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名詞CONTENTS名詞的種類(lèi)01名詞的數(shù)02名詞的量03名詞的格04名詞的句法功能05習(xí)題訓(xùn)練0601名詞的種類(lèi)一、名詞Whatis名詞?名詞是表示人、事物、及其抽象名詞的一種實(shí)詞。RubyrunwhatstudentluckyChinacloudysupermarketreallybutcupbecausehorsebecomesuchhappiness以下哪幾項(xiàng)是名詞?一、名詞的種類(lèi)1.專(zhuān)有名詞專(zhuān)有名詞特指人或事物的名稱(chēng),包括人名、地名、書(shū)名、月份、星期、組織和語(yǔ)言等。JanuarytheUnitedStatesBeijingChinaDailyStephenHawkingtheForbiddenCity書(shū)名/文獻(xiàn)會(huì)斜體會(huì)大寫(xiě)每個(gè)詞的首字母,閱讀題可以用于定位2.普通名詞普通名詞泛指一類(lèi)人或事物、某種物質(zhì)或抽象概念共有名稱(chēng)。(1)個(gè)體名詞:表示單個(gè)人或事物的名稱(chēng)。doctormanagerhousestreetfactorystudentpen個(gè)體名詞單數(shù)前面加a/an,復(fù)數(shù)通常加s2.普通名詞普通名詞泛指一類(lèi)人或事物、某種物質(zhì)或抽象概念共有名稱(chēng)。(2)集體名詞:表示多個(gè)人或事物的總稱(chēng)。表示無(wú)生命的物的“類(lèi)”clothingfurniturebaggage/luggagejewelrytrafficinfomationproducescenery它們指同一類(lèi)的許多東西,其用法與不可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng):①形式上總是單數(shù),沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)②不可直接與a(n)或數(shù)詞連用。表數(shù)量時(shí)用much,little,some,apieceof,anarticleof等。Eachroomhasfivepiecesoffurniture.每個(gè)房間有五件家具。Doyouwanttoseemyjewelry?Itisinthebox.你想看我的珠寶嗎?它在我的箱子里。表示“群”的集體名詞:peoplepolicecrew全體成員cattle牛,牲口poultry家禽vermin害蟲(chóng)(口訣:牲口家禽被害蟲(chóng)圍攻,人們警察全員出動(dòng))

上述詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolicearelookingforhim.警察當(dāng)局正在找他。familyclassteamgovernmentcrowdcoupleboardgroupgangenemyaudiencepublicmankindhumanityyouth▲▲上述部分的詞把集體當(dāng)作一個(gè)整體時(shí),用作單數(shù);若考慮構(gòu)成這些集體的各個(gè)成員時(shí),看作復(fù)數(shù)。Myfamilyisalargeone.我家是個(gè)大家庭。Myfamilyareallworkers.

我的家人都是工人。Oldpeopleneedsmorecare.(老人這個(gè)群體)Therearesomeoldpeopleinthepark.常用集體名詞的用法:1.family(家庭),team(隊(duì)),class(班),audience(聽(tīng)眾)等

其用法特點(diǎn)為:若視為整體,表示單數(shù)意義;若考慮其個(gè)體成員,表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。比較:

Thisclassconsistsof45students.這個(gè)班由45個(gè)學(xué)生組成。

ThisclassarestudyingEnglishnow.這個(gè)班的學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。常用集體名詞的用法:2.cattle(牛,牲畜),people(人),police(警察)等

其用法特點(diǎn)為:只有單數(shù)形式,但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù);不與a(n)連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。如:

Peoplewilllaughatyou.人們會(huì)笑你的。

Thepolicearelookingforhim.警察在找他。

Forthesemanycattlewerekilled.就因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因宰了不少牲畜。常用集體名詞的用法:3.goods(貨物),clothes(衣服)等

其用法特點(diǎn)是:只有復(fù)數(shù)形式(當(dāng)然也表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)),但通常不與數(shù)詞連用。如:

Suchclothesareveryexpensive.那樣的衣服很貴。

Towhomdothesegoodsbelong?這些書(shū)是誰(shuí)的?常用集體名詞的用法:4.mankind(人類(lèi))

是一個(gè)不可數(shù)的集合名詞,不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不連用冠詞。如:

Mankindhasitsownproblems.人類(lèi)有自己的問(wèn)題。

特別提醒:mankind表示“人(類(lèi))”時(shí),雖不可數(shù),但有時(shí)卻可以表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,尤其是當(dāng)其表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)。如:

Mankindareintelligentanimals.人是理智的動(dòng)物。

Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Theresearchgroup

(is,are)madeupoffivepeople.

