高二英語第三次月考卷(全解全析)(譯林版2020)

20232024學(xué)年高二英語第三次月考卷全卷滿分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.(2324高二下·山東濟(jì)寧·期中)Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atravelexperience. B.Ahistorylesson. C.Atouristattraction.【答案】C【原文】W:Tom,wheredoyousuggestIgointheingholiday?M:WhynotvisitJinggangAncientTown?It’saveryfamousoldtown.Ithasalongandrichhistory.W:That’sgreat.Ireallyexpecttolearnmoreaboutthetown.2.(2324高二下·江蘇蘇州·階段練習(xí))Howdidthemanbookthehotelforhisholiday?A.OntheInternet. B.Onthephone. C.Atthetravelagency.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vebookedahotelformyholidayinItalynextmonth.Ican’twaittogo!W:Soundsexciting.I’dlovetogotoItaly,too.DidyoubookitontheInternet?M:No.Iphonedthetravelagency,andtheyfoundmejusttherightthing.3.(2324高二上·浙江紹興·期末)Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Buyapainting. B.Gotothecinema. C.Playtennis.【答案】C【原文】M:NotonlydidIbuyapaintingtoday,butIalsobookedticketstothelatestmovie.W:Notfortomorrow,Ihope.I’llgotothetennisclubwithJane.M:No,they’reforthedayaftertomorrow.Iknewyouwouldnotbeavailabletomorrow.W:Youaresosweet.4.(2324高二下·江蘇南京·階段練習(xí))Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?A.Shehasnomoneytobuyacar.B.Tomdidn’tlendhiscartoher.C.ShequarreledwithTom.【答案】B【原文】M:What’sthematter?Youdon’tseemtobeinagoodmood.W:It’sTom.Iaskedhimtolendmehiscartomorrow,andhesimplysaid“No”.Canyoubelievehowmeanhewas?5.(2324高二下·江西·階段練習(xí))Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Arrangeameeting. B.Makeanapology. C.Cancelameeting.【答案】A【原文】W:ProfessorChiu,IwaswonderingifIcouldeandseeyou.Iwanttotalktoyouaboutmypaper.M:Well,myopenofficehoursaretomorrow,fromtentotwelve.Canyouethen?W:Ihaveaclassuntileleven.CouldIeataround11:15?第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenLilyandJohn?A.Brotherandsister. B.Classmates. C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whydoesthemanwanttojoininthewoman’sactivity?A.Tohelpwithagoodcause.B.Tohavefunonthebeach.C.Tohaveaspecialcamping.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Lily,Iplannedtogocampingwithmysisterthisweekend.Wouldyouliketogowithus?W:Sorry,John,butIalreadyhaveplans.I’mgoingtothebeachwithourclassmatesGraceandDave.

M:Soundsgreat!Ialsowantsomefunonthebeach.CanIjoinyou?W:Sorry,butwe’renotgoingthereforfun.We’regoingtheretocleanupthebeach.We’vedecidedtocarryoutbeachcleanupseveryweekend.M:I’mpassionateaboutenvironmentalandclimatechangeprojects,too.Ithinktidyingtheseafrontisasimpleactionweallcantake.I’lldefinitelygowithyou.W:Good.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。(2324高二下·江蘇南京·階段練習(xí))聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Howlongwillittakethespeakerstogototheclubbycar?A.Aboutanhour. B.Abouthalfanhour. C.About10minutes.9.WhatisthewomangoingtodointheStudents’Club?A.Haveaswim. B.Playbasketball. C.Dosomerunning.10.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Attheschoolgate. B.Attheman’shome. C.Attheclub.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【原文】M:Areyoufreethisweekend?GototheStudents’Clubwithme,willyou?W:Hmm,isn’titfaraway?M:Notreally.It’sonlyabouthalfanhour’swalk.Ifyoudrivethere,itwilltakeyoujust10minutesatmost.W:Youoftengothereattheweekends,don’tyou?M:Yes,fourtimesamonth.W:SohowcanIenjoymyselfthere?M:Well,youcanplaybasketballandvolleyball.Ifyouarenotinterested,youcantrysomeindoorexercises.Theyhavealargeindoorswimmingpoolandanindoortrack.It’sagreatplacetogetrelaxed.W:OK.I’llhaveaswimthere.Howaboutmeetingmeattheschoolgate?Let’swalkthere.M:Sure.Seeyouthen.