2024年人教版高一英語同步講義（必修第三冊）Unit 2 Morals and Virtues：Period 1 Reading and Thinking（學(xué)案）（原卷版）

Book3Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod1ReadingandThinking001預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)Ⅰ.單詞認(rèn)讀關(guān)(先填后記誦)基礎(chǔ)詞匯記其形___________adj.道德的；道義上的n.品行；道德；寓意_________n.高尚的道德；美德；優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)_________n.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困境_________vi.昏倒；暈厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的________vt.（舉例）說明；闡明；給（書或文章）加插圖_________adj.珍稀的；寶貴的_________vt.委托；交付_________n.結(jié)婚；婚姻_________n.大部分；大多數(shù)_________vi.&vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷_________n.(小組）教學(xué)；講課;_________

n.專業(yè)服務(wù)費；報酬n.租借；租用_________vt.回答;回復(fù)vi.做出反應(yīng);回應(yīng)_________n.反應(yīng);回答;回復(fù)________n.獎學(xué)金________vt.聘任;雇用;租用________n.同事；同債________v.拒絕接受；不錄用________vt.任命；委派________vt.選舉；推選________

n.十年；十年期________

vt.照顧；照料vi.傾向；趨于________

vt.發(fā)表（作品）；出版________

n.員工；全體職員________

vi.&vt.退休；退職；退出________

n.節(jié)省物；節(jié)??；節(jié)約；[pl.]儲蓄金；存款________

n.道德原則；法則；原則________

adj.被動的；順從的________vt.驚嚇；使害怕vi.受驚嚇________

adj.（增長、下跌等）急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的________n.保險；保險業(yè)________adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的________vt.接替；取代；更換二、核心詞匯記中變1. ____________________adj.道德的;道義上的.____________________adv道義上;道德上_____________________adj.不道德的:邪惡的2.__________________adj.珍稀的:寶貴的.___________________adv.過分講究地;昂貴地3.___________________v.(和某人)結(jié)婚:嫁:娶____________________adj.已婚的_____________________n.結(jié)婚:婚姻4.____________________adj.主要的:重要的;大的____________________.n.大部分;大多數(shù)5.______________________v.抱怨:埋怨:發(fā)牢騷________________n.不滿的原因;抱怨;埋怨6.____________________v..回答.回應(yīng)______________n.回答，答復(fù)7. _________________v.拒絕接受:不予考慮:拒收__________________n.拒絕;否決:拋棄8.___________________v.任命:委任:安排______n約會:約定;任命____________adj.被任命的9.__________________v.選舉:推選_____________________n.選舉.推選10.__________________adj.神經(jīng)緊張的:擔(dān)心的________________n.緊張11.______________v.出版:發(fā)行______________n.出版人:發(fā)行人___________________n出版:發(fā)行:發(fā)布12. _______________v.(使)退休________________adj.已退休的_____________n.退休13._________________v.使驚嚇:使害怕__________________adj.嚇人的___________________adj.害怕的14.__________________adj.鋒利的:銳利的____________________v.(使)變得鋒利15.________________adj,確信:肯定_______________v.投保:給.....保險_______________n.保險,保險業(yè)17. __________________n.進(jìn)口__________________v.出口三、閱讀詞匯識其義unionn.________physiciann.________colleaguen.________rejectionn.________clinicn.________farawayadj.________elsewhere

adv.________kindergarten

n.________insurancen.________Ⅱ.語塊記誦關(guān)(先填后記誦)1.__________________做出選擇2.________________面臨道德困境

3._________________因..陷入困境;惹上麻煩4.__________________參加...入學(xué)考試

5.___________________渴望/急于做某事6.___________________一直，始終，總是

7.___________________強烈不同意8.____________________夸大其語調(diào)

9.____________________聽到某人正在做某事10.___________________對..困惑11.____________________因..而著名12.______________________面臨;面對

13._____________________在某種情況下14.______________________跌倒;失敗;倒塌_______________________委托某人某事16.____________________幫助某人渡過難關(guān)

17.______________________大多數(shù)...18.______________________受..的影響

19.______________________走...的路20._______________________學(xué)費

21.____________________寧愿做某事22.______________________畢業(yè)于

23._____________________被聘為24._______________________住院醫(yī)生

25._____________________需要26.________________________有時;偶爾

27._____________________遙遠(yuǎn)的村莊28._________________________提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)