2.What

(do,does)thegroupwantfortheirlunch?3.Ourfamily

(is,are)notpooranymore.4.Hehastoworry.Hisfamily

(is,are)waitingforhim.5.Theclass

(is,are)morethanfortyinnumber.isdoisareis6.Theclass

(have,has)disagreedamongthemselvesaboutwheretheyshouldgoandhaveapicnic.7.Thegovernment

(has,have)spentmorethantwomillionyuaninplantingtrees.8.Thecitygovernment

(has,have)differentopinionsaboutnextyear’splan.havehashave3.物質(zhì)名詞:表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)的名稱(chēng),包括表示材料、液體、氣體、食物、飲料等的名詞。waterpaperbeerclothsteelcottonoxygen①有些物質(zhì)名詞可做可數(shù)名詞,表示“一種”、“一杯”、“一份”aspecialteatwocoffees②個(gè)別名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示不同含義rains雨季snows積雪waters水域4.抽象名詞:表示抽象概念的名稱(chēng),包括動(dòng)作、形式、狀態(tài)、情感等抽象概念的名詞。carehonestylonelinesseducationbehaviourfaith抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞具體化difficulty困難adifficulty一件難事success成功asuccess一件成功的事failure失敗afailure一件失敗的事surprise驚喜asurprise一件令人驚奇的事relief寬慰,解脫arelief一種寬慰time時(shí)間 atime一段時(shí)光Whatarelief~02名詞的數(shù)1.可數(shù)名詞表示可以用具體數(shù)字來(lái)計(jì)算的人、事物或概念的普通名詞,包括個(gè)體名詞、多數(shù)集體名詞和一些抽象名詞,有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。情景導(dǎo)入:sinkorfloatWilltheysinkorfloat?applespencilsrocks語(yǔ)法探究為什么這三個(gè)名詞末尾都要加s?英語(yǔ)中表示2個(gè)或以上的人或事物時(shí),要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。一般情況下名詞復(fù)數(shù)直接在單數(shù)名詞后加-s構(gòu)成。例如:anapple-applesapencil-pencils情景導(dǎo)入:sinkorfloatWilltheysinkorfloat?glassesplasticboxespeachestoothbrushes語(yǔ)法探究以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-z結(jié)尾的名詞是怎么變復(fù)數(shù)的呢?以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-z結(jié)尾的名詞詞尾加-es。例如:abus-buses,abox-boxes,apeach-peaches,abrush-brushes情景導(dǎo)入:sinkorfloatWilltheysinkorfloat?keysdaisies語(yǔ)法探究為什么有的詞直接加-s,有的詞變y為i再加-es呢?以-y結(jié)尾的名詞是怎么變復(fù)數(shù)的呢?語(yǔ)法探究以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞,先變y為i再加-es,例如:acity-cities,anactivity-activities以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞直接加-s,例如:akey-keys,aday-days你知道哪些是元音字母嗎?元音字母有5個(gè),分別是a,e,i,o,u情景導(dǎo)入:sinkorfloatWilltheysinkorfloat?leavesknives語(yǔ)法探究對(duì)!但是也有一些單詞可以直接加-s,例如:abelief-beliefs,aroof-roofs。少部分單詞兩種方法都可以,例如:ahandkerchiefs/handkerchieves具體的單詞還是要多查詞典求證哦~以-f,-fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),去f或fe加-ves例如:aleaf-leaves,aknife-knives,ahalf-haves,thief-thieves語(yǔ)法秘籍巧記-f結(jié)尾的名詞直接加-s變復(fù)數(shù)海灣(gulf)邊,屋頂(roof)上,首領(lǐng)(chief)奴仆(serf)兩相望;誰(shuí)說(shuō)他們無(wú)信仰(belief),證據(jù)(proof)寫(xiě)在手帕(handkerchief)上。roofchiefserfhandkerchiefbeliefgulf情景導(dǎo)入:sinkorfloatWilltheysinkorfloat?potatoesavocados語(yǔ)法探究以-o結(jié)尾的名詞是怎么變復(fù)數(shù)的呢?1.加-s,例如:aphoto-photos,apiano-pianos2.加-es,例如:apotato-potatoes3.兩種方法均可,例如:zero-zeros/zeroes可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)律一般情況直接在單數(shù)名詞后加-s構(gòu)成apples以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-z結(jié)尾的名詞詞尾加-esToothbrushes以-y結(jié)尾的名詞以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞,先變y為i再加-es以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞直接加-sdaisieskeys可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)律以-f,-fe結(jié)尾的名詞去f或fe加-ves但是也有一些單詞可以直接加-s還有少部分單詞兩種方法都可以knivesroofshandkerchiefs/handkerchieves以-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s加-es兩種都可以photospotatoeszeros/zeroes“某國(guó)人”的復(fù)數(shù)變化:

