北京市東城區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題

東城區(qū)20232024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，共100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AsaveryimportantpartofMexico’secosystem,hummingbirdsnowfaceallsortsofseriousthreats.That’swhere73yearoldCatherineesin,who___1___mostofherfreetimecaringforthetinybirds.Catherine’sstoryasaselftaughthummingbirdnursebeganin2011.Shewaswalkingonthestreetonedaywhenshenoticeda(n)___2___hummingbirdthathadsufferedaseriouseyeinjury.___3___itwastakenhomebythekindheartedwoman,butsheknewnothingabouttakingcareofabird.However,afriend___4___hertolookafterit.“Thathummingbirdwrotemeanewlife,”Catherinesaid.Itwasaverydifficult___5___inherlife.Shehadjustlostherhusbandandsheherselfwasbattlingwithcanceratthattime.Itwasthehummingbirdthatmanagedtopullheroutofthesadnessandlonelinessthathad___6___herlife.Anditwasonlythebeginning.Wordofhersuccess___7___amongCatherine’sfriends,andbeforelongsomeofthembeganbringingherinjuredandabandonedhummingbirds.Sheneededtostudythebirdsandtheir___8___tobettertakecareofthem,andafter11yearsofexperience,the73yearoldwomanisconsideredanexpertonhummingbirdswhileherhomehasbeeknownasahummingbird___9___.Untilnow,Catherinehasrescuedhundredsofhummingbirds.After____10____thebirdsbacktohealth,shereleasestheminawoodedareaonthesouthsideofMexicoCity.1.A.gains B.spends C.misses D.wastes2.A.ugly B.scary C.dangerous D.desperate3.A.Surprisingly B.Fortunately C.Accidentally D.Secretly4.A.allowed B.manded C.encouraged D.reminded5.A.task B.decision C.moment D.goal6.A.takenover B.reliedon C.turneddown D.gonethrough7.A.existed B.spread C.occurred D.changed8.A.values B.legends C.numbers D.habits9.A.shop B.park C.hospital D.museum10.A.nursing B.guiding C.moving D.feeding【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.C6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。73歲的Catherine從2011年開(kāi)始自學(xué)照顧蜂鳥(niǎo)。一次她救了一只受傷的蜂鳥(niǎo)，這不僅幫助她走出喪夫和抗癌的悲痛，還激發(fā)了她照顧更多蜂鳥(niǎo)的熱情。迄今為止，她已救助了數(shù)百只蜂鳥(niǎo)，并將康復(fù)的蜂鳥(niǎo)放生到墨西哥城南部的森林區(qū)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這時(shí)，73歲的Catherine出現(xiàn)了，她把大部分空閑時(shí)間都用來(lái)照顧這些小鳥(niǎo)。A.gains獲得；B.spends花費(fèi)；C.misses錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.wastes浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)后文“after11yearsofexperience,the73yearoldwomanisconsideredanexpertonhummingbirds”可知她花費(fèi)自己很多的閑暇時(shí)間照顧蜂鳥(niǎo)，且spendtimedoing是固定搭配。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，她走在街上，發(fā)現(xiàn)一只絕望的蜂鳥(niǎo)眼睛受了重傷。A.ugly丑陋的；B.scary嚇人的；C.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；D.desperate絕望的。根據(jù)后文“hadsufferedaseriouseyeinjury”可知這里表示蜂鳥(niǎo)因受傷而感到絕望。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這只蜂鳥(niǎo)被一位好心的婦女帶回了家，但她對(duì)照顧鳥(niǎo)類一無(wú)所知。A.Surprisingly令人驚訝地；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Secretly秘密地。根據(jù)后文“itwastakenhomebythekindheartedwoman”可知被熱心的女人帶回家是幸運(yùn)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析句意：然而一個(gè)朋友鼓勵(lì)她來(lái)照顧它。A.allowed允許；B.manded命令；C.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)前文“butsheknewnothingabouttakingcareofabird.”以及轉(zhuǎn)折詞however可知，朋友鼓勵(lì)她來(lái)照顧蜂鳥(niǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是她生命中非常艱難的時(shí)刻。A.task任務(wù)；B.decision決定；C.moment時(shí)刻；D.goal目標(biāo)。根據(jù)后文“Shehadjustlostherhusbandandsheherselfwasbattlingwithcanceratthattime.”可知失去丈夫并且和癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)是很艱難的時(shí)刻。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：是蜂鳥(niǎo)把她從悲傷和孤獨(dú)的生活中拉了出來(lái)。