29._____________________中華人民共和國30.______________________發(fā)揮重要作用

31.___________________第一屆全國人民代表大會32.___________________在接下來的幾十年里

33.______________________擔(dān)任重要職務(wù)34.__________________易于做某事，往往會發(fā)生某事__________________對..有/表現(xiàn)出興趣36.__________________對..負(fù)責(zé)

37.__________________把某人當(dāng)...對待38._____________________被譽為，...著稱

39._____________________在她一生中40.______________________彌留之際

Ⅲ.佳句賞析關(guān)(先賞后譯)SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.002語篇理解Step1Pre-readingLookatthetitleandthepictures,predictwhatthepassageisabout.MOTHEROFTENTHOUSANDBABIESFromthetitleandthepictures,wecanknowthatthepassagemightbeabout___________________________.Step2While-readingTask1:Fastreading1.Whattypeofwritingisthispassage?A.Argumentativewriting（議論文）B.Narrativewriting（記敘文）C.Expositorywriting（說明文）D.biography（傳記）2.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.ByfollowingtimeorderB.BycomparingfactsC.Bylistingnumbers3.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThelifeexperienceofDrLinB.ThehardchoicesmadebyDrLinC.BothAandB4.Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A.SummaryofLinQiaozhi'slifeandachievement.Para.2B.TheroleLinplayedinnewChinaPara.3C.Linopenedaprivateclinictohelpthepeople.Para.4D.LinQiaozhi'slearningexperience.Para.5E.LeadinthepassageusingLinQiaozhi'swords.Para.6F.Linchosetostudymedicine.Task2:IntensivereadingPleasereadthepassageagainanddrawatimelineaboutLinQiaozhi’slife.TimeImportanteventsIn1901In1906Atage18Atage26WithinsixmonthsAfterafewyearsIn1939In1941AfewmonthslaterFrom1954to1983On22April1983DuringherlifetimeTimeImportanteventsIn1901In1906Atage18Atage26WithinsixmonthsAfterafewyearsIn1939In1941AfewmonthslaterFrom1954to1983On22April1983DuringherlifetimeLearningaboutLin’shardchoicesChoosetherightanswersfromAtoLtofillintheform.ChoicesDifficultiesResultsA.HoldingimportantpositionsB.TostudymedicineC.TofocusmoreonworkD.MarryingE.ToopenaclinicF.WorkingintheUSG.FacingthedangeroflosinglifeorgettinghurtH.LivingahardlifeinChinaI.BeingobjectedbyherbrotherContinuedtoprovidemedicalcareforthepeopleinneedofhelpServedthewomenandchildrenathomeKnownas“themotheroftenthousandbabies”3.WhatgoodqualitiesdidDrLinhave?Findevidenceinthetext.____________________________________________________________________________________________Step3Post-readingDiscussthequestionsingroups.WhatcanwelearnfromLinQiaozhi?____________________________________________________________________________________________2.Discussthequestionandwritearecommendation.IfLinQiaozhilivedinourtime,inyourheart,couldshegetthe“TouchingChina”award?Ifyes,canyouwritesomethingtorecommendLinQiaozhi?Ifnot,pleasegiveyourreasons.____________________________________________________________________________________________Step5.HomeworkReviewwhatyouhavelearnedtodayandretellthelifeofDr.Lin.003語言學(xué)習(xí)Part1核心詞匯1.moraladj.&n.(1)adj.道德的；道義上的It’smoraltodosth做……是合乎道德的amoralperson有道德的人moralstandards道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)◆Confuciusfelthappywiththis,becauseitismoraltotakepossessionofthingslikethis.孔子為此感到很高興，因為這種獲取是合乎道德的。(2)n.品行；道德；寓意themoralof……的道德教訓(xùn)，寓意◆Themoralofthisstoryisthatonemustseethebeautyinwhatonehas.故事的寓意是一個人必須看到已有之物的美處?！就卣寡由臁縨orallyadv.道德上immoraladj.不道德的【學(xué)以致用】①Themoral________thestoryisthat“solidarityisstrength”.②Itisnotmoral__________(do)so.