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。(2324高二下·貴州遵義·階段練習(xí))聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Heworkedovertime. B.Hewentwalking. C.Hevisitedhisaunt.12.Whydoesthemangiveupseeingtheband?A.It’sboring. B.It’sexpensive. C.It’scrowded.13.WhatwillthespeakersdotogetheronSunday?A.Playtennis. B.Gosurfing. C.Watchafilm.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:AnyplansforSaturday,Carol?I’mgoingforawalkinthehills.Ifyouwanttoe.W:ThankyoubutI’mgoingtomyauntsfortheday.M:OK,wellIcan’twaitforSaturdayandSunday.Ihadtospendlastweekendwritingareport.W:Workingatweekendsisnofun,isit?So,whatareyoudoingafteryourwalk?M:Well,theNovobandisherebutIcan’taffordtheticket.W:Whydon’tyougotothecinemainstead?M:Thecinema’snotmyideaoffunreally.Soonerorlater,youcanseemostgoodfilmsonTV.W:Yeah,that’strue.So,anythingforSunday?I’dliketogosurfing.M:I’llplaytennis,butIcouldesurfingwithyou.Icanplaytennisanothertime.W:Okay,then.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。(2324高二上·陜西咸陽·期末)聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhathelpsKarlmosttobeesuccessful?A.Hardwork. B.Goodtraining. C.Asetschedule.15.WhatdoesKarlusuallydobeforethegameday?A.Hehasgoodmeals. B.Hehasagoodrest. C.Hedoesmoretraining.16.WhendoesKarlgettothestadiumonthegameday?A.Atabout8:30a.m. B.Atabout9:00a.m. C.Atabout9:50a.m.17.WhydoKarl’steamwatchvideosofpastgames?A.Toavoidthemistakesthey’vemade.B.Torelaxthemselvespletely.C.Toknowtheopposingteam.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【原文】W:WelebacktoSoccerTips.We’retalkingtosoccerstarKarlKesseltofindoutwhatmakeshimsuchasuccessfulplayer.Karl?M:Well,purehardworkofcoursecontributesthemost.Besidesthat,goodtrainingandkeepingtoasetscheduleonthegamedayalsohelpmealot.W:Couldyoutellusabitaboutyourgamedayschedule?M:Well,it’simportanttogetalongrestthenightbeforeagame.Iusuallygetupprettylateonthedayswe’replaying.W:Whattime?M:About8:30a.m.Idon’teatrightaway.After30minutes,Iarriveatthestadium.ThenIhavebreakfastwiththeteamatabout9:50a.m.W:Doyouhaveateammeetingonthegameday?M:Ofcourse.Wegettogetherat12:00a.m.totalkaboutthegame.Wewatchvideosofpastgameswiththeotherteamat1:00p.m.W:Soyoucannoticeanymistakesyou’vemade?M:Justtoremindustheskillstheotherteamuse.W:Whataboutwarmingupbeforethegame?M:Wedowarmupexercisesstartingatabout4:45p.m.,sowe’rereadytoplaybythetimethegamestartsat5:30p.m.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。(2324高二上·浙江紹興·期末)聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Todiscussaplan.B.TointroduceabusinesswomanC.Tomakeanannouncement.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutJaneDoe?A.SheisveryexperiencedinwritingB.Sheisgoingtostartworkintheafternoon.C.Shewillworkinthehumanresourcesdepartment.20.Whenwillthereceptionbeheld?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnThursdaymorning. C.OnFridayafternoon.