A.takenover接管；B.reliedon依賴；C.turneddown拒絕；D.gonethrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)前文“Itwasthehummingbirdthatmanagedtopullheroutofthesadnessandloneliness”可知蜂鳥(niǎo)把她從悲傷和孤獨(dú)的生活中拉了出來(lái)，改變了她的生活，進(jìn)而引申為新生活接管了原來(lái)艱難的生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的成功在Catherine的朋友中傳開(kāi)了，不久，一些朋友開(kāi)始把受傷和被遺棄的蜂鳥(niǎo)帶給她。A.existed存在；B.spread傳播；C.occurred發(fā)生；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“someofthembeganbringingherinjuredandabandonedhummingbirds”可知一些朋友知道了她照顧蜂鳥(niǎo)的消息，可推知是這個(gè)消息在朋友中傳開(kāi)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她需要研究蜂鳥(niǎo)和它們的習(xí)性，以便更好地照顧它們。A.values價(jià)值；B.legends傳說(shuō)；C.numbers數(shù)量；D.habits習(xí)慣。根據(jù)后文“the73yearoldwomanisconsideredanexpertonhummingbirds”可知她成為了研究蜂鳥(niǎo)的專家，說(shuō)明她對(duì)蜂鳥(niǎo)的習(xí)性很了解。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)11年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累，這位73歲的老人被認(rèn)為是蜂鳥(niǎo)專家，而她的家也成了著名的蜂鳥(niǎo)醫(yī)院。A.shop商店；B.park公園；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.museum博物館。根據(jù)后文“Catherinehasrescuedhundredsofhummingbirds.”可知她在家里救治蜂鳥(niǎo)，而救治是醫(yī)院的功能。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在將這些蜂鳥(niǎo)護(hù)理得恢復(fù)健康后，她將它們放飛到墨西哥城南邊的一片樹(shù)林中。A.nursing護(hù)理；B.guiding引導(dǎo)；C.moving移動(dòng)；D.feeding喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“However,afriendhertolookafterit.”可知她照顧受傷的蜂鳥(niǎo)，護(hù)理至健康后放飛到樹(shù)林中。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Starbrookhasbeenakeenswimmerforalmost80years,eversincehe____11____(leave)schoolattheendofWorldWarII.Asayoungman,heracedbutterflyatthenationalswimmingchampionships.Hedidn’twinanything,____12____hehadalotoffunandneverlosthisloveofthewater.Whenheturned80,hecelebratedbyswimmingamileorsoacrosstheGulfofCorryvreckan.Hestillswimsthreetimesaweek,whichis____13____keepshimhealthyandactive.【答案】11.left12.but13.what【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Starbrook游泳近80年，二戰(zhàn)后開(kāi)始。年輕時(shí)參加蝶泳比賽。80歲時(shí)橫渡科里夫雷肯灣。現(xiàn)每周游三次，保持健康。【11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束離開(kāi)學(xué)校以來(lái)，斯塔布魯克熱衷游泳已有近80年的歷史。主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填left?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：雖然他沒(méi)有贏得任何比賽，但他玩得很開(kāi)心，而且從未失去對(duì)水的熱愛(ài)。前句Hedidn’twinanything與后句hehadalotoffunandneverlosthisloveofthewater之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but連接兩個(gè)句子。故填but?！?3題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：他仍然每周游泳三次，這使他保持健康和活力。從句位于be動(dòng)詞is后，這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)。同時(shí)which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，句子作主語(yǔ)，因此使用what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。故填what。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mostofusassumethatmorewatermeansa____14____(good)shower.Butthat’snottrue.Today’shighpressureshowerheads____15____(design)todeliverthesameexperiencethatoncerequiredthreetimesasmanygallonsperminute.Andbecausetheyprovideastrongstreamofwater,theymightalsoencourageyoutoturnoffthetapsooner,____16____(save)evenmorewater,arecentU.K.studysuggests.【答案】14.better15.aredesigned16.saving【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了高壓淋浴頭的作用。【14題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：我們大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為更多的水意味著更好的淋浴。根據(jù)句中的“morewater”可知，這里表示比較，指的是更好的淋浴，應(yīng)用good的比較級(jí)better。故填better。【15題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：今天的高壓淋浴頭被設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)提供曾經(jīng)每分鐘需要三倍加侖水的相同體驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句中的Today可知，這里陳述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)highpressureshowerheads和design之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且主語(yǔ)表示復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填aredesigned。