2023-2024學(xué)年山西省高三下學(xué)期5月模擬預(yù)測英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2山西省2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期5月模擬預(yù)測英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANewYorkCityhasmanyremarkableparksandopenspacesthatareperfectforhangingoutinwarmweather.Herearefourofourfavoriteplacestotakeascenicwalk,pluswheretoeatnearby.LouisValentino,Jr.ParkDon’tletallofthefactoriesfoolyou—LouisValentino,Jr.ParkhasthebestviewoftheStatueofLiberty.Whenyougethungry,stopbyRedHookLobsterPoundformayo-coatedlobster(龍蝦).Sitatoneofthecafe’sfirstcome,firstservedoutdoortables,oreatonthewaterfront.RiversideParkStretching4milesfrom72ndto158thSt,RiversideParkisperfectforhangingoutalongtheHudsonRiver,enjoyingbeautifulviewsofNewJersey.Ifwalkingthewholewayisn’tyourthing,there’sabikepathtoo.DailyProvisionsoffersfantasticsandwichchoices,likejuicychickenandsmokedbacon.CentralParkTherearemanyreasonstowalkthroughCentralParkthisspring:historiclandmarks,greatbirdwatchingspots,andhangingoutwithfriends.Andwhiletheseareenjoyableactivities,they’reevenbetterwithapastramisandwichfromPastramiQueen.RidgewoodReservoirAtRidgewoodReservoir,you’llfindaneasyhikingspotwithapeacefulnaturepreserveandskylineviewsofManhattan.Afterhiking,headtoRolo’sforvarioussandwichoptions.Ithasoutdoortablesbutnoheaters,soyoucantakeeverythingtogoifit’stoocoldout.1.WhatisthebestspotforenjoyingviewsoftheStatueofLiberty?A.LouisValentino,Jr.Park. B.RidgewoodReservoir.C.RiversidePark. D.CentralPark.2.WhatmakesRiversideParkanattractivedestination?A.Itfeaturesabikepathforleisurelyrides.B.ItprovidesvarioussandwichoptionsatRolo’s.C.Itisknownforitsiconicstatusandhistoriclandmarks.D.Itprovidesascenicwalkwithoptionsforbirdwatching.3.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelysourcedfrom?A.Anonlinecookingadvertisement.B.AlocalNewYorkCitytravelguide.C.Thelifestylesectionofalocalnewspaper.D.AnofficialtourismdesignforNewYorkCity.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了紐約市四個風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的散步地點，以及附近的用餐地點?！即鸢浮?.A2.A3.B【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LouisValentino,Jr.Park”部分的句子“Don’tletallofthefactoriesfoolyou—LouisValentino,Jr.ParkhasthebestviewoftheStatueofLiberty.

(不要讓所有的工廠欺騙了你——路易斯·瓦倫蒂諾公園（LouisValentino,Jr.Park）是自由女神像的最佳觀景地。)”可知，欣賞自由女神像的最佳地點是路易斯·瓦倫蒂諾公園（LouisValentino,Jr.Park）。故選A。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RiversidePark”部分的句子“Stretching4milesfrom72ndto158thSt,RiversideParkisperfectforhangingoutalongtheHudsonRiver,enjoyingbeautifulviewsofNewJersey.Ifwalkingthewholewayisn’tyourthing,there’sabikepathtoo.(河濱公園（RiversidePark）從72街延伸到158街，綿延4英里，是沿哈德遜河閑逛、欣賞新澤西美景的絕佳去處。如果你不喜歡全程步行，這里也有自行車道。)”可知，河濱公園有一條自行車道供人們悠閑地騎行，這使它成為一個有吸引力的目的地。故選A。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NewYorkCityhasmanyremarkableparksandopenspacesthatareperfectforhangingoutinwarmweather.Herearefourofourfavoriteplacestotakeascenicwalk,pluswheretoeatnearby.(紐約市有許多引人注目的公園和開放空間，非常適合在溫暖的天氣里閑逛。以下是我們最喜歡的四個風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的散步地點，以及附近的用餐地點。)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了紐約市最受喜愛的四個風(fēng)景優(yōu)美、適合散步的公園和開放空間，以及其附近的用餐地點。