北京市順義區(qū)第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題

高二年級第一學(xué)期10月學(xué)業(yè)成果展示——英語本試卷共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ThestoryofJenniferBrickerisoneofthemostamazingstory,whichisfullofbothgreatsurprisesandlifelessons.JenniferwasborninRomaniawithoutanylegs.Shewaslater____1____byalovingAmericanfamily,theBrickers,andraisedinthesmalltownofHardinville,Illinois.TheBrickersneverletthis____2____stopherfromachievingherdreams.Hernewparentsgaveherasimplerule,“Neversaycan’t”!Theydidwhatevertheycouldtomakeherlifeasuccess.Thegirlwas____3____justliketheBrickers’ownchildren.Shewasencouragedtoplaywiththeothernormalboysandgirlsandbecamegoodatmany____4____,includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.Butitwastumbling(翻騰運(yùn)動)thatwashertruelove.Whenshewasalittlegirl,shewasabig____5____oftheOlympicgoldmedalistDominqueMoceanu.ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu____6____inthetumblingprogramsandcontinuepracticingafterwards.AsshegrewolderJenniferbegan____7____againstprofessionaltumblingathletesaroundIllinois.Notonlydidshepete,butsheevenwentontobeeaStateChampion!Jenniferandherfamilyalwaysbelievedshecoulddowhatevershewantedtoandthatherpositiveattitudeandhardworkwouldmakeitanother____8____.Ifherstorywasnotamazingenoughalready,whenJenniferturned16,shegotthemost____9____newsinherlife.ShelearnedthatherbelovedDominqueMoceanuwasactuallyherbiologicalsister!NowJenniferistouringthecountryasa(n)_____10_____speakertoencouragemoredisabledyoungsters.1.A.adopted B.injured C.sold D.seen2.A.disability B.gift C.excuse D.failure3.A.signedup B.broughtup C.putup D.keptup4.A.roles B.instruments C.sports D.tricks5.A.audience B.athlete C.member D.fan6.A.performed B.appeared C.hosted D.challenged7.A.peting B.fighting C.acting D.going8.A.pity B.topic C.challenge D.success9.A.disturbing B.popular C.unbelievable D.reliable10.A.fluent B.loud C.silent D.inspiring【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是先天無腿的詹妮弗·布里克在父母的鼓勵(lì)下積極參加體育鍛煉，并參加州運(yùn)動會而最終成為冠軍的故事，而且她的故事充滿了驚奇，她還進(jìn)行全國巡回演講激勵(lì)那些殘疾青少年?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，她被一個(gè)充滿愛心的美國家庭布里克收養(yǎng)，并在伊利諾伊州哈丁維爾的小鎮(zhèn)上長大。A.adopted收養(yǎng)；B.injured受傷；C.sold賣；D.seen看見。根據(jù)下文中的“Thegirlwas____3____justliketheBrickers’ownchildren.”可知，她像布里克家自己的孩子一樣，由此可推斷，此空指的是她是被布里克家“收養(yǎng)”的。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：布里克夫婦從未讓這種殘疾阻止她實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想。A.disability殘疾；B.gift禮物；C.excuse借口；D.failure失敗。根據(jù)上文中的“JenniferwasborninRomaniawithoutanylegs.”可知，詹妮弗天生沒有腿，由此可推斷，此處指的是布里克一家沒有讓“殘疾”阻礙她實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)女孩就像布里克家自己的孩子一樣被撫養(yǎng)長大。A.signedup報(bào)名；B.broughtup培養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)；C.putup張貼；D.keptup維持。根據(jù)語境和下文中的“Shewasencouragedtoplaywiththeothernormalboysandgirlsandbecamegoodatmany____4____,includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.”可知，她被鼓勵(lì)和其他正常的男孩和女孩一起玩耍，由此可知，此處指的是她被像其他孩子一樣被“培養(yǎng)”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她被鼓勵(lì)和其他正常的男孩和女孩一起玩耍，并擅長許多運(yùn)動，包括排球、壘球和籃球。A.roles角色；B.instruments樂器；C.sports運(yùn)動；D.tricks詭計(jì)。根據(jù)語境和下文中的“includingvolleyball,softballandbasketball.”可知，此處指的是“體育運(yùn)動”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候，她是奧運(yùn)會金牌得主DominqueMoceanu的忠實(shí)粉絲。A.audience聽眾；B.athlete運(yùn)動員；C.member成員；D.fan粉絲。根據(jù)上文中的“Butitwastumbling(翻騰運(yùn)動)thatwashertruelove.”可知，翻騰運(yùn)動是詹妮弗的真愛，結(jié)合下文“ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu____6____inthetumblingprogramsandcontinuepracticingafterwards.”可知，無論何時(shí)電視上有DominqueMoceanu的翻騰運(yùn)動的節(jié)目，她都會去模仿，由此可推斷，她是DominqueMoceanu的“粉絲”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)DominqueMoceanu出現(xiàn)在電視的翻騰運(yùn)動節(jié)目中，她都會模仿她，然后繼續(xù)練習(xí)。