CanadianGermanGreekChineseJapaneseEnglishmanFrenchwomanDutchman復(fù)數(shù):Canadians復(fù)數(shù):Germans復(fù)數(shù):Greeks復(fù)數(shù):Chinese復(fù)數(shù):Japanese復(fù)數(shù):Englishmen復(fù)數(shù):Frenchwomen復(fù)數(shù):Dutchmen直接加s單復(fù)數(shù)同形man變men,woman變women口訣:中日不變英法變,多數(shù)s加后面01.Shehasturneddownseveral__________(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.02.LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall_______(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.invitationscarrots03.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(醫(yī)學(xué)界)asamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside_______(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.04.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternative____________(explain)arehardtofind.effectsexplanations復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù):合成一個(gè)詞中間沒(méi)有連詞符,通常末尾加sbackpackblackboardgoalkeeperbreakdownbackpacksblackboardsgoalkeepersbreakdowns語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)怎么辦呢?有主要名詞,直接變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)例如:passers-by,fathers-in-law語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)怎么辦呢?沒(méi)有主要名詞,最后變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)例如:go-betweensgrown-ups語(yǔ)法探究

不規(guī)則之化妝派:改變部分字母foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse-miceman-menwoman-womenchild-children特殊復(fù)數(shù):

amanlawyer復(fù)數(shù):awomanteacher復(fù)數(shù):menlawyerswomenteachers語(yǔ)法探究

不規(guī)則之雙胞胎:?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)同形deersheepfishaircraftChineseJapanesemeansspecies中國(guó)人日本人很愛(ài)魚(yú)羊鹿語(yǔ)法小貼士fish:魚(yú)肉意為“魚(yú)肉”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞fish:魚(yú)意為“條數(shù)”時(shí),單復(fù)數(shù)同形fish:魚(yú)(種類(lèi))表示魚(yú)的種類(lèi)時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)形式為fishes語(yǔ)法小貼士貨幣單位美元、英鎊等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:adollartwodollars計(jì)量單位中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)計(jì)量單位大多無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:yuan(元)jiao(角)jin(斤)語(yǔ)法探究

不規(guī)則之偽裝者1:?jiǎn)螖?shù)形式,復(fù)數(shù)意義peopleHowmanypeoplewereatthemeeting?(朗文例句)policeThepolicearealsolookingforasecondcar.(柯林斯例句)the+形容詞TheChineseareindustriousandbrave.語(yǔ)法探究不規(guī)則之偽裝者2:以-s結(jié)尾,卻不是復(fù)數(shù)學(xué)科maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞一般是不可數(shù)名詞,視為單數(shù)。書(shū)刊名以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書(shū)名、劇名、報(bào)紙,雜志名也視為單數(shù)。如:TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstorybook.新聞news為不可數(shù)名詞,視為單數(shù)。國(guó)家名稱(chēng)詞組theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations視為單數(shù)。What’sthepluralofbook?bookesbooksbookiesWhat’sthepluralofbrush?brushesbrushsbrushWhat’sthepluralofbaby?babysbabiesbabyesWhat’sthepluralofkey?keieskeyeskeysWhat’sthepluraloftomato?tomatotomatostomatoesWhat’sthepluralofradio?radiosradioesradioWhat’sthepluralofknife?knifeknifesknivesHowmany____arethereinthebasket?potatobread1.tomatoesbreads答案:C考點(diǎn):少數(shù)以o結(jié)尾的+es的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化簡(jiǎn)析:籃子里有多少西紅柿。通過(guò)are可知,此空填可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),bread不可數(shù),故選C。______and______arenotfriends.Foxs…wolfs