【16題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：英國(guó)最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，由于它們能提供強(qiáng)勁的水流，它們還可能鼓勵(lì)你更快地關(guān)閉水龍頭，從而節(jié)省更多的水。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)完整，且空處和前面部分沒(méi)有連詞連接，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意可知，這里表示更快關(guān)閉水龍頭的結(jié)果是節(jié)省水，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填saving。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。IncitieslikeSuzhouandHangzhou,____17____beautifullandscapesmeetrichculturalheritage,thetrendofwearinghanfuforphotosandsocialmediacheckinsisontherise.NewChinesestyleisbeingapopulareverydaychoice____18____(accept)byyoungpeople,whoareincreasinglyadoptingthisstyleacrossvariousaspectsoftheirlives.The____19____(bine)oftraditionalChineseelementswithmoderndesignisoftenreferredto____20____xinzhongshi,orthe“newChinesestyle”,whichhasbeengainingpopularitybothinproductsandactivities.【答案】17.where18.accepted19.bination20.as【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了新中式在中國(guó)的流行?！?7題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在風(fēng)景秀麗、文化底蘊(yùn)深厚的蘇州和杭州等城市，穿著漢服拍照和社交媒體打卡的趨勢(shì)正在上升。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為cities，表示地點(diǎn)，且空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故填where?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：新中式風(fēng)格正成為年輕人接受的一種流行的日常選擇，他們?cè)絹?lái)越多地在生活的各個(gè)方面采用這種風(fēng)格。本句的謂語(yǔ)部分是isbeing，所以空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語(yǔ)apopulareverydaychoice和accept之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填accepted?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)元素與現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)合通常被稱為“新中式”（newChinesestyle），在產(chǎn)品和活動(dòng)中都越來(lái)越受歡迎?？涨坝蠺he，所以空處應(yīng)用名詞，在句中作主語(yǔ)。bination意為“結(jié)合”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填bination。【20題詳解】考查介詞。句意參考上題。referto...as...意為“將……稱為……”，為固定搭配，此處為被動(dòng)表達(dá)。故填as。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A5DaySilkRoadTourfromChinatoCentralAsiaDay1Turpan,ChinaStartyourtripinTurpanbyvisitingtheKarezWellSystemanddiscovertheancientundergroundirrigationchannels,whicharestillmaintainedandfunctioningtoday.Fortherestoftheday,youwillvisitandstayatalocalfamilyrunvineyard,whereyoucanwalkaroundthefarmandtalktothelocalpeopletolearnabouttheirdailylifestyle.Day2Urumqi,ChinaAfterbreakfast,youwillbedrivenfromTurpantoUrumqi,theprovincialcapitalofXinjiang.Afterlunch,it’stimetovisitXinjiangMuseum,whereavarietyofartworks,handmadecrafts,andrelicsareondisplay.BeforeflyingtoKashgar,youwillhavesometimetostrollaroundandshopattheErdaoqiaoMarket,thebiggestbazaarinXinjiangsellingvariousgoods.Day3Kashgar,ChinaYouwillspendarelaxingdayinKashgar,startingwithvisitingtheHandicraftsStreet,whereyoucanpurchaseanamazingrangeofhandicrafts,includingcopper,metal,andporcelain.Then,haveabreakatanancientteahouseandjoininwiththelocalpeople’sconversationsanddancing.Lastly,haveagoodnightsleeptogetreadyfortheupingroadtriptoOsh.Day4Osh,KyrgyzstanOshisthesecondlargestcityinKyrgyzstan.Here,youwillvisittheNationalHistoricalandArchaeologicalMuseumplexandenjoycollectionsofartifacts,handicrafts,andsculptures.Afterwards,youwillvisitJaymaBazaar,thelargestmarketinCentralAsia,whichhasahistorydatingbacktotheancientSilkRoadperiod.Ifyouareinterestedinsilk,youcanaskyourguidetotakeyoutoYodgorlikSilkFactory,whichhaspreservedamanualmethodofsilkproduction.Day5Ashgabat,TurkmenistanAfteracozymorningtrainride,youwillarriveinAshgabat,thecapitalofTurkmenistan.Let’sspendthedayvisitingtheParthianFortressesofNisa,oneoftheearliestandmostimportantcitiesoftheParthianEmpire.YouwillreturntothecityfordinnerandtakeanighttripattheAshgabatNationalMuseumofHistory.21.Onwhichdaycanatouristhaveateatastingexperience?A.Day1. B.Day2. C.Day3. D.Day4.22.WhatdoesthetourinUrumqiandOshhaveinmon?A.Stayingatalocalfarm. B.Shoppingatamarket.C.Visitinganancientcity. D.Dancingwithlocalpeople.23.Wherecanatouristvisitamuseumintheevening?A.Turpan. B.Kashgar. C.Osh. D.Ashgabat.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是中國(guó)至中亞絲綢之路五日游的行程安排?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day3Kashgar,China部分中的“Then,haveabreakatanancientteahouseandjoininwiththelocalpeople’sconversationsanddancing.(然后，在一個(gè)古老的茶館休息一下，加入當(dāng)?shù)厝说恼勗捄吞琛?”可知，第三天在喀什的時(shí)候，會(huì)在一家古老的茶館休息，與當(dāng)?shù)厝苏勗捥瑁纱丝芍?，第三天游客們可能有品茶體驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day2Urumqi,China部分中的“BeforeflyingtoKashgar,youwillhavesometimetostrollaroundandshopattheErdaoqiaoMarket,thebiggestbazaarinXinjiangsellingvariousgoods.(在飛往喀什之前，您將有時(shí)間在二道橋市場(chǎng)逛一逛，這里是新疆最大的集市，出售各種各樣的商品。)”可知，在去喀什前可以去二道橋市場(chǎng)逛一逛，結(jié)合Day4Osh,Kyrgyzstan部分中的“Afterwards,youwillvisitJaymaBazaar,thelargestmarketinCentralAsia,whichhasahistorydatingbacktotheancientSilkRoadperiod.(之后，您將參觀中亞最大的市場(chǎng)杰瑪集市，其歷史可以追溯到古絲綢之路時(shí)期。)”可知，在吉爾吉斯斯坦的奧什，你可以去中亞最大的市場(chǎng)杰瑪集市參觀，綜合以上信息可知，這兩天的旅行的共同之處在于可以在市場(chǎng)購(gòu)物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day5Ashgabat,Turkmenistan部分中的“YouwillreturntothecityfordinnerandtakeanighttripattheAshgabatNationalMuseumofHistory.(您將返回市區(qū)享用晚餐，并在阿什哈巴德國(guó)家歷史博物館過(guò)夜。)”可知，在土庫(kù)曼斯坦的阿什哈巴德可以享用晚餐后，在阿什哈巴德國(guó)家歷史博物館過(guò)夜，由此可知，游客可以在阿什哈巴德國(guó)晚上參觀博物館。故選D項(xiàng)。BBythetimeAlexSanburnwas13,hewaswellonhiswaytobeingaworkingartist.Hehadalreadyhadhisfirstshowatalocalartscentre.Yethewantedmorespecificallytostartshowinghisworkinajuriedexhibition,whereartexpertswouldevaluateandselectpiecesinapetitivereviewprocess.That’swhenhehitabarrier,discoveringintheverylastlineofamultipageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.Thatrejectionbecameadriverforcreation.“Therewasagapintheartworld,andIthoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysAlex,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,AlexrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,amercialstudioonlyforunderageartists.Thegallerychargesasmallhangingfeeforanydisplayedworkandtakesa15percentmissionfeeonsales.Inturn,LittleEGGhelpspromoteyoungtalentbyshowcasingtheirwork.Notlongaftertheopening,HenryCameron,aprofessorandartist,happeneduponthegallerywhilewalkinginhisneighbourhood.Anexhibitionwasbeinginstalledatthetime,andsomeofAlex’sownworkwasonthewalls.Aconnectionwasformed,andAlexaskedHenrytohelpjudgeanupingpetition.Thefirstjuriedshowwaslastspring,andthetopthreewinnerseachreceiveda$50cashprize.GivenhowbusyAlexiswithschool,lifeandhisownart,LittleEGGismostlyopenbyappointmentonly,buthe’sstilldevotedtogrowingthegallerywithseasonalandthemedshowsscheduledafewtimesayear.LeoSmith,a17yearoldartistfromTorontosaysit’sabouttimethatavenuelikeLittleEGGexisted.“Asyoungartists,wedon’tgetasmuchcreditasIthinkwe’redue,andwealsodon’tgetmanyopportunitiestoshowcasetheamountofworkweputintotheart.”24.WhathappenedwhenAlexwas13?A.Hewasrejectedbyajuriedexhibition. B.Hemissedthedeadlineforsubmission.C.Hehadhisfirstshowatalocalartclub. D.Hebecameaworkingartistsuccessfully.25.WhatdoweknowaboutLittleEGG?A.Itisfreeofcharge. B.Itisopenonweekdays.C.Itisaimedatyoungtalents. D.Itholdspetitionsregularly.