教材知識(shí)全梳理28人教版2019必修三Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations

Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations詞匯1．marchvi.&n.行進(jìn)；前進(jìn)；示威游行2．rangen.一系列；范圍、界限vi.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化3．figuren.人物；數(shù)字；身材vt.認(rèn)為；4．gratituden.感激之情；感謝5．harvestn.收獲vi.&vt.收割(莊稼)6．fadevt.&vi.逐漸消失；(使)褪色7．gathervi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；收割8．featurevt.以…為特色n.特色；特點(diǎn)9．reflectvt.顯示；反映；反射10．religionn.宗教信仰；信任；相信11．frankadj.坦率的；直率的12．fancyadj.花哨的；精致的vt.想要；13．typicaladj.典型的；平常的14．merryadj.愉快的；高興的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1．originn．起源；起因；出身→originaladj.原來的，起初的；最早的2．joyn．高興；喜悅；令人高興的人(或事)→joyfuladj.高興的；愉快的→joyfullyadv.高興地3．decoratev．裝飾；裝潢→decorationn．裝飾；裝潢4．typen．類型；種類→typicaladj.有代表性的；典型的；平常的5．congratulatevt.對(duì)/向(某人)道賀；(因某事)為自己感到自豪→congratulationn．祝賀；恭喜6．faithn．相信；宗教信仰；信任→faithfuladj.忠實(shí)的；忠誠的；忠貞的7．occasionn．特別的事情(或儀式、慶典)；(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會(huì)→occasionaladj.偶爾；有時(shí)候8．a(chǎn)bsoluteadj.完全的；絕對(duì)的→absolutelyadv.絕對(duì)地9．respectn．&vt.尊敬；尊重→respectfuladj.表示敬意的；尊敬的10．believev．信→beliefn．信心，信任，信仰11．religionn.宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；篤信宗教的12.significantadj.有重大意義的；顯著→significantlyadv.重大地；顯著地→significancen.意義；重要性短語1.dress(sb)up穿上盛裝;裝扮

