版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
Disordersofvascularflow
Hyperemia(充血)
Hemorrhage
(出血)
Thrombosis
(血栓形成)
Embolism
(栓塞)
infarction
(梗死)Localincreasedvolumeofbloodinanaffectedtissueororgan.Arterial~(active~)hyperemia
(充血)Venous~(passive~)congestion
(淤血)Hyperemia(充血)ArterialhyperemiaActiveprocessresultingfromaugmentedbloodflowduetoarteriolardilation.Types:
1.
Physiological:muscleexercise2.Inflammatory:3.decompressing:Morphology:redderhottermildturgidcongestionPassiveprocessresultingfromblock(obstruction)ofvenousdrainage(outflow).Causes:
1.
Compressionofveins2.Obstructionofvenouslumen:thrombi3.HeartfailureMorphologyMicro:
engorgementofcapillariesandvenules,minutehemorrhage.Cutsurface:excessivelybloody
Bodysurface:cyanosis(nail,lip)lowertemperatureGross:
swollenheavierblue-red
hyperemiasequels1.Congestiveadema2.Congestivehemorrhage3.Parenchymadegenerationornecrosis4.CongestivesclerosisCongestionofimportantorganslungliverPulmonarycongestion
1.leftheartfailure
2.acute~:congestionofalveolarcap.minutehemorrhage,edema,heartfailurecells
3.Chronic~:fibrosisandhemosiderindeposition,pulmonaryhypertension.edemaHeartfailurecellSymptoms:
dyspenea(呼吸困難)
hypoxia(缺氧)
Cyanosis(紫紺)
Bloodyortingedrustysputum(鐵銹痰)Congestionofliverrightheartfailure
Morphology:1.central(red-bluecolorgrossly):Dilatationofcentralveinsandbloodsinusoids,Minutehemorrhage,atrophyandnecrosisoflocallivercells2.peripheral(yellow-brown)Slightcongestion,fattydegenerationoflivercells,Nutmegliver3.HeartcirrhosisNetmegliverHemorrhage(出血)Extravasationofbloodduetoruptureofbloodvessel.hematomapetechiaechymosis血腫淤點(diǎn)淤斑
RupturingHemorrhage(破裂性出血)
TransudatoryHemorrhage
(漏出性出血)出血灶破裂性出血小腿皮下出血
thrombsis(血栓形成)Theprocessofformationofasolidmassfromconstituentsofthebloodwithinvesselsortheheartinalivingbody.thrombus血栓PredisposingfactorsofthrombosisthrombosisEndothelialinjuryAbnormalbloodflowhypercoagulabilityVascularandcardiacendothelialinjuryphlebitisRheumaticendocarditisBacterialendocarditisAtheroscleroticplaqueCardiacinfarction
exposureofsubendothelialcollagensandPLaggregationInitiates
thrombosis1
SlowingandturbulenceofbloodflowLeftatriaofmiral
stenosisofrheumaticendocarditisAneurysm(動脈瘤)PatientsprolongedbedrestBringPLintocontactwithendotheliumCausesmildinjutyofendotheliumandcollagenexposurePreventsdilutionandclearanceofbloodclottingfactorsinloction2
HypercoagulabilityofbloodpostpartumpastoperationPost-traumaAtherosclerosisDICIncreaseinamountofandviscosityofplateletsandbloodclottingfactors3Processofthrombosis
Typesofthrombi
Pale
thrombusMixedthrombusRedthrombus
microthrombuspalethrombus1.formdunderhighspeedofbloodflowinarteriesorheart.2.composedofPL.trabecula,lessfibrinnetworkandwhite,redcellstrapped.3.gross:dry,friable,graypolyp-likemass.4.tightlyattachedtotheendotheliuminjured.Palethrombusmixedthrombus1.formdunderslower-movingbloodinA,Vorheart.2.Head
tailPL.trabecula+fibrinnetwork+WBC+RBC.