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【原文】Goodafternoon,guys.IamgladtotellyouthatJaneDoeisgoingtojoinourteamstartingonJune1st,thisThursday.Sheworkedatafamouswritingpanyoverthepastfiveyears,soitisexpectedthatshewillbringawealthofknowledgeregardingwriting.JaneDoewillworkasabusinesswriterintheeditorialdepartment.Ifyouworkwithherinthesamedepartment,pleasedolookforanopportunitytogreetherinpersonandhelpbreakherin.Weareasmallbutenergeticteamofcreativepeople.Weareexcitedtowelenewperspectivesandapproaches.Pleaseletherknowthatweareexcitedaboutherjoiningourteam.Besides,ourcolleaguesinthehumanresourcesdepartmenthavepreparedareceptionforthisFridayintheconferenceroomtoweleJaneDoe.Pleasejoinusat3p.m.foracupcakeandicedtea.ItwouldbemuchappreciatedifyoucouldjoinmeingivingJaneawarmweleinourpany.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2324高二下·廣東廣州·階段練習(xí))◆WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?It’scalledtheMozzyWatch.Itisastylishandfortablebandthatinstantlybringspeaceofmind,foritkeepsthoseannoyingmosquitoesaway.Itismadeofahardenedceramicmaterial,soitisverytoughandalmostunbreakable.◆________MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驅(qū)除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.Atfirst,wewereskepticalabouthowthisdevicecouldworkwithouttheuseofchemicals.So,wedecidedtotestitandtheresultswereamazing.EveryoneonourteamexperiencedwonderfulresultsafterusingMozzyWatch.◆KeyMozzyWatchFeatures,Facts,andBenefits:□pletelysafeEveryonecanusethisdevice:kids,pregnantwomenandevenpets.Itusesnochemicalsandtheultrasonicsoundsitproduceshavebeenprovensafe.□fortableMozzyWatchislightweightandstylish.□RechargeablewithlongbatterylifeItcanbechargedusinganormalUSBchargerandthebatterycanlastuptooneweek.□ImprovesqualityofsleepNomoreannoyingbuzzingmosquitosoundsaroundyourears.◆HowMuchDoestheMozzyWatchCost?TheMozzyWatchisjust$79.90,whichismorethanworthit,consideringhowmuchyousaveonthelongrun.Butitgetsevenbetter!Ifyouclickonanyofthepromotionaldiscountcouponsbelow,you’llgetitfor$49ANDFREESHIPPINGWORLDWIDE!◆HowDoIGettheMozzyWatch?Nowthatyouknowaboutthisamazingnewproduct,orderonefromtheofficialsupplier’swebsitehere:s://top/mozzywatchEnjoypeaceofmindfreefromannoyingmosquitoesandinsects!21.WhichwouldbethebestheadingforParagraph2?A.WhyDoWeNeedMozzyWatch?B.WhoAreSuitabletoWearMozzyWatch?C.HowDoesMozzyWatchWorktoProtectYou?D.HowDidOurTeamDotheTestonMozzyWatch?22.HowdoestheauthorpromoteMozzyWatchtoconsumers?A.Bydescribingitsstylishdesignindetail.B.Byhighlightingitsuniquetechnicalfeatures.C.Byofferingfeedbackfromthousandsofusers.D.Bygivingspecialbuyonegetonefreediscounts.23.Onwhatkindofwebsitewouldyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Sports. B.Opinion. C.Biology. D.Health.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了一款名為MozzyWatch的產(chǎn)品，它有驅(qū)蚊功效，并介紹了它的作用、技術(shù)原理、價(jià)格和購買方式。21.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驅(qū)除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.(MozzyWatch使用超聲波驅(qū)除蚊子和蒼蠅！這些超聲波頻率對(duì)人類和寵物是完全無害的。)”可知，第二段介紹了MozzyWatch如何驅(qū)除蚊子和蒼蠅并保護(hù)人類免受傷害的。“HowDoesMozzyWatchWorkToProtectYou?”意為“MozzyWatch是如何保護(hù)你的？”能夠概括段落主旨。故選C項(xiàng)。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“MozzyWatchusesultrasonicsoundstorepel(驅(qū)除)mosquitoesandflies!Theseultrasonicfrequenciesarepletelyharmlesstohumansandpets.(MozzyWatch使用超聲波驅(qū)除蚊子和蒼蠅！這些超聲波頻率對(duì)人類和寵物是完全無害的。)”可知，第二段介紹了MozzyWatch使用超聲波驅(qū)除蚊子和蒼蠅，并對(duì)人類和寵物是完全無害的。