Unit 3 Electricity（單元測(cè)試·基礎(chǔ)卷）-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)單元速記•巧練（牛津上海版）（解析版）

試卷第=page1616頁，共=sectionpages1616頁第頁Unit3Electricity（單元測(cè)試·基礎(chǔ)卷）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Look!Theroof________fallenleaves.A．iscoveredwith B．coveredwithC．iscovered D．covered【答案】A【詳解】句意：看！屋頂上覆蓋著落葉?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)。cover...with...“用……覆蓋……”，動(dòng)詞短語，所以此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)“Look!”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為“Theroof”，所以此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的三單形式。故選A。2．OurforeignteacherKelly________backtotheUSlastmonth.A．go B．went C．goes D．willgo【答案】B【詳解】句意：我們的外教Kelly上個(gè)月返回到美國。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“l(fā)astmonth”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，且為肯定句，謂語動(dòng)詞需用過去式，go的過去式為went。故選B。3．Doyouwanttobehealthy?________.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.A．Smiling B．Smile C．Tosmile D．Smiled【答案】B【詳解】句意：你想健康嗎？微笑吧。微笑能幫助你保持健康。考查祈使句。結(jié)合語境可知，此處smile為不及物動(dòng)詞，本句為由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的祈使句的肯定形式，應(yīng)以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。故選B。4．—Iboughtadictionary.NowIcanlookupEnglishwordsinit.—________usefuldictionary!A．Howan B．Howa C．Whatan D．Whata【答案】D【詳解】句意：——我買了一本字典?，F(xiàn)在我可以在里面查英語單詞了。——多么有用的詞典?。】疾楦袊@句和冠詞辨析。a用于輔音音素前；an用于元音音素前。感嘆句的中心詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)dictionary，useful以輔音音素開頭，用感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)what+a/an+adj.+n.+主謂。故選D。5．________Fridaynight,theyaregoingtomeet________5o’clocktojoininTina’shousewarmingparty.A．On;on B．On;at C．In;in D．In;at【答案】B【詳解】句意：星期五晚上，他們將在5點(diǎn)見面，參加蒂娜的喬遷派對(duì)?？疾闀r(shí)間介詞辨析。on后接具體的某一天；in后接“年、月、季節(jié)”；at后接具體的時(shí)刻點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“Fridaynight”，可知是指“星期五晚上”，應(yīng)用介詞on；根據(jù)“5o’clock”，可知是指“5點(diǎn)鐘”，應(yīng)用介詞at。故選B。6．Canyoudrawwithonehandandplaythepianowith________atthesametime?A．other B．others C．theother D．theothers【答案】C【詳解】句意：你能用一只手畫畫，同時(shí)用另一只手彈鋼琴嗎？考查代詞辨析。other其他的；others其他人/物；theother兩者中的另一個(gè)；theothers其余的（表示在一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的其他全部）。根據(jù)“drawwithonehandandplaythepianowith…”可知，此處表示“用另一只手彈鋼琴”，指兩者中的另一個(gè)用theother。故選C。7．—________willtheweatherbelikeinHainaninDecember?—Itwill________bewarm.A．How;probably B．What;mayC．How’s;may D．What;probably【答案】D【詳解】句意：——12月份海南的天氣怎么樣？——可能會(huì)很暖和吧?？疾橐话阋蓡柧浜透痹~的用法。How怎樣；What什么；probably可能地；may可以。第一空，根據(jù)“willtheweatherbelike”可知，like是介詞，因此用what做like的賓語；第二空，前面有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will，用副詞probably修飾，作狀語。故選D。8．—IthinkImadeawrongdecisiontostayhere.—Isee.TheweatherinWuhanis________colderthanthatinmyhometown.A．much B．quite C．very D．more【答案】A【詳解】句意：——我想我留在這里是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定。——我懂了。武漢的天氣比我家鄉(xiāng)的天氣冷得多?？疾楦痹~用法。much非常；quite十分；very非常；more更多。根據(jù)“...colderthan...”可知，此句含有形容詞比較級(jí)，需用much來修飾比較級(jí)。