由此可推知，本文最可能來自紐約當?shù)氐穆糜沃改稀９蔬xB。BCharlieJeffers,17,asenioratRedwoodHighSchoolinMarinCounty,Calif.,haslovedLegosinceage4.HisroomisfullofLegobricks.NoticinghisfriendsstartthrowingawaytheiroldLegocollections,hehatchedaplan.“Legosarepricey,”henoted.“Manycan’taffordthem.”HestartedcollectingunwantedLegopartsfromfriendsandneighbors,spreadingthewordthroughcommunitynoticesanddoor-to-doorvisits.Theresponsewassurprising.DonationsofoldLegosetspouredin,propellingJefferstoformalizehiseffortsunderthebannerofPasstheBricks.Togetherwithadedicatedteamofvolunteers,Jeffersandhisteammatescarefullyclean,sort,andrepurposecollectedLegopiecesintoimaginativesets.Thesesets,eachwithroughly20to60pieces,arecarefullymadetocreatescenessuchasblinddatesorfamilyphotoshoots.Sinceitsstartin2020,PasstheBrickshasmadeasignificantsuccess.Withover3,000setsdonatedtodate,Jeffersandhisteamaredrivenbytwopurposes:toreducelandfillwasteandtoprovideLegostochildrenwhomightotherwisegowithout.JeffersstressestheeducationalvalueofLego,emphasizingitscapacitytoinspirecreativityandlearning.PasstheBrickshassinceexpandeditsreachnationwide,withvolunteersinseveralstatesdistributingsetstolocalcharities.Toensureeachsetispresentedwithcare,Jeffersusesdonationsandpersonalfundsfromhisjobatagymtopurchaseaffordablecardboardgiftboxesonline.Thesesets,accompaniedbyinstructionsandaphotoofthefinishedproduct,aredistributedtovariousorganizationsanddirectlytochildrenatlocalschools.Despitehisapproachingtocollege,JeffersremainsdevotedtohiscommitmenttoPasstheBricks.Heplanstocontinueandexpandtheinitiative,drivenbyadesiretosharethejoyandeducationalbenefitsofLegowithasmanychildrenaspossible.“We’regratefultosharethemwiththekidsandfamiliesweserve,”Jeffersexpresses.ReflectingonhisownLego-filledchildhood,heacknowledgesitsprofoundinfluence.“Iaimtoprovideotherswiththesamechance,”heemphasizes,echoinghisongoingcommitmenttosharingthejoyofLegowithall.4.WhatistheprimarypurposeofPasstheBricks?A.TogenerateprofitfromsellingLegosets.B.TorecycleoldLegopiecesandreducewaste.C.TocompetewithotherLegomanufacturers.D.TopromotetheuseofLegosinprofessionalsettings.5.Whichbestreplacestheword“propelling”inparagraph2?A.Forcing. B.Preventing. C.Urging. D.Expecting.6.HowdoesJeffersensurethateachsetispresentedwithcare?A.Byrelyingoncommunitycontributions.B.Byinvestinginappropriatepackagingmaterials.C.Bysecuringfinancialsupportthroughvariousmeans.D.Bydistributingwithcharitableorganizationsnationwide.7.WhatdoesJeffershopetoachievebycontinuingPasstheBricks?A.Establishingasustainablecompany.B.Earningrecognitionforhisdedication.C.Enhancingpersonalsatisfactionandgrowth.D.SharingLegojoywithmanychildrenandfamilies.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了CharlieJeffers在高中時期發(fā)起的一個名為“PasstheBricks”的項目，該項目旨在回收舊樂高積木，減少垃圾填埋，并將這些積木重新組裝后捐贈給需要的孩子們?！即鸢浮?.B5.C6.B7.D【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Jeffersandhisteamaredrivenbytwopurposes:toreducelandfillwasteandtoprovideLegostochildrenwhomightotherwisegowithout.”（杰弗斯和他的團隊有兩個目標：減少垃圾填埋和為可能沒有樂高玩具的孩子們提供樂高。）可推知，PasstheBricks的主要目的是回收舊樂高積木并減少垃圾。故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“DonationsofoldLegosetspouredin,”（舊樂高積木的捐贈如潮水般涌入）可知，舊樂高積木的捐贈如潮水般涌入，推動著杰弗斯在“PasstheBricks”的旗幟下正式開展他的工作。