body3.Gross:graylayers+redlayersMixedthrombusredthrombus1.Closelyresemblestobloodclot:RBC+fibrinnetwork.2.Tailpartofmixedthrombus.3.Thrombiinsystemicveins,portalveins,heartandaorta.microthrombus1.seenundermicroscopy2.Occureinmicrocirculation3.mainlycomposedoffibrin透明血栓ThefateofthrombiSoftening,dissolvingOrganization:replacedbygranulationtissueCalcification:phlebolith
(靜脈石)
機(jī)化organization
再通recanalizationRecanalization(再通)Theeffectsofthrombi
tothebody
1.occlusionofvessels
2.thrombi-embolism3.distortedcardiacvalves
4.DIC
embolism(栓塞)Theprocessofadetachedintravascularsolid,liquid,gaseousmassthatiscarriedbythebloodtoasitedistantfromitspointoforigin.embolus栓子99%:thrombus1%:air,amnioticfluid,fat,tumorTypesofembolismThromboembolism
(血栓栓塞)Gasembolism
(氣體栓塞)Amnioticfluidembolism(羊水栓塞)Fatembolism
(脂肪栓塞)Other:tumor,bacteria……1.Thromboembolism
PulmonarythromboembolismSystemicthromboembolismPulmonarythromboembolismThromboembolioriginatefromdeeplegveins.Smallemboli:clinicallysilent.Leftfailure+lungcongestion+emboliinfarction3)largeormoreemboli:suddendeath,rightfailure.肺動脈內(nèi)血栓肺動脈內(nèi)血栓左心(SBE)房缺、室缺右心、V下肢、腦、腎脾梗死Systemicthromboembolism2.gasembolism
Airembolismdecompressionsickness3.Amnioticfluidembolism
Infusionofamnioticfluidintothematernalcirculationviaatearintheplacentalmembranesandruptureofuterineveins.角化上皮4.Fatembolism
Afterfracturesoflongbones.Inthesettingofsofttissuetraumaandbums.肺血管內(nèi)的脂肪(蘇丹Ⅲ染色紅色)5.Otherembolism
1)tumor2)parasitism3)becteria
infactionTissuenecrosisresultingfromextremereductionorlossofbloodsupply(vascularocclusion).ischemia缺血ThrombosisEmbolismofarteriesCompressionandobliterationArterialspasmcauses
Factorsthatinfluencedevelopmentofaninfaction1.natureofthevascularsupply2.rateofdevelopmentofocclusion3.vulnerabilitytohypoxia4.oxygencontentofbloodMorphologyTypesofnecrosis:
Coagulative~:Solidorgan,heart,kidney,spleen,lungsandintestine
Liquefective~:cerebralmalaciashapes:
1.dependonvasculardistributionoftheorgan.2.Kidneys,lung,spleen:pyramidshaped3.Heart,brain:irregular,mapshaped梗死區(qū)TypesofinfarctionIschemic(white)infarctHemorrhagi
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 考研數(shù)學(xué)二分類模擬228
- 藥物化學(xué)智慧樹知到答案2024年臺州學(xué)院
- 2024年中國HBM行業(yè)市場動態(tài)分析、發(fā)展方向及投資前景分析報告
- 鵬鼎控股-市場前景及投資研究報告:PCB龍頭發(fā)展高階產(chǎn)品受益AI發(fā)展浪潮
- 數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)及應(yīng)用 課件 第6章 關(guān)系模式的規(guī)范化
- 國標(biāo)本蘇教版第五冊數(shù)學(xué)第十單元教案
- 三年級語文上冊教案
- 2024屆陜西省寶雞市隴縣重點(diǎn)名校中考聯(lián)考英語試卷含答案
- 2024年廂式貨車相關(guān)行業(yè)營銷方案
- 2024年風(fēng)電場集中和遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)相關(guān)行業(yè)營銷方案
- 圩區(qū)水利信息化工程質(zhì)量評定規(guī)程
- 軟件著作權(quán)課件培訓(xùn)
- 《我家漂亮的尺子》課件-定稿
- 退役軍人保障法細(xì)則
- 供應(yīng)商管理與風(fēng)險評估
- 《病理學(xué)》課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
- 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)能力的教學(xué)方法
- 護(hù)患糾紛的防范課件
- 文明有我心真誠創(chuàng)和諧
- 種植薔薇的活動方案
- 《第八課 換一個角度試一試》參考課件
評論
0/150
提交評論