高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語（人教版）教師用書必修4Unit2Workingtheland

Unit2Workingtheland[話題單詞]1．providev. 提供2．lackv．&n. 缺少3．wastev. 浪費(fèi)4．remendv. 推薦5．declinev. 減少6．hitv. 產(chǎn)生不良影響7．protectionn. 保護(hù)8．energysavingadj. 節(jié)省能源的9．a(chǎn)nnualadj. 每年的10．severeadj. 嚴(yán)重的11．shortagen. 短缺12．crisisn. 危機(jī)13．ecologyn. 生態(tài)學(xué)14．outputn. 產(chǎn)量15．worsenvt. 使更糟[話題短語]1．dueto由于2．callon號(hào)召3．dealwith解決4．focuson集中于5．getridof去除，消除6．befacedwith面對(duì)7．beconcernedabout關(guān)心8．leadapoorlife過著貧窮的生活9．withthedevelopmentofeconomy隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展10．haveaneffect/influenceon...對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響11．improvetheenvironment改善環(huán)境12．watershortage用水短缺13．urbanandruralareas城鎮(zhèn)與農(nóng)村14．a(chǎn)welloffsociety小康社會(huì)15．onalargerscale大量地[話題佳句]1．Nowadaysmanycountriesarefacedwithfoodcrisis.現(xiàn)在有一些國家正面臨食品危機(jī)。2．Insomeareas，peoplearefightingforgettingridofstarvation.在一些地區(qū)，人們正為消除饑餓而斗爭(zhēng)。3．Theclimatewhichhasbeenchangedseriouslyhasagreateffectontheoutputofgrain.變化劇烈的氣候?qū)Z食的產(chǎn)量影響很大。4．Urbanizationwhichhasmadelotsoffertilefarmlandwastedisanotherreason.使大量肥沃土地被浪費(fèi)的城市化現(xiàn)象是另外一個(gè)原因。5．Therapidgrowthofpopulationandlimitedfarmlandarethemainreasonsforfoodcrisis.人口的快速增長和有限的耕地是食品危機(jī)的主要原因。6．Wemustbringinadvancedtechnologyandmodernizeourfarmingmethodtoimproveourgrainoutput.我們必須引進(jìn)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)同時(shí)使種植方法現(xiàn)代化，這樣才能提高糧食產(chǎn)量。[佳作背誦]高三年級(jí)舉辦了一次討論會(huì)，請(qǐng)你將活動(dòng)情況寫成一篇英文報(bào)道?；顒?dòng)時(shí)間上周五活動(dòng)地點(diǎn)學(xué)校報(bào)告廳討論主題未來會(huì)是怎樣的？參與對(duì)象高三年級(jí)學(xué)生討論內(nèi)容樂觀派未來隨著科技的發(fā)展，交通更方便；人類會(huì)過上更高質(zhì)量的生活，壽命更長。悲觀派未來自然資源更少，耕地更少；環(huán)境污染更嚴(yán)重；交通事故更多。學(xué)生感受當(dāng)務(wù)之急是采取措施保護(hù)自然資源，減少環(huán)境污染。[佳作欣賞]LastFriday，adiscussiononthetheme“Whatwillthefuturebelike？”washeldamongstudentsinSeniorThreeinthelecturehallofourschool.Somestudentsarequiteoptimistic，believingthatinthefuture，withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，transportationwillbemoreconvenientandhumanbeings，whoenjoyhigherqualityoflife，willlivemuchlonger.However，otherstudents，whoarealittlepessimistic，holdthatinthefutureasnaturalresourcesfurtherdecrease，farmlandwillbeeless.What’sworse，pollutionwillbemoreseriousandmoretrafficaccidentswillhappen.Afterthediscussion，werealizeweshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestoprotectnaturalresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpollution.一．高考單詞→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1．核心詞匯①strugglevi.&n.斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏②expandvt.&vi③exportvt.&vi④ridvt.擺脫；除去⑤reducevt.減少；減縮⑥focusn．焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)vt.集中；聚焦⑦mentn．評(píng)論；議論vi.&vt.表達(dá)意見；作出評(píng)論⑧equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備equipment⑨confusevt.使迷惑；使為難confusedadj.迷惑的confusingadj.令人困惑的⑩regretvt.遺憾；惋惜n．遺憾；懊悔regretfuladj.后悔的；遺憾的2．常考詞匯①thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而②decaden.十年；十年期③outputn.產(chǎn)量；輸出④skimvt.瀏覽；略讀⑤underlinevt.畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào)⑥battlen.戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；斗爭(zhēng)；較量vt.&vi⑦h(yuǎn)ungern.饑餓；欲望vt.&vi.(使hungryadj.饑餓的⑧disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的；disturbvt.