詞匯專題（Unit7Unit8）八年級(jí)下學(xué)期英語（牛津譯林版）期末復(fù)習(xí)

牛津譯林版八年級(jí)下學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)詞匯專題(Units78)重點(diǎn)詞匯可能的考查方式舉例educatev.教育educationn.教育educationaladj.具有教育意義的educatorn.教育學(xué)家aneducationalfilmagreateducatorandthinkereducatechildrentohavepatiencespreadv.傳播、展開過去式spread過去分詞spread；“傳播”沒有被動(dòng)；“展開”有被動(dòng)Thenewshasspreadalloverthecityforhours.Thetablecloth(桌布)isspreadout.blindadj失明的blindnessn.失明theblind盲人the+adj.表示一類人，作復(fù)數(shù)Theblindshouldbelaughedatbecauseoftheirblindness.patientn.病人一詞多義：adj.有耐心的反義詞impatient急躁的、不耐煩的bepatient/impatientwithsbDoctorsandnursesherearealwayspatientwithallthepatients.operatev.做手術(shù)operateonsb—被動(dòng)sbbeoperateondoanoperationonsb—被動(dòng)anoperationbedoneonsbHerleftarmwasoperatedonlastweek,andanotheroperationwillbedoneontheotherarm.developv.發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的；developingadj.發(fā)展中的;developmentn.發(fā)展HasChinabeenadevelopedcountry?withthedevelopmentoftechnologyincludev.包括includingprep.包括includedadj.包括在內(nèi)的Iboughtalotoffruit,includingdurianandstrawberries.MuchinformationisrecordedinMissLeo’snotebook,ouraddressesincluded.allowv.allowdoing允許做某事allowsbtodo允許某人做某事sbbeallowtodo某人被允許做某事Theopenspaceallowsparking.MumallowedmetoplayputergameseverySundayafternoon.Studentsaren’tallowedtotakewithmobilephonesatschool.wiseadj.明智的wiselyadv.明智地wisdomn.智慧Pleaseuseyourwisdomtosolvethisproblemwiselytogether.differentadj.不同的differencen.區(qū)別、差別makeadifferenceto對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響、起作用Howmanydifferencescanyouseebetweentwophotos?HasAImadeagreatdifferencetoourlifeyet?pollutev.污染pollutionn.污染pollutedadj.被污染的reduceallkindsofpollutionpollutedairandwaterharmv./n.傷害adj.harmful有害的，harmless無害的beharmfulto對(duì)…有害=doharmtoThepollutedairisharmfultoourhealthastheycandoharmtoourlungs(肺).carev.在乎、關(guān)心carefuladj.認(rèn)真的adv.carefullycarelessadj.馬虎地adv.carelesslycarelessnessn粗心Remembertobecarefulwithimportantthingsoutside.Becauseofyourcarelessness,youalmostlostyourIDcard.考點(diǎn)演練1.The______(blind)influences(影響)theman.Hecan’tgoouttofindajob.【考點(diǎn)】作主語用名詞；blind是形容詞，名詞是blindness2.Mr.Kingisanexcellentdoctorandhasdonehundredsof______(operate)sofar.【考點(diǎn)】hundredsof后加復(fù)數(shù)名詞；operate是動(dòng)詞，名詞是operation3.Everyonecanseethequick______(develop)ineconomy(經(jīng)濟(jì))ofChinanow.【考點(diǎn)】the后加名詞；develop是動(dòng)詞，名詞是development4.Theleaves______(spread)outinthestreetsafterthestrongwindyesterday.【考點(diǎn)】此處spread指“鋪開”，有被動(dòng)語態(tài)；一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/weredone5.Thetouristshavewaitedattheairportforhours.Everyoneisgetting______(patient).【考點(diǎn)】patient“耐心的”，impatient“不耐煩的”6.—Howmanypeoplewerebadlyhurtinthefire?—Five,______(include)twokidsandanoldman.【考點(diǎn)】此處不是謂語動(dòng)詞，用介詞including7.Factoriesaren’tallowed______(pollute)theairwithheavysmoke.【考點(diǎn)】beallowedtodo“被允許做某事”8.Inthisarea,water______(pollute)hasbeeaveryseriousproblem.【考點(diǎn)】waterpollution“水污染”9.Drinkingtoomuchjuicewill______(harmful)yourteeth.【考點(diǎn)】will+動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)；harmful是形容詞，動(dòng)詞是harm10.Lindaalwaysdoesherhomework______(careful),sohedoesn’tpassthisexam.