第02講課文初探（記敘文指代猜測(cè)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度）

第02講課文初探+（記敘文指代+猜測(cè)+觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度）一、聽(tīng)見(jiàn)課文Ann,15LakesideHighSchoolUSAMynameisAnnWellsandI'maGrade10studentatLakesideHighSchool.I'man(act)personandIlovesports.I'm(curiosity)abouteverything.Ioftenaskquestions,butIlearnbestbydoing.My(favour)subjectisphysics.Dancingandskatingaremy，andIalsoliketoreadshortstories.Iplantobeean(engineering)inthefuture.Thando,16SouthHillHighSchoolSouthAfricaI'mThandoGowon.I'm16thisyear.IefromSouthAfrica.I'maGrade10studentatSouthHillHighSchool.Ilookgood，thinkfast，andplayhard.You'llneverseemeabookorapen.IfI'mnotinclass,I'minthelibraryintheputerlab.Attheweekends,IplayputergamesifI'mnotbusystudying.MydreamistomyownIT()!詞匯及短語(yǔ)歸納總結(jié)①activeadj.活躍的；積極的②curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的becuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇③favouriteadj.最喜歡的；特別喜愛(ài)的④hobbyn．業(yè)余愛(ài)好；嗜好⑤lookgood長(zhǎng)得挺好⑥thinkfast思維敏捷⑦playhard玩?zhèn)€痛快⑧either(兩者中的)任何一個(gè)；(兩者中的)每個(gè)either...or...或者……或者……⑨bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事⑩startvt.開(kāi)辦，創(chuàng)辦二、題型初識(shí)1、從記敘文說(shuō)起PassageAOystersactasnatural"waterpurifiers".Theyarefilterfeeders(濾食動(dòng)物).Thatmeanstheytakeinwaterthroughtheirgillsandfilteroutthefoodinit,suchasalgae(藻類)，whichtheytheneat.Asingleadultoystercanfilterupto189litresofwaterinaday.Astheyfeed,oystersalsofilterotherharmfulthingsoutofthewater.Oneoftheseisnitrogen,achemicalfoundinseptictanks(化糞池).Sometimesnitrogengetswashedintoriversandoceanswhenitrains.Toomuchnitrogeninthewatercausesmuchalgaetogrow.Thealgaeusesuptheoxygeninthewater,whichcanharmothersealife.Oystersfilternitrogenoutofthewateranduseittogrowtheirshells.1.Theunderlinedword"these"inParagraph3refersto____.A．oysters B．chemicals C．septictanks D．harmfulthings參考答案：1.代詞指代題。根據(jù)上文Astheyfeed,oystersalsofilterotherharmfulthingsoutofthewater.牡蠣在覓食時(shí)還會(huì)過(guò)濾掉水中的其他有害物質(zhì)?？芍甘敬~these指代"有害物質(zhì)"。故選D。PassageBScienceshowswhywetrustpeoplewhoareconfident.Imaginethis:onepersontellsalieconfidently,whileanothersayssomethingtrueinahesitantvoice.Whichpersonwouldyoutrust?2.Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedword"hesitant"inParagraph1?A．Confident. B．Excited. C．Active. D．Uncertain.參考答案：2.詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文:onepersontellsalieconfidently,whileanothersayssomethingtrueinahesitantvoice.一個(gè)人自信地說(shuō)謊，而另一個(gè)人則用猶豫的聲音說(shuō)真話。前后對(duì)比：自信地說(shuō)謊，猶豫的聲音說(shuō)真話?？赏浦?jiǎng)澗€單詞意為不確定的。故選D。PassageC……….So,whyaren'tweallwearingsmartglassesyet?Sofar,noonehasinventedabetterwaytosendimagesofourworldontoglasses.However,withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,smartglassescouldarrivemuchsoonerthanwethink.3.Howmightthewriterfeelaboutthefutureofsmartglasses?A．Bored. B．Confident. C．Satisfied. D．Uncertain.參考答案：3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段"However,withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,smartglassescouldarrivemuchsoonerthanwethink."可知，作者對(duì)智能眼鏡的前景是有信心的。故選B。