初升高銜接英語7非謂語動(dòng)詞下課件

BridgingCourse

——初高中英語銜接課程（七）Non-finiteverbⅡ第七講CONTENTS01-ingand-edascomplement03Summary02-edasadverbialandattributive04Homework01PARTONE-ingand-edascomplementQ:Whatdoesbiodiversitymeantoourplanet?Possibleanswer:Biodiversitykeepsourplanetbeautiful,sustainable,nourishingandpowerful.Q1:Whataretheseadjectivesmodifying?Q2:Whatpartofthesentencearetheyplaying?A1:OurplanetA1:Complement(objectcomplement)賓語補(bǔ)足語指有些及物動(dòng)詞，接了賓語意義仍不完整，還需要有一個(gè)其他的句子成分，來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)等。Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.

b.Itmadepeoplefrightened

ofsharks,...

Q1.Insentence(a),whoisswimmingatnight?Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.Q2.Insentence(b),whoisfrightenedofsharks?Q3.

Whattypeofcomplementisaddedhere?Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.

b.Itmadepeoplefrightenedofsharks,...

Q4.Whydoestheauthorchoosetousedifferentformsofverbsinthetwosentences?Insentence(a),awomanisswimming.Inotherwords,thewomandoestheactionofswimming.Sotheauthoruses-ing.Butinsentence(b),peoplearefrightened.Asaresult,passivevoiceisused.Sotheauthoruses-ed.Observethepicturesandfillintheblankswithproperobjectcomplement.Visitorsinthezoowerecuriouslywatchingthepanda_________________.eatingbamboosThepandawaseating

bamboos.1)see,watch,hear,feel,smell,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe,catch等感官動(dòng)詞(perceptives)后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Visitorsinthezoowerecuriouslywatchingthepandaeatingbamboos.Activity4Explanation-ingascomplementWeshouldnotstandbyandleaveallthoseplasticwastes________________forever.

lyingonthebeach

Plasticwastesarelying

onthebeach.Observethepicturesandfillintheblankswithpropercomplementaccordingly.2)keep,have,get,leave,set等使役動(dòng)詞(causatives)后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。Weshouldnotstandbyandleaveallthoseplasticwasteslyingonthebeachforever.單句語法填空(1)WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning，Isawtwowomen

（argue）.(2)Hewasjustabouttositdownwhenhefeltsomething

（move）nearhisfeet.(3)Istoodonthebridgeandwatchedboats

（pass）by.(4)Don’tkeepthechildren

（work）ontheirlessonsallday.arguingmovingpassingworkingWegladlyseecountry’scarbonfootprint________by50%tillnow.reducedThecountry’scarbonfootprinthasbeenreducedby50%tillnow.Observethepicturesandfillintheblankswithpropercomplementaccordingly.Thekittyreturnedtoitshometownyearslaterandfoundtheriveritoncefishedin_______________.heavilypollutedTheriverwasheavilypolluted.Observethepicturesandfillintheblankswithpropercomplementaccordingly.-edascomplement1)see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等感官動(dòng)詞(perceptives)后接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示該動(dòng)作與賓語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或者該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。Wewillseetheplancarriedoutnextyear.WhenIheardmysongsungbyeveryone,IknewImadeit.InoticedthebreakfastmadewhenIwentintothekitchen.Iobservedherhairstylechanged.Hefelthisfeetpulledbysomething.Shefoundhercargone.Thecampsiteissuchabeautifulplace.Weshouldgetit____________afterenjoyingapicnichere.cleanedupThecampsiteshouldbecleanedup.Observethepicturesandfillintheblankswithpropercomplementaccordingly.2)have,get,make,leave,keep等使役動(dòng)詞(causatives)后接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示動(dòng)作由他人完成。-edascomplementIraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.Shegothertoothpulledout.Wehadtheenginerepaired.Pleasekeepusinformedofthelatestdevelopment.單句語法填空(1)Whenwesawtheroad

（block）withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.(2)Let’shaveallthewindows

（clean）.(3)Beforedrivingintothecity，youarerequiredtogetyourcar

（wash）.(4)Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves

（lose）forwords.blockedcleanedwashedlost02PARTTWO-edasadverbialandattributiveLookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.Activity1:Lookandanswer0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…Disappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybest

friend.Approachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.Q1.Whowasdisappointedinsentence(a)?

