2024年人教版高一英語同步講義（必修第一冊）Unit 4 Natural Disasters：Period 4 Reading for Writing【配套課件】

必修Book1

Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod4ReadingforWriting1．________/kr??/vt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n._______________2．_________/swi?p/vt.&vi.(________，_____________)打掃；

清掃_______________消滅；徹底消除3．________/we?v/n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手4．_________/stra?k/vi.&vt.(__________，________/________)

侵襲；突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊crash撞車；碰撞sweepsweptwavestrikestruckstruckstrickenswept5．___________/d??l?v?(r)/vt.&vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表6．_____________/?s?m?ri/n．總結(jié)；概括；概要7．__________/??fekt/n．影響；結(jié)果；效果8．___________/le?θ/n．長；長度deliversummaryeffectlengthStep1

Pre--writing1．Whatisatsunami?Whatcausesit?Willitcausegreatdamagetohumans?______2．Whatisthewritingstyleofthistext?_________________略。Anewsreport.Step2

While--writingTask1：文本整體理解：關(guān)注布局謀篇What'sthenewsreportabout?Wherecanwelocatethemainidea?Thepassageismainlyabout_______________________________.Usually__________ofareportsuggeststhemainidea.themostpowerfultsunamiinAsiathetitleTask2：文本細節(jié)理解：選擇最佳答案(

)1．Whatcausedthetsunami?A．Ahurricane.

B．Atyphoon.C．Aflood. D．Anearthquake.(

)2．Whatwasthemagnitudeoftheearthquakethathappenedon27December,2004?A．7.0. B．9.0.C．7.5. D．6.0.D(

)3．Whywerefoodandsupplieshardtodeliver?A．Becausetherewasnotenoughfoodandsupplies.B．Becauserescueteamsdarednotgo. C．Becauseconditionsweredangerousandroadsweredestroyed.D．Becausegovernmentsdidn'torganiserescueteams.C

vi.&vt.(tohaveanaccident)碰撞，撞擊；n．(汽車、飛

機等)撞車(機)事故(1)Theyhadanarrowescapewhentheircarcrashed．

他們的汽車撞毀時，他們真是死里逃生。(2)Theplane______________amountainside,killingallaboard.

飛機墜毀在山腰，機上人員全部遇難。(3)Wecouldhearwaves____________(crash)againsttheshore.

我們能聽到海浪拍擊海岸的聲音。(4)Thevaselandedonthefloor_________acrash.

花瓶砰的一聲掉在地板上。crashedintocrashingwithkillingmorethan6，500people…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。(1)Heisalwayslateforclass，________(make)histeacherangry.

他上學(xué)總是遲到，使老師很生氣。(2)Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground，__________(break)itintopieces.

她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。(3)Hehurriedtothetheatre,only_________(find)thattheticketshadbeensoldout.

他匆忙趕到劇院，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)票已經(jīng)賣完了。breakingtofind

n.(alineofraisedwaterthatmovesacrossthesurfaceofthesea,ocean,etc.)波浪，波濤；(amovementofyourarmandhandfromsidetoside)揮手v.波動；起伏；揮手(1)Sherefusedmysuggestionwithawaveofherhand.

她擺擺手拒絕了我的建議。(2)[新譯林必修第二冊]Iceboxesofsoftdrinksandbeerlinedthenarrowstreets,andthesmellofroastedmeatfilledtheairaswepassed__________________ofstreetstands.

當(dāng)我們經(jīng)過一波又一波街頭小攤時，裝著汽水和啤酒的冰箱排

列在狹窄的街道兩邊，空氣中彌漫著烤肉的味道。(3)Hegaveusawaveasthebusdroveoff.

＝Hewaved_______usasthebusdroveoff.

公共汽車開走時，他向我們揮了揮手。(4)Theycametothefrontdoor___________________．

他們來到前門揮手告別。waveafterwaveto/attowavegoodbye(1)vi.&vt.侵襲；突擊；(tohitsb./sth.hardorwithforce)擊打；

突然想到；敲，鳴，報時(2)n.罷工；罷課；襲擊(1)____________________IwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday.

我突然想起來第二天我在上海有一個重要的會議。(2)Thevisitors_____________(strike)bythebeautyofthetouristarea.

游客們被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。Itstruckmethatwerestruck(3)Theworkersdecidedto______________forhigherpay.

工人們決定為爭取更高的工資而罷工。(4)寫出下列句子中strike的含義

①TheclockstrucktwelvewhenIgothomelastnight.

________

②AterribleearthquakedidstrikethenortheastofJapanonMarch11._______

③AgoodideastruckmewhenIwasreadingthenewspaper.____________

④ThevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake.______________goonstrike(鐘)報時侵襲突然想到打動，迷住

vt.&vi.(totakegoods,letters,etc.tothepersonorpeopletheyhavebeensentto)遞送；傳達；vt.(togiveaspeech,talk,etc.)發(fā)表deliver后不接雙賓語，即不能說deliversb.sth.，只能說deliversth.tosb.。(1)Itwasveryconsiderateofyoutodelivermilk_______ourdooreverymorning.

你考慮得非常周到，每天早上把牛奶送到我們家門口。(2)Hanswasasked____________(deliver)aspeechatthegraduationceremonyatHarvardUniversity.