2.afterall畢竟;別忘了

3.rangefrom...to...包括從……到……之間

4.fadeaway逐漸消失;(身體)變得虛弱

5.inspiteof不管;盡管

6.takeadvantageof 利用;欺騙;占……的便宜7.nearandfar到處

8.takeplace發(fā)生

9.havesth.inmon(興趣、想法等方面)相同;10.tobefrank坦白說;坦率地說

11.gooff爆炸;走火;離開

12.exceptfor除……之外

13.setoff出發(fā);動(dòng)身;啟程

14.playarolein在……起作用

句式1.make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+真正的賓語Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.2.which引導(dǎo)的定語從句Naadammeans“games”inMongolian,anditisrepresentedbythreeevents:horseracing,wrestling,andarchery,whichareallsoexcitingtowatch!3.asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣Aftersingingsomesongs,thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasiftheywereeagles.4.比較級(jí)與否定詞連用,表示最高級(jí)Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife.5.名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾,多用不定式作后置定語。SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.6.sb.beseendoingsth.某人被看見正在做某事Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.7.not...until...直到……才DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied(直到她死去的那一天才退休),22April1983.8.獨(dú)立主格Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills,...9.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.10.which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句Inthesameyear,goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco,whichstartedagoldrush.11.todo作目的狀語Toearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.12.make+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.13.That/Thisisbecause...意為“那/這是因?yàn)椤盩hisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.14.動(dòng)名詞短語在句中作主語Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.15.It+be+形容詞+(for/ofsb.)todosth.對(duì)某人來說,做……是……Itisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace,astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.16.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.17.rememberdoingsthIrememberthinkingthatneverwouldIholdsuchanoteasthis...18.why引導(dǎo)表語從句That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.教材話題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（一）1．congratulatevt.向(某人)道賀；(因某事)為自己感到自豪→n.祝賀；恭喜2．originn.起源；由來；起因→adj.原始的；最初的→adv.起初→v.起源；發(fā)源3．occasionn.特別的事情(或儀式、慶典)；(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會(huì)→adj.偶然的→adv.偶然地；不時(shí)地4．a(chǎn)bsoluteadj.絕對(duì)的；完全的→adv.絕對(duì)地；完全地5．pleasevt.使?jié)M意；使愉快→adj.令人高興的；令人滿意的→adj.高興的；愉快的；滿意的6．religionn.宗教；宗教信仰→adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的7．decoratev．裝飾；裝修→n．裝飾8．significantadj.有重大意義的；顯著的→n．重要性；意義9．horribleadj.可怕的；恐怖的；令人震驚的→n.恐怖→adv.可怕地10．joyn.高興；喜悅→adj.高興的；快樂的11．mercialadj.商業(yè)(化)的；以獲利為目的的→vt.使商業(yè)化；利用……牟利→n.商業(yè)化12．typicaladj.特有的；典型的；有代表性的→adv.典型地；代表性地；通常，一般；不出所料地13．reflectvt.映射；反射；思考；顯示；反映vi.思考→adj.反射的；反映的；沉思的→n.反射；映像；沉思，深思14．representvt.象征；代表；相當(dāng)于→n.代表adj.典型的；有代表性的15．respectn.&vt.尊敬；尊重n.方面→adj.值得尊敬的；體面的，得體的→adj.恭敬的；表示敬意的【答案】1．congratulation2．originaloriginallyoriginate3．occasionaloccasionally4．a(chǎn)bsolutely5．pleasedpleasing6．religious7．decoration8．significance9．horrorhorribly10．joyous11．mercializemercialization12．typically13．reflectivereflection14．representative15．respectedrespectful詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）16．horrorn.令人驚恐的事→adj.令人震驚的；恐怖的17．regardvt.認(rèn)為；看作→prep.關(guān)于；至于18．noveln.小說→n.小說家19．journaln.雜志；日志→n.新聞工作者20．passionn.強(qiáng)烈的愛好；熱愛；激情→adj.熱誠的；狂熱的21．a(chǎn)wareadj.意識(shí)到的→n.認(rèn)識(shí)；意識(shí)22．organisev.組織→n.組織；團(tuán)體；機(jī)構(gòu)23．movev.（使）改變位置；移動(dòng)→n.運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作；活動(dòng)24．