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAlex?A.Ambitiousandcreative. B.Loyalanddetermined.C.Modestandsympathetic. D.Honestandhardworking.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Artconnectspeopleworldwide. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Failurescandrivepositivechange. D.Chancefavoursthepreparedmind.【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是13歲的小藝術(shù)家Alex申請(qǐng)參加在一個(gè)評(píng)審展覽時(shí)因年齡小被拒絕，于是他創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家提供展示機(jī)會(huì)的畫(huà)廊LittleEGG。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“Yethewantedmorespecificallytostartshowinghisworkinajuriedexhibition,whereartexpertswouldevaluateandselectpiecesinapetitivereviewprocess.That’swhenhehitabarrier,discoveringintheverylastlineofamultipageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(然而，他更具體地希望開(kāi)始在一個(gè)評(píng)審展覽中展示他的作品，在那里，藝術(shù)專家將在一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的評(píng)審過(guò)程中評(píng)估和選擇作品。就在這時(shí)，他遇到了障礙，在一份多頁(yè)申請(qǐng)的最后一行，他發(fā)現(xiàn)提交申請(qǐng)的最低年齡是18歲。)”可知，在他想在一個(gè)評(píng)審展覽中展示他的作品時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)提交申請(qǐng)的最低年齡是18歲；由此可知，在13歲時(shí)他遭到了一次評(píng)審展覽的拒絕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Withthesupportofhisparents,AlexrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,amercialstudioonlyforunderageartists.(在父母的支持下，Alex租了一個(gè)店面，成立了LittleEGG畫(huà)廊，這是一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室。)”可知，LittleEGG畫(huà)廊是一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)始的商業(yè)工作室，由此可知，LittleEGG畫(huà)廊的目標(biāo)是年輕的人才。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thatrejectionbecameadriverforcreation.“Therewasagapintheartworld,andIthoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysAlex,now15.(這種拒絕成為了創(chuàng)造的動(dòng)力。現(xiàn)年15歲的Alex說(shuō)：‘藝術(shù)界有一個(gè)空白，我想如果我能給更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機(jī)會(huì)，那就太酷了。’)”可知，13歲的Alex再被拒絕后，他認(rèn)為能給更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機(jī)會(huì)是件很酷的事情，結(jié)合第三段中的“Withthesupportofhisparents,AlexrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,amercialstudioonlyforunderageartists.(在父母的支持下，Alex租了一個(gè)店面，成立了LittleEGG畫(huà)廊，這是一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室。)”可知，他成立了一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室；綜合以上信息可知，Alex是一個(gè)有抱負(fù)和富有創(chuàng)新精神的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“That’swhenhehitabarrier,discoveringintheverylastlineofamultipageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(就在這時(shí)，他遇到了障礙，在一份多頁(yè)申請(qǐng)的最后一行，他發(fā)現(xiàn)提交申請(qǐng)的最低年齡是18歲。)”可知，Alex想在一個(gè)評(píng)審展覽中展示他的作品時(shí)，他遭到了拒絕；根據(jù)第三段中的“Thatrejectionbecameadriverforcreation.“Therewasagapintheartworld,andIthoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysAlex,now15.(這種拒絕成為了創(chuàng)造的動(dòng)力?，F(xiàn)年15歲的Alex說(shuō)：‘藝術(shù)界有一個(gè)空白，我想如果我能給更多的年輕藝術(shù)家提供機(jī)會(huì)，那就太酷了。’)”可知，這次拒絕成為了他創(chuàng)造的動(dòng)力；根據(jù)第三段中的“Withthesupportofhisparents,AlexrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,amercialstudioonlyforunderageartists.(在父母的支持下，Alex租了一個(gè)店面，成立了LittleEGG畫(huà)廊，這是一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室。)”可知，他成立了一個(gè)專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室；綜合以上信息可知，Alex在失敗后而成立了專門(mén)為未成年藝術(shù)家開(kāi)設(shè)的商業(yè)工作室，所以，從該故事中可以學(xué)到的是失敗可以帶來(lái)積極的改變。故選C項(xiàng)。