故選A。9．—MustIcleantheclassroomatonce?—No,you________.You________cleanitafterschool.A．needn’t;must B．needn’t;can C．mustn’t;can D．can’t;must【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我必須馬上打掃教室嗎？——不，你沒必要。你可以放學(xué)后打掃?？疾橐话阋蓡柧涞幕卮鸷颓閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。must開頭的一般疑問句，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto；排除C、D；must必須；can可以。上文說了沒必要馬上打掃，所以第二空指的是“可以”放學(xué)后打掃，故選B。10．Thatpairofjeans________verywell.A．fitsyou B．fityou C．fitme D．fitsI【答案】A【詳解】句意：那條牛仔褲很適合你。考查主謂一致和賓格。Thatpairofjeans作主語，其中的pair是單數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用單三，排除BC；you你，可以作主格和賓格；I我，只能作主格?？仗幬挥趧?dòng)詞之后，應(yīng)用賓格代詞，故選A。11．Heistheboy________nameisTom.A．whose B．whom C．who D．that【答案】A【詳解】句意：他就是那個(gè)名字叫湯姆的男孩?？疾槎ㄕZ從句引導(dǎo)詞。whose先行詞為人或物，在從句中作定語；whom先行詞為人，在從句中作賓語；who先行詞為人，在從句中作主語或者賓語；that先行詞是人或物，在從句中作主語或者賓語。分析句子可知，先行詞boy指人，再結(jié)合“nameisTom”可知，空格處指的是男孩的名字，應(yīng)填whose作定語。故選A。12．—WillJanegobikeridingwithus?—Probablynot.Shewon’tgoout________shefinishesthehomework.A．when B．until C．though D．if【答案】B【詳解】句意：——Jane要和我們?nèi)ヲT自行車嗎？——可能不。她直到完成作業(yè)才能出去?？疾檫B詞辨析。when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；until直到；though盡管；if如果。not...until表示“直到……才”。故選B。13．—Let’sgotoJenny’shometoenjoyherstampsnow.—Goodidea.I’llcallhertosee________sheisathome.A．whether B．that C．where D．how【答案】A【詳解】句意：——我們現(xiàn)在去珍妮家欣賞她的郵票吧?！弥饕?。我要打電話給她，看她是否在家?？疾熨e語從句。whether是否；that無實(shí)際含義；where在哪里；how如何。根據(jù)“I’llcallhertosee...sheisathome.”可知，打電話確認(rèn)珍妮是否在家，故選A。14．—Haveyouever_________anyothercountrybefore?—Yes.I_________Australialastyear.I’vestayedtherefortwoweeks.A．beento;goneto B．beento;wenttoC．goneto;beento D．goneto;wentto【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你以前去過其他國家嗎？——對(duì)。我去年去了澳大利亞。我在那里待了兩個(gè)星期。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。hasgoneto意為“到某地去”，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場；hasbeento意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，說話人已經(jīng)回來了；wentto去過，一般過去。根據(jù)“Haveyouever”可知第一空詢問是否曾去過其他國家，應(yīng)用havebeento結(jié)構(gòu)，排除C和D；根據(jù)“l(fā)astyear”可知第二空用一般過去時(shí)，排除選項(xiàng)C，故選B。15．—Ifwedon’tcarefortheseanimals,theywill________fromtheearth.—That’strue.Weshoulddosomethingtoprotectthem.A．comeout B．blowout C．takeout D．dieout【答案】D【詳解】句意：——如果我們不照顧這些動(dòng)物，它們將從地球上滅絕?！钦娴摹Ｎ覀儜?yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么來保護(hù)它們。考查動(dòng)詞短語。comeout出現(xiàn)；blowout吹滅；takeout取出；dieout滅絕。根據(jù)“Ifwedon’tcarefortheseanimals”可知如果不照顧這些動(dòng)物，它們可能會(huì)滅絕。故選D。二、選詞填空Choosetheproperwordsintheboxtocompletethefollowingpassage.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce.(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次)A．organized

B．imagine

C．basic

D．traditional