A.performed表演，執(zhí)行；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.hosted主辦；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文中的“ShewouldcopyheronTVwheneverDominqueMoceanu”可知，詹妮弗都要去模仿DominqueMoceanu的翻騰運(yùn)動，由此可推斷，此處指的是每次DominqueMoceanu“出現(xiàn)”在電視節(jié)目中。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著年齡的增長，詹妮弗開始參加伊利諾斯州的專業(yè)翻騰運(yùn)動運(yùn)動比賽。A.peting競爭，參加比賽；B.fighting戰(zhàn)斗；C.acting表演；D.going去，走。根據(jù)下文中的“Notonlydidshepete,butsheevenwentontobeeaStateChampion!”可知，她不僅要參加比賽，而且她甚至成為了州冠軍，由此可知，此處為“參加比賽”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詹妮弗和她的家人一直相信她可以做任何她想做的事，她積極的態(tài)度和努力的工作將使她再次成功。A.pity可惜；B.topic話題；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.success成功。根據(jù)上文中的“Jenniferandherfamilyalwaysbelievedshecoulddowhatevershewantedtoandthatherpositiveattitudeandhardworkwouldmakeit”可知，詹妮弗和她的家人始終相信她積極的態(tài)度以及刻苦的訓(xùn)練會使人“成功”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果她的故事還不夠神奇的話，當(dāng)詹妮弗16歲的時(shí)候，她得到了生命中最令人難以置信的消息。A.disturbing令人不安的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.unbelievable難以置信的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)下文中的“ShelearnedthatherbelovedDominqueMoceanuwasactuallyherbiologicalsister!”可知，她了解到她崇拜的偶像DominqueMoceanu竟是她的姐姐，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為這是一個(gè)“難以置信的”消息。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在詹妮弗作為一個(gè)鼓舞人心的演講者在全國巡回演講，鼓勵(lì)更多的殘疾青少年。A.fluent流利的；B.loud聲音大的；C.silent沉默的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)語境和下文中的“toencouragemoredisabledyoungsters.”可知，詹妮弗全國演講鼓勵(lì)更多的殘疾青少年，由此可知推斷，此處指的是她作為一名“鼓舞人心的”演講者，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheStarryNight____11____(paint)byVanGoghin1889.Hepainted____12____hesawfromhiswindow.Itisnowoneoftheworld’smostfamous____13____(painting).【答案】11.waspainted12.what13.paintings【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是梵高的畫作《星夜》。【11題詳解】考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：《星夜》是梵高1889年畫的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語動詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in1889可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)，結(jié)合句意，paint與句子主語TheStarryNight之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且句子主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞使用was。故填waspain【12題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：他把從窗戶里看到的畫了下來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作painted的賓語，從句中缺少賓語，且此處指的是事物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what。故填what【13題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它現(xiàn)在是世界上最著名的畫作之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為名詞作賓語，根據(jù)“oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”可知，應(yīng)用painting的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填paintings。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ThepeoplelivinginWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May,2008.Now,morethan10yearson,thepeopleinWenchuanarelivinga____14____（good）lifethanbefore.Manyliveinnewtowns____15____peoplecanlivesafely.Thepeoplewillneverforgetthosewho____16____（rescue）themandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoungadultshavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.WenchuanhasbeeasymboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.【答案】14.better15.where16.rescued【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了汶川縣人民經(jīng)過地震后勇敢面對生活和永不放棄的精神?！?4題詳解】考查比較級。句意：現(xiàn)在，10多年過去了，汶川人民的生活比以前更好了。根據(jù)thanbefore可知，good應(yīng)該使用比較級，故填better?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：許多人住在人們可以安全生活的新市鎮(zhèn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，towns是先行詞，指物，從句缺少狀語，使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填where?