③Hefelt(moral)responsiblefortheaccident.2.dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困境beinadilemma處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地faceadilemma面臨進(jìn)退兩難的困境getoutofadilemma擺脫兩難的處境moraldilemma道德困境◆IamgratefulthatyouhelpmegetoutofthedilemmaIwasin.非常感激你幫我擺脫了困境?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Manymoms（面臨兩難的處境）aboutwhethertheyshouldgobacktoworkornot.②Thedoctor（感到進(jìn)退兩難）whetherheshouldtelltheparentsthetruth.3.illustratevt.（舉例）說明;闡明;給（書或文章）加插圖.illustratesthwithsth用...來講解illustratewhatImean解釋我的意思【詞匯拓展】（1）illustrationn.圖解（2）illustratorn.插圖畫家（3）illustrativeadj.解釋性的【學(xué)以致用】=1\*GB3①WhatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratetheexampleinParagraph2?4.carrysb.throughsth.幫助某人渡過難關(guān)carrysth.through成功完成，順利實現(xiàn)carryout實施；履行；執(zhí)行carryon繼續(xù)移動carryonsth.從事某事carryondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事carryonwithsth.（carrysth.on）繼續(xù)做某事carryaway運走carryoff贏得；獲得；成功對付carrysb.back(tosth.)使某人回想起了(某事)carryweight有影響力；重要；有分量 carryforward 繼承,弘揚◆Hecarriedallhishomeworkthroughintenminutes.他在十分鐘內(nèi)完成了所有家庭作業(yè)?！鬢hynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?為什么不像林巧稚一樣在醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)并繼續(xù)她的美好事業(yè)呢？◆Janecarriedoffalltheprizes,whichmadeherparentsproud.簡贏得了全部獎品，這使她的父母非常自豪?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Hisdeterminationcarriedhimthehardtime.=2\*GB3②I’dbegratefulifyouletmecarryonmyjob.=3\*GB3③Ifyoucarryon（spend）moneylikethat，youwillendupindebt.=4\*GB3④Inspiteofthedifficulty,Iwillcarrymyplan.=5\*GB3⑤Theactivityisaimedatcarrying________theChinesetraditionalculture.5.majorityn.大部分；大多數(shù)themajorityof...大多數(shù)……(be)ina/themajority占大多數(shù)◆WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Ialwaysrespecttheopinionofthemajority.當(dāng)我有不同觀點時,我總是尊重多數(shù)人的觀點?！鬞hemajorityofthestudentsholdtheviewthatit’sconvenienttogotoschoolbyelectricbike.大多數(shù)學(xué)生持有以下觀點:騎電動車上學(xué)很方便?！鬙nlyaminorityofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingsubwaytoworkareinthemajority.在那個城市只有少數(shù)人沒有汽車，但是乘坐地鐵上班的人卻占了大多數(shù)?！倦y點解析】themajority單獨作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可?！皌hemajorityof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)?！皌hemajorityof+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)?！驹~匯拓展】majoradj.主要的，重要的，大的n.主修課程，專業(yè)；主修某科目的學(xué)生vi.主修majorin主修anEnglishmajor英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生playamajorrole/partinsth.在某事中起重要作用minoradj.次要的minorityn.少數(shù)【學(xué)以致用】①The（major）ofthecitizensinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbythedust.=2\*GB3②Itisreportedthatwomen.inonlineshopping.據(jù)報道女性在網(wǎng)購中占多數(shù)。=3\*GB3③Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers（be）againstit.=4\*GB3④TomandIhavesomethingincommon：webothmajor.engineering.6.complainvi.&vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷complainabout...抱怨……complain（tosb.）that...（向某人）抱怨……complaintosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事◆Septemberisaroundthecorner,andsomeofusarealreadycomplainingaboutsummer’send.九月即將來臨,我們中的一些人已經(jīng)在抱怨夏季的結(jié)束了?！就卣寡由臁縞omplaintn.抱怨makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事afloodofcomplaints大量的投訴◆Ihavetomakeacomplaintaboutthepoorqualityoffoodandserviceinyourrestaurant.我要投訴你們餐館里極差的食物和服務(wù)?！倦y點解析】?complain的后面不能直接跟sb.