CInanewstudy,researchershaveunveiledinterestingfindingsthatlinktheconsumptionofrefinedcarbohydratessuchassugarysnacksandhighlyprocessedfoodswithchangesinfacialattractiveness.Theyfoundthatindividualswhoconsumedahighglycemic(血糖的)loadbreakfastwereratedaslessattractivethanthosewhoconsumedalowone.104participantswereaskedtoattendthestudyearlyinthemorningonanemptystomach.Uponarrival,theywereassignedtoconsumeoneoftwotypesofbreakfastshavingthesamecaloricvalues:onehighinrefinedcarbohydratesandtheotherlow.Abouttwohourslater,theywerephotographedunderstandardizedconditionstoensureconsistencyinlighting,background,andpositioning.Aseparategroupofraters,whowerecarefullyselectedtominimizeculturalbias(偏見(jiàn)),assessedthefacialphotographs,makingjudgmentsonoverallattractiveness.Toevaluatelongtermdietaryhabits,theparticipantspleteddetaileddietaryquestionnairesconcerningtheirconsumptionduringbreakfast,afternoonsnacks,andbetweenmealsnacksonthedaybeforethestudy.Thisinformationwasusedtocalculatetheglycemicloadandenergyintakeforthesemeals,providingaprehensivepictureoftheirusualrefinedcarbohydrateconsumption.Theresearchersfoundthatparticipantswhoconsumedabreakfastrichinrefinedcarbohydrateswerelessattractivethanthosewhoconsumedalowglycemicbreakfast.Thiseffectwasobservedforbothmaleandfemaleparticipants.Theresearchersproposedthatthiscouldberelatedtothephysiologicaleffectsoflowbloodsugar,suchaschangesinskinbloodflowandcolour,whichoccurfollowingtheconsumptionofhighglycemicfoods.Whenexamininglongtermconsumptionofrefinedcarbohydratesthroughglycemicloadmeasures,theresearchersfoundthatahigherenergyintakeatbreakfastwasassociatedwithincreasedattractivenessforbothmenandwomen,suggestingthatfoodshighinfatsandproteins,whichdonotleadtorapidglycemicresponses,mightcontributepositivelytoperceivedattractiveness.However,theeffectsofrefinedcarbohydrateconsumptiononattractivenessvarieddependingonthespecificmealandthegenderoftheparticipants.Forexample,whilehighenergyintakeatbreakfastincreasedattractivenessacrossbothgenders,theglycemicloadofafternoonsnackshadoppositeeffectsformenandwomen.Menwithahigherglycemicloadduringtheirafternoonsnackwereperceivedasmoreattractive,butforwomen,alowerglycemicloadinthismealwasassociatedwithincreasedattractiveness.Whilethestudyincludessomelimitations,thefindingsserveasastrongreminderofthefarreachingimpactofdietarychoices.Furtherresearchisneededtounderstandthebroadersocialimplicationsofdiet,whichcouldprovidevaluableinsightsintotheplexinterplaybetweendiet,biology,andsocialbehaviour.28.WhatareParagraph2and3mainlyabout?A.Theresearchpurpose. B.Theresearchmethods.C.Theresearchproposal. D.Theresearchbackground.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchfindings?A.Sharpglycemicreactionsmightreduceattractiveness.B.Lowbloodsugarcouldimpactattractivenesspositively.C.Menwerelessaffectedbyrefinedcarbohydrateconsumption.D.Highenergyintakeatmealshadinconsistenteffectsonwomen.30.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Toexplainafoodpreference. B.Toillustrateabiologicalprocess.C.Topresentadietaryphenomenon. D.Toexploreaplexassociation.【答案】28.B29.A30.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，攝入精制碳水化合物如甜食和高度加工食品會(huì)影響面部吸引力。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Uponarrival,theywereassignedtoconsumeoneoftwotypesofbreakfastshavingthesamecaloricvalues:onehighinrefinedcarbohydratesandtheotherlow.”（到達(dá)目的地后，他們被分配食用兩種熱量相同的早餐中的一種：一種是高精制碳水化合物早餐，另一種是低精制碳水化合物早餐。）以及第三段中“Toevaluatelongtermdietaryhabits,theparticipantspleteddetaileddietaryquestionnairesconcerningtheirconsumptionduringbreakfast,afternoonsnacks,andbetweenmealsnacksonthedaybeforethestudy.”（為了評(píng)估長(zhǎng)期飲食習(xí)慣，參與者填寫(xiě)了詳細(xì)的飲食調(diào)查問(wèn)卷，內(nèi)容涉及研究前一天早餐、下午點(diǎn)心和兩餐之間點(diǎn)心的食用情況。）