打擾⑨circulatevt.&vicirculationn.循環(huán)；流傳⑩discoveryn．發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)?occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)occupyvt.占據(jù)；占領(lǐng)?chemicaladj.化學(xué)的；關(guān)于化學(xué)的n.化學(xué)藥品；chemistryn.化學(xué)；chemistn.化學(xué)家用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity(product)．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)2．Whatdoestheunderlined(underline)word“that”inParagraph3referto？(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)3．Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter，excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed，you’renottobedisturbed(disturb)．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)4．Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreduced(reduce)plantdiversityinthepark.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)5．Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipment(equip)withyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)6．Tohelpyoudothat，yourbrainincreasesyourhunger(hungry)fornewexperiences.(2016·北京卷)7．GeorgeVaillantisthepsychologist(心理學(xué)家)whomadethediscovery(discover)．(2016·天津卷)8．Mostofusaremorefocused(focus)onourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)9．Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessoftheharmfuleffectsofchemicals(chemistry)onhumans.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)10．Takingmelatonin(褪黑激素)drugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoare_struggling(struggle)tofallasleepatnight.(2016·四川卷)?“因此”家族①thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而②soconj.因此，所以③thusadv.因此，于是④consequentlyadv.所以，因此⑤asaresult結(jié)果，因此?后綴tion構(gòu)成的抽象名詞①addition增加，增加物②application請(qǐng)求，應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用③appreciation欣賞，鑒賞④celebration慶祝，典禮⑤bination結(jié)合⑥concentration集中，專心⑦conduction傳導(dǎo)⑧congratulation祝賀⑨consideration考慮，思考⑩construction建造，建筑?動(dòng)詞“擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)大”薈萃①extend延伸；擴(kuò)大②enlarge擴(kuò)大；放大③spread擴(kuò)展；蔓延；傳播④expand擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)張；膨脹⑤broaden使……變寬，擴(kuò)展⑥widen加寬，使張開，使擴(kuò)大?后綴dom構(gòu)成的名詞一覽①freedom自由②wisdom智慧③kingdom王國④filmdom電影界，電影業(yè)二．重點(diǎn)短語→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1．動(dòng)詞＋介詞/副詞①searchfor尋找；搜尋②turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于③focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于……④buildup逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)⑤leadto導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)⑥r(nóng)id...of使……擺脫或除去2．其他形式①wouldrather寧愿；寧可②thanksto幸虧；由于，因?yàn)棰踒esatisfiedwith對(duì)……感到滿意④withthehopeof懷有……的希望⑤keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影響、傷害等)；使……不含(有害物質(zhì))用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Theytriedagainandagainuntilallofuswere_satisfied.(2017·北京卷)2．Studyingbabies’playmaylead_toabetterunderstandingofscience.(2016·浙江卷)3．Usually，gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopicthatapersonwould_ratherkeepsecret.(2016·浙江卷)4．Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetakenoffthanks_tothefortableclimateforbusinesscreation.(2016·江蘇卷)5．Afterhavingtaughtfifthgradeclassesforfouryears，Idecidedtotryatallcoststoridthemoftheirfear.(2015·浙江卷)?