depressv.使抑郁；使沮喪；使消沉→n.憂郁；沮喪；消沉；抑郁癥25．mitv.承諾；保證→n.投入；忠誠；奉獻(xiàn)；承諾26．designvt.計(jì)劃；設(shè)計(jì)→n.設(shè)計(jì)者27．energyn.精力；活力→adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的28．disablev.使喪失能力；使傷殘→n.傷殘；殘障；障礙29．night+mare→n.噩夢；夢魘30．n.提倡者；擁護(hù)者；鼓吹者→v.擁護(hù)；支持；提倡【答案】16．horrible17．regarding18．novelist19．journalist20．passionate21．a(chǎn)wareness22．organisation23．movement24．depression25．mitment26．designer27．energetic28．disability29．nightmare30．a(chǎn)dvocate詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（三）31．originn.起源,起因;出身→adj.原來的,起初的;最早的→adv.原來地,起初32．joyn.高興,喜悅,令人高興的人(或事)→adj.高興的;愉快的→adv.高興地33．decoratevt.裝飾;裝潢→n.裝飾;裝潢→adj.裝飾性的34．typen.類型;種類→adj.有代表性的;典型的,平常的→adv.典型地35．congratulatevt.向(某人)道賀;(因某事)為自己感到自豪→n.祝賀;恭喜36．faithn.相信;宗教信仰;信任→adj.忠實(shí)的;忠誠的;忠貞的→adv.忠實(shí)地,忠誠地37．occasionn.特別的事情(或儀式、慶典);(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會(huì)→adj.偶爾;有時(shí)候→adv.偶然;偶爾38．a(chǎn)bsoluteadj.完全的;絕對(duì)的→adv.絕對(duì)地,完全地39．respectn.&vt.尊敬;尊重→adj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→adv.尊敬地40．believev.相信→n.信心,信任,信仰→(pl.)信念;信仰【答案】31．originaloriginally32．joyfuljoyfully33．decorationdecorative34．typicaltypically35．congratulation36．faithfulfaithfully37．occasionaloccasionally38．a(chǎn)bsolutely39．respectfulrespectfully40．beliefbeliefs完成句子41．IthoughtI’dtake(利用)thesportsfacilitieswhileI’mhere.【答案】advantageof【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我想在這里的時(shí)候好好利用一下這里的體育設(shè)施。根據(jù)漢語提示，表示“利用”使用固定短語takeadvantageof。故填advantageof。42．Asthesunsetbehindthemountains,thecolorsoftheskybeganto(逐漸消失),leavingbehindaquietdarkness.【答案】fadeaway【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：當(dāng)太陽在山后落下時(shí)，天空的顏色開始漸漸消失，留下一片寧靜的黑暗。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，空處需要?jiǎng)釉~短語fadeaway“逐漸消失”。空前為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to，所以第一個(gè)空處的動(dòng)詞用原形。故填①fade②away。43．Don’tbetoohardonyourdaughter.(畢竟),sheisonlyachild.【答案】Afterall【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：別對(duì)你女兒太苛刻。畢竟，她只是個(gè)孩子。表示“畢竟”應(yīng)用介詞短語afterall。句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填①After；②all。44．Agriculture(發(fā)揮了一個(gè)重要的(significant)角色)inourdailylife.【答案】playsasignificantrole【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：農(nóng)業(yè)在我們的日常生活中扮演著重要的角色。表示“發(fā)揮一個(gè)重要的角色”用playasignificantrole，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填playsasignificantrole。45．Onethingallthesesuccessfulpeople(共同點(diǎn))isstickingtotheirgoalsnomatterwhat.【答案】haveinmon【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：所有這些成功人士都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，那就是無論如何都堅(jiān)持自己的目標(biāo)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語haveinmon，根據(jù)后文is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為people，謂語用原形。故填haveinmon。46．Wehaveatightscheduleforyour(短時(shí)間的訪問).Ihopeyoudon’tmind.【答案】briefvisit【詳解】考查形容詞和名詞。句意：你的短暫訪問日程安排得很緊。我希望你不要介意。根據(jù)漢語提示，名詞短語“短時(shí)間的訪問”briefvisit作介詞for的賓語，其中brief是形容詞作定語修飾后面的名詞visit。故填briefvisit。47．Ourcarranoutofpetrolyesterday.(更糟糕的是),itrainedsuddenly.【答案】Tomakemattersworse【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我們的汽車昨天沒油了。更糟糕的是，天突然下起了雨。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，空處可用固定短語tomakemattersworse，用于描述在一個(gè)已經(jīng)不好的情況之后又發(fā)生了一些不好的事情，作獨(dú)立成分，表示說話人的態(tài)度，且句首單詞的首字母需大寫。故填Tomakemattersworse。48．Hearrivedathomelatelastnight,11：30(確切地說).【答案】tobeexact【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：他昨晚很晚才到家，確切地說是11:30。根據(jù)所給中文提示詞，可用固定搭配：tobeexact意為“確切地說”。故填tobeexact。