2、題型講解2.1記敘文概述記敘文包括故事類、人物類和心靈雞湯類閱讀，每種類型都有其特點(diǎn)和閱讀策略。故事類閱讀要素:分析故事的六要素：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、經(jīng)過(guò)、結(jié)果。技巧:閱讀首末段，把握起因和結(jié)局。關(guān)注中間段落，特別是時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。分析主人公的行為和情緒變化。判斷故事的中心思想。人物類閱讀特點(diǎn):涉及人物生平、貢獻(xiàn)，充滿事實(shí)和證據(jù)。技巧:按時(shí)間順序關(guān)注人物事件。發(fā)現(xiàn)特殊貢獻(xiàn)和事件間的關(guān)聯(lián)。若文本為片段，采用類似故事類的閱讀方法。心靈雞湯類閱讀特點(diǎn):描述心理歷程，提供精神或心理指導(dǎo)。技巧:閱讀并思考故事背后的道理。繼續(xù)閱讀作者的觀點(diǎn)以深入理解。練習(xí)時(shí)以文本為依據(jù)，避免過(guò)度推斷。閱讀技巧總結(jié)對(duì)于所有類型，先快速瀏覽以了解大意。注重文本中的關(guān)鍵信息，如時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。分析人物行為和心理變化，理解故事深層含義。在心靈雞湯類閱讀中，尋找故事與哲理的聯(lián)系。練習(xí)時(shí)，始終基于文本內(nèi)容，避免主觀臆斷。2.2代詞指代題題型特點(diǎn)：代詞如it,they,one等用于避免重復(fù)，體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇邏輯。設(shè)問(wèn)形式：Theword"xxx"inXXXrefersto?解題步驟：定位文中指代詞。向上文搜索，找到最近的名詞或句子。代入找到的詞或句子，檢查文意是否通順。與選項(xiàng)比較，確定最佳答案。2.3詞義猜測(cè)題題型特點(diǎn)：考查利用上下文猜測(cè)詞義的能力。題型分類：熟詞新義：特定語(yǔ)境下的詞義推斷。生詞釋義：根據(jù)有限上下文推斷詞義。難句釋義：根據(jù)較大范圍上下文推斷句意。設(shè)問(wèn)形式：What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase"xxx"inChinese?Theunderlinedword"xxx"refersto/probablymeans...Theunderlinedword"xxx"couldbereplacedby...Whatisthemeaningof"xxx"?Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword"xxx"?2.4觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題題型特點(diǎn)：識(shí)別并區(qū)分文本中作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，特別是針對(duì)文章主題或特定對(duì)象的態(tài)度。設(shè)問(wèn)形式：通常詢問(wèn)作者對(duì)某一主題或項(xiàng)目的態(tài)度，例如"Theauthor'sattitudetowards/to'xxx'seemstobethatof..."錯(cuò)誤率較高的態(tài)度類選項(xiàng)：冷漠類：indifferent,careless,disinterested。迷惑類：confused,puzzled,uncertain。主觀類：subjective,fearful,prejudiced,biased,gloomy,questionable,scared,sarcastic,doubtful,skeptical。中立選項(xiàng)（通常不選）：neutral。可能正確的態(tài)度類選項(xiàng)（需結(jié)合文本內(nèi)容確認(rèn)）：正面評(píng)價(jià)：positive,approval,supportive,favor。負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)：negative,disapproval,critical。中立評(píng)價(jià)（有傾向）：objective,impartial,unbiased。3、同頻練習(xí)PassageAShethendidanotherstudywithcollegestudents.Duckworthwantedtoseehowsmartsandgritinfluencedperformanceinschool.Sosheparedscoresoncollegeentranceexams,whichtestIQ,toschoolgradesandsomeone’sscoreinthegrittest.Studentswithhighergradesseemtohavemoregrit.That’snotsurprising.Gettinggoodgradestakesbothsmartsandhardwork.Butsomepeoplecounterthatthisgritmeanssuccess.AmongthosepeopleisMarcusCredé,ateacheratIowaStateUniversityinAmes.Herecentlyshowedtheresultsof88studiesongrit.Together,nearly67,000peopletookpartinthesestudies.Andgritdidnotpredictsuccess,Credéfound.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Reply. B.Question. C.Accept. D.Warn.參考答案：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的“Sosheparedscoresoncollegeentranceexams,whichtestIQ,toschoolgradesandsomeone’sscoreinthegrittest.Studentswithhighergradesseemtohavemoregrit.(因此，她將測(cè)試智商的大學(xué)入學(xué)考試的分?jǐn)?shù)與學(xué)校成績(jī)和某人在毅力測(cè)試中的分?jǐn)?shù)進(jìn)行了比較。成績(jī)?cè)礁叩膶W(xué)生似乎更有毅力)”可知，Duckworth認(rèn)為毅力和成功有很大關(guān)系。結(jié)合劃線詞所在句子中的but可知，該句陳述的觀點(diǎn)與上文相反，即一些人反對(duì)毅力意味著成功這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。