E.reduceHaveyounoticedyourlifebecomingmucheasier?Now,whenyougotoacertainshoppingmall,youcanenjoyitsfreeWi-Fithere.Whenyouwanttotakeataxi,youcanbookonewithyourphone.Infact,allthesecanbeseenasthe16partsofasmartcity.In2009,DubuquebecamethefirstsmartcityintheUS.Thecityusedsmartwatermeterstotaketheplaceof17ones.Theycandetect(探測(cè))waterwasteandleakage(泄漏)andsenddatatoletthehouseownerknow.Thesamesystemisusedforothercityresourceslikeelectricityandnaturalgas.Thisway,peopleknowhowtheyusetheirresourcesandaregladtohelp18waste.SantanderinSpainalsogivesusalookatthefuture.Ifpeoplepointaphonetowardanearbybusstop,thephoneimmediatelyshowsallbuslinesthatservethestopaswellastheirarrivaltimes.Thegovernment19aresearchteamandprovidedanApp(應(yīng)用程序)thatcollectsdataonalmosteverything:light,temperature,andthemovementsofcarsandpeople.OpeningtheAppnearasupermarketprovidesimmediateinformationonspecialoffers.【答案】16．C17．D18．E19．A【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了智能城市如何提高城市的規(guī)劃，節(jié)省資金和資源，使我們的生活更便利。16．句意：事實(shí)上，所有這些都可以被視為智能城市的基本組成部分。根據(jù)“partsofasmartcity”可知是智能城市的基本組成部分。備選詞basic“基本的”符合語境。故選C。17．句意：這個(gè)城市用智能水表代替了傳統(tǒng)的水表。根據(jù)“Thecityusedsmartwatermeterstotaketheplaceof”可知是用智能水表取代“傳統(tǒng)”水表，備選詞traditional“傳統(tǒng)的”符合語境。故選D。18．句意：通過這種方式，人們知道如何使用他們的資源，并樂于幫助減少浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)“knowhowtheyusetheirresources”以及“waste”可知and前后都是積極的作用，因此是“減少”浪費(fèi)，備選詞reduce“減少”符合語境。故選E。19．句意：政府組織了一個(gè)研究小組，并提供了一個(gè)可以收集幾乎所有數(shù)據(jù)：光、溫度、汽車和人的運(yùn)動(dòng)的應(yīng)用程序。根據(jù)“aresearchteam”以及“provided”可知是“組織”了一個(gè)研究小組，并提供收集幾乎所有數(shù)據(jù)的應(yīng)用程序。備選詞organized“組織”符合語境。故選A。三、單詞拼寫20．It’sagoodhabittokeepyourroom(tidy)everyday.【答案】tidy【詳解】句意：每天保持房間整潔是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。tidy“整潔的”，形容詞，“keepsth.+形容詞”，意為“使某物保持什么狀態(tài)”，故填tidy。21．I’mgoingtothesupermarkettobuysomethisafternoon.(battery)【答案】batteries【詳解】句意：今天下午，我要去超市買一些電池。battery“電池”，可數(shù)名詞。“some”后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填batteries。22．Pleasebe(care),oryouwillmakemistakes.【答案】careful【詳解】句意：請(qǐng)仔細(xì)，否則你會(huì)犯錯(cuò)的。根據(jù)“oryouwillmakemistakes”可知，此處是提醒對(duì)方仔細(xì)一點(diǎn)，不然將會(huì)犯錯(cuò)；careful“仔細(xì)的”，形容詞作表語。故填careful。23．HeexpresseshimselfingoodEnglish.(clearly)【答案】clear【詳解】句意：他用正確清晰的英語表達(dá)自己。此處修飾名詞English，應(yīng)用形容詞clear“清晰的”，作定語。故填clear。24．I’vemymathsbook.Ican’tfinditanywhere.(lose)【答案】lost【詳解】句意：我的數(shù)學(xué)書丟了。我到處都找不到。根據(jù)語境和“I’ve…”可知，此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是I，所以結(jié)構(gòu)為“have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”，lose的過去分詞是lost。故填lost。25．Canshe(run)asfastasHelen?【答案】run【詳解】句意：她能跑得和海倫一樣快嗎？根據(jù)分析句子可知，此句是由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，結(jié)合提示詞run是動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要跟動(dòng)詞原形，所以應(yīng)該填run。故填run。26．Thanksfor(carry)theheavybagforme,ZhangHeng.【答案】carrying【詳解】句意：張恒，謝謝你幫我背這個(gè)很重的包。介詞for后加動(dòng)名詞carrying“背”。故填carrying。27．LittleTomasks(polite)thantheotherstudents.【答案】morepolitely【詳解】句意：小湯姆比其他學(xué)生更禮貌地提問。polite“禮貌的”，形容詞。根據(jù)than可知，空格處用比較級(jí)；分析題干可知，空格處是副詞，用于修飾動(dòng)詞asks“詢問”，結(jié)合提示詞，空格處應(yīng)填副詞politely的比較級(jí)，故填morepolitely。四、完成句子28．a(chǎn)nythingunpleasant,we,prevent,happening,from,hopeto.