根據(jù)第三段主旨句“KeyMozzyWatchFeatures,Facts,andBenefits(MozzyWatch的主要特色、事實(shí)和優(yōu)勢(shì))”可知，作者在這段介紹了MozzyWatch的特色和優(yōu)勢(shì)，包括文中提到的pletelysafe(完全安全)、fortable(舒適的)和Improvesqualityofsleep(改善睡眠質(zhì)量)等。由此可知，作者是通過突出其獨(dú)特的技術(shù)特色來向消費(fèi)者推銷MozzyWatch的。故選B項(xiàng)。23.推理判斷題。瀏覽文章，根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“It’scalledtheMozzyWatch.Itisastylishandfortablebandthatinstantlybringspeaceofmind,foritkeepsthoseannoyingmosquitoesaway.(它叫MozzyWatch。這是一個(gè)時(shí)尚和舒適的手環(huán)，戴上它能夠立即帶來大腦的平靜，因?yàn)樗梢宰屇切┯憛挼奈米舆h(yuǎn)離。)”可知，本文主要介紹了一款名為MozzyWatch的產(chǎn)品，它有驅(qū)蚊功效，且對(duì)人類的身體完全無害。這款產(chǎn)品和人的健康有關(guān)，由此可知，你可能會(huì)在健康網(wǎng)站上找到這篇文章。故選D項(xiàng)。B(2324高二下·湖北·階段練習(xí))IhavebeenahealthcareassistantwithMarieCurieforfouryears.Whatledmetojointhisremarkableorganizationwasadeeplypersonalexperience.Sevenyearsago,myfatherwasinthehospital,andIwasinformedthathewasintheendoflifestage.Hehadwantedtobeathomeduringhisfinalmoments,soIarrangedforhimtoreturnhome.Hespentonlyonemorenightthere,buthewasn’talone.AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.That’swhenImadethedecisiontojoinMarieCurie.Workingforthecharity,IfindmyselfondutyduringmostChristmases.Weoperateeverysingleday,includingholidays.YoumightassumethatbeingwithfamiliesduringtheirlastChristmas,knowingit’sadifficulttimeforthepersonthey’recaringfor,wouldbeasadexperience.Butwhatmaysurpriseyouisthatit’snot.Thefamilies,inmyexperience,arenotsad.Theymakethemostofthetimetheyhaveleftandtheyremainpositiveforeveryoneknowswhat’sing.Theyunderstandthattheirlovedoneisdying,butit’snotatimeforsorrow,it’satimeoftogethernessandwarmth.Irememberoneparticularfamily—threesisters—andthefourthwasintheendoflifestage.WhenIarrived,shewasinacriticalcondition,andIknewshemightnotmakeitthroughthenight.Butsittingwiththesisters,talkingabouttheirchildhood,recallingwhathappenedinthepastwasaspecialtime.Theymentionedthattheirsisterhadaskedforpeachesandcreamearlierthatday,andtheymadesureshegotwhatshewanted.Shewenttosleep,andwelostherthatnight.Wecan’tchangewhathappenstous,butwecanmakeadifference.Weprovidesupportthroughthestagesofsadnessandstruggles.And,surprisingly,peoplemaynotsufferthatmuch.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieCuriefromthepassage?A.Itisaremarkablehealthcareorganizationforbenefit.B.Itisoneofthemostvolunteerorganizationsintheworld.C.Itwon’toffertheserviceduringsomeimportantfestivals.D.Itcanbeabigforttothosefacingtheirbelovedones’death.25.Whydoestheauthorcallthefamilymentionedinparagraph3“particular”?A.Becauseofthespecialrelationshipbetweenthem.B.Becauseoftheirunusualandabnormalbehaviour.C.Becauseofthecountlesshardshipthefamilyhassuffered.D.Becauseofthefamily’scourageandcalmnessfacingmisfortune.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Misfortunemightbeanactualblessing.C.Wherethereisaction,thereisdifference. D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethevolunteersinMarieCurie?A.Devotedandcaring. B.Giftedandgenerous.C.Hardworkingandhonest. D.Sensitiveanddetermined.【答案】24.D25.D26.C27.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者加入MarieCurie這個(gè)為臨終患者提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)的原因，以及自己加入后的一些經(jīng)歷和感受。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.(一位MarieCurie的護(hù)士在我們身邊。知道所愛的人走到了生命的盡頭，面對(duì)這種情緒會(huì)讓人心碎。