由此猜測(cè)劃線詞意為“反對(duì)，質(zhì)疑”，與question同義。故選B。PassageBIn2013,researchersstudiedthechangingconditionsintheCocoaBelt.Theysaidthatby2050,itwillbehardertogrowcacaoin90%ofplaceswhereitisnowplanted.ButChristianBunnoftheInternationalCenterforTropicalAgriculturesayschocolatewon’tdisappearanytimesoon.Planstoprotectitarealreadytakingshape.Onesolutiontotheproblemiscrossbreeding(雜交).Scientistshavedevelopednewcacaotreesthatstanduptodisease.Someevenproducemorecacao.Weatherstationswillalsohelp.GroupsarebuildingtheminAfrica.Around70%ofcacaoisgrownthere.Informationfromthestationswillhelpfarmersknowwhentoplanttrees.“Yearsback,farmerswouldfollowfarmingrulesthatgowiththeseasons,”Bunnsaid.“Thoserulesdon'talwaysapplyanymore.”Thesefixescouldhelpfarmersgrowmorecacaoonlessland.Thatcouldhelpendthepushtoclearrainforest.That’sgoodforchocolate,andasweetdealfortheplanet.“Everythinghasasideeffect,”Bunnsaid.“Wehavetobesmarteraboutourfood.”2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“standupto”inparagraph5probablymean?A．Gowith. B．Diefrom. C．Protectagainst. D．Bringabout.3．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothechocolateprotectionplans?A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring. C．Positive. D．Disapproving.參考答案：2．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Climatechangehasalsoledtothespreadofdiseasethatharmstrees.(氣候變化也導(dǎo)致了危害樹(shù)木的疾病的傳播。)”和劃線詞句前文“Onesolutiontotheproblemiscrossbreeding.(解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)辦法是雜交育種。)”及后文“Someevenproducemorecacao.(有些甚至能生產(chǎn)更多的可可。)”說(shuō)明科學(xué)家有辦法防止樹(shù)木的疾病，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Scientistshavedevelopednewcacaotreesthatstanduptodisease.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出了能夠standupto疾病的新型可可樹(shù)。)”其中劃線短語(yǔ)意思是“防止”。故選C項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thesefixescouldhelpfarmersgrowmorecacaoonlessland.(這些補(bǔ)救措施可以幫助農(nóng)民在更少的土地上種植更多的可可。)”可知，作者對(duì)這些措施持肯定態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。PassageCBingewatching(追劇)yourfavoriteTVseriesisbadforyourbrain.Dr.RandallWright,basedinTexas,saidtheneedtowatchepisode(集)afterepisodehasasimilarinfluenceonthebraintogambling(賭博).What’smore,itoftenleadstosocialloneliness,snackingonjunkfoodandashortageofexerciseandsleep,which,overtime,isbadforthebrain.4.Whatmight“it”inparagraphIreferto?A．Gambling. B．Bingewatching. C．TVseries. D．Brain.參考答案：4．代詞指代題。根據(jù)上文“Dr.RandallWright,basedinTexas,saidtheneedtowatchepisode(集)afterepisodehasasimilarinfluenceonthebraintogambling(賭博).(德克薩斯州的蘭德?tīng)枴べ囂夭┦空f(shuō)，一集接一集地看電視對(duì)大腦的影響與賭博相似。)”和后文“What’smore,itoftenleadstosocialloneliness(更糟糕的是，它經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致社交孤單感等不良影響)”，所以it指的是追電視劇。故選B。PassageDItallbeganinEverett,Washington,wheremyprojectteamwasintheprocessofconductingoneofourbusinesssystems.Sotoughwastheprojectthatweoftenstayeduppletingthetasksassigned.Allofuswerewornout.Onenight,asIwalkedthroughtheparkinglotwithoneofmyemployees.Ifoundacentandpickeditup.Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Jokingly,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,"Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts."Heputthecentinhispocket."Thankyou,"hesaid,awaveofjoysweepingacrosshisface.Aboutsixmonthslater,Iwaswalkingwiththesameemployee,thistimeinLosAlamitos,California,whenIagainfoundacentandgaveittohimwiththesamewords.Later,Igotintohisofficeandthere,tapedonapieceofpaper,werethetwocents,whichmademesurprised.Hesaidhewasdisplayingthemashisrecognitionforajobwelldone.Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn'treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe"reward".ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.Thefrontfeaturesaplaceforacentandbesideitthephrase,"Yourworkisrecognized!"Thebackhasroomfor30morecentsandthephrase,"Yourachievementscount!"Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn'thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.That'showthe"OneCentAward"wasborn.It'sbeeasignificantsourceofrecognitioninourorganization.1．Whydidtheauthorgiveacenttotheemployeeinitially?A．Toamusehim. B．Tosurprisehim. C．Torewardhim. D．Topraisehim.2．Whatinspiredtheauthortohandoutcents?A．Thedesignofacentholder. B．Thesharedbeliefsinhisteam.C．Theeagernessoffellowemployees. D．Thedesireforbetterachievements.3．WhydidMiareturntheauthor24cents?A．Shewasadvisedtodoso. B．Onecentstoodforrecognition.C．Theauthorwasmeanwithmoney. D．Itisthepany'sstrictregulation.4．Whichcanbestdescribetheemployeesreceivingonecent?A．Greedy. B．Talented. C．Informed. D．Motivated.【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者一次不經(jīng)意給員工發(fā)了一枚硬幣，以表示對(duì)其工作的認(rèn)可，之后員工們努力進(jìn)取并形成企業(yè)文化的故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Playfully,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,“Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts.”(瞥了一眼我疲憊的員工。我突然想到一個(gè)使他高興的主意。我開(kāi)玩笑地把那枚硬幣遞給那位員工，說(shuō)：“這是對(duì)你努力的非正式獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。”)”可知，作者起初只是讓員工開(kāi)心，與他開(kāi)了個(gè)玩笑。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.(其他員工注意到這些驕傲地展示出來(lái)的美分，開(kāi)始問(wèn)為什么他們沒(méi)有收到一美分。他們也渴望得到“獎(jiǎng)賞”)”可知，同事們的急切心情啟發(fā)了作者分發(fā)硬幣。故選C項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn’thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.(有一次，我看到一位名叫米婭的員工做對(duì)了一件事，我想認(rèn)可她，但我沒(méi)有一分硬幣，所以我給了她一個(gè)25美分的硬幣。當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候，她來(lái)找我，還給了我24美分)”可知，米婭還給了作者24美分是因?yàn)橐环钟矌糯碚J(rèn)可。故選B項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.(其他員工注意到這些驕傲地展示出來(lái)的美分，開(kāi)始問(wèn)為什么他們沒(méi)有收到一美分。他們也渴望得到“獎(jiǎng)賞”。就在那時(shí)，我開(kāi)始分發(fā)硬幣，解釋說(shuō)它們是為了表彰，而不是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。很快，很多人都想要這種硬幣，于是我設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)硬幣夾)”可推知，員工們都積極向上。故選D項(xiàng)。三、課后作業(yè)1、聽(tīng)力小練聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatwillthewomanbuy?A．Ahat.B．Apostcard.C．Atoy.7．Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A．$80.B．$65.C．$45.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatdoesthewomanplantodotoday?A．Gocamping.B．VisitLinda.C．Finishherreport.9．Whenwillthemangointotown?A．OnFriday.B．