Unit4AdversityandCourageLearningaboutLanguage詞匯課課件高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit4adversityandcourageLearningaboutLanguage主講人：南昌二中CatherineLearningObjectivesErnestShackletonLearnthenewwordswithstrategiesincludingusingcontexttoguessthemeaning,payingattentiontoaffixesandroots;Understandandusethekeywordsandexpressionsinthisunitindifferentcontexts;Deepen

theawarenessofhowimportantitistopersevereinfaceofadversity.Step1：Contextclues:

Whenyoumeetwithnewwords,lookattheotherwordsandusewhatyouknowaboutthetopictoguesstheirmeanings.WORDLEARNINGSTRATEGIESDICTIONARIESPREFIXES,SUFFIXES,ANDROOTSCONTEXTCLUESIntroducingwordlearningstrategiesStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsSbhappenedtodosth某人碰巧做某事Sthhappenedtosb

某事發(fā)生在某人身上…Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.1)You__________________(碰巧在外面)whenIcametoyourhouse.2)___________________(真巧)Iknowsomeonewhomightbeabletohelp.3)It’sthebestthingthathasever________________(發(fā)生在我身上).happenedtobeoutIt(so)happensthathappenedtomeHowhejoinedSirShackleton’sexpedition.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour.However,whenIappliedtojointheexpeditionShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.Whatdothered-boldedwordsmeanandwhy?

fullofvigour:fit->Theword“vigour”meanshealthandenergy.Synonym同義:ThewordmeansthesameasawordIknow,anditappearsinthecontext.applied->tooyoungandwasn'tqualified->so->Thephrase“turned…down”meanstorejectorrefusesomethingorsomeone.Inference推斷（causeandresult）textclues+generalknowledge+logicStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsTheicefrozearoundusandwewerewellandtrulystuck!Wesawtheshipgetcrushedbytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssankwithit.ship:stuckinthefrozenice->?bytheice->sankInference推斷（causeandresult）Theword“crushed”meanstobesqueezeduntildamaged.DIARYIIThecrewhadtoabandonEndurancewhichwasstuckandcrushedbyice.besunkinsth.:tobeinastateofunhappinessordeepthought陷入不快（或沉思）中sinksink-sank/sunk-sunkmoveslowlydownwardsbelowthesurfaceoftheseasing-sang-sung唱ring-rang-rung響鈴spring-sprang-sprung跳起；反彈drink-drank-drunk飲swim-swam-swum游泳v.下沉；沉沒；沉降；下陷adj.位于貧窮地區(qū)的；貧民窟的n.洗碗槽Step2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsButtooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Husseyoftenplaysittokeepourspiritsup.playthebanjo->upInference推斷(commonsense&referentialrelation)

Thephrase“keepourspiritsup”meanstostaypositiveusuallyinabadsituation.Step2:Guessingwordsandlearninglanguagepoints

Step3:Matchthewordswiththecorrectdefinition.unpleasantlycold;astrongtastewithoutsugarphysical/mentalenergyanddeterminationpersonwhosejobistoservefoodanddrinkstopassengersonaplane/shiptowishthatyouhadsomeoneelse’spossessions,abilitiesetc.topresssth.sohardthatitbreaksorisdamagedbittervigorstewardenvycrushtogodownbelowthesurfaceofsth.thethingsyouowntotraveltoaplace,especiallybyshipfollowingmoralstandards;ofagoodenoughstandardorqualityafeelingthatyoureallyfeel,notoneyoupretendtofeeldeterminationtokeeptryingtoachievesomethinginspiteofdifficulties–usethistoshowapprovalsinkbelongingsvoyagedecentgenuineperseverance

Step3:Matchthewordswiththecorrectdefinition.1.FindthesuitableadjectivesfromthereadingtextASuccessfulFailuretocompletethesentences.Thefirstletterofeachwordhasbeengiven.1.Hebehavesinad_____mannerandwethinkheisarealgentleman.2.Withthegentlemusic,softlights,andcomfortablesofas,thiscaféiseverythingyouneedafteratiringday.Itisac____andrelaxingplace.3.Heusedtobesocrossandb_____________thatnobodycouldtoleratehim,butthebirthofhissonchangedhislifeandmadehimabetterperson.4.Lifewascruelto

oliverwhenhewasyoung.Althoughlivingam________life,hehadaverykindheart.5.Trytolearnfromyourmistakesandb_____failures.Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.6.Theyoungboyhasdemonstratedag_______interestintheexpeditiontotheAntarctic.iserableenuineecentosyad-tempereditter______________________拒絕(某人)______________________生火______________________放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)______________________振作精神______________________設法做某事______________________完全地；徹底地______________________熱衷于______________________上船______________________成為被困在______________________到一個地方的探險turnsb.downmakefiregiveoffkeepone’sspiritsupmanagetodosthwellandtrulybeenthusiasticaboutgoaboardtheshipbecomestuckintheexpeditiontoaplace