有護(hù)士陪著我們更容易處理這些情緒)”和第三段中“YoumightassumethatbeingwithfamiliesduringtheirlastChristmas,knowingit’sadifficulttimeforthepersonthey’recaringfor,wouldbeasadexperience.Butwhatmaysurpriseyouisthatit’snot.Thefamilies,inmyexperience,arenotsad.(你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，和家人一起度過他們的最后一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)，知道這對(duì)他們關(guān)心的人來說是一段艱難的時(shí)光，會(huì)是一種悲傷的經(jīng)歷。但令你驚訝的是，事實(shí)并非如此。根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這些家庭并不悲傷)”可知，在作者自己的經(jīng)歷，以及其他患者家屬的經(jīng)歷中，MarieCurie的工作人員為患者的家屬提供了一些安慰和照顧。由此可知，對(duì)于那些面對(duì)親人死亡的人來說，這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)是一個(gè)很大的安慰。故選D。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Irememberoneparticularfamily—threesisters—andthefourthwasintheendoflifestage.WhenIarrived,shewasinacriticalcondition,andIknewshemightnotmakeitthroughthenight.Butsittingwiththesisters,talkingabouttheirchildhood,recallingwhathappenedinthepastwasaspecialtime.Theymentionedthattheirsisterhadaskedforpeachesandcreamearlierthatday,andtheymadesureshegotwhatshewanted.Shewenttosleep,andwelostherthatnight.(我記得有一個(gè)家庭——三個(gè)姐妹——第四個(gè)已經(jīng)到了生命的最后階段。當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，她情況危急，我知道她可能活不過今晚。但是和姐妹們坐在一起，談?wù)撍麄兊耐?，回憶過去發(fā)生的事情是一個(gè)特殊的時(shí)刻。她們提到她們的妹妹那天早些時(shí)候要了桃子和奶油，她們確保她得到了她想要的。她睡著了，那晚我們失去了她)”可知，這個(gè)特殊的家庭面對(duì)這種情況并沒有慌張，而是聚在一起，回憶過去，盡量滿足患者的要求。由此推知，這個(gè)家庭的特殊之處在于面對(duì)不幸時(shí)的勇氣和冷靜。故選D。26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wecan’tchangewhathappenstous,butwecanmakeadifference.Weprovidesupportthroughthestagesofsadnessandstruggles.And,surprisingly,peoplemaynotsufferthatmuch.(我們無法改變發(fā)生在我們身上的事情，但我們可以產(chǎn)生影響。我們?cè)诒瘋蛼暝碾A段提供支持。而且，令人驚訝的是，人們可能不會(huì)遭受那么多痛苦)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人無法改變不幸，但卻可以通過提供支持來削弱那種痛苦。由此可知，作者想表達(dá)的是哪里有行動(dòng)，哪里就有不同。故選C。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AMarieCurienursewasbyourside.Facingtheemotionsthatewithknowingalovedoneisattheendoftheirlifecanbeheartbreaking.Havinganursewithusmadeiteasiertodealwiththesefeelings.(一位MarieCurie的護(hù)士在我們身邊。知道所愛的人走到了生命的盡頭，面對(duì)這種情緒會(huì)讓人心碎。有護(hù)士陪著我們更容易處理這些情緒)”和第三段中“Workingforthecharity,IfindmyselfondutyduringmostChristmases.(在這家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)工作，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在大多數(shù)圣誕節(jié)期間都要值班)”可推知，MarieCurie的志愿者有奉獻(xiàn)精神且關(guān)心他人。故選A。C(2324高二下·江蘇蘇州·階段練習(xí))Establishedearthquakewarningsystemsprovideatbestjustaminuteortwoofnotice,leavinglittletimeforpreparedness.Decadesofsearchingforabetterwarningsignchangesinthegeochemistryofgroundwater,electromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosphere,andevenchangesinanimalbehaviorhavefailed.Manyquestionwhethersuchaprecursor(先兆)evenexists.Thissituationmaychangesoon,asrecentresearchisprovidingaglimmerofhopeforimprovedearthquakeprediction.ResearchersQuentinBleteryandJeanMathieuNocquetfromCoted’AzurUniversityinFrancecollecteddatafromover90earthquakeswithmagnitudeslargerthan7thathadoccurredinthepasttwodecades.TheyfocusedonGPSstationrecordsnearthesequakes,whichaccuratelycapturedlandmovementevery5minuteswithmillimeterprecision.Theyanalyzedmorethan3,000timeseriesofmotioninthe48hoursleadinguptothemainruptures(斷裂).Theynoticedthat,inthefirst46hours,therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthquake,theynoticedsignsofincreasingmovementalongthefaultzones(斷層帶).Essentially,there’saslipbetweenplatescausingthelandabovethemtomoveinameasurable,horizontaldirection.Couldthisbejustacoincidence?Theprobabilityofthisincreasehappeningjustbeforethequakeandbeingunrelatedisextremelylow,andtheresearchersconfirmedthisbyanalyzing100,000randomtimewindowsinnonearthquakeGPSdata.Thepatternoccurredonly0.03%ofthetimeinnonearthquakedata.Whilethisprecursorsignalwon’tbeusedforwarningsanytimesoon,officialsfromtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)admitthatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintohowtoimprovetheirwarningsystemsGPSdatacangreasethewheelsofearlyearthquakewarnings.Theresearchersadmitthey'restillanumberofstepsawayfromputtingthisprecursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetectingsubtlesignalsatindividualfaultsrequiresmoreGPSstations.Butthebiggestproblemisthatmanyoftheworld’searthquakeregionshavenoinstrumentation.“Wecan’trealizethedetectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowecannotmakepredictions,”Bleterysaid.28.Whatremainsatoughproblemforscientists?A.Determiningthemagnitudeofanearthquake.B.Findingawaytodetectearthquakesinearlystages.C.Measuringatmosphericchangesduringearthquakes.D.Identifyinganimals’possibleresponsestoearthquakes.29.Whatdidtheresearchersfindthroughtheirdataanalysis?A.Thechanceofmainrupturesoccurringinfaultzones.B.TheaccuracyofGPSinrecordinglandmovement.C.Theexistenceofatwohourprecursoryphase.D.Thehorizontalslipwithinthefirst46hours.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“greasethewheelsof”inparagraph5mean?A.Distinguish B.Contradict C.Overmatch D.Facilitate31.Whatholdsbackthepracticalapplicationofthenewfindings?A.Theinaccessibilityofprecursorsignals.B.TheplexityofupdatingGPSequipment.C.Thechallengeofidentifyingearthquakeregions.D.Theinconsistentslippatternsofdifferentearthquakes.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于一種地震前兆信號(hào)的新研究，給地震預(yù)測(cè)帶來了希望。并主要介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程，價(jià)值以及阻礙。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Decadesofsearchingforabetterwarningsignchangesinthegeochemistryofgroundwater,electromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosphere,andevenchangesinanimalbehaviorhavefailed.Manyquestionwhethersuchaprecursor(先兆)evenexists.(幾十年來，人們一直在尋找更好的預(yù)警信號(hào)——地下水地球化學(xué)的變化、高層大氣的電磁效應(yīng)，甚至動(dòng)物行為的變化——但都以失敗告終。許多人甚至質(zhì)疑這樣的前兆是否存在。)”可知，科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀幻媾R的難題是找到早期階段監(jiān)測(cè)地震的方法，故選B。29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theynoticedthat,inthefirst46hours,therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthquake,theynoticedsignsofincreasingmovementalongthefaultzones(斷層帶).(他們注意到，在最初的46個(gè)小時(shí)里，記錄沒有顯示出明顯的特征。然而，在地震發(fā)生前的2小時(shí)內(nèi)，他們注意到沿?cái)嗔褞б苿?dòng)增加的跡象。)”可知，研究人員通過數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)地震發(fā)生前2小時(shí)前兆的存在。故選C。30.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Whilethisprecursorsignalwon'tbeusedforwarningsanytimesoon,officialsfromtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)admitthatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintohowtoimprovetheirwarningsystems(雖然這種前兆信號(hào)短期內(nèi)不會(huì)用于預(yù)警，但美國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局(USGS)的官員承認(rèn)，這項(xiàng)新研究為如何改進(jìn)他們的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)提供了有價(jià)值的見解)”故推測(cè)下文意思是GPS數(shù)據(jù)可以推動(dòng)早期地震預(yù)警的進(jìn)展，所以greasethewheelsof意思是推動(dòng)進(jìn)展，故選D。