【答案】Wehopetopreventanythingunpleasantfromhappening【詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示可知，本句是陳述句，分析所給單詞，we作主語，hopetodosth希望做某事，prevent...fromdoing阻止某事，anythingunpleasant任何不愉快的事，happening發(fā)生。故填Wehopetopreventanythingunpleasantfromhappening“我們希望防止任何不愉快的事情發(fā)生”。29．Wehavedecidedwhenweshouldsetoutonthejourneytomorrow.(保持原句意思)Wehavedecidedsetoutonthejourneytomorrow.【答案】whento【詳解】句意：我們已經(jīng)決定了明天什么時(shí)候出發(fā)旅行。此處可用“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語進(jìn)行改寫，故填when；to。30．Daisywenttobedaftershecompletedaposterfortheschoolprojectlastnight.Daisygotobedshecompletedaposterfortheschoolprojectlastnight.【答案】didn’tuntil【詳解】句意：黛西昨晚完成學(xué)校項(xiàng)目的海報(bào)后就去睡覺了。根據(jù)題干可知，修改后的句子應(yīng)表達(dá)為“黛西昨晚直到完成學(xué)校項(xiàng)目的海報(bào)才上床睡覺”，not...until...“直到……才……”，原句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，所以助動(dòng)詞用did，與not可縮寫為didn’t。故填didn’t；until。31．Wehaveboughtquitealotofricefromthesupermarketnearby.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)ricehaveyouboughtfromthesupermarketnearby?【答案】Howmuch【詳解】句意：我們從附近的超市買了不少大米。劃線部分表示數(shù)量，且修飾不可數(shù)名詞rice，應(yīng)用howmuch表示“多少”，故填How；much。32．Peterhardlyhasbreakfastwithhisfamilyonweekdays.(反意疑問句)Peterhardlyhasbreakfastwithhisfamilyonweekdays,?【答案】doeshe【詳解】句意：彼得平日很少和家人一起吃早餐。根據(jù)hardly可知，疑問部分用肯定，結(jié)合has可知，助動(dòng)詞用does，Peter是男性，代詞用he，故填does；he。33．Daisyfrozewhensheheardastrangevoice.(改為否定句)Daisywhensheheardastrangevoice.【答案】didn’tfreeze【詳解】句意：黛西聽到一個(gè)奇怪的聲音，嚇了一跳。原句是一般過去時(shí)，變否定句需借助助動(dòng)詞didn’t，后跟動(dòng)詞原形freeze。故填didn’t；freeze。五、閱讀理解Nature’swarnings(警告)Whentheskysuddenlyturnsdarkandthewindisstrong,watchout!Adangerousstormmightbecoming.Stormsarefrightening.Watchforflashesoflightning.Listenforthunder.Ifnaturesendsthesewarnings,don’twaitforrain.Actrightawaytokeepsafe.SafetyStepsAtthefirstflashoflightning,quicklygetinsideabuildingoracar.Donotgointoashed(棚屋)forprotection.Itisnotclosedlikeabuilding,soitisnotsafe.Evenafteryouareindoors,becareful.Itisnotsmarttogoneardoorsandwindows.Theycanblowinorbreak.Aroomwithnowindowsisthesafestplacetobe.Donotwashyourhandsduringastorm.Donotuseanythingthatrunsonelectricity,either.Waterandelectricallinesarelikeroadsforlightning.Evenifyoureallywanttoplaycomputergames,don’t!Itisbettertobeboredthantogethurt.Tryreadingabookinstead.Readingismorefunthanplayingcomputerduringastorm.Donotuseanythingthatrunsonelectricity,either.Waterandelectricallinesarelikeroadsforlightning.Evenifyoureallywanttoplaycomputergames,don’t!Itisbettertobeboredthantogethurt.Tryreadingabookinstead.Readingismorefunthanplayingcomputergames.Ifyoucan’tgettosomewheresafe,stayoutintheopen.Youmayfeelsafeunderatree,butthatisnot2goodplacetobe.Lightningispullingtowardtallpolesandtrees.Staydowninanopenspaceandcoveryourearstoprotectthem.Loudthundercanhurtyourhearing.LightningStrikes(雷擊)Lightningdoesnotstrikepeopleveryoften.Youmightoftenseethathappen.Ifyoudo,call120.Onlytrainedemergencyworkersshouldcareforapersonwhohasbeenhitbylightning.Ifyoufollowtheserules,youwillstaysafeduringastorm.34．