Buildupvocabulary1．________adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→________v．(使)具有資格；(使)合格→____________n．資格；資歷；資格證書2．__________adj.熱情的；熱心的→_______________adv.熱情地→___________n．熱情；熱忱3．______vt.分派；布置；分配→_____________n．任務；作業(yè)；分配4．_________n．[pl.]財物；動產(chǎn)→________vi.屬于；應在(某處)5．________adj.自私的→________adv.自私地→__________n．自私6．________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→________vi.堅持；孜孜以求7．________vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)

n．決心；堅定的信念→___________n．決議；解決；堅定；決心8．________adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的→________adv.殘忍地；殘酷地→________n．殘忍；殘酷qualifiedqualifyqualificationenthusiasticenthusiasticallyenthusiasmassignassignmentbelongingsbelongselfishselfishlyselfishnessperseverancepersevereresolveresolutioncruelcruellycruelty9．____________adv.不幸地；遺憾地→___________(反)adv.幸運地→________n．運氣；財產(chǎn)10．________n．指導；引導；導航→________n．導游；指南vt.帶領；引導；為……領路11．______________n．廣告活動；廣告業(yè)→____________vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→________________n．廣告；宣傳12．________adj.忠誠的；忠實的→________n．忠誠；忠實13．___________n．承諾；保證；奉獻→________vt.犯(錯誤、罪行等)

vi.&vt.(使)承擔義務；(使)作出保證→___________adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的unfortunatelyfortunatelyfortuneguidanceguideadvertisingadvertiseadvertisementloyalloyaltycommitmentcommitcommitted1.Thefirealarmcausedapanic/worryinthetheatreandthecrowdfledinalldirections.2.Althoughmygrandpaisretired,heisveryenthusiastic/concernedaboutvolunteerwork.3.Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.4.Thesunwassinking/fallingbehindthemountainswhenwereachedthetop.5.Ittookhimalotofvigour/energytomovealltheitemsoffurnitureinsidethehouse.

2.Choosetheappropriatewordtocompleteeachsentence.panicworry1.Thefirealarmcausedapanic/worryinthetheatreandthecrowdfledinalldirections.2.Althoughmygrandpaisretired,heisveryenthusiastic/concernedaboutvolunteerwork.enthusiasticconcernedemployassign3.Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.sinkfallvigourenergy4.Thesunwassinking/fallingbehindthemountainswhenwereachedthetop.5.Ittookhimalotofvigour/energy

tomovealltheitemsoffurnitureinsidethehouse.abandonaboardassigncrewcupboardresolvesetoffsinkturn…downvoyageAfterseeingtheadvertisementinthenewspaper,PerceBlackborow_________tojointheAntarcticexpeditionledbySirErnestShackletonnomatterwhatchallengesmightlieahead.Unfortunately,hisapplication________________becausehewastooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.However,hemanagedtoget__________theEndurancewithhisfriend’shelp.Hehidina__________,butwassoondiscoveredandbroughttoShackleton.Althoughthecaptainwasangry,he__________theboythejobofcookingforthe__________.Their__________didnotgosmoothly,andtheEndurancebecamestuckintheice.BeforetheEndurancewascrushedand__________intothesea,Shackletongavetheorderto__________ship,andthecrewhadtocamponice.TheythensailedtoElephantIsland.Soonafterthat,Shackletonselectedaboatpartyand__________forSouthGeorgiaIslandtogethelp.

Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.resolvedwasturneddownaboardcupboardassignedcrewvoyagesanksetoffabandon

candidatecommitmentcrueldammotiveresolutionwageOnehundredyearsago,exploringtheAntarcticwasadangerousbusiness.Becauseofthe__________weatherandverylittleknowledgeofhowtosurviveintheAntarctic,thechancesofsuccesswerequiteslimandmanyexplorersdied.Thepeoplewhosignedupforsuchvoyageswerepaidlow__________andhadtotoleratepoorworkingconditionsandroughseas,alongwiththecoldand_________weather.Theyalsohadtohaveastrong____________tofinishwhattheyhadstartednomatterhowharditwas,greatpersonaldiscipline,andafirm__________totheothermembersoftheteam.Yet,many__________stillappliedtojoinsuchexplorations.Somemighthavewantedtobecomefamous.Otherswerelookingforrewards.However,the__________formanywastoexperienceagreatadventure.

Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.cruelwagesdampcommitmentresolutioncandidatesmotiveLANGUAGEPOINTS1．crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的(P40)LifewascrueltoOliverwhenhewasyoung.【翻譯】奧利弗年輕時，生活對他來說是殘酷的。(1)itiscrueltodosth.做某事是殘忍的、殘酷的becrueltosb.對某人殘酷(2)cruellyadv.殘酷地；非常地(3)crueltyn.殘酷；殘忍；殘酷的行為【用法詳解】[針對練習]選用cruel,cruelly或cruelty填空(1)Ican’tstandpeoplewhoare________toanimals.(2)So________isthemanthathenevershowsanymercytowhoeverisagainsthisopinion.(3)Theirbeautifuldreamwasbroken________.(4)Youwillanswerforyour________tothepeoplearoundyou.(5)Bothwere________tired,yetBeckysaidshethoughtshecouldgoalittlefarther.cruelcruelcruellycrueltycruelly2.thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細致的；考慮周到的【教材原句】p.40Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.這名官員被指派/受雇對該事件進行徹底調(diào)查。thoroughunderstanding透徹的了解 thoroughcleaning徹底的打掃thoroughdescription詳盡的描寫Igavetheradioathoroughinspectionbeforebuyingit.Hewasevenmorethoroughaboutreadingthearticle.【詞語積累】thoroughlyadv.非常；徹底；完全；仔細；縝密寫出句中thorough的含義（1）Thisverythoroughsurveygoesbackto1784.______________（2）Martinwouldbeagoodjudge，Ithought.Hewascalmandthorough._______（3）Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteandthoroughplan.________【完成句子】（4）Thepoliceofficersdecidedto_________（進行一次徹底的審查）ofthecase.（5）Wearetryingto____________（全面了解）ofthegovernment’sfinancialpolicy.徹底的細致的考慮周到的conductathoroughreview

getathoroughunderstanding3．a(chǎn)pplicationn.應用；申請；應用程序；敷用(P40)Unfortunately,hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewastooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.【翻譯】不幸的是，他的申請被拒絕了，因為他太年輕，不夠資格。Thecommitteecamedowninsupportofhisapplication.委員會決定并宣布支持他的申請。Sheappliedsomecreamtoherarmsbeforeshewentout.她出去前在胳膊上涂了些藥膏。SheappliedtotheinternationalschoolforajobasanEnglishteacher.(1)applyvt.應用；敷藥，涂抹vi.申請，適用；專心applyforsth.申請(得到)某物applytosb.forsth.向某人申請某物beappliedto適用于；應用于applysth.to…將某物涂抹于……beappliedto應用于applyoneselfto致力于(2)applicantn.申請人[針對練習]單句語法填空(1)Heslowedthebleedingby________(apply)pressuretothewoundsuntilthepoliceandambulancearrived.(2)Sofar,morethanonehundredpeoplehaveapplied________thisposition.(3)Thisnewmedicinecanbeappliedto________(treat)COVID-19．(4)Hisgrandfatherhasapplied________(he)toteachingallhislife.(5)Twenty____

____(apply)haveaskedforthisjob,soyouareluckytohavebeenadmitted.(6)Yououghttohandinyour_

_______bytheendofthismonthifyouwantthisjob.applyingfortreatinghimselfapplicantsapplication句式解讀1．(P41)ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.【翻譯】我肯定打了十幾次電話才在這里碰到你?！揪涫狡饰觥吭诰渲衜usthavetried表示對過去情況的推測，意為“一定試過了”，語氣非?？隙ā！練w納拓展】(1)“shouldhave＋過去分詞”表示過去該做而沒有做的事情。它含有責備的語氣。其中，should可換用oughtto(即oughttohave＋過去分詞)，意思不變。Youshould/oughttohavebeenherefiveminutesago.你應該在五分鐘之前到達這里的。(2)“couldhave＋過去分詞”表示過去本來能夠做但是沒有做成的事。Hecouldhavepassedtheentranceexaminationlastyear.他去年本來可以考上大學的。(3)“musthave＋過去分詞”表示過去一定做過某事，一種很有把握的推測，意為“一定”。注意：這個句型不可直接在must的后面加not構(gòu)成否定式。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨天晚上一定下過雨，因為地上是濕的。(4)“can’t/couldn’thave＋過去分詞”也用來表示對過去情況的推測，意為“不可能做過某事”。第(3)個句型的否定式要用本句型表示其否定意義。Itcan’thaverainedlastnight.昨天晚上不可能下了雨。(5)“may/mighthave＋過去分詞”表示對過去情況的一種不太有把握的推測，意為“或許/可能做過某事”。may的可能性又比might大些。Hehasn’tturnedupyet;hemay/mighthavebeenill.他還沒有來。他可能病了。[針對練習]完成句子(1)She__might/maynothaveheard_____thissong.她可能還沒有聽過這首歌。(2)Astherewassomuchnoise,wecouldn’thaveheard_whattheyweretalkingabout.由于有那么多的噪音，我們不可能聽見他們在談論什么。(3)Ishouldhavepaidenoughattentiontogramma