漢斯被邀請在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上發(fā)表演講。totodeliver(3)Iwonderwhyyourefused___________(deliver)myletterstomyhomelastweek.

我想知道上周你為什么拒絕把我的信送到我家。(4)Youcanpayforthecarpeton___________(＝whenitisdelivered).

地毯可以貨到付款。todeliverdelivery(1)[新譯林必修第一冊]Theyareincreasingtheireffortstoeducateteensaboutthe_____________oflosingweighttooquickly.

他們正在加大力度來教育青少年減肥過快的副作用。(2)Themeasurestakenbythelocalgovernmentwillcome_______effectnextmonth.

當(dāng)?shù)卣扇〉拇胧⒂谙聜€月生效。sideeffectsinto(3)Thereisnodoubtthatreadingbookscanhaveagoodeffect______thechildren.

不可否認(rèn)，讀書會對兒童有良好的影響。(4)Inmyopinion,gooutdoorstoplayteamgameswithyourfriends，whichisan____________(effect)waytogetridofanger.

在我看來，和你的朋友去戶外玩團隊游戲，這是一個擺脫憤怒

的有效方式。oneffective

該句中when為并列連詞，意為“就在這時、突然”，

相當(dāng)于andthen/justatthattime。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為sb.wasdoingsth.when…“某人正在做某事，這時……”。(1)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealwhenafamiliarvoicecametohisear.

他吃到一半的時候，一個熟悉的聲音傳到了他的耳朵里。(2)[新譯林必修第二冊]Achildandaman______________onthebeach_______thechildfoundashellandheldittohisear.

一個孩子和一個男子正在沙灘上散步，孩子突然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個

貝殼，并拿起放在耳邊。werewalkingwhen(3)We_______________(roll)alongmerrilywhensuddenlywehadabursttyre.

我們正乘車快樂地行進著，突然輪胎爆了。(4)He________________(not,go)farwhenheenteredaverynarrowpassagebetweentwomountains.

他沒走多遠就進入了兩山之間的一個狹窄通道。(5)Wewereabout_________(get)onthetrainwhentheexplosionoccurred.Fortunately,noonewasseriouslyinjured.

我們剛要上火車突然發(fā)生了爆炸。所幸的是，沒有人受重傷。wererollinghadnotgonetoget概要是一種對原始文獻或文章的基本內(nèi)容進行濃縮的語義連貫的短文。讀者在正確理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，在不改變原文中心思想、體裁和結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，用簡明、精練的語句高度濃縮文章的主要內(nèi)容和觀點，寫出一篇內(nèi)容概要。Nodetails——抓住主旨大意，省去細節(jié)信息。Noexamples——抓住主題要點，省去舉例說明。Norepetition——抓住文本主線，省去重復(fù)信息。Nocomments——抓住作者意圖，不加任何評論。Nocopying——抓住關(guān)鍵信息，巧妙同義轉(zhuǎn)換。1．要點齊全。要點全面是評分的重要方面，因此學(xué)生要訓(xùn)練

自己的語篇能力和閱讀能力，既把握文本的整體和部分，

又把握它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系。2．精煉簡潔。精煉指的是概括的內(nèi)容要高度濃縮。學(xué)生可以

利用概括的方法對文本內(nèi)容進行提煉，用刪略的方法去換

不重要或者不必要的細節(jié)。簡潔指的是所使用的語言簡

練。學(xué)生可以用抽象的、概括性的語言代替具體形象的語

言。3．靈活轉(zhuǎn)換。語言轉(zhuǎn)換就是用不同的詞或句式來表達與原有

內(nèi)容相同的意義?？梢酝ㄟ^同義、近義和反義變換來替換

需要被替換的詞匯；句子重構(gòu)可以改變原有句子中個別詞

和詞組在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)恼Z法成分或變換句式來實現(xiàn)。1．讀：細讀原文材料，準(zhǔn)確理解原文(1)理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度；(2)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；(3)理解主旨和要義。2．思：確定大綱框架，盤點要點信息發(fā)現(xiàn)問題：陳述是什么問題——是什么(what)?分析問題：原因1：……——為什么(why)?原因2：……原因3：……解決問題：陳述怎么來解決這個問題——怎么辦(how)?3．寫：關(guān)注內(nèi)在邏輯，整合修改成文。簡而言之，概要(summarywriting)的寫作步驟可以概括為：Findingtopicsentence(s)(找主題句)＋Paraphrase(變式表達：主動句變被動句、同義詞替換、概括性詞匯代替具體數(shù)字等)＋Addinglinkingwords(增加銜接詞)微技能1高度概括ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervacation.概括為—Shebroughthomealotofbooksandnewspaperstoreadduringthewintervacation.微技能2分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)Thoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.Trafficisthefirstandoftenmostseriousproblem.Duringtherushtime,allthestreetsarejammed.Airpollutioncomessecond.Factoriesandcarsareconstantlygivingoffharmfulgases.Iftheweatherisbad,youwillfindthewholecityovercastwithsmog.However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundinsomebigcitiesandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.本文講了三層意思：(1)Bigcitieshavetheirowndisadvantages.(2)Problems(traffic,airpollution,noiseandviolence)inbigcities.(3)Thesituationseemstobegettingworseyearbyyear.概括為—Bigcitiesofferpeoplemanyconveniences,butthe