31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersadmitthey'restillanumberofstepsawayfromputtingthisprecursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetectingsubtlesignalsatindividualfaultsrequiresmoreGPSstations.Butthebiggestproblemisthatmanyoftheworld'searthquakeregionshavenoinstrumentation.“Wecan'trealizethedetectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowecannotmakepredictions,”Bleterysaid.(研究人員承認(rèn)，他們距離將這種前兆信號(hào)投入使用還有很長的路要走，特別是因?yàn)樵趩蝹€(gè)斷層處檢測(cè)細(xì)微信號(hào)需要更多的GPS站。但最大的問題是，世界上許多地震地區(qū)沒有儀器?！拔覀儫o法在一次地震的規(guī)模上實(shí)現(xiàn)探測(cè)，所以我們無法做出預(yù)測(cè)，”布萊里說。)”由此可知因?yàn)楹芏嗟卣鸬貐^(qū)沒有儀器，所以我們很難監(jiān)測(cè)前兆信號(hào)，也就是前兆信號(hào)的不可接近性阻礙了新發(fā)現(xiàn)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，故選A。D(2324高二下·江蘇泰州·階段練習(xí))Placedbeforeyouaretwopots.Eachcontains100balls.Youaregivenacleardescriptionofthefirstpot’scontents,inwhichthereare50redballsand50blackballs.Theeconomistrunningtheexperimentistightlippedaboutthesecond,sayingonlythatthereare100ballsdividedbetweenredandblackinsomepercentage.Thenyouareofferedachoice.Pickaredballfromapotandyouwillgetamilliondollars.Whichpotwouldyouliketopullfrom?Nowtryagain,butselectablackball.Whichpotthistime?Mostpeoplechoosethefirstpotbothtimes,despitesuchachoiceimplyingthattherearebothmoreandfewerredballsthaninthesecondpot.ThisfactisknownastheEllsbergparadoxafterDanielEllsberg,whocalledthebehaviourhateuncertainty.Itrevealsadeeperproblemfacingtheworldasitstruggleswithclimatechange.

Ignoranceofthefuturecarriesacosttoday:uncertaintymakesrisksuninsurable,orattheveryleastexpensive.Thelessinsurersknowaboutrisks,themorecapitaltheyneedtoprotecttheirbalancesheetsagainstpossiblelosses.Insuranceisatoolofclimateadaptation.Indeed,insurancecalculatorshaveasbigaroletoplayasactivistsinthefightagainstclimatechange.Withoutinsurance,thosewhosehomesburninawildfireoraredestroyedbyafloodwillloseeverything.Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.Ifpricesarewrong,societywillbemorehurtbyahotterworldthanotherwisewouldbethecase.Politiciansconsideringfinancialaidforhomeinsuranceonfloodplainsoughttonote.32.Theexperimentofthetwopotsshowsthat___________.A.instinctsometimesworksbetterthanreasoning B.mostpeoplepreferpredictabilitytouncertaintyC.peoplearewillingtotakeriskstogetareward D.itisimpossibletoalwaysmaketherightdecision33.What’sthefunctionsofinsurance?A.Itraisespeople’sawarenessofclimatechange. B.Itpreventspeoplefromtakingrisks.C.Itmotivatespeopletoadapttoriskyenvironment. D.Ithelpsclimaterefugeestorelocate.34.What’sauthor’sattitudetowardsfinancialaidsforhomeinsurance?A.Opposing B.Supportive C.Uncertain D.Ambiguous35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Preventionisbetterthanremedy B.ImprovingforecastcanreduceuncertaintyC.Uncertaintypushesupthepriceofinsurance D.Speedyactionisurgentlyneededforclimatechange【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，文章通過埃爾斯伯格悖論闡述了全球日益變暖導(dǎo)致氣候變化的背景下，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的不確定性如何推高保險(xiǎn)價(jià)格，以及準(zhǔn)確反應(yīng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的保險(xiǎn)定價(jià)對(duì)于適應(yīng)適應(yīng)氣候變化、規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的重要性。