這里的“propelling”意為“推動，促使”，與urge意思一致，故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Toensureeachsetispresentedwithcare,Jeffersusesdonationsandpersonalfundsfromhisjobatagymtopurchaseaffordablecardboardgiftboxesonline.”（為了確保每套積木都被精心呈現(xiàn)，杰弗斯使用捐款和他在健身房工作的個人資金在線購買價格合理的紙板禮盒。）可推知，杰弗斯通過投資適當?shù)陌b材料來確保每套積木都被精心呈現(xiàn)。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Iaimtoprovideotherswiththesamechance,”heemphasizes,echoinghisongoingcommitmenttosharingthejoyofLegowithall.”（‘我希望給其他人提供同樣的機會，’他強調(diào)，這回應(yīng)了他對與所有人分享樂高的樂趣的持續(xù)承諾。）可推知，杰弗斯希望通過繼續(xù)“PasstheBricks”項目，與很多的孩子和家庭分享樂高的樂趣。故選D。CIfyou’reluckyenoughtolivenearforests,you’llknowthatit’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.AstudyfromtheUniversityofSurreyintheUKfoundthatbotanicalgardenscanmakecityaircoolerbyupto5degreesCelsius.Wetlandsandraingardensaren’tfarbehind,coolingtheairbyabout4.7and4.5degreesCelsius.Treesalongstreetsalsohelp,loweringairtemperaturesby3.8degreesCelsius,whilecityparkscanmakeit3.2degreesCelsiuscooler.Thepapernotesthatanairtemperatureof40.3℃(104.5℉)brokerecordsintheUKonJuly19,2022.Some62,862deathswerelinkedtosummerheatacrossEuropeinthesameyear,whilethe2003heatwaveinEuropeledtoaneconomiclossof€16billionduetodroughtandcropfailures.AccordingtotheIPCC,“greenandblueurbaninfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)elements,includingparks,engineeredgreeningprojects,wetlands,greenwalls,andbotanicalgardens,areparticularlyeffectiveinreducingairtemperaturesincities”.We’vealreadyseenanumberofarchitectureprojectsaroundtheworldemploylargeamountsofgreenerytopromotelocalcooling,alongwithbeneficiallandscaping.However,it’simportanttorecognizethatthereisn’tonesimplesolutiontosuiteverysite,andmuchwilldependoneffectiveplanning.“Ourpaperconfirmsjusthowmanywaystherearetokeepcool,”addedProfessorMariadeFatimaAndradeattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,Brazil."Butitalsorevealshowmuchworkislefttodo.Institutionsaroundtheworldneedtoinvestintherightresearch-becausewhat’sveryclearfromourstudyisthatthereisnouniversalsolution.Itdependsonwhatworksforyourcommunity.”8.Whatcanweconcludefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Greenspaceshelpkeeppeoplecool.B.Wetlandsandraingardensarelesseffective.C.Botanicalgardensarethebestwaytostaycool.D.Moretreesinurbanareasmeancoolertemperatures.9.Whydoestheauthormention“Europe”inparagraph3?A.Todiscussspecificconsequencesofheatwaves.B.Toemphasizethewidespreadimpactofurbanheat.C.Toillustratetheseriousnessofheatwaveswithexamples.D.Toprovidecontextfortemperaturerecordsandtheirimpacts.10.WhatdoesProfessorAndradeemphasizeaboutcoolingsolutions?A.Thesignificanceofglobalresearchsupport.B.Thevarietyofcoolingmethodsavailable.C.Therequirementforuniversalcoolingsolutions.D.Theimportanceoftailoringsolutionstofitlocalneeds.11.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheCoolingPowerofUrbanGreenSpacesB.TheEconomicandHealthImpactsofHeatwavesC.InnovativeArchitecturalSolutionsforUrbanCoolingD.TheRoleofBotanicalGardensinUrbanTemperatureRegulation【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述綠地有助于人們保持涼爽?！即鸢浮?.A9.C10.D11.A【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“it’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.