【考點(diǎn)】副詞修飾動(dòng)作doherhomework；careful“仔細(xì)的”—反義詞careless—副詞carelessly答案1.blindness2.operations3.development4.werespread5.impatient6.including7.topollute8.pollution9.harm10.carelessly提優(yōu)訓(xùn)練一、詞匯運(yùn)用1.ThenewsraisedahotdiscussionabouthowtouseAI______(wise).2.Theharmfulmaterialscanleadto______(blind)andotherdiseases.3.Thebadly______(pollute)riverlooksdarkandsmelly.Somethingmustbedone!4.Intheswimmingclub,onlymembers______(allow)totakeshowers.5.Themother______(spread)herarmsandthechildrantowardsherhappily.6.Manypeoplewerebadlyhurtinthecaraccident.Someofthemneeded______(operate)onatonce.7.Tommyiseven______(care)thanlasttime.Sohemakesfewermistakesinhisnewproject.8.Weshouldtrytohelpthe______(able)liketheblindandthedeaf.9.Theexperiencereallymadeahuge______(different)tomylife.10.While______(operate)anewmachineinthelaboratory,youshouldfollowyourteacher’sinstructions.二、完成句子1.到目前為止，污染對(duì)地球產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。Sofar,__________________________theEarth.2.他告訴我們他當(dāng)時(shí)正在為那個(gè)病人動(dòng)手術(shù)。Hetoldusthat__________________atthattime.3.如何處理空氣污染是中國(guó)政府正面臨的一個(gè)大難題。__________________isadifficultproblemChinesegovernmentisfacing.4.Eddie一完成工作，他將被允許休息兩周。Eddie_________________________hefinisheshiswork.5.我們都希望生活在一個(gè)污染更少的世界里，所以現(xiàn)在是我們走向綠色的時(shí)候了。Weallhopetoliveina____________(pollute)world,soit’stime______________now.【詞匯運(yùn)用答案】1.wisely【詳解】句意：這一新聞引發(fā)了關(guān)于如何明智地使用人工智能的熱議。根據(jù)“howtouseAI”可知，此處填副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，wise的副詞形式是wisely“明智地”，故填wisely。2.blindness【詳解】句意：有害物質(zhì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致失明和其他疾病。blind失明的，形容詞，and前后詞性一致，and后是名詞，故此處填名詞blindness“失明”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填blindness。3.polluted【詳解】句意：這條污染嚴(yán)重的河看起來又黑又臭。必須做點(diǎn)什么！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞pollute“污染”與名詞river是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此這里應(yīng)用過去分詞polluted作定語修飾名詞river。故填polluted。4.areallowed【詳解】句意：在游泳俱樂部，只有會(huì)員才允許洗澡。“members”與“allow”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：are/is+動(dòng)詞過去分詞。又因主語“members”為復(fù)數(shù)，故be用are。故填areallowed。5.spread【詳解】句意：母親張開雙臂，孩子高興地朝她跑來。本句是and連接的并列句，前后句子的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致。根據(jù)“thechildrantowardsherhappily”是一般過去時(shí)，可知此句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)。spread是過去式是spread；故填spread。6.tobeoperated/operating【詳解】句意：許多人在車禍中受了重傷。他們中的一些人需要立即動(dòng)手術(shù)。根據(jù)“Someofthemneeded...(operate)onatonce.”可知，此處是指他們中的一些人需要被做手術(shù)，needtobedone等同于needdoing“需要被做”，因此空處用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)或者動(dòng)名詞。故填tobeoperated/operating。7.morecareful【詳解】句意：Tommy甚至比上一次更小心。所以他在他的新項(xiàng)目中犯了更少的錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)“is”和“than”可知，此處應(yīng)該填形容詞的比較級(jí)形式，根據(jù)“Sohemakesfewermistakesinhisnewproject.”可知，他更仔細(xì)認(rèn)真了，應(yīng)用morecareful。故填morecareful。8.disabled【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該盡力幫助殘疾人，如盲人和聾人。根據(jù)“l(fā)iketheblindandthedeaf.”可知，盲人和聾人都是殘疾人，thedisabled表示“殘疾人”。故填disabled。9.difference【詳解】句意：這次經(jīng)歷真的對(duì)我的生活產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。makeadifferenceto“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”。故填difference。10.operating【詳解】句意：在實(shí)驗(yàn)室操作新機(jī)器時(shí)，你應(yīng)該聽從老師的指示。while后加動(dòng)名詞。故填operating。【完成句子答案】1.pollutionhasmadeagreat/bigdifferenceto【詳解】“污染”pollution，“對(duì)……有大的影響”，makeagreat/bigdifference。由sofar可知句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone，主語pollution是三單，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填pollutionhasmadeagreat/bigdifferenceto。2.wasoperatingonthepatient/wasdoinganoperationonthepatient【詳解】根據(jù)atthattime可知是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing；“為某人動(dòng)手術(shù)”operateonsb/doanoperationonsb；“那個(gè)病人”thepatient；主語是he，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填wasoperatingonthepatient/wasdoing