Foxes…wolves

2.Foxes…wolfsFoxs...wolves答案:B考點(diǎn):以-s,-x,-sh,-ch結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化與少數(shù)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化。piano1.class2.cherry3.brush4.foot5.pianosclassescherriesbrushesfeetnumber6.sheep7.German8.child9.leaf10.numberssheepGermanschildrenleavesNowadayschildren’stoysseldomuse____(battery)towork.1.ThoughBobisanEnglishman,hecanspeakmorethantwoforeign____(language).2.Iwouldliketodecoratethewallsinmyfuturehousewithold_____(photo).3.DuringourvisittoEurope,wesawquiteafew____(church)inmanycountries.4.Theboycouldnotsleep,andhebegantocount____(sheep),butfailed.5.batterieslanguagesphotoschurchessheep某些表示兩部分構(gòu)成的名詞,常常作為復(fù)數(shù)名詞:trousersglassesscissorsjeanschopstickssocks兩條褲子twopairsoftrousers2.不可數(shù)名詞表示無(wú)法用具體數(shù)字來(lái)計(jì)算的事物、概念等的普通名詞,包含物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞和部分集體名詞,一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。有些不可數(shù)名詞加s后意思不一樣?。?!food食物-foods各種食物fruit水果-fruits各種水果paper紙張-papers文件glass玻璃-glasses眼鏡語(yǔ)法歸納advicesuggestion建議建議不可數(shù)可數(shù)Doyouknowhowtokeephealthy?Belowaresomeofmy__________.

Doyouknowhowtokeephealthy?Belowisapieceof__________.Room1Hintsuggestionsadvice牛津詞典例句Letmegiveyouapieceofadvice.CanImakeasuggestion?advicesuggestion-Whynotbuyasecondflatifyoudon’thaveenoughmoney.-That’sagood____.sayingsuggestion1.questiondecision答案:B

簡(jiǎn)析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是:saying說(shuō)法;question問(wèn)題;suggestion建議;decision決定。句意:——如果你沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián),為什么不先買(mǎi)一個(gè)二手的公寓呢?——那是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的建議。結(jié)合本題語(yǔ)境可知,所缺的詞是suggestion。Your____isveryhelpful.IguessI’lltakeit.secretadvice2.promisepurpose答案:B

簡(jiǎn)析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是:secret秘密;advice建議;promise承諾;purpose意圖。結(jié)合題干中的“我覺(jué)得我會(huì)采納的”可推斷,你的“建議”很有用,故所缺的詞是“advice”。語(yǔ)法歸納rewardaward可數(shù)可數(shù)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)獎(jiǎng)Andthe______forthisyear’sbestsingergoestoJayZhou!Ihelpedmymotherwithhouseworkthismorning,sosheboughtmeanicecreamasa/an______.awardrewardRoom2Hint牛津詞典英釋award:achievementreward:effortawardreward語(yǔ)法歸納informationmessage信息信息不可數(shù)可數(shù)Tomisn'tin.MayItakea__________

foryou?Hello.IsTomthere?Iwanttoknowsome________________

abouthisidol.Room3informationmessageinformationmessageHint牛津詞典例句Ileftamessageonyouransweringmachine.Thespacecraftwillsendbackmuchinformationaboutotherplanets.—HowcanIgetsome____aboutthe2016OlympicGames?—WhynotreachtheInternet?informationexperience3.practicesuccess答案:A簡(jiǎn)析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是:information消息;experience經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn);practice練習(xí);success成功。句意:——我該怎樣獲得關(guān)于2016年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的信息?——為什么不上網(wǎng)(試試)呢?語(yǔ)法歸納jobwork工作工作可數(shù)不可數(shù)I'mafraidIcan'tgotravellingwithyou.Istillhavemuch______todo.It’snotaneasy______.workjobRoom4Hint牛津詞典例句Shetookajobasawaitress.I’mstilllookingforwork.jobwork語(yǔ)法歸納clothescloth可數(shù),但一般用復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù),可數(shù)衣服布料(不),布(可)clothing不可數(shù)衣服,尤指某類(lèi)衣服Room5HintSummeriscoming.It'stimetogetthewinter__________packed.Agirlcan’thavetoomany__________.