FromParagraph1,welearnthat________.A．stormsarefrighteninganddangerous B．stormsoftencomewithoutwarningsC．peopleshouldwaitandwatchlightning D．peopleshouldtakeactionafterthestorm35．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．a(chǎn)building B．a(chǎn)shed C．a(chǎn)car D．a(chǎn)room36．Whatisthesafestplaceforustostay?a.Aroomwithmanywindowswhenwe’reindoors.b.Underabigtreewhenwe’reintheopen.c.Theschoolplayground.d.Aroomwithnowindows.A．a(chǎn)b. B．bc. C．bd. D．cd.37．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．It’ssafetostayindoorstoplaycomputergamesduringastorm.B．Readingbooksismoredangerousthanusingelectricalthingsinastorm.C．Weshouldnotwashourhandswhenastormcomes.D．Ifapersonishitbylightning,youshouldmovehimorhertoasafeplacerightaway.38．Wherecanwereadthispassage?A．Inastorymagazine. B．Inatravellingmagazine.C．Inasciencemagazine. D．Inasportsmagazine.【答案】34．A35．B36．D37．C38．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹如何在暴風(fēng)雨中保護(hù)自己的安全。首先要看大自然的警告，然后是具體的安全步驟，最后是遇到被閃電擊中的人該怎么做。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Adangerousstormmightbecoming.Stormsarefrightening.”可知，風(fēng)暴很可怕也很危險(xiǎn)，故選A。35．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Donotgointoashed(棚屋)forprotection.Itisnotclosedlikeabuilding,soitisnotsafe.”可知，此處指棚屋是不安全的，所以it指ashed，故選B。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aroomwithnowindowsisthesafestplacetobe.”和“Staydowninanopenspaceandcoveryourearstoprotectthem.”可知，在沒有窗戶的房間和開闊的戶外是安全的，選項(xiàng)c和d說法正確，故選D。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Donotwashyourhandsduringastorm.”可知，暴風(fēng)雨期間不要洗手，故選C。38．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了如何在暴風(fēng)雨中保護(hù)自己的安全，推測(cè)出自科學(xué)雜志，故選C。六、完形填空Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞語完成短文)Manypeoplebelievethat“thechildrenarethefuture.”Creativeteenagershaveprovedthistobetrue.Theyareworkinghardtotrytosolvesomeoftheworld’sbiggestproblems.Hereareafew39.Gettingridofblindspots(視線盲區(qū))incarsFromWestGrove,Pennsylvania,14-year-oldAlainaGasslercreatedasolutionforoneofthebiggestcarproblemsinhistory.Theteenagerinventedadevice(設(shè)備)togetridofblindspotsincars.Shewona$25,000SamueliFoundationPrizeforhercreation.Theidea40Gasslerafterhermomsaidshedislikedusingthefamily’sJeepGrandCherokeebecausethefrontA-pillarscreatedblindspots.Then,herownbrotherbegandriving;healsoencouragedhertomoveforwardwiththeproject.Pedaling(踩踏板)tohavetheclotheswashedInthepast,RemyaJoseandherfamilyhand-washedtheirclothesintheirlocalriver41thefamilydidn’townawashingmachineandherneighborhooddidn’thaveelectricity.Thetasktooktoomuchtimeandenergy.Josewantedtochangethis.Hercreation42youtoputclothes,hotwateranddetergent(洗滌劑)inacontainer.Yousimplysteponanattached(相連的)pedalwhichagitates(攪動(dòng))theclothesandsoonafterthey’reclean!ProvidingpowerandcleanwaterMillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldcan’tuseelectricityorcleanwater.Butoneteenagerisclosetosolvingthatproblem.CynthiaSinNgaLam,fromAustralia,inventedH2Pro.Itisabletomakedirtywatercleanandclear,andusethewastetoproducepower.Attheageof17,LambecameoneofthefinalistsinGoogle’s2014ScienceFairforher43invention.39．