作賓語，須先加介詞to。類似的詞還有explain，announce等?！緦W(xué)以致用】=1\*GB3①Mothersoftencomplaintheirchildren.wrestlingonthebed.=2\*GB3②Whydon’tyoumakea(complain）againstyournoisyneighbors?=3\*GB3③Weshouldthinkhowtodealwiththeproblemsinsteadof.（抱怨別人的錯誤）.7.respond（1）vt.回答；回復(fù)（2）vi.做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)respondto...（withsth.）回答，回復(fù)；對……作出反應(yīng)respondthat...回答說……◆Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall.＝Shemadearesponsetomyletterwithaphonecall.她收到我的信，給我回了個電話?！鬞heproductwasdevelopedinresponsetocustomers’demand.這種產(chǎn)品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的?！就卣寡由臁縭esponsen.反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)inresponseto作為對……的答復(fù)/反應(yīng)makearesponse（to）（對……）做出回應(yīng)/反應(yīng)【難點解析】?respond是不及物動詞，跟賓語時要加介詞to?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Afterall,knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyemergencies.=2\*GB3②Hemadeno（respond）tomyquestion，andwentonwithhismovie.=3\*GB3③Noteveryoneactsthesameevents.8.rejectvt.拒絕接受；不錄用；冷落rejectone’sidea/suggestion拒絕接受某人的想法/建議◆HerejectedtheideaofsettlinginEngland.他拋棄了在英國定居的想法。◆Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasrejectedbecauseofpoorhealth.他想?yún)④?，但因身體欠佳未被接受?！鬒fpeopleareunkindtohim，hewillfeelrejectd.如果人們對他不友好，他會感到被拋棄了?！就卣寡由臁縭ejectionn.拒絕接受；否決【詞匯辨析】（1）rejectvt.正式用詞，“摒棄，不采用，不使用”。（2）refusevi.&vt.普通用詞，“拒絕”。refusesb.sth.拒絕某人某事refusetodosth.拒絕做某事【學(xué)以致用】①He（reject）bythearmybecauseofhispooreyesightlastyear.=2\*GB3②Althoughwritinga（reject）lettercanbedifficult,therearesituationswhereit’sabsolutelynecessary.辨析填空（reject/refuse）=3\*GB3③I’vebeenbyallthecompaniesIappliedto.=4\*GB3④Iabsolutelytotakepartinanythingthat’sillegal.9.appointvt.任命；委派appointsb.tobe...任命某人擔(dān)任……appointsb.as...任命某人擔(dān)任……appointatime約定……的時間）◆Ihavedecidedtoappointyouas/tobevicemanagerofthecompany.我已經(jīng)決定任命你為公司副經(jīng)理?！鬞hedirectorappointedhimtolookintothosecomplaints.主任委派他去調(diào)查那些投訴?！就卣寡由臁縜ppointedadj.約定的，指定的attheappointedtime在約定的時間（2）appointmentn.任命；約定makeanappointmentwithsb.與某人約會break/keepanappointment爽約/守約byappointment按照約定anappointmentletter任命書【學(xué)以致用】①Tohisjoy,he（appoint）asmanager.Afterall,thisrepresentedhisability.Andthemomenthereceivedthe_____________（appoint）letter,hecalledandmadean.（appoint）withhisformerteacher，forwhosehelphewasgrateful.=2\*GB3②Theagriculturalexpertcanonlybevisitedappointment.=3\*GB3③在任何情況下我們都不能失約。Innocaseshouldwefailto.10.electvt.（1）選舉；推選（2）選擇，決定做某事electsb.（as）...選舉某人為……electtodosth.決定做某事thenewlyelectedpresident新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)◆Congratulations!Iheardyouhavebeenelectedaschairman.【拓展延伸】electionn.選舉；推選；當(dāng)選winanelection在選舉中獲勝aroundofelection一輪選舉holdanelection舉行選舉electionresults選舉結(jié)果◆Facedwiththeirfailureinthefirstroundoftheelectionthepartydidn’tloseheart.【學(xué)以致用】①Anincreasingnumberofpeopleelect（work）athome.②Theyear1789sawthefirst（elect）inAmericanhistorywhereamajorityofpeople（elect）GeorgeWashington.thefirstpresident.11.tendvt.照顧；照料vi.傾向；趨于tend（to）sb./sth.照料/護(hù)理某人/照管某事物tendtodosth.易于做某事，往往會發(fā)生某事tendto/towards傾向于，趨于◆Somepeopletendtolookdownupondisabledpeople.(2019·天津高考)有些人往往瞧不起殘疾人?！鬞hesortofmusicIlistentovaries,butItendto/towardsourfolkmusic.我所聽的音樂形形色色，但是我更傾向于我們的民族音樂?！鬑eisabsentfromthemeeting,forheistending(to)hissickfather.他缺席會議了，因為他在照顧生病的父親?！就卣寡由臁縯endencyn.