49．(我很高興聽到)thatyourcoughiscured.【答案】Iampleasedtohear【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和短語。句意：聽說你的咳嗽好了，我很高興。根據(jù)所給中文提示詞可知，此處可用固定句型：bepleasedtodosth.意為“高興做某事”，根據(jù)后文的is可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，譯為“Iampleasedtohear”。故填I(lǐng)ampleasedtohear。50．Shewas(對(duì)……非常滿意)herexamresult.【答案】verypleasedwith/verysatisfiedwith/verycontentwith【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：她對(duì)自己的考試成績很滿意。表示“對(duì)……滿意”的固定短語為“bepleasedwith”或“besatisfiedwith”或“becontentwith”，“非常”為副詞very，故填verypleasedwith或verysatisfiedwith或verycontentwith。閱讀理解Teenagersacrosstheworldeagerlyawaitthedaytheybeelegaladults,tobefreefromthedependenceoftheirparentsandtopracticethefullrightsoftheircitizenship.ThesituationisnodifferentinSouthKorea.Here,thelegalageofadulthoodis19.Tenyearsago,thelegalagewas20,butthiswasloweredbyayearin2013basedonrecognitionoftheearlymaturityofmodernteenagers.Now,fromtheir19thbirthdayonwards,SouthKoreanteenagerscanvote,getmarriedandworkfulltime.Unlikemostothercountries,theSouthKoreangovernmentcelebratesthistransformationintoadulthoodwithanofficial“ingofAgeDay”,whichfallsoneverythirdMondayofMay.ItsfirstwrittenrecordofcelebratingadulthooddatesbacktotheGoryeoDynasty,whereKingGwangjonggiftedPrinceWangJuanoutfit(服裝)reservedformaleadultsin965.BythelateJoseonDynasty,theceremonymarkingadulthooddevelopedintoafullgrowneventforthemiddleandupperclasses,celebratedbytheir15yearolds.Inthisperiod,oneofthemostsymbolicchangesthatadultstobewentthroughwasthatboyswouldtietheirlongflowing(飄逸的)hairintoatopknot(結(jié))andcoveritwithatallblackhatmadeofhorsehair;likewise,girlsputtheirhair,whichtheyletfallassinglebraids(辮子)inyouth,upintoaknotandsetitwithalonghairpin(發(fā)簪).Today,thetraditionalingofageceremoniesstillliveon,supportedlargelybygovernmentandpublicinterests.Butasetofverydifferentcustomshasalsobeenadded.Unlesstheyapplytoparticipateinpubliclyheldceremoniesorattendschoolsthatprovidetheseseries,19yearoldscelebratethethirdMondayofMaythemodernway,byhavinganicemealwithfamilyordrinkingwiththeirfriends.51．WhatledtothelegalageofadulthoodbeingloweredbyayearinSouthKorea?A．Therealizationofyouth’searliermaturity.B．Theplantoreduceeconomicpressureonfamilies.C．Thedeterminationtosatisfyteenagers’expectations.D．Therequirementforyouth’searlierpracticeofvotingrights.52．WhoreceivedSouthKorea’sfirstrecordedingofagecelebrationaccordingtothetext?A．PrinceWangJuanintheGoryeoDynasty.B．KingGwangjongintheGoryeoDynasty.C．Anupperclass15yearoldintheJoseonDynasty.D．Amiddleclass15yearoldintheJoseonDynasty.53．WhatmarkedtheimportantchangeincelebratingadulthoodduringtheJoseonDynasty?A．Anewtypeofhairstyle. B．Aspecificbirthdayoutfit.C．Makingone’sownhatwithhorsehair. D．Replacingshorthairpinswithlongones.54．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Publiclyheldceremoniesrequiregroupapplication.B．Traditionalceremoniesshouldbemorewidelypracticed.C．Teenagersnowadaysprefertocelebrateadulthoodathome.D．Societyhasseenawiderrangeofadulthoodcelebrations.【答案】51．A52．A53．A54．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。與大多數(shù)其他國家不同，韓國政府在每年5月的第三個(gè)星期一設(shè)立官方的“成人日”來慶祝孩子們的成年，文章對(duì)此習(xí)俗進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Tenyearsago,thelegalagewas20,butthiswasloweredbyayearin2013basedonrecognitionoftheearlymaturityofmodernteenagers.(十年前，法定年齡是20歲，但在2013年，基于對(duì)現(xiàn)代青少年早熟的認(rèn)識(shí)，法定年齡降低了一歲)”可知，由于青少年的早熟，韓國的法定成年年齡降低了一歲。故選A。52．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ItsfirstwrittenrecordofcelebratingadulthooddatesbacktotheGoryeoDynasty,whereKingGwangjonggiftedPrinceWangJuanoutfit(服裝)reservedformaleadultsin965.