A．ideas B．examples C．facts D．items40．A．puton B．wentafter C．cameto D．heldout41．A．because B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．so42．A．a(chǎn)llows B．a(chǎn)ssists C．a(chǎn)sks D．forces43．A．simple B．boring C．a(chǎn)mazing D．usual【答案】39．B40．C41．A42．A43．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了幾個(gè)富有創(chuàng)造力的青少年的發(fā)明的情況。39．句意：下面是幾個(gè)例子。ideas主意；examples例子；facts事實(shí)；items項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)下文的介紹可知，文章舉例進(jìn)行說明，故選B。40．句意：Gassler的媽媽說她不喜歡開家里的吉普大切諾基，因?yàn)榍懊娴腁柱會(huì)造成盲點(diǎn)，于是她有了這個(gè)想法。puton穿上；wentafter追逐；cameto來到；heldout堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“Theidea...Gassler...”可知，這個(gè)主意出現(xiàn)在Gassler腦海，故選C。41．句意：過去，RemyaJose和她的家人在當(dāng)?shù)氐暮永镉H手洗衣服，因?yàn)榧依餂]有洗衣機(jī)，她的社區(qū)也沒有電。because因?yàn)?；and和；but但是；so因此。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“thefamilydidn’townawashingmachineandherneighborhooddidn’thaveelectricity”是“RemyaJoseandherfamilyhand-washedtheirclothesintheirlocalriver”的原因，此處應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，故選A。42．句意：她的發(fā)明可以讓你把衣服、熱水和洗滌劑放在一個(gè)容器里。allows允許；assists幫助；asks問；forces強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)“youtoputclothes,hotwateranddetergent(洗滌劑)inacontainer”可知，這個(gè)發(fā)明允許把洗衣所需要的所有東西放在一起，故選A。43．句意：17歲時(shí)，林因其驚人的發(fā)明成為谷歌2014年科學(xué)博覽會(huì)的決賽選手之一。simple簡單的；boring厭煩的；amazing驚艷的；usual通常的。根據(jù)上文的敘述可知，她的發(fā)明是令人驚艷的，故選C。七、短文填空Today,manyinventionscanbebetterknown.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.TVBikeAscientistconnectstheTVtoabikesothattheTVcangettheelectricitybyridingthebike.IfthechildrenwanttowatchTVforalongertime,theyhavetorideveryhardi44ofsittingonthesofa.FloatingBikeCanyouimagineabicyclecrossingrivers?Ifyouwanttocrossariver,first,inflate(充氣)ahugeplasticballallaroundthebike.Thenyoucane45theballandridethebikeinsidetheballtomoveforward.FireRechargerAfirerechargercanproduceelectricityfromtheheatoffire.Thismeansifyouhavet46findingaplacetocharge(充電)yourmobilephoneinthewild,youcanuseasmallfiretodothat.DigGogglesUnderwatercamerasareoftensoe47.ButnowapairofcheapDigGogglescanhelpyoudothat.Theyarespecialglassesfortakingphotoswhenswimming.Openandcloseyoureyestwiceandthenyouwills48intakingphotoseasilyunderwater.【答案】44．(i)nstead45．(e)nter46．(t)rouble47．(e)xpensive48．(s)ucceed【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了4個(gè)發(fā)明，分別為：電視機(jī)車、漂浮自行車、消防充電器、挖掘眼鏡。44．句意：如果孩子們想看更長時(shí)間的電視，他們必須很用力地騎而不是坐在沙發(fā)上。根據(jù)“theyhavetorideveryhard…ofsittingonthesofa.”可知，空處前后表述的事情相反，結(jié)合首字母提示可知，insteadof“而不是”。故填(i)nstead。45．句意：然后你可以進(jìn)入球和騎著球內(nèi)的自行車向前移動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Thenyoucan…theballandridethebikeinsidetheballtomoveforward.”結(jié)合首字母可知，此處指的是進(jìn)入球內(nèi)，enter“進(jìn)入”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(e)nter。