewee,“Butasadults,we’vealwayshadeachother’sback,especiallywhendealingwithourmother’shealthcrisis.PaulisthefirstpersonIwanttotalktowhensomethingworriesme.”There’sprobablyabiologicalexplanationfortheclosebondofthesiblingrelationship.Siblingssharehalftheirgenes,whichbiologistssayshouldbemotivationenoughforeachother’sdevotion.Onethingthatcanweakenclosenessinadulthoodisaparentwhoplayedfavoritesinchildhood;thissenseofhatredcanlastalifetime.Thesimpleconceptofparentalfavoritismwasenoughtoshaketheirrelationship.“WhatPaulandIareprettysureisourparentstreatedusthesamewhenweweregrowingup.Yetwe’reverydifferentpeople,”Annasaid,“PaulisoutgoingwhileI’mshy.PaulisanamateurpianistwhileIcan’treadmusicorcarryatune.Infamilieswithmorethanonechild,everysiblingseemstogetalabelincontrasttoeveryothersibling.”Theverypresenceofsiblingsinthehouseholdcanbeaneducation.Whenanewbabyisborn,theoldersiblinggainssocialskillsbyinteractingwiththeyounger,andtheyoungergainscognitively（認(rèn)知角度地）byimitatingtheolder.Theylearnfromthefrictionbetweenthem,too,astheyfightfortheirparents’attention.Mildconflictbetweenbrothersandsistersteachesthemhowtointeractwithfriendsandcoworkersfortherestoftheirlives.It’ssosadwhenthingsbetweensiblingsfallapart,whichhappenswhenagingparentsneedcareordie—oldfeelingsofcontradictionandjealousyeruptalloveragain.Manyfamiliesgetthroughtheirparents’illnessesjustfine,establishingnetworkswheretheworkloadisdividedprettymuchequally.Butabout40percentofthetimethereisasingleprimarycaregiverwhofeelslikesheisnotgettinganyhelpfromherbrothersandsisters,whichcanleadtoseriousconflicts.Throughoutadulthood,thesiblingrelationship“ispowerfulandunchanged,”saidJaneMerskyLeder,authorofthenewebookTheSiblingConnection.Whetherweareclosetooursiblingsordistant,shewrites,theyremainourbrothersandsisters—forbetterorforworse.Soremembertheimmortal（永恒的）wordsoffolksingerLoudonWainwrightⅢ,inasongcalledThanksgiving.“Onthisbrilliantoccasion,thisspecialfamilydinner,ifIarguewithalovedone,pleasemakeme...”40.Whatcanprobablyencouragehatredamongsiblings?A.TheagingoftheirMomandDad. B.Thedifferencebetweentheirhobbies.C.Theconflictintheirdailylives. D.Theunequaltreatmentfromtheirparents.41.Brothersorsisterswillbereadytogiveeachotherahandpartlybecause__________.A.theyhavemoninterest B.theirparentsforcethemtoC.thereexistsageneticfactor D.theirparentsrequirethemtobe42.Theunderlinedword“friction”inPara.6isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.mildconflict B.closerelationshipC.activeinteraction D.cognitiveimitation43.Oneeffectivewaytoavoidconflictwhenlookingaftersickparentsisto__________.A.employanexperiencedcaregiver B.takeonreasonableburdensC.equallydividethefortune D.sendthemstraighttohospital44.ThewriterendsthepassagewithasongThanksgivingtoindicatethat__________.A.it’sdisappointingtoquarrelwithsiblingsB.it’sgratefultohavebrothersorsistersinlifeC.ThanksgivingDayisawonderfuloccasionD.ThanksgivingDayisatimeforbrothersorsisterstogettogether【答案】40.D41.C42.A43.B44.B【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。兄弟姐妹是指一個(gè)人的兄弟姐妹。成年后，我們對兄弟姐妹的依戀要比孩提時(shí)長得多。事實(shí)上，我們的兄弟姐妹關(guān)系是我們擁有的最持久的家庭關(guān)系。無論我們與我們的兄弟姐妹是親近還是疏遠(yuǎn)的，他們?nèi)匀皇俏覀兊男值芙忝谩獰o論是好是壞?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Onethingthatcanweakenclosenessinadulthoodisaparentwhoplayedfavoritesinchildhood;thissenseofhatredcanlastalifetime.