+Unit+2++語(yǔ)法精講精練綜合講義 牛津譯林版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)

九上Unit2that、if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一、基本定義1.賓語(yǔ)；動(dòng)詞或介詞后面的名詞或代詞IwatchTV.名詞Tom’smotherlooksathimangrily.代詞2.賓語(yǔ)從句：在賓語(yǔ)的位置上放一個(gè)完整的句子Milliebelievesherbrother.Milliebelievesthatherbrotherwillbeateachersoon.→說(shuō)出2個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)。第一個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)是___________，第二個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)是_______________,其中_______________叫主句，_______________是從句。→說(shuō)出下面3個(gè)句子的主句和從句。A.Heknowsthatheisgoodatplayingfootball.B.Millieaskedif/whethertheyhadbeentotheUSA.C.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.總結(jié)：_______________是主句，剩下的由___________引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句。二、賓語(yǔ)從句的三要素（一）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）在主句和從句之間有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，從句構(gòu)成:“引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”。Ihopethatyourdreamswillcometrueoneday.主句↓從句連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，表示陳述一件事情。Petersays,“IamwatchingTV.”→Petersays（that）heiswatchingTV.2.that只起連接作用，不作句子成分，其本身也沒(méi)有意義，有時(shí)可以省略。如：Hetoldme(that)hecouldlookafterhimself．他告訴我他自己照顧自己。3.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是hope，know，believe,think等；也可用于主句形容詞之后，如：happy，sure，afraid，sorry等。如：Amythinksthatshecangototheparktomorrow．Amy認(rèn)為她明天能去公園。Iamhappythatyoucanwritealettertomeeveryweek.我很高興你能每周寫信給我。★that不能省略的情況：當(dāng)主句后有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句that不能省略Hesays(that)greenrepresentsnatureandthatitcanmakeyoufeelenergetic.【練習(xí)】TextbookP26if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.if或whether可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句。如：“AreyoufromChina?”sheaskedme.→Sheaskedmeif/whetherIwasfromChina.她問(wèn)我是不是來(lái)自中國(guó)。2.連詞if和whether在從句中不作成分，在從句中有意義，意為“是否”，口語(yǔ)中多用if如：Bobwondersif/whetherhiscousinwillplaywithhimnextSunday．Bob想知道他的堂弟下周日能否和他一起玩?！?.if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般可以互換，但下列情況只能用whether，不能用if：(1)當(dāng)與or

not連用時(shí)I

don'

t

know

whether

Tomisgoodatdrawingor

not.我不知道Tom是否擅長(zhǎng)畫畫。(2)與動(dòng)詞不定式todo連用時(shí)，They

haven'

t

decided

whether

to

leave.他們還沒(méi)有決定是否離開。(3)在介詞后常用

whether,Itdepends

on

whether

it

will

be

rainy.這取決于是不是雨天?！?.if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分是否賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)題意If如果條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)：主將從現(xiàn)我們不知道明天是否晴天。如果不是晴天，我們就不出去了。Wedon'

tknowifitwillbesunnythisSunday.Ifitisn’tsunny,wewon'

tgoout.↓↓↓是否如果主將從現(xiàn)【練習(xí)】1.—Iamnotsureyoueatfruitseveryday.—Iknowtheydogoodtomyhealth,soIeatthemeveryday.A.if;thatB.if;ifC.that;thatD.that;if2.----Idon'tknowtheyhavedonetheirhomework.----Ofcourse.A.whatB.whenC.ifD.where3.AmysaystheywillgotoJapannextSunday.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.who4.WhenBobarrivedthere,heknewheshouldbeginanewlife.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.that5.Hesaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster'sdesk.A.that B.if C.whether D.what6.—Jenny,I’mnotsure________themedicineworks.Youneedtotry.—Itdoes.Ifeelalotbetternow.A.why B.that C.whether D.where7.Idon'tknowifMum________thisnight.Ifshe_________,Iwillcallyou.A.willcomeback;willcomebackB.comesback;comesbackC.willcomeback;comesbackD.comesback;willcomeback8..—WillyoubuythisscarfforMum?—Ihavenoidea.Idon'tknow_______thecolourmatcheshernewhat.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.if（二）語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序，即形式為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。Tomwantstoknow...+WillMilliegoornot?TomwantstoknowwhetherMilliewillgoornot.Tomwantstoknow...+Isitrainingnow?Tomwantstoknowifitisrainingnow.【練習(xí)】TextbookP27B1（三）時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)和主句的時(shí)態(tài)有關(guān)。1.若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以是所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）①Amy說(shuō)她已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。Amysays(that)she(finish)hishomework.②Tom說(shuō)他的媽媽正在閱讀。Tomsays(that)hismother(read)now.若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。（呼應(yīng)性原則）（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）①他說(shuō)他們暑假將去英國(guó)。Hesaidthey(go)totheUKforsummerholiday.②她不知道他們是否去過(guò)公園了。Shedidn’tknowifthey(be)tothepark.③Daniel不確定外面是否在下雪。Danielwasn’tsureifit__________________(rain)outside.④Kitty很開心她每天騎自行車上學(xué)。Kittywasgladthatshe______________(ride)abiketoschool.★3.從句的內(nèi)容是客觀真理或不可改變的自然現(xiàn)象等，即使主句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（特殊性原則）①我媽媽告訴我太陽(yáng)從東方升起。Mymothertoldmethatthesun(rise)intheeast.②老師說(shuō)光比聲音傳播得快。Theteachersaidlight(travel)fasterthansound.主句從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)根據(jù)題意(do/doesam/is/are)(didwas/were)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(am/is/aredoing)(was/weredoing)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)(willdo)(woulddo)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)（havedone）（haddone）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)客觀真理或事實(shí)【練習(xí)】1.Ellasaidthatshe___toJiangsu.A.hadneverbeenB.hasneverbeenC.hadnevergoneD.hasnevergone2.Thestudentsaskediftheysomebooksandpenswiththem.A.takesB.willtakeC.tookD.take3.Thegirlswanttoknowwhethertheydictation(聽(tīng)寫)thisafternoon.A.hasB.haveC.willhaveD.had4.Simonknewthemoonroundtheearth.A.hastravelledB.travelledC.hadtravelledD.travels5.SheaskedCindyifgoandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shemayD.shecan6.MrWutoldusthesunintheeast.A.roseB.risesC.riseD.hadrisen7.—Wha