46．句意：這意味著如果你在野外找不到地方給你的手機(jī)充電，你可以用小火來充電。根據(jù)“findingaplacetocharge(充電)yourmobilephoneinthewild,”結(jié)合首字母可知，havetroubledoingsth“做某事有困難”。故填(t)rouble。47．句意：水下攝像頭通常都很貴。根據(jù)“ButnowapairofcheapDigGogglescanhelpyoudothat.”結(jié)合首字母可知，空處應(yīng)和cheap構(gòu)成反義，expensive“昂貴的”，形容詞作表語。故填(e)xpensive。48．句意：睜開和閉上你的眼睛兩次，然后你就會(huì)成功地在水下輕松地拍攝照片。succeedindoingsth“成功地做了某事”，固定搭配；will后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(s)ucceed。八、任務(wù)型閱讀Whenthereisafire,itcanbeverydangerousforpeople.Everyyear,therearethousandsofpeoplelosingtheirlivesinfires.Inmanycases,thesefireshappenedbecausepeoplewerecareless.Howtopreventfiresathome?Itisimportanttomonitor(監(jiān)督)somefamilies.Useofelectricalappliances(電器)Alwayspayattentiontotheelectricalappliancesthatyouareusing.Chooseproperelectricalappliancesandusethemcorrectly.Forexample,allowenoughspacebehindyourTVsetstomakesurethatthereisroomfortheheattogetaway.Donotputheatersnearnewspapersorothermaterialsthatcanburneasily.Whentheelectricalappliancesarenotinuse,pulltheplugs(插頭)out.Whenyounoticethatthereissomethingwrongwithyourelectricalappliances,besuretorepairorreplacethemquickly.FiredangersinthekitchenThekitchenisaplacewherewecanfindfuel(燃料),cookingstovesandmanydifferentkindsofelectricalappliances.Becauseofthis,youhavetobemorecarefulwhenworkinginthekitchen.Beforecooking,openthewindowstoallowfreshairtogointothekitchen.Donotleavethekitchenwhenastoveisinuse.Keepwastepaperawayfromastoveaswell.Ifyousmellstronggasinthekitchen,turnoffthestoveatonce.MatchesandlightersPutmatchesandlightersinsafeplaces.Itisdangeroustoletchildrenplaywiththem.Emergencyexits(緊急出口)Donotblock(阻塞)theemergencyexitsorlockthem.Whenthereisafire,theemergencyexitsareyourmainescape(逃離)paths.回答下面5個(gè)問題，每題答案不超過6個(gè)詞。49．Whydidfireshappeninmanycases?.50．Whatshallwedowhentheelectricalappliancesarenotinuse?.51．Wherecanwefindfuelandcookingstoves?.52．Whatshouldyoudoatonceifyousmellstronggasinthekitchen?.53．Whereshallweputmatchesandlighters?.【答案】49．Becausepeoplewerecareless/Peoplewerecareless50．Pulltheplugsout51．Inthekitchen52．Turnoffthestove53．Insafeplaces【導(dǎo)語】本文給出了一些預(yù)防家庭火災(zāi)的方法。49．根據(jù)“Inmanycases,thesefireshappenedbecausepeoplewerecareless.”可知，在許多案例中，火災(zāi)發(fā)生是因?yàn)槿藗兇中牧恕９侍頑ecausepeoplewerecareless/Peoplewerecareless。50．根據(jù)“Whentheelectricalappliancesarenotinuse,pulltheplugsout.”可知，當(dāng)電器沒有使用的時(shí)候，要把插頭拔出來。故填Pulltheplugsout。51．根據(jù)“Thekitchenisaplacewherewecanfindfuel,cookingstovesandmanydifferentkindsofelectricalappliances.”可知，燃料和爐子可以在廚房找到。故填I(lǐng)nthekitchen。52．根據(jù)“Ifyousmellstronggasinthekitchen,turnoffthestoveatonce.”可知，如果你在廚房聞到了強(qiáng)烈的氣體，馬上關(guān)閉爐子。故填Turnoffthestove。53．根據(jù)“Putmatchesandlightersinsafeplaces.”可知，我們應(yīng)該把火柴和打火機(jī)放在安全的地方。故填I(lǐng)nsafeplaces。九、書面表達(dá)54．習(xí)主席曾經(jīng)說過“綠水青山就是金山銀山”。要想使我們的祖國更加美麗強(qiáng)大，作為一名中學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該怎樣保護(hù)環(huán)境去貢獻(xiàn)一份力量呢？請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面所給的英語材料，用英文寫一封倡議書。savewater,my