(你就會知道在炎熱的正午，樹下更涼爽。即使你住在一個建筑比樹木多的城市，去當?shù)氐墓珗@或花園也能讓你保持涼爽)”和第二段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofSurreyintheUKfoundthatbotanicalgardenscanmakecityaircoolerbyupto5degreesCelsius.Wetlandsandraingardensaren’tfarbehind,coolingtheairbyabout4.7and4.5degreesCelsius.Treesalongstreetsalsohelp,loweringairtemperaturesby3.8degreesCelsius,whilecityparkscanmakeit3.2degreesCelsiuscooler.(英國薩里大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，植物園可以使城市空氣溫度降低5攝氏度。濕地和雨水花園緊隨其后，使空氣降溫約4.7至4.5攝氏度。街道兩旁的樹木也有幫助，使氣溫降低3.8攝氏度，而城市公園可以使氣溫降低3.2攝氏度)”可知，綠地有助于人們保持涼爽。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Some62,862deathswerelinkedtosummerheatacrossEuropeinthesameyear,whilethe2003heatwaveinEuropeledtoaneconomiclossof€16billionduetodroughtandcropfailures.(同年，全歐洲約有62,862人死于夏季高溫，而2003年歐洲的熱浪由于干旱和作物歉收導(dǎo)致了160億歐元的經(jīng)濟損失)”可知，本段屠刀歐洲是為了舉例說明熱浪的嚴重性，故選C?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Institutionsaroundtheworldneedtoinvestintherightresearch-becausewhat’sveryclearfromourstudyisthatthereisnouniversalsolution.Itdependsonwhatworksforyourcommunity.(世界各地的機構(gòu)都需要投資于正確的研究，因為從我們的研究中可以清楚地看出，沒有通用的解決方案。這取決于什么對你的社區(qū)有效)”可知，Andrade強調(diào)了根據(jù)當?shù)匦枨蠖ㄖ平鉀Q方案的重要性。故選D。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtolivenearforests,you’llknowthatit’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.(如果你足夠幸運，住在森林附近，你就會知道在炎熱的正午，樹下更涼爽。即使你住在一個建筑比樹木多的城市，去當?shù)氐墓珗@或花園也能讓你保持涼爽)”可知，文章主要講述綠地有助于人們保持涼爽，A項“城市綠地的降溫能力”為最佳標題，故選A。DAteamofscientistsfromtheCenterforCognitionandSocialityandtheDataScienceGroupattheInstituteforBasicScience(IBS)madeanexcitingdiscoveryabouthowcomputersandhumanbrainsworksimilarlywhenrememberingthings.Theyfoundoutthatthewayartificialintelligence(AI)models,likethoseinsmartrobots,storememoriesisalotlikehowourbrain’smemorycenter,calledthehippocampus(海馬體),doesit.Thispartofthebrainisreallyimportantforfeelingsandmemories.UnderstandinghowAIlearnsandkeepsinformationiskeytomakingitsmarter.ThescientistslookedintohowourbrainslearnandrememberbyfocusingonaspecialprocessinvolvingtheNMDAreceptor,acriticalpartofthehippocampus.Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.Itopenswhencertainbrainchemicalsarepresent,allowingthecelltoreceivesignalsandcreatememories.Aspecificelement,magnesium,actslikeaguard,onlylettingsubstancesinundertherightconditions.Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodtomanageitsmemory.TheywonderediftheycouldmaketheTransformer’smemorybetterbycopyingthebrain’sprocess.ByadjustingsomesettingsintheTransformertomimic(模擬、模仿)thebrain’smemorydoor,theyimproveditsabilitytorememberthingslong-term,justlikeadjustingmagnesiumlevelscanaffecthowwellwerememberstuff.ThisdiscoveryisabigdealbecauseitshowswecanusewhatweknowaboutthebraintomakeAIsmarter.C.JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神經(jīng)學(xué))directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstepforwardforbothAIandbrainscience.ItopensupnewwaystounderstandhowthebrainworksandtocreatemoreadvancedAIbasedontheseinsights.So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthataresurprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.12.Whatdoestheterm“NMDAreceptor