(最早的成人慶祝文字記錄要追溯到高麗時(shí)期，公元965年，廣宗王將成人服裝贈(zèng)給了王伷王子)”可知，高麗王朝時(shí)期的王伷王子接受了韓國第一個(gè)有記錄的成年慶典。故選A。53．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Inthisperiod,oneofthemostsymbolicchangesthatadultstobewentthroughwasthatboyswouldtietheirlongflowing(飄逸的)hairintoatopknot(結(jié))andcoveritwithatallblackhatmadeofhorsehair;likewise,girlsputtheirhair,whichtheyletfallassinglebraids(辮子)inyouth,upintoaknotandsetitwithalonghairpin(發(fā)簪).(在這一時(shí)期，即將成為成年人的人所經(jīng)歷的最具象征意義的變化之一是，男孩們會(huì)把他們飄逸的長發(fā)扎成一個(gè)頂髻，然后戴上由馬毛制成的黑色帽子；同樣地，女孩們把年輕時(shí)散成單根辮子的頭發(fā)扎成一個(gè)結(jié)，然后用一個(gè)長發(fā)夾扎起來)”可知，在何塞王朝，慶祝成年的重要變化是發(fā)型的變化。故選A。54．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Today,thetraditionalingofageceremoniesstillliveon,supportedlargelybygovernmentandpublicinterests.Butasetofverydifferentcustomshasalsobeenadded.(今天，傳統(tǒng)的成人儀式仍然存在，主要是由政府和公共利益支持的。但也增加了一套非常不同的習(xí)俗)”可推知，最后一段表明社會(huì)上慶祝成年的方式越來越多。故選D。七選五LaborDayisobservedonthefirstMondayofSeptemberintheUS.ItisaholidaymeanttohonorthecontributionsofUSworkers.Ithasbeenanofficialholidaysince1894.55LaborDayhashadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety.Itpromotesagreaterappreciationforworkersandtheirrights.56Thisholidayservesasareminderoftheimportanceofworklifebalance.ItisadaytocelebratetheAmericanspiritofhardworkandperseverance.57OnLaborDaythereareusuallyparadesinmajorcitiesaroundthecountry.Governmentofficialsandlaborleadersmakespeechesandholdpressconferences.58ManypeoplecelebrateLaborDaywithtripstothebeaches,picnics,andbarbecues.Theyalsotaketheirlastsummervacationsaroundthistime.LaborDayisconsideredtheunofficialendofsummer.ItisalsothebeginningoftheprofessionalandcollegefootballseasonintheUS.59ManystoreshaveLaborDaysalestogowiththestartoftheschoolyearformanychildrenintheUS.Thismeansthatmanystoreworkers,whiletheirholidayisbeingcelebrated,havetoworklonghours.A．PeoplecallSeptemberharvestmonth.B．Peoplecelebratethisholidayinvariousways.C．Manytownsandcitieshostfireworksonthisday.D．Italsodevelopsasenseofunityandrespectforthelaborforce.E．Besides,LaborDayhasbeeanimportantdayforshopping.F．Asaholiday,LaborDayisfilledwithbothhappinessandconcerns.G．Onthisday,governmentofficesincludingpostofficesandschoolsareclosed.【答案】55．G56．D57．B58．C59．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章詳細(xì)介紹了美國的勞動(dòng)節(jié)，包括其歷史背景、社會(huì)影響、慶祝方式以及與之相關(guān)的購物現(xiàn)象。55．根據(jù)前文“LaborDayisobservedonthefirstMondayofSeptemberintheUS.ItisaholidaymeanttohonorthecontributionsofUSworkers.Ithasbeenanofficialholidaysince1894.(在美國，勞動(dòng)節(jié)是在9月的第一個(gè)星期一。這個(gè)節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念美國工人的貢獻(xiàn)。自1894年以來，它一直是官方假日。)”可知，本文主要講述美國的勞動(dòng)節(jié)，設(shè)空位于段尾，應(yīng)是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，前文說這是官方假日，所以G項(xiàng)“Onthisday,governmentofficesincludingpostofficesandschoolsareclosed.(在這一天，包括郵局和學(xué)校在內(nèi)的政府機(jī)關(guān)都關(guān)閉)”符合語境，講述了這天政府機(jī)關(guān)都關(guān)閉去慶祝節(jié)日。故選G項(xiàng)。56．根據(jù)前文“LaborDayhashadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety.Itpromotesagreaterappreciationforworkersandtheirrights.(勞動(dòng)節(jié)對(duì)美國社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。它促進(jìn)了對(duì)工人及其權(quán)利的更多理解。)”可知，本段主要講述了，勞動(dòng)節(jié)對(duì)美國社會(huì)的影響，所以D項(xiàng)“Italsodevelopsasenseofunityandrespectforthelaborforce.(它還培養(yǎng)了一種團(tuán)結(jié)和尊重勞動(dòng)力的意識(shí)。)”符合本段主題，也是對(duì)講述對(duì)美國社會(huì)的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。57．