可知第二段和第三段主要說(shuō)的是研究方法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“theresearchersfoundthatahigherenergyintakeatbreakfastwasassociatedwithincreasedattractivenessforbothmenandwomen,suggestingthatfoodshighinfatsandproteins,whichdonotleadtorapidglycemicresponses,mightcontributepositivelytoperceivedattractiveness(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)早餐時(shí)攝入更多的能量與男性和女性的吸引力增加有關(guān)，這表明富含脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)的食物，不會(huì)導(dǎo)致快速的血糖反應(yīng)，可能對(duì)感知吸引力有積極的貢獻(xiàn))”可知，富含脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)的食物，不會(huì)導(dǎo)致快速的血糖反應(yīng)，可能對(duì)感知吸引力有積極的貢獻(xiàn)，由此推知?jiǎng)×业难欠磻?yīng)可能會(huì)降低吸引力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inanewstudy,researchershaveunveiledinterestingfindingsthatlinktheconsumptionofrefinedcarbohydratessuchassugarysnacksandhighlyprocessedfoodswithchangesinfacialattractiveness.

”（在一項(xiàng)新的研究中，研究人員公布了一項(xiàng)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)，即精制碳水化合物的攝入與面部吸引力的變化有關(guān)。）可知，這個(gè)研究的目的是為了探索精制碳水化合物的攝入與面部吸引力的變化之間復(fù)雜的關(guān)聯(lián)。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhenclimateactivistsgluedthemselvestotheframeofacopyofTheLastSupperatLondon’sRoyalAcademyofArts,theyreceivedafairlysympathetichearing.“Nopaintingisworthmorethanmysixmontholdnephew’slife,”saidaprotester,criticizingtheBritishgovernment’ssupportofthefossilfuelindustryduringtheurgentclimatecrisis.ButwhenprotestersthrewtomatosoupatVanGogh’sSunflowers,andmashedpotatoesatHaystacksbyMonet—thecensurerose.“Absolutelyabsurd,”saidthecultureministerofFrance.“Wehavebeendeeplyshakenbytheirriskyendangerment,”readastatementfromtheInternationalCouncilofMuseums.Theprotestersaretargetingworksthatareprotectedbehindglass—atleastfornow—soactualdamagehasbeenminimal.Andperhapstheangergreetingtheiractsprovestheirpoint:thatpeoplecaremoreaboutthethreateneddestructionofapaintingthantheactualdestructionoftheplanet.Butastheattackswearon,andtheirimpactdecreases,theyriskchangingintoajoke.What’sespeciallymisguidedabouttheprotestsistheirbinarynature.“Whatisworthmore,artorlife?”aprotesterasked.Whychoose?“It’spossibletoblamebothenvironmentalvandalism(蓄意破壞)andculturalvandalismatthesametime,”MarkPasnik,chairoftheBostonArtmission,said.Artisnottheproblemhere.Infact,contemporaryartistsaremakingquiteeffectiveworksabouttheclimatecrisis,preciselyusingartasactivism.MayaLin’sGhostForest,aclimatechangememorialshecreatedinaNewYorkCitypark,isonlyoneexample.“Ibelievethatartcanhelpusimagineandmapsustainablefuturescenarios(設(shè)想),and,indoingso,givepeopleawaytoseeandhopeforadifferentfuture,”Linsaid.Theclimateactivistsaresurelycorrectthatthepaceofreformisfartooslow,astheplanetburnsanddeadlystormsintensify.Buttheycasuallydismissthesincereeffortsofmillionsofpeopleworkingontheissue.ItwouldbeeasiertorespecttheyoungprotestersatJustStopOil,LastGeneration,andtherestofthesplashgroupsiftheyweretospendtheirtimeandenergyontheunexcitingbutessentialpoliticalworkaroundclimatechange:legislation,regulation,andwinningheartsandminds.Perhapspredictably,thedebatescausedbytheprotestshavenotbeenaboutclimatechange,butabouttheproteststhemselves.Givenhowlittlethey’vedonetogenerateseriousdiscussionorengagepeopletothecause,theartattacksseemlesslikevitalactsoflawbreakingthanmeretheatre.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“censure”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Approval. B.Criticism. C.Stress. D.Spirits.32.Whichideacanhelpexplainclimateactivists’action?A.Theendjustifiesthemeans.B.Artspeakswherewordsfail.C.Thefreedomofprotestshouldbeprotected.D.Artmattersinthefightagainstclimatecrisis.