OnSaturday.C．OnSunday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatistheman?A．Adoctor.B．Anengineer.C．Anactor.11．Whatdoesthemandoforthecity?A.Hebuildsroadsandbridges.B．Hedesignsbuildings.C．Hedesignsroadsandbridges.12．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Oldfriends.B．Newfriends.C．Relatives.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．HowoldisMarynow?A．18.B．20.C．21.14．WhatisMary'sbrother?A．Afashiondesigner.B．Amodel.C．Aphotographer.15．FromwhomdidMaryreceivetheearrings?A．Jenny.B．Herboyfriend.C．Herbrother.16．Whatwillthemanmostprobablydotomorrow?A．Chooseagifthimself.B．Askforadviceonpickingadress.C．Celebratehisgirlfriend'sbirthday.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdayisittoday?A．Monday.B．Tuesday.C．Wednesday.18．Whichseasonistheweatherreportabout?A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Winter.19．Whatdoestheweatherreportersuggestpeopledo?A．Wearwarmclothes.B．Drinkmorewater.C．Sleepoutside.20．Whatisthenextprogramabout?A．Theinternationalnews.B．Thelocalnews.C．Thetrafficreport.【第三組】6～10ACABB11～15CBBCB16～20BBBCC聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。(Text6)W：Excuseme.IamatouristhereandIamlookingforsomethinglocalandspecialhereasgifts.Couldyougivemesomesuggestions?M：Well,wehavequiteafewchoiceshere：postcardswithouroldbuildings,handmadecottonhatsandovertheresomespecialtoys.W：Thesehatslookverybeautiful!Howmucharethey?M：Forty-fivedollarseachoreightydollarsforthepair.Themoreyoubuy,thelowerpriceIcanoffer.W：OK,butI'llbuyoneformymotherrightnow.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。(Text7)W：Whereareyougoingtoday,Mark?M：I'mgoingtothelibrary.Whataboutyou?W：I'llgocampingwithLinda.Whydoyouwanttogotothelibrarytoday?It'sFriday.Weshouldhavesomefun.M：Well,Ihavetohandinmyreporttomorrowmorning.W：Tomorrowmorning?Didn'tMr.SmithaskustohanditinnextMondaymorning?M：I'mgoingintotowntomorrowafternoon.Iwon'treturnuntilSundaynight.SoIwanttohanditinbeforeIgo.W：NowIsee.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。(Text8)W：So,tellmealittleaboutyourself.M：Gee-uh...Idon'tknowwheretobegin.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?W：Well,let'ssee...Whatdoyoudo?M：I'manengineer.W：Anengineer?Hmm,that'sinteresting.Doyouenjoyyourwork?M：Yes.Ilikeitalot.W：Tellme,whatexactlydoyoudoasanengineer?M：Well,Idesignroadsandbridgesforthecity.W：Oh.Thatsoundslikeaveryexcitingjob.M：Itis.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。(Text9)M：Whatanicedress!Mary,youlookreallygoodinit!Areyougoingtoapartytonight?W：Yes.Jennyisthrowingapartytonight.It'shereighteenthbirthday.Shehasinvitedmanypeople.I'msureI'mgoingtohaveagreattimethere.Weren'tyouinvited?M：No.I'mnotafriendofhers.Sodidyoubuythedressespeciallyfortheparty?W：Actually,Ididn'tbuyit.Itwasagiftfrommybrother.Hegaveittomeonmytwentiethbirthdaytwoweeksago.He'sgoodatpickingdresses,isn'the?M：Certainlyheis!Whatisyourbrother?Afashiondesigner?W：No.Heworksforamagazine.Hetakesphotosofmodelsforthemagazine.Myfriendslikegoingshoppingwithmybrotherbecausehegivesthemverygoodadvice.Buthehasaverybusyworkschedule.M：Oh,Ilikeyourearrings,too.Aretheyalsoagiftfromyourbrother,too?W：No.They'reagiftfrommyboyfriendJames.I'msureheaskedmybrotherforhelp.Youknow,heisn'tgoodatpickinggifts.ButIlovethispairofearrings.M：I'mconsideringbuyingadressforLucy.Herbirthdayisjustthreeweeksaway.Doyouthinkyourbrothercouldhelpme?W：Well,Ihaveplannedtogoshoppingwithmybrothertomorrowafternoon.Whynotjoinus?M：OK.That'dbegreat!Thanks,Mary.