可知，父母的不平等對待可能會助長兄弟姐妹之間的仇恨。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Siblingssharehalftheirgenes,whichbiologistssayshouldbemotivationenoughforeachother’sdevotion.可知，兄弟姐妹會愿意互相幫助，部分原因是存在遺傳因素。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句及下一句Theylearnfromthefrictionbetweenthem,too,astheyfightfortheirparents’attention.Mildconflictbetweenbrothersandsistersteachesthemhowtointeractwithfriendsandcoworkersfortherestoftheirlives.（他們也從他們之間的friction中學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)樗麄優(yōu)榱烁改傅淖⒁舛鵂幎?。兄弟姐妹之間的輕微沖突教會他們?nèi)绾卧谟嗌信c朋友和同事互動。）可推知，下句中的mildconflict指的就是friction。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Manyfamiliesgetthroughtheirparents’illnessesjustfine,establishingnetworkswheretheworkloadisdividedprettymuchequally.可知，照顧生病的父母時(shí)避免沖突的一個(gè)有效方法是承擔(dān)合理的負(fù)擔(dān)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。44題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Whetherweareclosetooursiblingsordistant,shewrites,theyremainourbrothersandsisters—forbetterorforworse.（她寫道，無論我們與我們的兄弟姐妹是親近還是疏遠(yuǎn)的，他們?nèi)匀皇俏覀兊男值芙忝谩獰o論是好是壞）及最后一段中的Soremembertheimmortal（永恒的）wordsoffolksingerLoudonWainwrightⅢ,inasongcalledThanksgiving.（所以記住民謠歌手Loudon溫賴特Ⅲ在一首名為感恩的歌中的不朽歌詞吧）可推知，作者以一首“感恩”的歌詞來結(jié)束這篇文章，以此來表達(dá)對生活中有兄弟姐妹的感激之情。故B選項(xiàng)正確。C“HasanyoneseenCharge?”Iasked,onlyhalfexpectingareply.Thekidswererunningaroundthehouse,eachdoingtheirownthing,andmyhusbandwaswatchingthefootballgame.Sinceshehadonlybeenoutofsightforafewhours,Iwasn’toverlyconcerned.Ithoughtshemustbeunderoneofthekids’beds,hidingfromallthemessthatwasnormalforaSundayafternooninourhome.①Chargewasnotgoodlooking,toputitkindly.Itwasn’therfault;shewassimplygiftedwiththeworstappearancetraits（特征）inherbackground.MyhusbandhadfoundChargewanderingalongthefreewayonedayonhiswayhomefromwork.Shelookedasthoughshehadn’teateninweeks,sohestoppedandfedherwithbitsofhisleftoverlunch.Notknowingwhattodo,hebroughtherhomewiththehopeoffindingherownersoratleastalovingfamilythatwouldtakeher.However,onceshewasinthehouse,thekidsweredeterminednottolethergo.Afteradayortwoofbegging,weunwillinglygaveinandtoldthemwecouldkeepher.Afterobservingheractionsfordays,Ifoundshewasextremelydistrustfulandafraidofeveryone.Intime,though,shecametolovethekidsandsleptontheirbedseverynight.Iwonderedifwhatshehadexperiencedhadconditionedhertobeprotectiveofthosewhowerehurting.Everytimethekidscried,Chargewouldruntothemandgentlyofferherfortingpaw（爪子）.Unlikeourcat,whohadrecentlygivenbirthtofivekittens,Chargewouldhavebeenagreatmother.②WhenIwasfinallyabletogeteveryone’sattentionatthedinnertable,IaskedagainifanyonehadseenCharge.Afteraunanimous（異口同聲的）“No”,Idecidedtotakealookaroundtheneighborhood.③“Charge!”Icried,becausethereshewasinthecloset!Shelookedupatmefrominsidethelittlecats’boxasiftosay,“Shhh,Ijustgotthemtosleep!”Weusuallykepttheclosetdooropenabitsoourmammacatcouldgoinandfeedherkittens,butshealwaysleftassoonasshefinishednursing.Obviously,Chargeknewtheyneededmoremammatimeandwasmorethanwillingtohelpout.④Thekidssmileduponseeingthedogwiththekittens.Myhusbandshookhisheadandsaid,“Onlyyou,Charge.Onlyyou!”Chargecontinuedtomotherthekittensuntiltheywereplacedintheirnewhomes.Chargemaynothavebeenanattractivedog,butshetrulyhadherinnerbeauty.45.Itc