I’dliketobuysome________tomakenewdresses.clothingclothesclothclothesclothingcloth圖解詞匯winterclothingclothescloth語(yǔ)法歸納competitionmatch可數(shù)可數(shù)泛指比賽特指體育比賽race可數(shù)特指競(jìng)速比賽Let’sgoandtakesomewonderfulpicturestoenterthephoto________.Thereisgoingtobeafootball______andahorse______nextweek.Room6matchracecompetitioncompetitionracematchHint關(guān)鍵提示match:ballrace:speed語(yǔ)法歸納countrystate國(guó)家國(guó)家泛指國(guó)家特指合眾國(guó)land國(guó)家文學(xué)作品中抒情用(美國(guó):theUnitedStatesofAmerica)(祖國(guó):nativeland;motherland)Haveyouwatchedthemovie,MyPeople,MyCountry?ThismovieremindsmeofthepoemwrittenbyAiQing,“Whyaremyeyesalwaysbrimmingwithtears,becauseIlovethe______sodearly.”Room7landcountrylandstateHint關(guān)鍵提示land:inapoeticoremotionalwaystate:talkaboutpoliticsYes,ofcourse.I’msoproudofmy____________.Andthehigh-speedtrains,whichbelongtothe______,arereallyincredible.Room7countrystatecountrylandstateHint關(guān)鍵提示land:inapoeticoremotionalwaystate:talkaboutpolitics語(yǔ)法歸納journeytrip旅行旅行單程,長(zhǎng)途旅行往返,短期旅行tour旅行目的是去不同的地方游玩Yes,myguided_____inNanjingwasawesome.tourFrankisonabusiness______.tripWhenhecomesback,wecanplanatriptogether.Doyouhaveagood__________?journeyRoom8journeytourtripHint關(guān)鍵提示journey:longtriptrip:shorttraveltour:sightseeing語(yǔ)法歸納soundvoice可數(shù)可數(shù)聲音嗓(sǎng)音noise可數(shù)噪(zào)音Room9soundnoisevoiceDon’tspeakinsuchahigh______.voiceI’mhavingaheadachebecauseIwaswokenupby______inthenight.noisesButIdidn’thearany______