”inparagraph2mostlikelyreferto?A.AtypeofcomputervirusthatattacksAIsystems.B.Anewtechnologyformakingcomputersrunfaster.C.AcomponentinAImodelsthatpredictsfutureevents.D.Apartofthehumanbraininvolvedinlearningandmemory.13.WhatdidtheteamdiscoveraboutTransformer?A.Itdirectlymimicsthebrain’smemoryprocess.B.Itisunaffectedbychangesinmemorysettings.C.Itusesaspecialmethodtomanagememory.D.Itrequiresadjustmentstoenhancelong-termmemory.14.WhatisthesignificanceoftheresearchfindingsaccordingtoC.JustinLEE?A.Itisanewapproachtomemoryorganization.B.ItisacrucialstepinadvancingAIandneuroscience.C.Itisamethodforimprovingshort-termmemoryinAI.D.ItisabreakthroughinunderstandingAIemotionalprocessing.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ExploringtheNMDAreceptorinthebrain.B.DiscussingimplicationsofneuroscienceforAI.C.Comparingcomputerandhumanmemoryprocesses.D.DiscoveringsimilaritiesbetweenAIandhumanmemory.【語篇解讀】本文一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)人工智能記憶存儲方式與人腦海馬體相似，并通過模仿大腦記憶機制改進了AI模型的記憶能力，促進了AI與腦科學(xué)的發(fā)展。〖答案〗12.D13.C14.B15.D【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.(這種受體就像我們大腦中的一扇智能門，幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)和記憶)”可知，“NMDAreceptor”是人腦中參與學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的一部分。故選D。

【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodtomanageitsmemory.(有趣的是，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，Transformer是一種人工智能模型，它使用類似的“保護”方法來管理內(nèi)存)”可知，Transformer使用了一種類似于保護的特殊方法來管理其內(nèi)存。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“C.JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神經(jīng)學(xué))directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstepforwardforbothAIandbrainscience.(C.JustinLEE，該研究所的神經(jīng)科學(xué)主任表示，這項研究對于人工智能和腦科學(xué)都是一個重大的進展)”可知，他認為這些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要意義在于這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)推進了AI和神經(jīng)科學(xué)的關(guān)鍵步驟。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及最后一段“So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthataresurprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.(所以，簡單來說，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)計算機能夠以和我們驚人相似的方式學(xué)習(xí)和記憶，這可能有助于它們在未來變得更加智能。)”可知，整篇文章的中心思想是關(guān)于在人工智能和人類記憶之間發(fā)現(xiàn)的相似性，D選項“發(fā)現(xiàn)人工智能與人類記憶之間的相似之處”準確總結(jié)了文章的中心思想。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoDevelopCriticalThinkingSkillsThere’snomagicmethodtochangeyourthinkingprocesses.Improvementhappenswithsmall,intentionalchangesinyoureverydayhabitsuntilamorecriticalapproachtothinkingisautomatic.Herearesometipsforbuildingstrongerself-awarenessandlearninghowtoimprovecriticalthinking:Becareful____16____.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofcriticalthinkingisaskingquestionsandanalyzingtheavailableinformation.Youmightsurpriseyourselfatwhatyoufindwhenyoustoptothinkbeforetakingaction.Beforemakingadecision,useevidence,logic,andreasoningtosupportyourownopinionsorchallengeideas.____17____.Askopen-endedquestions“Yes”or“no”questionsinviteagreementratherthanreflection.____18____.Diggingdeepercanhelpyouidentifypotentialbiases,uncoverassumptions,andarriveatnewpossiblesolutions.LearntobequietActivelisteningistheintentionalpracticeofconcentratingonaconversationpartnerinsteadofyourownthoughts.