“動(dòng)詞＋up”短語小結(jié)①eup上來，長出，出現(xiàn)②keepup保持③hurryup趕快④stayup挺住，熬夜⑤makeup構(gòu)成，組成，編造，彌補(bǔ)⑥speedup加快速度?“動(dòng)詞＋to”短語薈萃①leadto導(dǎo)致，通向②attendto處理，專心于，照料③addto增添④agreeto同意⑤eto蘇醒⑥r(nóng)eferto談到，涉及，參閱三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowtheseplants?如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？ifso意為“如果是這樣的話”，是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略形式。這個(gè)周日你有空嗎？如果有，我們?nèi)ヒ盃I吧。WillyoubefreethisSunday?If_so，let’sgocamping.2.In1973，hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。thefirst/last/best...＋n.＋todosth.“第一個(gè)/最后一個(gè)/最好的一個(gè)……做某事的人/物”。她總是第一個(gè)到辦公室最后一個(gè)離開，我猜這就是她那么快得到晉升的原因。Sheisalwaysthefirstpersonto_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave，whichIguessiswhysheispromotedsoquickly.3.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量?！癿akeit＋adj.＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。他的夢(mèng)想是奧運(yùn)會(huì)將使得各個(gè)國家和人民和平共處。HisdreamwasthattheOlympicGameswouldmake_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_livepeacefullysidebyside.4.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時(shí)間花在自己的愛好上。wouldratherdosth.“寧愿做……”?，F(xiàn)在越來越多的人寧愿不住在大城市里。Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplewould_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.strugglev．&n．奮斗，努力；斗爭(zhēng)，抗?fàn)?1)struggleagainst/withsb./sth.同……作斗爭(zhēng)；與……抗?fàn)巗truggle(withsb.)forsth.為爭(zhēng)取……而(與某人)作斗爭(zhēng)struggletodosth.艱難地做某事，掙扎著做某事struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來(2)withastruggle費(fèi)勁地Itisastruggleforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是一件艱難的事①(教材原句)Indeed，hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim，strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers，forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的確，他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身體，就跟其他千百萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。②Farmersalwayshavetostruggleforaliving.Theyoftenstruggleagainst/withthebadweatherforabetterharvest.Someofthemevenhavetoleavetheirhometownandgotoworkincities，struggling(struggle)toincreasetheirine.農(nóng)民一直都得為了生存而努力。他們經(jīng)常與惡劣的天氣斗爭(zhēng)來爭(zhēng)取好一點(diǎn)的收成。他們中的一些人甚至不得不離開家鄉(xiāng)到城市打工，努力地增加他們的收入。③(2016·北京卷)Becauseacollegemunity(群體)differsfromthefamily，manystudentswillstruggletofind(find)asenseofbelonging.因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)群體不同于家庭，很多學(xué)生要艱難地尋找一種歸屬感。④單句語法填空(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Wefoundthatin30mphzonestheystruggled(struggle)tokeepataconstantspeed.equipvt.&vi.裝備；配備(1)equip...with...用……裝備……beequippedwith裝備著……equip...forsth./todosth.為了……而裝備，使……能夠做某事bewell/poorlyequipped設(shè)備精良的/較差的(2)equipmentn．裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備①(教材原句)Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.因此，他資助幾百萬元供其他人進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。②(2016·北京卷)Thus，thesewellequipped(wellequip)peoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.這樣，這些裝備精良的人幸存了下來，因?yàn)樗麄兪亲罱】档?。③語境填詞Equipped(equip)withmuchknowledgeabouteducation，LiMingthoughtthetrainingcoursehad_equipped(equip)himforhisjob.Hewasappointedtoamiddleschool，whoseclassroomsandreadingroomwere_equipped(equip)withputersandothernecessaryequipment(equip)．Hewasgladtoseeallthisandwhenhesawthewellequipped(equip)laboratory，hefelthelikedtheschoolandwoulddoquitewellthere.