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Placedbeforeyouaretwopots.Eachcontains100balls.Youaregivenacleardescriptionofthefirstpot’scontents,inwhichthereare50redballsand50blackballs.Theeconomistrunningtheexperimentistightlippedaboutthesecond,sayingonlythatthereare100ballsdividedbetweenredandblackinsomepercentage.Thenyouareofferedachoice.Pickaredballfromapotandyouwillgetamilliondollars.Whichpotwouldyouliketopullfrom?Nowtryagain,butselectablackball.Whichpotthistime?Mostpeoplechoosethefirstpotbothtimes,despitesuchachoiceimplyingthattherearebothmoreandfewerredballsthaninthesecondpot.(擺在你面前的是兩個(gè)罐子。每個(gè)裝有100個(gè)球。你會(huì)得到第一個(gè)罐子內(nèi)容的清晰描述，里面有50個(gè)紅色的球和50個(gè)黑色的球。負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)第二個(gè)守口如瓶，只說有100個(gè)球按一定比例分為紅色和黑色。然后你可以選擇。從鍋里挑一個(gè)紅色的球，你會(huì)得到一百萬美元。你想從哪個(gè)鍋里選？現(xiàn)在再試一次，但選擇一個(gè)黑色的球。這次是哪個(gè)罐子？大多數(shù)人兩次都選擇第一個(gè)鍋，盡管這樣的選擇意味著紅球比第二個(gè)罐子多也少。)”可知，在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，大多數(shù)人更愿意從已知比例的罐子中抽取球，在選擇時(shí)更傾向于可預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)果；結(jié)合第二段“ThisfactisknownastheEllsbergparadoxafterDanielEllsberg,whocalledthebehaviourhateuncertainty.(這一事實(shí)被稱為埃爾斯伯格悖論，以丹尼爾·埃爾斯伯格的名字命名，他稱這種行為是對(duì)模糊性的厭惡。)”可知，兩個(gè)罐子的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明大多數(shù)人喜歡可預(yù)測(cè)性，厭惡不確定性。故選B。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Insuranceisatoolofclimateadaptation.(保險(xiǎn)是適應(yīng)氣候變化的一種工具。)”以及“Withoutinsurance,thosewhosehomesburninawildfireoraredestroyedbyafloodwillloseeverything.Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.(如果沒有保險(xiǎn)，那些房屋被野火燒毀或被洪水摧毀的人將失去一切。保險(xiǎn)也可以成為糾正措施的動(dòng)機(jī)。更高的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用準(zhǔn)確地反映了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，刺激人們更快地適應(yīng)，無論是通過阻止在危險(xiǎn)地區(qū)建房，還是鼓勵(lì)人們離開高火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)。)”可知，保險(xiǎn)可以幫助遭受自然災(zāi)害的人們，避免他們失去一切；當(dāng)保費(fèi)準(zhǔn)確反映相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，就會(huì)激勵(lì)人們盡早適應(yīng)，可以通過阻止高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)的建設(shè)或鼓勵(lì)人們從火災(zāi)多發(fā)地區(qū)搬遷來降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此可知，保險(xiǎn)的作用是促使人們適應(yīng)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境。故選C。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Insurancecanalsobeamotiveforcorrectiveaction.Higherinsuranceexpenses,whichaccuratelyreflectrisk,stimulatepeopletoadaptsooner,whetherbydiscouragingbuildinginriskyareasorencouragingpeopletomoveawayfromhighfireriskland.Ifpricesarewrong,societywillbemorehurtbyahotterworldthanotherwisewouldbethecase.Politiciansconsideringfinancialaidforhomeinsuranceonfloodplainsoughttonote.(保險(xiǎn)也可以成為糾正措施的動(dòng)機(jī)。更高的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用準(zhǔn)確地反映了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，刺激人們更快地適應(yīng)，無論是通過阻止在危險(xiǎn)地區(qū)建房，還是鼓勵(lì)人們離開高火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)。如果價(jià)格是錯(cuò)誤的，世界變暖對(duì)社會(huì)的傷害將比其他情況更大?？紤]為洪水平原地區(qū)的家庭保險(xiǎn)提供財(cái)政援助的政客們應(yīng)該注意到這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，當(dāng)保費(fèi)準(zhǔn)確反映相