____19____.Ifyou’rebrainstormingwithyourteamorhavinga1:1withacoworker,listen,askclarifyingquestions,andworktounderstandotherpeople’sviewpoints.Thiswillhelpyoufindweaknessesinargumentsforbettersolutions.PutitdownRecordingyourthoughtswithpenandpapercanleadtostrongerbrainactivitythantypingthemoutonakeyboard.Ifyou’restuckandwanttothinkmorecriticallyaboutaproblem,writingyourideascanhelpyouprocessinformationmoredeeply.____20____.Ideasaremorelikelytoremaininthebackgroundofyourmind,leadingtodeeperthinkingthatinformsyourdecision-makingprocess.A.ComparingdifferentviewshelpsyoulearnB.There’snothingwrongwithalittlebitofdoubtC.IthelpsyouavoidbeingmisledbyinaccurateinformationD.Itinvolvesfocusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinionsE.TrytoengagewithpeoplewhohelpyoudevelopyourideasF.TheactofrecordingideasonpapercanalsoimproveyourmemoryG.Instead,askopen-endedquestionsthatforceyoutoengageinanalysis【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何發(fā)展批判性思維技能?！即鸢浮?6.B17.C18.G19.D20.F【16題詳析】下文“Oneofthekeyprinciplesofcriticalthinkingisaskingquestionsandanalyzingtheavailableinformation.(批判性思維的關(guān)鍵原則之一是提出問題并分析可用的信息)”提出批判性思維關(guān)鍵原則之一是提出問題，與B項“There’snothingwrongwithalittlebitofdoubt(有一點懷疑沒什么不好的)”語意一致，句中“alittlebitofdoubt”和“askingquestions”表達了同樣的意思。故選B項。【17題詳析】上文“Youmightsurpriseyourselfatwhatyoufindwhenyoustoptothinkbeforetakingaction.Beforemakingadecision,useevidence,logic,andreasoningtosupportyourownopinionsorchallengeideas.(當你在采取行動之前停下來思考時，你可能會對你的發(fā)現(xiàn)感到驚訝。在做決定之前，用證據(jù)、邏輯和推理來支持你自己的觀點或挑戰(zhàn)想法)”提出在決定前先要停下來思考，用證據(jù)、邏輯和推理來支持你自己的觀點或挑戰(zhàn)想法，C項“Ithelpsyouavoidbeingmisledbyinaccurateinformation(它可以幫助你避免被不準確的信息誤導(dǎo))”承接上文，說明這樣做的好處，“證據(jù)、邏輯和推理”可以幫助你避免被不準確的信息誤導(dǎo)，上下文語意連貫。故選C項?！?8題詳析】上文““Yes”or“no”questionsinviteagreementratherthanreflection.

(“是”或“否”的問題會讓人同意，而不是反思)”指出問“是”或“否”這類問題的不足，G項“Instead,askopen-endedquestionsthatforceyoutoengageinanalysis(相反，問一些開放式的問題，促使你進行分析)”給出正確的提問方式：提開放式的問題，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項?！?9題詳析】上文“Activelisteningistheintentionalpracticeofconcentratingonaconversationpartnerinsteadofyourownthoughts.(積極傾聽是一種有意識的練習(xí)，把注意力集中在談話對象身上，而不是自己的想法上)”指出傾聽是把注意力集中在談話對象身上，而不是自己的想法上，D項“Itinvolvesfocusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinions(它包括關(guān)注細節(jié)和重視他人的意見)”承接上文，說明傾聽更關(guān)注細節(jié)和重視他人的意見，句中“focusingondetailsandvaluingothers’opinions”與上文“concentratingonaconversationpartner”相照應(yīng)。故選D項?！?0題詳析】上文“Ifyou’restuckandwanttothinkmorecriticallyaboutaproblem,writingyourideascanhelpyouprocessinformationmoredeeply.(如果你卡住了，想要更批判性地思考一個問題，寫下你的想法可以幫助你更深入地處理信息)”指出寫下想法可以幫助你更深入地處理信息，F(xiàn)項“Theactofrecordingideasonpapercanalsoimproveyourmemory(把想法記錄在紙上也能提高你的記憶力)”承接上文，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，說明寫下想法的另一個作用：提升你的記憶力，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onesunnyafternoon,Lilyfoundalostkittenhidingbehindabush.Itwasmewingwithtears.Lily’sheartmelted(融化)atthe____21____.Withouthesitation,shepickeditupandhelditinher____22____.Fromthatmomenton,Lilyandthekitten,whomshenamedWhiskers,became____23____.Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies,andeven____24____secrets.LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers,whoseemedto____25____happilybyherside.Astheseasons____26____andyearspassed,theirbondonlygrew____27____.Whiskersgrewintoabigcat,buthisloveforLilyremainedfirm.Hewasherconstantfriend,offering____28____duringherchallengingtimes.Onewinter’sday,aheavysnowstormsweptthroughthetown,leavingeverything____29____inwhite.Lily,worriedaboutWhiskersbeingoutinthecold,searched____30____forhim.Afterhoursofsearching,shefoundhimhuddled(蜷縮)beneathatree,hisfurwas____31____infrost.Withtearsinhereyes,LilygentlypickedupWhiskersandrushedhimhome.She____32____himinawarmblanket,nestledhimbythefireplace,andheldhimclose.Astheysattogether,lyinginthe____33____,LilyrealizedjusthowmuchWhiskersmeanttoher.Fromthatdayforward,Lilypromisedtoalwaysvaluethespecial____34____theyshared.Throughthickandthin,theywouldstandbyeachother’s____35____,theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship.21.A.cost B.sight C.thought D.event22.A.pocket B.arms C.fingers D.bag23.A.strange B.dangerous C.inseparable D.funny24.A.revealing B.hiding C.inquiring D.sharing25.A.listen B.laugh C.smell D.sleep26.A.maintained B.ignored C.escaped D.changed27.A.unsafer B.farther C.looser D.stronger28.A.comfort B.fun C.chance D.aid29.A.colored B.heated C.blanketed D.protected30.A.pessimistically B.anxiously C.aimlessly D.sincerely31.A.coated B.dried C.washed D.painted32.A.wrapped B.grasped C.threw D.pressed33.A.dream B.rain C.shelter D.warmth34.A.information B.food C.bond D.duty35.A.tendency B.side C.head D.life【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述Lily撿到一只小貓并和它建立起愛和友誼的故事?！即鸢浮?1.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.D27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.A33.D34.C35.B【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這情景，Lily的心融化了。A.cost花費；B.sight景象；C.thought想法；D.event事件。根據(jù)上文“Lilyfoundalostkittenhidingbehindabush.Itwasmewingwithtears.(Lily發(fā)現(xiàn)一只走失的小貓躲在灌木叢后面。它喵喵地哭著)”可知，此處指看到的這一幕讓Lily的心融化了，故選B。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她毫不猶豫地把它撿起來，抱在懷里。A.pocket口袋；B.arms胳膊；C.fingers手指；D.bag包，袋子。結(jié)合上文“Lily’sheartmelted(融化)”以及“shepickeditup”可知，Lily的心融化了，應(yīng)是將小貓撿起來抱在懷里，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那一刻起，Lily和這只小貓，她給它起名叫Whiskers，形影不離。A.strange奇怪的；B.dangerous危險的；C.inseparable不可分離的，分不開的；D.funny有趣的。根據(jù)下文“Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies”可知，他們形影不離，故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們整天在樹林里探險，追逐蝴蝶，甚至分享秘密。A.revealing揭示；B.hiding隱藏；C.inquiring詢問；D.sharing分享。根據(jù)上文“Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies”和下文“LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers”可知，此處是描述Lily和小貓的親密無間，他們甚至分享秘密，故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lily經(jīng)常把她最喜歡的書大聲念給Whiskers聽，Whiskers似乎在她身邊開心地聽著。A.listen聽；B.laugh大笑；C.smell聞；D.sleep睡覺。根據(jù)上文“LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers”以及空后“byherside”可知，Lily讀書的時候，Whiskers似乎在開心地聽著，故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著季節(jié)的更替和歲月的流逝，他們的關(guān)系越來越緊密。A.maintained維持；B.ignored忽視；C.escaped逃跑；D.changed改變，更換。根據(jù)“yearspassed”可知，季節(jié)更替，歲月流逝，故選D?