Whatis

approachedinsentence(b)?Q2.Whydoestheauthoruse-edinsteadof-inghere?Because-ingisusedwhentheactionisdonebythesubjectofthesentence,while-edisusedwhentheactionisdonetothesubjectofthesentence.Here,both“disappoint”and“approach”areactionsdonetothesubjects.Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.Activity1:Lookandanswer0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…Disappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybest

friend.Approachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwillsoonberepaired.Q3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsof

sentences?c.BecauseI

wasdisappointedbyhisbehaviour,Isaidallthistomybestfriend.d.Ifitisapproachedinthisway,yourfriendshipwill

soonbe

repaired.Group1-edformsusedastheadverbialGroup2adverbialclausesQ4.Whydoweprefertochoosetouse-edinsteadofanadverbialclause?Because-edmakesthesentencesshorterandsoundmoreformalaswrittenlanguage.定義：過去分詞是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種形式,

表示完成和

被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。它在句中可充當(dāng)狀語、定語、表語

和補(bǔ)語。用法：過去分詞作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語是主句的主語,

且與主語之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語

可表時(shí)間、原因、讓步、結(jié)果、條件、方式或伴

隨等。-edasadverbial過去分詞作狀語

V-ed作狀語原因狀語時(shí)間狀語條件狀語讓步狀語伴隨或方式狀語②

Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.①

Destroyedbythehurricane,theoldhouseisnowheretobefound.

(As/Becauseithasbeen)(Becausehewas)1.作原因狀語：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。由于颶風(fēng)的破壞，那座老房子哪也找不到了。

淋了一場(chǎng)大雨，他全身濕透了。②Waterboils,heatedto100℃.③Askedwhathadhappened,hekeptsilent.①

Seenfromthetopofthebuilding,ourschoollooksbeautiful.(Whenitis)(whenitis)2.作時(shí)間狀語:相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句

從樓頂上看，學(xué)?？雌饋砗苊馈Ｋ訜岬?00度就沸騰。(Whenhewas)當(dāng)被問及發(fā)生了什么事時(shí)，他保持沉默。①

Tired,hewentonworking.②Leftaloneathome,thelittleboydidn'tfeelafraidatall.(Althoughhewas)雖然他很疲倦，他仍然繼續(xù)工作。3.作讓步狀語:

相當(dāng)于though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。(Althoughhewas)雖然他被獨(dú)自留在家里，小男孩一點(diǎn)也不害怕。4.作條件狀語:相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句①

Punishedbytheparents,hewon'tcomeagain.②

Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.他若是被家長(zhǎng)懲罰了，就再也不能來了。(Ifheis)(Ifwewere)如果給我們更多的時(shí)間，我們就能把工作做得更好。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.=Ifwaterisheated,it(water)changesintosteam.

水經(jīng)過加熱就變成了蒸汽。③②

Absorbedinthework,heneglectedfoodandsleep.①

Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.(andshewas)(Hewas)5.作伴隨或方式狀語她走出房間，后面跟著她的小女兒。他專心于工作，廢寢忘食。Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.a.…Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher…b.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.…Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher…b.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.“老師說的”“已經(jīng)完成的”Canyoutranslatethesentences?1.Whatwasspokeninsentence(a)?Whatwasfinishedinsentence(b)?2.Whydoestheauthoruse-ed

insteadof-ing?“Thewords”werespokeninsentence(a).“Thewell”wasfinishedinsentence(b).Because“thewords”were“spoken”insteadof“speaking”,and“thewell”was“finished”insteadof“finishing”.Thewordsinboldshowpassiveinsteadofactiveactions.-edusedastheattributiveparta.…Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher…c.…Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordswhichwerespokenbyhisteacher.anattributiveclause及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語時(shí),通常既表示完成,又表示被動(dòng)。一般放在所修飾名詞的后面。b.

InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinished

wellwithhisowneyes.d.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthewell,whichwasfinished,withhisowneyes.-edusedastheattributivepartanattributiveclause-ed形式單獨(dú)作定語,一般放在所修飾名詞或代詞的前面。anothertwo-edforms3)Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.4)Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohad…-edalsocanbeusedasanattributewiththemeaning“……的”。過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語，一般表示其與所修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示的動(dòng)作已完成。e.g.You’dbetterusetheboiledwatertomaketea.Thenursewassenttoattendtheinjuredman.2.單個(gè)過去分詞作定語一般放名詞前，過去分詞短語作定語一般放名詞后。e.g.Wemustadapttothechangedconditions.HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens?Intheend,thesuggestiongivenbyMr.Smithwasadopted.3.

不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語，只表示完成的含義，不表示被動(dòng)的含義。e.g.Thepolicearesearchingfortheescapedprisoner.Theoldmanoverthereisaretiredworker.4.過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。egTherearethreevillagesdestroyedbythestorm.=Therearethreevillageswhich/thatweredestroyed

bythestorm.Ifoundthecupbrokenbythecatunderthetable.=Ifoundthecupwhich/thatwasbrokenbythecatunderthetable.1.Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially_________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.2.Therehavebeenmanyadvancesinmedicineinrecentyears.Thatmeansmoney_______(use)formedicalresearchhasbeenwellspent.

designedused用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。03PARTTHREESummary現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：1根據(jù)賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系來確定用哪種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。主動(dòng)關(guān)系——現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)關(guān)系——過去分詞2感官動(dòng)詞hear，see，notice，feel等既可以接分詞也可以接省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞——主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過去分詞——被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞不定式——?jiǎng)幼鞯娜^程Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.

=Wefollowedtheoldmanandwentupstairs.

Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.

=Wewentupstairsandwewerefollowedbytheoldman.

現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，其邏輯主語與句子主語