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。(Text10)M：Goodmorning,thisisJesseWilliamswithyourTuesdayweatherreport.Wehadahotandsunnydayyesterday.Thetemperaturewas36℃.Itisexpectedthattoday'stemperaturecouldclimbtoashighas38℃bythelateafternoon.Rightnow,onlyanhouraftersunrise,thetemperatureinourcityisalready29℃.Unfortunately,thereisalsonorainforthenextfivedays.Thisisbadnewsforthethirstyforestinourcity.Wednesdayisforecasttobehotter,reaching40degreeswithasurprising28℃overnight.ItisthehottestAugustdaysince30℃in2015.Thegoodnewsisthatitwillbewindytonight.Soitseemsthatsettingupatentinthebackyardmaybetheonlywaytocatchsomesleeptonightifyoudon'thaveanair-conditioner.Whenyougoout,pleasewearyourhatandsunglasses.That'sallfortoday'sweatherreport.Thetrafficreportinthemorningisasfollows.Thankyouforlistening.2、閱讀練習(xí)PassageAJiangShumeilearnedherfirstChinesecharacterattheageof60.Now,the87yearoldgrandmotheristheproudauthorofsixbooks.Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinadevastatingcaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsadness.Theelderlywomanbadherownwayoflearning.Sheposedlyricsforsongs,andaskedchildrentowritethemdown,sothatshecouldreadeachcharacterasshesangthesongsagainandagain.Whenevershecameacrosscharactersshedidn’tknowonpamphlets,busstops,orshopsigns,shefoundsomeonetoask.“Itsoundsunbelievable,andmybrotherusedtolaughatmydaydreams.”thegrandmothersays.Shefirstputpentopaperin2012,attheageof75.Itwasnoteasy.Sometimes,pletingasinglesentencecouldtakeaday.Asacollegeteacherandawriterherself,Zhanggavehermotheralotofencouragementandhelp.Thefirstbook,TimeofTrouble,TimeofPoverty,waspublishedlaterthatyear,andprovedtobeasuccess.Somecriticsevenhaileditasthe“l(fā)ivedhistoryofanationplaguedbywar,deathandhunger”.Sofar,theelderlywomanhaspublishedsixbooks,totalingmorethan600,000charactersinlength.Inhersparetime,sheisalsolearningpaintingandcalligraphy.“Iwouldliketobeawriter,apainterandacalligrapher,”shesays,addingthatherdreamnowistohaveherownartexhibitionwhensheis90.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.1．WhydidJiangShumeistarttolearnChinesecharacters?A．Tochallengeherself B．Herdaughter’scaraccident.C．Herhusband’ssuggestion D．Togetridofsorrow.2．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Howshelearnedcharacters. B．Howshemetnewcharacters.C．Howsheposedsongs. D．Howshelearnttosingthesongs.3．WhatdidJiangShumei’sbrotherthinkofher?A．She’sdetermined. B．She’sodd.C．She’ssevere. D．She’sadmirable.4．WhatcanwelearnfromJiangShumei’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Factsspeaklouderthanwords. B．Wherethere’slife,there’shope.C．It’snevertoolatetolearn. D．Nopains,nogains.【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了JiangShumei在60歲開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)漢字并后來(lái)成為一名作家的勵(lì)志故事。