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thesolutiontoclimatecrisisliesinmunication.B.Galleriesshouldstrengthenregulationsliketheatres.C.Climateactivistsshoulddiversifytheirstrategies.D.Artattacksaremainlyaboutseekingattention.34.Theauthorwritesthepassageto________.Alaunchacampaign B.assessadebate C.proposeasolution D.challengeapractice【答案】31.B32.A33.D34.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，討論了氣候活動(dòng)家通過(guò)攻擊藝術(shù)品來(lái)抗議氣候變化的行為，以及這種行為的效果和影響。【31題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“ButwhenprotestersthrewtomatosoupatVanGogh’sSunflowers,andmashedpotatoesatHaystacksbyMonet—thecensurerose(但當(dāng)抗議者向梵高的《向日葵》扔番茄湯，向莫奈的《干草堆》扔土豆泥時(shí)，censure高漲)”可知，當(dāng)抗議者向名畫(huà)投擲食物時(shí)，引起了人們的強(qiáng)烈反應(yīng)，這里“censure”指的是對(duì)這種行為的批評(píng)和指責(zé)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Andperhapstheangergreetingtheiractsprovestheirpoint:thatpeoplecaremoreaboutthethreateneddestructionofapaintingthantheactualdestructionoftheplanet.(也許人們對(duì)他們的行為感到憤怒，這證明了他們的觀點(diǎn)：人們更關(guān)心畫(huà)作受到威脅的破壞，而不是地球?qū)嶋H上的破壞)”可知，氣候活動(dòng)家的激進(jìn)行為是為了證明他們的觀點(diǎn)（即人們更關(guān)心藝術(shù)品的潛在破壞，而不是地球的實(shí)際破壞），這讓普通群眾對(duì)此感到憤怒，可得出氣候活動(dòng)家的行動(dòng)表明了A項(xiàng)“為了正當(dāng)目的可以不擇手段”，故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Givenhowlittlethey’vedonetogenerateseriousdiscussionorengagepeopletothecause,theartattacksseemlesslikevitalactsoflawbreakingthanmeretheatre.(考慮到他們?cè)谝l(fā)嚴(yán)肅討論或吸引人們關(guān)注這一事業(yè)方面所做的努力微乎其微，藝術(shù)攻擊似乎更像是戲劇表演，而不是至關(guān)重要的違法行為)”可知，作者認(rèn)為氣候活動(dòng)家的藝術(shù)攻擊行為更像是為了吸引注意力，而不是為了真正解決氣候危機(jī)，故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenclimateactivistsgluedthemselvestotheframeofacopyofTheLastSupperatLondon’sRoyalAcademyofArts,theyreceivedafairlysympathetichearing.“Nopaintingisworthmorethanmysixmontholdnephew’slife,”saidaprotester,criticizingtheBritishgovernment’ssupportofthefossilfuelindustryduringtheurgentclimatecrisis.(當(dāng)氣候活動(dòng)人士將自己粘在倫敦皇家藝術(shù)學(xué)院一幅《最后的晚餐》復(fù)制品的框架上時(shí)，他們得到了相當(dāng)同情的回應(yīng)?！皼](méi)有任何畫(huà)作比我六個(gè)月大的侄子的生命更重要，”一名抗議者在批評(píng)英國(guó)政府在緊迫的氣候危機(jī)中支持化石燃料產(chǎn)業(yè)時(shí)說(shuō))”、第二段“Wehavebeendeeplyshakenbytheirriskyendangerment(我們被他們的危險(xiǎn)行為深深震驚了)”、第五段“Infact,contemporaryartistsaremakingquiteeffectiveworksabouttheclimatecrisis,preciselyusingartasactivism.(其實(shí)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家們正在用藝術(shù)作為行動(dòng)主義的方式，創(chuàng)作出關(guān)于氣候危機(jī)的相當(dāng)有效的作品)”以及最后一段“Givenhowlittlethey’vedonetogenerateseriousdiscussionorengagepeopletothecause,theartattacksseemlesslikevitalactsoflawbreakingthanmeretheatre.(考慮到他們?cè)谝l(fā)嚴(yán)肅討論或吸引人們關(guān)注這一事業(yè)方面所做的努力微乎其微，藝術(shù)攻擊似乎更像是戲劇表演，而不是至關(guān)重要的違法行為)”可知，本文討論了氣候活動(dòng)家通過(guò)攻擊藝術(shù)品來(lái)抗議氣候變化的行為，以及這種行為的效果和影響，并對(duì)這種行為提出了質(zhì)疑，認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該采取更有效的方式來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)。因此，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是質(zhì)疑和挑戰(zhàn)這種實(shí)踐，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foodhasalwaysbeenauniversallanguagethatbringspeopletogether.Ithasthepowertobridgeculturalgapsandfosterunderstandingbetweennations.____35____Actually,culinarydiplomacyisnotanewconcept.Ithasbeenpracticedforcenturies,withancientcivilizationsusingfoodasameansofestablishingdiplomaticrelations.Today,ithasdevelopedintoamoreformalizedpractice,withgovernmentsrecognizingitspotentialtobuildbridgesandpromotepeace.____36____Foodisdeeplyrootedinculture,andbysharingtraditionaldishes,countriescanshowcasetheiruniqueheritageandtraditions.Throughfood,peoplecangainadeeperunderstandingofanation’shistory,values,andwayoflife.Thisexchangeofculinarytraditionscanleadtoagreaterappreciationandres