lastnight.soundHint關(guān)鍵提示sound:聲音voice:嗓音noise:噪音常見(jiàn)不可數(shù)名詞:advice,furniture,homework,humor,luck,information,knowledge,baggage,luggage,news,progress,traffic,equipment,air,wealth,pollution03名詞的量名詞的量:?jiǎn)挝辉~是表示事物個(gè)體性的詞語(yǔ),英語(yǔ)中常用可數(shù)名詞和單位詞搭配來(lái)表示名詞的量,不可數(shù)名詞一般不能以個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算,對(duì)這類(lèi)名詞計(jì)算時(shí)也用單位詞。(1)表示個(gè)數(shù)、片數(shù)、件數(shù)的單位詞。apieceof:bread/cake/paper/furniture/luggage/music/advice/evidence/information/newsabitof:cake/meat/grass/information/luck/help/time/newsanitemof:news/information/clothingabunchof:flowers/keys/grapes/bananasHegavemeapieceofadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.(2)表示形狀的單位詞。abarofchocolate一條巧克力acakeofsoap一塊肥皂adropofwater/blood一滴水/血Thepolicefoundtherewasadropofbloodonthefloor.(3)表示容積、重量的單位詞。abagofflour一袋面粉abasketoffruit一籃水果abottleofmilk/wine一瓶牛奶/葡萄酒acupoftea一杯茶aglassofwater一杯水a(chǎn)kilogramofrice一千克大米Canyouremindmetobuyabottleofwine?(4)表示行為狀態(tài)的單位詞。aburstofapplause一陣掌聲acloudofdust一片塵土arayofhope一線希望aflashoflightning一道閃電Acloudofdustroseasthetruckdroveoff.(5)表示成雙、成群的單位詞。apairofshoes一雙鞋acrowdofpeople一群人aflockofbirds一群鳥(niǎo)Heworeoldjeansandapairofshoes.單位詞修飾名詞:修飾不可數(shù)名詞:anamountof,abitof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù):agoodmany,anumberof,amajorityof,ateamof,dozensof,scoresof,hundredsof,thousandsof既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞:alotof,avarietyof,aquantityof,aquarterof,anabundanceof,plentyof,themajorityof,therestof04名詞的格名詞中有主格、賓格和所有格三種形式,分別做句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表示所有關(guān)系。1.-‘s屬格①通常是名詞后加-’smyfather’scoat②以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在后面加’theteachers’office③以-s結(jié)尾的專(zhuān)有名詞所有格一般只在專(zhuān)有名詞后加’James’house復(fù)合名詞或作為一個(gè)整體的名詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成所有格時(shí)候,一般在最后的詞的詞尾加-’s或-’。herson-in-law’sphotothegrown-up’sduty“名詞(短語(yǔ))+同位語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成所有格時(shí),一般只在同位語(yǔ)后加-’s或-’。hisschoolmateMary’scar2.-’s屬格的用法①用于表示有生命的東西之后。Sheputacoinintothelittlegirl’shand.②-’s屬格所修飾的名詞如果是表示商店、房屋、建筑物等,常常省略該名詞。gotothebarber’sgotothedoctor’sgotomyuncle’sgotoTom’s=thebarber’sshop=thedoctor’sclinic=myuncle’shome=Tom’shome2.-’s屬格的用法③有些表示時(shí)間、距離、度量衡、價(jià)值、國(guó)家、城市、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等無(wú)生命的東西名詞后可以加-’s或-’構(gòu)成所有格。today’snewspaperfiveweeks’holidaytheearth’satmospherethetree’sbranchesthecountry’splantheworld’spopulationChina’sindustrytheship’screwmajority’sviewtheteam’svictoryamile’sjourneyfivedollars’worthofapples2.-’s屬格的用法④某些固定詞組abird’seyeview鳥(niǎo)瞰astone’sthrow一步之遙atone’swit’send不知所措⑤由and連接的并列名詞,如果表示共有在后面加’s,如果表示分別所有,在每個(gè)名詞后加‘s。TimandJack’sexperiment

(have)beencarriedout.Tim’sandJack’sexperiment

(have)beencarriedout.hashave3.of屬格(1)表示無(wú)生命的東西名詞一般與介詞of連用,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。thetitleofthenoveltheworkshopsofthefactory(2)某些較長(zhǎng)名詞或修飾語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)。theclassroomsofthefirstyearofthestudents(3)表示一類(lèi)的人或物的“the+形容詞”修飾名詞時(shí)。theeducationoftheyoung4.“of+抽象名詞”表示“具有某種性質(zhì)或特征”。常見(jiàn)抽象名詞:help,value,use,significance,importanceHissupportisofgreatimportancetous.=Hissupportisveryimportanttous.結(jié)構(gòu):beof+n.=be+adj.Who’she?It’safriendofmyfather’s.Doyouknowthem?Yes,Iknowoneofmyfather'sfriends.雙重所有格afriendofmyfather's.

注:a不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量onefriendofmyfather'sfriends.注:

one強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量情景導(dǎo)入雙重所有格的兩種構(gòu)成方法of+名詞性物主代詞2.of+-’sAbookofmineisblue.AnybookofA’sisnotblue.5.雙重所有格當(dāng)表示所屬物的名詞前有不定冠詞、數(shù)詞、指示代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、不定代詞,如a,two,this,which,some等,常用“of+-’s屬格”或“of+名詞性物主代詞”的雙重屬格形式,表示部分概念,指全體中的一部分。①of+名詞所有格afriendofmybrother’s(我哥哥眾多朋友中的其中一個(gè)朋友)②of+名詞物主代詞anecklaceofyours(你眾多項(xiàng)鏈中的其中一條項(xiàng)鏈)語(yǔ)法填空Weshouldprotect_________(woman)rights.June1stis____________(children)Day.Thisis_________________(LucyandLily)room,whichisbigandbright.Iwanttoread_________(today)newspaper.Wouldyoupleasepassmeonecopy?5.Ihaveboughtthreebooks,_____whichtwoareaboutEnglish.women’sChildren’sLucyandLily’stoday

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