設(shè)空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“OnLaborDaythereareusuallyparadesinmajorcitiesaroundthecountry.Governmentofficialsandlaborleadersmakespeechesandholdpressconferences.(在勞動(dòng)節(jié)這天，全國各大城市都會(huì)舉行游行。政府官員和勞工領(lǐng)袖發(fā)表演講并舉行記者招待會(huì)。)”可知，本段主要講述了勞動(dòng)節(jié)的慶祝方式，所以B項(xiàng)“Peoplecelebratethisholidayinvariousways.(人們以各種方式慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選B項(xiàng)。58．根據(jù)前文“OnLaborDaythereareusuallyparadesinmajorcitiesaroundthecountry.Governmentofficialsandlaborleadersmakespeechesandholdpressconferences.(在勞動(dòng)節(jié)這天，全國各大城市都會(huì)舉行游行。政府官員和勞工領(lǐng)袖發(fā)表演講并舉行記者招待會(huì)。)”以及后文“ManypeoplecelebrateLaborDaywithtripstothebeaches,picnics,andbarbecues.Theyalsotaketheirlastsummervacationsaroundthistime.LaborDayisconsideredtheunofficialendofsummer.ItisalsothebeginningoftheprofessionalandcollegefootballseasonintheUS.(許多人以去海灘、野餐和燒烤的方式慶祝勞動(dòng)節(jié)。他們的最后一個(gè)暑假也在這個(gè)時(shí)候度過。勞動(dòng)節(jié)被認(rèn)為是夏季非正式的結(jié)束。這也是美國職業(yè)和大學(xué)足球賽季的開始。)”可知，本段主要講述，勞動(dòng)節(jié)的慶祝方式，前文講述了政府官員和勞工領(lǐng)袖，后文講述了個(gè)人，所以C項(xiàng)“Manytownsandcitieshostfireworksonthisday.(許多城鎮(zhèn)都會(huì)在這一天放煙花)”講述了城鎮(zhèn)的慶祝方式，符合本段主題。故選C項(xiàng)。59．設(shè)空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“ManystoreshaveLaborDaysalestogowiththestartoftheschoolyearformanychildrenintheUS.Thismeansthatmanystoreworkers,whiletheirholidayisbeingcelebrated,havetoworklonghours.(許多商店都有勞動(dòng)節(jié)促銷活動(dòng)，以配合美國許多孩子新學(xué)年的開始。這意味著許多商店員工在慶祝節(jié)日的同時(shí)，不得不長時(shí)間工作。)”可知，本段主要講述了勞動(dòng)節(jié)的購物情況，所以E項(xiàng)“Besides,LaborDayhasbeeanimportantdayforshopping.(此外，勞動(dòng)節(jié)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)重要的購物日。)”符合本段主題，為本段中心句。故選E項(xiàng)。完形填空MymomisthemostpositivepersonIknow.Shehasa/an60spirit,seesthegoodinallpeople,andalwayssees61inanysituation.Igrewupina62,positivehomeenvironment,wheretherewerealwaysfamily63andlotsoflaughter.Ihavefondmemoriesofmymomtakingusto64everySaturdaymorning.WhilemybrotherandIwouldhaveratherstayedhomeonourdayofffromschool,shehadus65hertohelppeopleinRoanoke,Virginiawhoneededgroceries(食品雜貨)tofeedtheirfamilies.Whileshedidherservicerole,wehelpedtopreparebagsoffood.66,thisgottobesomethingwelookedforwardtoandwealwaysleftfeeling67aboutwhatwedid.Mysweetmom68madedoinghouseworkenjoyable.Thebest69Ilearnedfromherthatstickswithmetodayis“O-H-I-O”.Growingup,mymomwould70meapileofcleanclothesandIwould71setthemonthefloor,72toputthemawaylater.Mymomwouldsay,“Kids,you’vegotto73:OHIO!ThatmeansOnlyHandleItOnce.WhenIgiveyouclothes,putthemawayinyour74assoonasIgivethemtoyousotheyareonlyinyourhandsonly.”60．A．guiding B．a(chǎn)mazing C．moving D．encouraging61．A．reason B．change C．hope D．duty62．A．loving B．natural C．challenging D．cultural63．A．ties B．a(chǎn)ctivities C．businesses D．responsibilities64．A．relax B．perform C．cycle D．volunteer65．A．a(chǎn)llow B．follow C．remind D．take66．A．Surprisingly B．Fortunately C．Hopefully D．Naturally67．A．funny B．strange C．good D．confident68．A．just B．even C．still D．ever69．A．a(chǎn)dvice B．humor C．word D．custom70．A．hand B．buy C．offer D．lend71．A．repeatedly B．formally C．immediately D．finally72．A．pretending B．promising C．learning D．refusing73．A．spell B．solve C．enjoy D．remember74．A．hands B．washingmachines C．drawers D．schoolbags【答案】60．D61．C62．A63．A64．D65．B66．A67．C68．B69．C70．A71．C72．B73．D74．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的母親是一個(gè)很樂觀積極的人，會(huì)帶著作者去做志愿者，也讓她學(xué)會(huì)了“只處理一次”這個(gè)重要的做事法則。作者非常感激自己的母親。60．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她有鼓舞人心的精神，看到所有人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在任何情況下都能看到希望。A.guiding給予指導(dǎo)的；有影響的；B.