④單句語法填空(2017·天津卷)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment(equip),allowingmorepatientstobetreated.confusevt.使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆(1)sth.confusesb.某事使某人困惑confuse...with/and...混淆；把……混同；辨別不清(2)confusedadj.困惑的，煩惱的(表示人的內(nèi)心感受)bee/getconfused困惑；不知所措beconfusedby被……弄混、糊涂beconfusedabout對(duì)……糊涂、不解(3)confusingadj.令人費(fèi)解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的狀態(tài))(4)confusionn．混亂；雜亂；困惑inconfusion處于混亂狀態(tài)(＝inamess)；困惑地①(教材原句)Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwewillconfusethestudents.把這個(gè)再解釋一遍很重要，否則我們就會(huì)使學(xué)生感到迷惑。②Confused(confuse)，Iglancedtowardmystonefacedteacher.我看了一眼板著臉的老師，內(nèi)心充滿了困惑。③Iwasgettingconfused(confuse)bysuchaconfusing(confuse)problem.我被這么困惑的問題搞得不知所措。regretvt.惋惜；后悔；遺憾n.遺憾；抱歉；懊悔(1)regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔做了某事regrettodosth.遺憾將要做某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that...遺憾地說(告知)……regret＋that從句遺憾……(2)withgreat/deepregret很遺憾toone’sregret讓某人感到遺憾的是havenoregrets沒有遺憾(3)regrettableadj.令人遺憾的，令人懊悔的①(教材原句)Hisfathersaysthathehasneverregrettedsendinghissontostudyabroad.他的父親說他從不后悔送他兒子到國外學(xué)習(xí)。②Ihavealwaysregrettednot_having_studied(notstudy)hardatschool.我一直后悔在校期間沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)。③Iregretted(regret)totellhimthathehadbeendismissed.Tomysurprise，hesaidtome，“Ihavenoregrets(regret)．Ionlyregrethaving_taken(take)thewrongjob.”我遺憾地告訴他他被解雇了。使我驚奇的是，他對(duì)我說：“我沒有什么遺憾。我唯一后悔的是選錯(cuò)了工作?！眆ocusvt.集中注意力；聚焦n.焦點(diǎn)，關(guān)注點(diǎn)，中心點(diǎn)(1)focuson...集中于……focusone’smind/attention/eyes/energyon....集中注意力/目光/精力于……focus/fix/concentrateone’sattentiononsth./doingsth.把注意力集中到某事/做某事payattentionto集中注意力于……(2)befocusedon/uponsth.＝befixedon集中于……(3)bring/throwofocus使某事物成為焦點(diǎn)(受到關(guān)注)thefocusofattention注意力的焦點(diǎn)①(教材原句)Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。②(2016·北京卷)Anxiousallthetime，Iwasunabletokeepfocused(focus)formorethananhouratatime.由于一直焦慮，所以我不能夠一次集中精力超過一個(gè)多小時(shí)。③Globalwarmingisthefocusofthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.Expertsfromdifferentcountrieswillfocusonapossiblesolutiontothisproblem.Infactmanyscientistsare_focusing(focus)theirattentionon/uponthisresearch.全球變暖是明天要舉行的會(huì)議的焦點(diǎn)。來自于不同國家的專家們將集中找到一個(gè)可能的辦法來解決這一問題。事實(shí)上很多科學(xué)家們正集中精力進(jìn)行這一研究。④單句語法填空(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Wewererespectfulofcraft(技藝)andfocused(focus)ondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.besatisfiedwith對(duì)……表示滿足或滿意(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(besatisfiedwith...,behappywith...,becontentwith...))對(duì)……滿意(2)besatisfiedtodo...對(duì)做……感到滿意(3)(much)toone’ssatisfaction＝tothesatisfactionofsb.使某人滿意的是(4)satisfyone’sneeds＝satisfytheneedsofsb.滿足某人的需求(5)satisfiedadj.滿意的①(教材原句)YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平很滿意自己的生活。②Fromhissatisfied(satisfy)lookIknowheis_satisfied(satisfy)toworkhere.從他滿意的神情可以看出，他很滿意在這里工作。③Muchtomysatisfaction(satisfy)，mybossagreedtomysuggestion.使我非常滿意的是老板同意了我的建議。buildup逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)buildsb./oneselfup增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)buildupone’shealth/body增進(jìn)健康buildupafame建立名聲buildon在……基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展；增(擴(kuò))建①(教材原句)Thesec