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinadevastatingcaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsadness.(1996年，她的丈夫在一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的車禍中去世，她的女兒ZhangAiling建議她學(xué)習(xí)閱讀，以消除孤獨(dú)和悲傷，她學(xué)會(huì)了第一個(gè)漢字。)”可知，JiangShumei學(xué)習(xí)漢字是為了擺脫悲傷。故選D。2．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theelderlywomanbadherownwayoflearning.Sheposedlyricsforsongs,andaskedchildrentowritethemdown,sothatshecouldreadeachcharacterasshesangthesongsagainandagain.Whenevershecameacrosscharactersshedidn’tknowonpamphlets,busstops,orshopsigns,shefoundsomeonetoask.(這位老婦人有自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。她為歌曲創(chuàng)作歌詞，并讓孩子們把它們寫(xiě)下來(lái)，這樣她就可以在一遍又一遍地唱歌時(shí)讀懂每個(gè)字。每當(dāng)她在小冊(cè)子、公交車站或商店招牌上遇到她不認(rèn)識(shí)的字時(shí)，她就會(huì)找個(gè)人去問(wèn)。)”可知，第三段主要介紹了她是如何學(xué)習(xí)漢字的。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itsoundsunbelievable,andmybrotherusedtolaughatmydaydreams.(這聽(tīng)起來(lái)難以置信，我哥哥過(guò)去常常嘲笑我的白日夢(mèng)。)”可知，她的哥哥覺(jué)得她很奇怪，故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的““Iwouldliketobeawriter,apainterandacalligrapher,”shesays,addingthatherdreamnowistohaveherownartexhibitionwhensheis90.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.(“我想成為一名作家、畫(huà)家和書(shū)法家，”她說(shuō)，并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，她現(xiàn)在的夢(mèng)想是在90歲時(shí)舉辦自己的藝術(shù)展。“如果我能活到130歲，你還會(huì)說(shuō)我60歲以后再開(kāi)始太晚嗎？”她開(kāi)玩笑地問(wèn)道。)”可知，從她的話里我們可以明白“活到老，學(xué)到老”的道理。故選C。PassageBAnold,wisemanwhogrewsickerfelthisjourneyonEarthwasingtoanend.However,hissonwasstillayoungmanandhadyettoreachhisfullpotential.Andsothefathertookituponhimselftoteachhissonthewaysoftheworld.Theoldmanhandedtheyoungmanawatch,afamilyheirloom(傳家寶)passeddownforgenerations.“Askthejewelerhowmuchit'sworth.Butdon'tacceptanyoffer.Instead,ebackhomewiththewatch.”Theboydidashewasinstructed.ThejewelersaiditwasonlyworthS100ashe'dhaveahardtimefindingabuyer.“Okay,”thefathersaid.“Thentakethewatchtothepawnshop(當(dāng)鋪).Seehowmuchyoucangetforthewatch.”Inhismind,theboydisagreed.Buthedidn'twanttoarguewithhisfatherinpoorhealthsohedidthejobanyway.Heevenwentaboveandbeyondtoseetwofriendsworkinginpawnshopsonlytobetoldthewatchhadscratches,whichevenhedidn'tnoticeaftercarryingitallday.Thefatherpausedforamomentandsaid,“Iwantyoutogotothemuseumthistime.There'sawomanIwantyoutotalkto.Isensethispersonwillknowbetterwhatthiswatchisreallyworth.”Aftermeetinghisfather'sfriend,heranbackhometotellhisoldmanthegoodnews,“Youwon'tbelieveit!Wefinallygotanamazingoffer.Shesaidsheneverthoughtshe'dseeoneinperson.Themuseumwouldliketobuyitfor$35.000!Ihaven'trealizedIwasholdingontosomethingthatvaluable.”Hisdadsaid.“What'smoreimportanttomeisthatyoulearnedsomethingaboutvalueandselfworth.Yousee—justlikethatwatch—youtoohavevalue.Andifyougotothewrongplaces,you'llneverknowjusthowmuchvalueyouhave.Evenyourownfriendscangetitwrong.Butthere'salwaysaplaceyoucangotowhereeveryonewillseeyourrealvalue.”1．Whywastheboytoldhiswatchwasscratched?A．Hewastoocareless. B．Hewasn'ttakenseriously.C．Hemightnotgetaproperprice