趨勢；傾向haveatendencytodosth.做某事的傾向Thereisatendencytowards/to(do)sth.有一種...的趨勢/傾向◆AsaSenior3student,itisnormalthatyouhaveatendencytogetanxiouswithtimegoingby.作為一名高三學(xué)生,隨著時間的推移你往往會感到焦慮,這是正常的?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Typically,peopletend（make）mistakeswhentired.=2\*GB3②Thenursesweretendingthoseinjuredbyfirecrackers.=3\*GB3③Ihaveatendency（talk）toomuchwhennervous.=4\*GB3④People（往往需要）lesssleepastheygetolder.retirevi.&vt.退休；退職；退出retire...from從……退休retire...as從……職位上退休retirefromoffice退職retirefromservice退役◆Hehasagreedtostruggleon,thoughhehopestoretirefromhisposition.【拓展延伸】（1）retiredadj.退職的，退休的aretiredteacher一位退休教師（2）retirementn.退職，退休takeearlyretirement提前退休◆Heishopingtoretireearlyonhealthygrounds.他希望以健康理由提前退休?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Heretiredfromtheofficeachairman.=2\*GB3②Theywillholdapartyincelebrationofher（retire）.=3\*GB3③Theotherdaya（retire）couplecametomyoffice.=4\*GB3④Myfather（從……退休）teaching3yearsago.13.principlen.道德原則；法則；原則sticktoone’sprinciples堅持原則beagainstone’sprinciples違背某人的原則asamatterofprinciple作為原則問題inprinciple原則上；大體上withoutprinciple沒有原則◆Anyway,Ican’tcheatintheexams—it’sagainstmyprinciples.【學(xué)以致用】①（原則上）,thenewsoftwareshouldmaketheaccountingsystemalotsimpler.=2\*GB3②Thoughpoor,hestill.（堅持他的原則）.14.scaredadj.害怕的；對……感到驚慌或恐懼的bescaredofdoingsth.害怕做某事bescaredofsth.害怕某物bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事bescaredthat...害怕……bescaredtodeath 嚇得要死◆Sheisscaredofwalkingaloneatnight.她害怕晚上一個人走路?！鬞heymanagedtoscarethebearsaway.他們設(shè)法把熊嚇跑了?！鬝hewasscaredtogointotheyardbecauseshewasscaredofbeingbittenbythebigdoglyingatthegate.【拓展延伸】（1）scaren.驚嚇vt.驚嚇；使害怕vi.受驚嚇I(yè)tscaressb.todosth.做某事使某人感到害怕。scare...away/off嚇走/嚇跑……scaresb.intodoingsth.威脅/恐嚇某人做某事scaresb.todeath把某人嚇得要死（2）scaryadj.恐怖的，嚇人的ascarymovie恐怖電影【學(xué)以致用】①There’snothinginschoolthatcanmakeyou____________(scare).Cheeryourselfup.在學(xué)校里沒有什么能讓你害怕。鼓起勇氣吧。②Theatmospherewasandwefeltstayingintheroom.（scare）③Heisscared(tell)hisparentstheresult.15.sharp（1）adj.（增長、下跌等）急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的；鮮明的；敏銳的；（語言）尖刻的；劇烈的；急轉(zhuǎn)的（2）adv.（用于時間后表示準(zhǔn)時）整sharp-eyed目光敏銳的asharptongue說話刻薄asharpsenseofhumour很強的幽默感asharpincrease急劇增加besharpwith對……說話刻薄/嚴(yán)厲asharpbend/turn急轉(zhuǎn)彎◆Thebosscanbeverysharpwithpeoplewhenhe’sbusy.老板忙起來會對人很嚴(yán)厲?！鬞herehasbeenasharpincreaseinthepriceofstainlesssteelrecently.近來，不銹鋼價格急劇上漲?！就卣寡由臁浚?）sharplyadv.急劇地，大幅度地；嚴(yán)厲地，毫不客氣地fallsharply急劇下降（2）sharpenvt.（使）變得鋒利【學(xué)以致用】寫出下列句中sharp的含義=1\*GB3①Unfortunately,Icutmyfootonasharpstoneandcaughtmyhaironabranch...=2\*GB3②Asweallknow,aneaglehassharpeyesight...=3\*GB3③Suddenly,hefeltasharppaininthestomach...=4\*GB3④Hefaintedwhenridingtowork.Thebikemadeasharpturntotheleft...=5\*GB3⑤Hewassharphiscolleagueswhentheywerelate.=6\*GB3⑥Thepriceofpetrolhasrisen（sharp）sincelastmonth.=7\*GB3⑦Thepencildoesn’twritewell；Ishould（sharp）itbeforeIdrawthegreatfigure.16.energeticadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的beenergeticindoing積極地做◆Heisenergeticinallkindsofafter-classactivities.他積極參加各種課外活動?！就卣寡由臁縠nergyn.活力，精力；能源，能量befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事apply/devoteone’senergiesto...把某人的精力花……上【學(xué)以致用】=1\*GB3①heteenagershavemanyvirtues,whoarelivelyand.（energy）.=2\*GB3②Heworkssohardthathedoesn’thavetheenergy（exercise）.=3\*GB3③Youarealways（精力充沛的）.Canyoutellmethesecret?