amazing令人驚喜(或驚羨、驚嘆)的；C.moving感人的；D.encouraging給人希望；振奮人心的。根據(jù)前文“MymomisthemostpositivepersonIknow”可知，作者的媽媽是一個(gè)積極樂觀的人，根據(jù)后文“seesthegoodinallpeople”可知，作者的媽媽能看到所有人好的一面，所以她的精神是帶給人希望的，讓人振奮的。故選D。61．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她有鼓舞人心的精神，看到所有人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在任何情況下都能看到希望。A.reason理由；B.change改變；C.hope希望；D.duty責(zé)任。根據(jù)前文“MymomisthemostpositivepersonIknow”可知，媽媽很樂觀，所以她在任何情況下都能看見希望。故選C。62．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我是在一個(gè)充滿愛和積極向上的家庭環(huán)境中長大的，那里總是有家庭紐帶和很多笑聲。A.loving充滿愛的；B.natural自然的；C.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.cultural與文化有關(guān)的。根據(jù)后文“therewerealwaysfamily4andlotsoflaughter”可知，作者的家里經(jīng)常充滿歡笑，說明家庭氛圍是充滿愛的。故選A。63．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我是在一個(gè)充滿愛和積極向上的家庭環(huán)境中長大的，那里總是有家庭紐帶和很多笑聲。A.ties聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；紐帶；B.activities活動(dòng)；C.businesses商業(yè)；D.responsibilities責(zé)任。根據(jù)前文“Igrewupina3,positivehomeenvironment”可知，作者家庭的氛圍很積極，很有愛，那么這個(gè)家人之間會(huì)有一種聯(lián)系，形成紐帶。故選A。64．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)媽媽每周六早上帶我們?nèi)プ鲋驹刚哂忻篮玫幕貞?。A.relax放松；B.perform表演；C.cycle騎行；D.volunteer自愿做；義務(wù)做。根據(jù)后文“shehadus6hertohelppeopleinRoanoke,Virginiawhoneededgroceries(食品雜貨)tofeedtheirfamilies”可知，作者的媽媽帶著他們?nèi)椭耍@是一種志愿活動(dòng)。故選D。65．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我哥哥和我寧愿在放假的時(shí)候呆在家里，而她卻讓我們跟著她去幫助弗吉尼亞州羅阿諾克市那些需要食品雜貨來養(yǎng)家糊口的人。A.allow允許；B.follow跟隨；C.remind提醒；D.take拿。根據(jù)前文“WhilemybrotherandIwouldhaveratherstayedhomeonourdayofffromschool”可知，作者和她的兄弟剛開始是想待在家里的，所以媽媽要他們“跟著”她去做志愿活動(dòng)。故選B。66．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，這是我們期待的事情，我們總是對(duì)我們所做的感到滿意。A.Surprisingly令人感到驚訝地；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Naturally自然而然地。根據(jù)后文“thisgottobesomethingwelookedforwardto”可知，和媽媽一起去幫助那些人慢慢成了作者他們期待的事情，根據(jù)前文“WhilemybrotherandIwouldhaveratherstayedhomeonourdayofffromschool”可知，他們一開始是不愿意去的，所以這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變是令人驚訝的。故選A。67．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，這是我們期待的事情，我們總是對(duì)我們所做的感到滿意。A.funny有趣的；B.strange奇怪的；C.good好的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)前文“wehelpedtopreparebagsoffood”可知，作者他們幫忙準(zhǔn)備食物袋，根據(jù)后文“thisgottobesomethingwelookedforwardto”可知，這件事情成了他們的期待。他們對(duì)自己做的事情感覺很好才會(huì)期待這些事情。故選C。68．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我親愛的媽媽甚至讓做家務(wù)成為一種享受。A.just僅僅；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.ever曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)后文“madedoinghouseworkenjoyable”可知，我的媽媽甚至讓做家務(wù)也變得很有趣。一般做家務(wù)是讓人討厭的，所以讓做家務(wù)變得很有趣是不容易的。根據(jù)語境，這里要用甚至來強(qiáng)調(diào)這種出乎意料，即讓做家務(wù)變得有趣。故選B。69．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從她那里學(xué)到的最讓我至今難忘的單詞是“OHIO”。A.advice建議；B.humor幽默；C.word單詞，詞；D.custom風(fēng)俗。根據(jù)后文“Ilearnedfromherthatstickswithmetodayis“O-H-I-O””可知，作者從她媽媽學(xué)來的是OHIO，這是一個(gè)單詞。故選C。70．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我成長的過程中，媽媽會(huì)遞給我一堆干凈的衣服，我馬上把它們放在地板上，承諾過會(huì)把它們收起來。A.hand交；遞給；B.buy買；C.offer提供；D.lend借。根據(jù)后文媽媽說的話“WhenIgiveyouclothes”可知，這里要表達(dá)的是媽媽遞給作者一堆干凈的衣服。故選A。71．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在我成長的過程中，媽媽會(huì)遞給我一堆干凈的衣服，我馬上把它們放在地板上，承諾過會(huì)把它們收起來。A.repeatedly重復(fù)地；B.formally正式地；C.immediately立刻；立即；D.finally最終。根據(jù)后文“toputthemawaylater”可知，作者在媽媽遞給她衣服之后說要過一會(huì)兒才把衣服收好，說明她拖拉，衣服一到她手上，她會(huì)立刻放在地上（不管）而不是收好。故選C。72．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我成長的過程中，媽媽會(huì)遞給我一堆干凈的衣服，我馬上把它們放在地板上，承諾過會(huì)把它們收起來。A.pretending假裝；B.promising承諾，答應(yīng)；C.learning學(xué)習(xí)；D.refusing拒絕。在我成長的過程中，媽媽會(huì)給我一堆干凈的衣服，我會(huì)立刻把它們放在地板上，然后承諾之后會(huì)把它們收好。故選B。73．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽會(huì)說：“孩子們，你們要記?。篛HIO！意思是只處理一次。我給你衣服的時(shí)候，我一給你，你就把衣服收起來，放在你的抽屜里，這樣它們只在你手里。”A.spell拼寫；B.solve解決；C.enjoy享受；D.remember記住。根據(jù)前文“Ilearnedfromherthatstickswithmetodayis“O-H-I-O””可知，媽媽教給作者OHIO，所以在作者不遵守的時(shí)候，她告訴作者要記住這個(gè)詞。故選D。74．考查名詞和名詞短語辨析。句意：我媽媽會(huì)說：“孩子們，你們要記?。篛HIO！意思是只處理一次。我給你衣服的時(shí)候，我一給你，你就把衣服收起來，放在你的抽屜里，這樣它們只在你手里。”A.hands手；B.washingmachines洗衣機(jī)；C.drawers抽屜；D.schoolbags書包。根據(jù)上文“Growingup,mymomwould11meapileofcleanclothes”可知，媽媽給我們干凈的衣服，所以干凈的衣服要放進(jìn)抽屜里。故選C。單句語法填空75．ItwasorganizedbyGreenHope,anorganization(devote)itselftoprotectingforest.【答案】devoting【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它是由致力于保護(hù)森林的“綠色希望”組織的。anorganization是GreenHope的同位語，空處是非謂語動(dòng)詞，devote和organization邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，devoteoneselftodoingsth.意為“致力于做某事，全身心投入做某事”，應(yīng)用devote的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，作organization的后置定語。故填devoting。76．Thenewsreportwascoveredbyvarious(medium)outlets,includingtelevisionandnewspapers.【答案】media【詳解】考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這則新聞報(bào)道被多種媒體渠道所報(bào)道，包括電視和報(bào)紙。所給詞medium本意為“(傳播信息的)媒介”，為可數(shù)名詞，空處需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式作定語，mediaoutlet固定搭配，意為“媒體渠道”。故填media。77．Thereisanothertypeoffortfood,(generate)positiveemotionsinadifferentway.【答案】generating【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：還有另一種安慰食物，以不同的方式產(chǎn)生積極的情緒。此處為非謂語，動(dòng)詞generate和前文名詞food之間是主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的關(guān)系，用其現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填generating。78．Thefarmer(harvest)cropsinthefieldfrom