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.unsafer更加不安全的；B.farther更遠的；C.looser更松的；D.stronger更堅固的。根據(jù)語境和下文“Whiskersgrewintoabigcat,buthisloveforLilyremainedfirm.(Whiskers長成了一只大貓，但他對Lily的愛依然堅定)”可知，隨著時間的流逝，他們的關(guān)系越來越堅固，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是她忠實的朋友，在她艱難的時候給予安慰。A.comfort安慰；B.fun樂趣；C.chance機會；D.aid幫助。根據(jù)“constantfriend”以及“duringherchallengingtimes”可知，此處指Whiskers就像是忠實的朋友一樣，在她艱難的時刻給予安慰，故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：冬天的一天，一場暴風(fēng)雪席卷了整個小鎮(zhèn)，把所有的東西都覆蓋上了白色。A.colored著色；B.heated加熱；C.blanketed覆蓋；D.protected保護。根據(jù)“aheavysnowstormsweptthroughthetown”可知，下了一場大雪，一切都被白色覆蓋，故選C。【30題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Lily擔(dān)心Whiskers會在外面受凍，焦急地找他。A.pessimistically悲觀地；B.anxiously焦慮地；C.aimlessly漫無目的地；D.sincerely真誠地。根據(jù)“worriedaboutWhiskersbeingoutinthecold”可知，Lily擔(dān)心Whisker，故是焦急地尋找，故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾個小時的尋找，她發(fā)現(xiàn)他蜷縮在一棵樹下，皮毛上結(jié)了一層霜。A.coated給……涂上一層；B.dried使變干；C.washed洗；D.painted用顏料畫。根據(jù)“huddled(蜷縮)beneathatree”以及“infrost”可知，Whisker蜷縮在一棵樹下，皮毛上結(jié)了一層霜，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她用一條溫暖的毯子把他裹起來，讓他依偎在壁爐旁，緊緊地抱著他。A.wrapped包，裹；B.grasped抓?。籆.threw扔；D.pressed按，壓。根據(jù)“himinawarmblanket,nestledhimbythefireplace”可知，此處指用毯子把貓裹起來取暖，故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們坐在一起，躺在溫暖中，Lily意識到Whiskers對她來說是多么重要。A.dream夢想；B.rain雨；C.shelter庇護所；D.warmth溫暖。根據(jù)上文提到的毯子、壁爐等可知，他們躺在溫暖之中，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那天起，Lily承諾永遠珍惜他們之間的特殊關(guān)系。A.information信息；B.food食物；C.bond紐帶，聯(lián)系；D.duty職責(zé)。根據(jù)上文“LilyrealizedjusthowmuchWhiskersmeanttoher(Lily意識到Whiskers對她來說是多么重要)”和下文中“theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship(他們的心永遠被無條件的愛和友誼聯(lián)系在一起)”可知，此處指Lily珍惜他們之間的特殊關(guān)系，故選C。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，他們都會站在彼此的身邊，他們的心永遠被無條件的愛和友誼聯(lián)系在一起。A.tendency傾向；B.side邊；C.head頭；D.life生活。根據(jù)“theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship(他們的心永遠被無條件的愛和友誼聯(lián)系在一起)”可知，無論風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，他們都會站在彼此的身邊，故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JaneEyre(《簡愛》)isatimelessclassicthatattractsreaderswithitspowerfulstorytellingandunforgettablecharacters.____36____(write)byCharlotteBronte,thisnovelfollowsthejourneyofJaneEyre,apooryoungwomanwhoovercomesadversity____37____(find)loveandindependence.ThenovelisamasterpieceofVictorianliterature,exploringthemesoflove,morality,andsocialclass.JaneEyre’sstrongsenseofself-worthandindependencemakesherattractive,whileherloveforMr.Rochesteraddsdepth____38____thestory.Bronte’swritingstyleis____39____(elegance)andinteresting,drawingreadersintoJane’sworldandengagingthemintherichlydetailedsettingsofThornfieldHallandYorkshire.Thenovel’satmosphericdescriptionsandvividimagerybringthestorytolife,____40____(create)anabsorbingreadingexperience.OneofthemostmemorableaspectsofJaneEyreisits____41____(explore)ofcomplexinnerstrugglesof____42____(it)characters.FromJane’sinternalconflictstoMr.Rochester’stroubledpast,thenovelexploresthedepthsofhumanemotionwithsensitivity.Overall,JaneEyreisaneverlastingmasterpiece____43____continuestoattract