17.replacevt.接替；取代；更換replaceAwithB用B代替Areplacesth.

＝taketheplaceofsth.

代替……◆Ireplacedthecupcarefullyinthesaucer.我小心翼翼地將杯子放回茶碟?！鬞hesenewfacilitieswilltaketheplaceoftheoldones.這些新設(shè)備將代替那些舊的。◆Iwillnolongeruseone-offthingsandreplaceplasticbagswithpaperbags.我將不會再使用一次性物品,并且用紙袋替換塑料袋?！就卣寡由臁縭eplacementn.替換；更換；接替者areplacementfor……的替代品/替補【詞匯辨析】“代替”的表達(dá)法：replace，inplaceof，taketheplaceof，inone’splace，takeone’splace，insteadof【學(xué)以致用】=1\*GB3①Hereplacedthepuddingmashedpotatoes.=2\*GB3②Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshould.（replace）withamodernhotelornot.=3\*GB3③Ifyourpassportisstolen,youshouldapplyfora.（replace）immediately.beeagertodosth.渴望做某事【典型例句】Allthestudentsinherclassareeagertolearn.她班上的學(xué)生都渴望學(xué)習(xí)。Ourcompanyiseagertoexpandintonewmarkets.我們公司急欲開辟新的市場?！舅季S拓展】beeagerforsth.渴求某事物beeagerin熱衷于eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地；熱心地lookatsb.eagerly急切地看著某人(3)eagernessn．渴望；熱心witheagerness急切地單句語法填空①Facedwiththegoodchance,theyareeager__________(take)advantageofit.②Theywerecrowdedinthechurch,eager_______anynews.③Sheiseager___________(dress)upfortheceremony.④His_____________(eager)tofindajobiscleartoeveryone.⑤Thechildren___________(eager)learnsomethingnewfromtheteachereveryday.⑥Thelittlegirl,whoishelpedbytheProjectHope,iseager_______knowledgeandeager__________(make)progress,sosheiseager______herstudyandisalwayspraisedbyherteachers.befacedwith面臨；面對