8a.m.to1p.m.yesterday.【答案】washarvesting【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：昨天，這位農(nóng)民從早上8點(diǎn)到下午1點(diǎn)在田野里收割莊稼。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語from8a.m.to1p.m.yesterday可知，此處表示在過去的某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語是Thefarmer，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填washarvesting。79．Theyare(occasion)thatallowustorelaxandenjoylife.【答案】occasions【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：它們是讓我們放松并享受生活的機(jī)會(huì)。occassion是可數(shù)名詞，表示“機(jī)會(huì)，場合”作表語，由they可知，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故填occasions。80．Mr.Smith’sstrongloveforhiscountry(reflect)inhisrecentlypublishednovel.【答案】isreflected【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：史密斯先生對(duì)祖國的強(qiáng)烈熱愛反映在他最近出版的小說中?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語動(dòng)詞。句子描述一般事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，且該動(dòng)詞和主語Mr.Smith’sstronglove之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以該句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填isreflected。81．Amedicalteam(consist)of3doctorsand6nurseswasrushedtotheaccidentspot.【答案】consisting【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：一個(gè)由3名醫(yī)生和6名護(hù)士組成的醫(yī)療小組被緊急派往事故現(xiàn)場。本句的主語是Amedicalteam，謂語動(dòng)詞是wasrushed。設(shè)空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞。consistof意為“由……組成”，與邏輯主語team之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填consisting。82．How(joy)andrelaxingitistohaveagameoftabletennisafteradayofstudyatschool!【答案】joyful【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)了一天后，打一場乒乓球是多么快樂和放松??！感嘆句中，how可以修飾形容詞，此處應(yīng)用形容詞joyful和relaxing并列作表語。故填joyful。83．Intellectualpropertyisaproductofthemindthathas(商業(yè)的)value.【答案】mercial【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)是心智的產(chǎn)物，具有商業(yè)價(jià)值。根據(jù)漢語提示“商業(yè)的”和后文名詞value可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞mercial作定語修飾名詞。故填mercial。84．Thesecondstoryfocusesontwopeople(TonyLeungandFayeWong)andhowtheyinteractwitheachotheratalocalfastfoodstore(specialize)infishandchips,chef’ssaladandblackcoffee.【答案】specializing【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：第二個(gè)故事聚焦于兩個(gè)人（梁朝偉和王菲），以及他們?nèi)绾卧诋?dāng)?shù)匾患覍ｉT經(jīng)營炸魚薯?xiàng)l、廚師沙拉和黑咖啡的快餐店互動(dòng)。how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句謂語為interact，此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，且store與specialize“專門從事”為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語，修飾store。故填specializing。語篇填空Ireland’sbeautifulcountrysidehasalwaysgreatlyinfluenceditspeopleandtraditions.Thecountryhas85longhistoryofproducinggreatwritersandpoets.Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall,offeringsomethingforeachofthe86(sense).Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhills87(dot)withsheepandcattle.Anddownbythesea,theroaroftheoceanwavesandcriesoftheseabirdsmakeupthemusicofthecoast.Onaquietmorninginthemountains,feelthesunonyourskin,and88(breath)inthesweetscentoffreshflowerswhilebirdsgreetthenewday89theirmorningsong.Withallthisbeauty,90isnotsurprisingthatuptonowIreland91(develop)strongtraditionsthatincludemusic,dancing,anddining.92(have)achanceofexperiencingthis,stopbyavillagepubandrelaxwithaglassofwineoralocalbeer.93(good)yet,enjoyadelicioustraditionalIrishBeefStew.Ifyou’relucky,youmightbeabletoenjoysometraditionalmusicanddancing,too.Andifyouintroduceyourselftoafriendlyface,youaremore94likelytoexperiencelocalcultureandcustomsfirsthand.【答案】85．a(chǎn)86．senses87．dotted88．breathe89．with90．it91．hasdeveloped92．Tohave93．Better94．than【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。愛爾蘭美麗的鄉(xiāng)村一直極大地影響著它的人民和傳統(tǒng)。文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。85．考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)國家有著產(chǎn)生偉大作家和詩人的悠久歷史。havealonghistoryof意為“有著……的悠久歷史”，此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。86．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它美麗的鄉(xiāng)村令人興奮和鼓舞，為每一種感官提供了一些東西。sense意為“感官”，為可數(shù)名詞，在eachof后應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填senses。