【典型例句】Wearefacedwithaseriousproblem.我們面臨著一個嚴(yán)重的問題。Shewasfacedwithanewjob,inunfamiliarsurroundingswithstrangepeople.她面對著一份全新工作，周圍是陌生的環(huán)境和陌生的人?！舅季S拓展】inthefaceofsth.面對(問題、困難等)facetoface面對面地loseface丟臉，失面子saveface保全面子makefaces/aface做鬼臉facethemusic勇于承擔(dān)后果；接受懲罰facethesea面朝大海facenorth/east朝北/朝東lookintheface正視(某人)Let’sfaceit!面對現(xiàn)實吧！【誤區(qū)警示】befacedwith不表示被動意義，僅表示主語的一種狀態(tài)。作狀語、定語或補語時，要用過去分詞短語facedwith?，F(xiàn)在分詞facing作狀語時，表示“面對，面臨”，其后直接跟賓語，不與介詞with連用。單句語法填空①Tohisjoy,theproblemhewasfaced_______wasnotsochallenging.②_________(face)withthesepressures,youcanwatchacomedytorelax.③__________(face)arangeofchoices,hewasataloss.④Theydidn’tgiveup______thefaceofdifficulties.⑤EversincethenI’vebeenlongingtomeethimface______face.單句寫作⑥Talkingwithfriends______________(面對面地)isagoodwaytoreducethepressurefromworkandlife.⑦When_____________(面對)theunexpectedaccident,hekeptcalmandsavedhissonfromtheburningbuilding.⑧Dressedupinhisbestclothes,theboy______________________(做鬼臉)atthecustomers.一句多譯⑨面對這一重大變化，大家都深受鼓舞。______________________________thesignificantchange,everyonefeltgreatlyencouraged.insteadof而不是；代替【典型例句】NowIcanwalktoworkinsteadofgoingbycar.現(xiàn)在我可以步行去上班，而不必開車了。Ifyoucannotgo,he’llgoinsteadofyou.如果你不能去，他將替你去?！疽谆毂嫖觥縤nstead，insteadofinstead為副詞，意為“(不是……)而是/反而……”，可單獨使用，置于句首或句末；insteadof意為“代替；而不是”，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞、介詞短語等。Insteadofgoingtothecinema,hewentshopping.他沒有去看電影，而是去買東西了。Sheneverstudies.Instead,sheplaysallday.她從來不學(xué)習(xí)。相反，她成天玩。單句語法填空①I’llattendthemeetinginstead______him.②Heworriedthatinstead______makingmoney,hewouldendupowningit.inneedof需要……【典型例句】Ifeltlonelyandwasinneedofsomeoneforcompanionship.我覺得孤獨，需要有人做伴。Manyofthebuildingsareinneedofrepair.許多建筑需要整修?！舅季S拓展】inneed缺(食物或錢)；在危難中；急需There'snoneed(forsb.)todosth.(某人)不必做某事meet/answer/satisfy/fillaneed滿足需要單句語法填空①Theministersaidthattheirchurchwasbadly______needofrepairs.完成句子②______________________________ifyoudon’twantto.如果你不想來，就不必來了。③Afriend__________isafriendindeed.患難之交才是真正的朋友。④ThedoctortoldmeIwas____________agoodrest.醫(yī)生對我說，我需要好好休息。carefor照看；照料；喜歡【典型例句】Shemovedbackhometocareforherelderlyparents.她搬回家住，好照料年邁的雙親。Idon’tcareforheratall.我一點也不喜歡她?！舅季S拓展】(1)careabout關(guān)心；在乎(2)takecare小心；注意(3)takecareof照顧；照料單句語法填空①Hecares_______playingchess.②Mydearfather，youbroughtmeintothisworld,cared_______meandlovedme.③Youshouldn’tcaretoomuch_________yourtestscore.beresponsiblefor對……負(fù)責(zé)；作為原因，成為起因【典型例句】Mikeisresponsiblefordesigningtheentireproject.邁克負(fù)責(zé)設(shè)計全部工程。Cigarettesmokingisresponsibleforabout90%ofdeathsfromlungcancer.因患肺癌而死亡的人，大約90%是吸煙所致?！舅季S拓展】responsibilityn.責(zé)任;負(fù)責(zé)astrongsenseofresponsibility很強的責(zé)任感haveresponsibilityfor負(fù)責(zé)takeresponsibilityfor對……負(fù)責(zé)It'ssb'sresponsibilitytodosth.干某事是某人的職責(zé)。單句語法填空①Whoisresponsible_______thetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterday?②Humanactivityisnotresponsible_______allwatershortages.完成句子③Weneedto_________________________lookingafterourownhealth.我們必須對自己的健康負(fù)責(zé)。④Eachmanager________________________justunder600properties.每位經(jīng)理負(fù)責(zé)近600處房產(chǎn)。Part2核心句型Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife...對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更珍貴了……句式分析：這是一個簡單句，主語是nothing，is是系動詞，precious是表語。“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級意義該結(jié)構(gòu)的具體用法如下：①構(gòu)成：否定詞＋形容詞或副詞的比較級，有時其后加than②常用的否定詞：nothing，no，not，never，nobody③含義：沒有比……更……，再……不過了—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmlastnight?—你覺得昨晚的電影怎么樣？—Itcouldn’tbeworse.—沒有比它更糟糕的了。Nothingismorepreciousthantime.沒有什么比時間更寶貴。Inmyopinion,noexperienceismorevaluablethantheexperiencegainedfromone’sownsweat.在我看來，沒有什么經(jīng)驗比自己通過艱苦努力得來的經(jīng)驗更寶貴?！舅季S拓展】

比較級形式表達(dá)最高級含義的其他結(jié)構(gòu)：比較級＋than＋alltheothers(alltheother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))都……(比其他……)他比他們班上其他任何同學(xué)都要高。Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.Heistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.Heistallerthanalltheotherstudentsinhisclass.Nooneinhisclassistallerthanhim.【誤區(qū)警示】上面的other，others，else是學(xué)習(xí)中很容易忽略的地方，稍不注意就容易出錯。有一個原則是必須遵守的，即同一范圍內(nèi)的比較，比較的對象不能相互包含，需要排除主語本身。Heisclevererthananyotherstudentinhisclass.他比他班里任何別的學(xué)生都聰明。(如果沒有other，句子就錯了，因為“他”也是班里學(xué)生中的一員)單句語法填空①—Howisyournewbabysitter?—Wecouldn’tfinda__________(good)one.Allourkidslovehersomuch.②—HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I’veneverhada________________(pleasant)onebefore.③Asweknow,Tokyois__________(large)thananyother________(city)inJapan.翻譯句子 ④(2020·廣東深圳期中)Hownicethemusicsounds!Ihaveneverheardabetterpiece.____________________________________________⑤NothinggivesmemorepleasurethanlisteningtoMozart.____________________________________________句型轉(zhuǎn)換Heisthemosthelpfulstudentinhisclass.⑥Youcan’tfind________________studentinhisclass.⑦Heismorehelpfulthan____________studentinhisclass.⑧Heismorehelpfulthan_______________studentsinhisclass.Sheresponded，“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife！”她回答說：“我寧愿保持單身，終生學(xué)習(xí)！”句式分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句是Sheresponded，后面的直接引語充當(dāng)賓語從句。wouldrather意為“寧愿；寧可；還是……為好”。IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.

Iwouldratherbeinprison!我說了我一分鐘也忍受不了了，我寧愿待在監(jiān)獄里！【思維拓展】wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿做……而不愿做……＝woulddo...ratherthando...prefertodo...ratherthando...wouldrather(not)do/havedone...寧愿(不)做……wouldrather＋從句I'drathernotgoclimbingthisweekend.

Also,I'dratheryoustayedhomeandreadnovelswithme.這周末我不愿意去爬山。而且，我想讓你和我一起待在家中看小說。【誤區(qū)警示】wouldrather后接從句時，若表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r相反，從句用一般過去時；若表示與過去情況相反，從句用過去完成時?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Shewouldrather________(move)toanothercityimmediately.②Janewouldrather____________(be)morecarefulatthattime.③I’dratheryou_______(meet)herattheairporttomorrowmorning.④Hecomplainedthathe’dratherhe___________(be)morestrictwithusthen.⑤Tomwouldratherliveanindependentlife________relyonhisparents.單句寫作⑥Iwouldwalkthedogaftersupper______________(而不是)athome.⑦_(dá)_____________(而不是)takeabustoschool,Iprefertogoonfoot.句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑧I’dratherhaveatrythanwaitdoingnothing.

→I_________haveatryratherthanwaitdoingnothing.⑨Iwouldratherhavehiredhimasmysecretarylastyear.

→IwouldratherI____________himasmysecretarylastyear.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她立即成為第一個被聘為PUMC醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科住院醫(yī)師的女性。句式分析：這是一個簡單句。主語是She，became是系動詞，thefirstwoman是表語，不定式tobehired作后置定語，修飾woman。LiMingisoftenthefirststudenttoarriveatschoolinthemorning.李明經(jīng)常是早晨第一個到校的學(xué)生。不定式(短語)作后置定語的情況：①被修飾詞為序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時；②不定代詞something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定語；③抽象名詞time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opport