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人民永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記那些營救他們并幫助他們重建家園的人。動詞rescue和helped并列，使用一般過去時(shí)，故填rescued。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。In2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirl____17____wassingingoneofhisworks.Inspired,heaskedhisfans____18____（make）videos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Hisfirstvirtualchoirhad185singers____19____twentydifferentcountries.IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoir____20____（bee）aworldwidephenomenon.【答案】17.who##that18.tomake19.from20.hasbee【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了惠特克創(chuàng)辦的虛擬合唱團(tuán)已經(jīng)廣受世界人民的喜愛?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：2009年，惠特克收到一段視頻，視頻中一個(gè)女孩正在演唱他的一首作品。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，girl是先行詞，指人，從句中缺主語，因此使用關(guān)系代詞who或者that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who或者that?！?8題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：受到啟發(fā)，他讓粉絲們制作視頻，然后他把這些視頻組合成一場表演。asksbtodosth：叫某人做某事。故填tomake。【19題詳解】考查介詞。句意：他的第一個(gè)虛擬合唱團(tuán)有來自20個(gè)不同國家的185名歌手。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入介詞，需要的詞義為“來自”。故填from。【20題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：從那時(shí)起，虛擬合唱團(tuán)已經(jīng)成為一種世界性的現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)句中的“sincethen”可知，謂語動詞使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語thevirtualchoir

為單數(shù)意義且與動詞bee是主動關(guān)系。故填hasbee。第二部分：閱讀理解(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheBestNoodlesinChinaLet’strydifferentnoodlesandfindoutwhatmakesthesenoodlessospecial.Zhenjiang’potcovernoodleOrigin:Zhenjiang,JiangsuPrice:15RMBPotcovernoodleisZhenjiang’sspecialfood.Whenthenoodleisbeingboiled,awoodenlidisputontheboilingwater.That’swhyitisnamed“WokLidNoodle”.Thespecialnoodleusedforthisdishiscalled“JumpyNoodle”,whichhastinyholesthatabsorbtheflavorsquicklyandofferachewytexture(口感).Shanxi’sslicednoodleOrigin:Taiyuan,ShanxiPrice:15~25RMBSlicednoodleoriginatedinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvinceinthe12thcentury,andhaslongenjoyedthetitleof“KingofNoodle”.Thenoodleispeeled(削)withaknife,soitiscalled“KnifePeeledNoodle”.Smoothandchewy,softyetneversticky,thenoodlepossessesauniquetexture.Itisservedwithtomatoandmeatsauce.Muttonsoupisthemostpopular.Lanzhou’shandpullednoodleOrigin:Lanzhou,GansuPrice:Under15RMBLanzhou’shandpullednoodleisservedwithbeef,pepper,sourgarlic,andbeefsoupcookedwithsecretrecipesoftheHuiminority.ItisusuallyenjoyedforbreakfastorlunchbypeopleinthenorthwestofChina.Yanji’ssobanoodleOrigin:Yanji,JilinPrice:18~25RMBYanji’ssobanoodleisthetraditionalfoodofChina’sKoreanminority.Boiledsobanoodleisputincoldwater,andthenmixedwithcoldbeefsoup.Thesweetandsoursobanoodleprovestobeagreattreatinthehotsummer.21.WhichofthefollowingdisheshastousethesocalledJumpyNoodle?A.Yanji’ssobanoodle. B.Shanxi’sslicednoodle.C.Lanzhou’shandpullednoodle. D.Zhenjiang’spotcovernoodle.22.WheredoesLanzhou’shandpullednoodleoriginateinChina?A.InthenortheastofChina. B.InthenorthwestofChina.C.IntheeastofChina. D.InthenorthofChina.23.WhatisuniqueaboutYanji’ssobanoodle?A.Itisakindofcoldnoodle. B.Itisservedwithsoup.CItiseateninsummer. D.Itismadebyaminoritygroup.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了我國最著名的四種面條?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zhenjiang’potcovernoodle中“Thespecialnoodleusedforthisdishiscalled“JumpyNoodle”,whichhastinyholesthatabsorbtheflavorsquicklyandofferachewytexture(口感).”（這道菜使用的特殊面條被稱為“跳面”，上面有小洞，可以迅速吸收味道，有嚼勁。）可知，鎮(zhèn)江的鍋蓋面必須使用所謂的“跳跳面”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lanzhou’shandpullednoodle中“Origin:Lanzhou,Gansu”（產(chǎn)地：甘肅蘭州）以及“ItisusuallyenjoyedforbreakfastorlunchbypeopleinthenorthwestofChina.”（中國西北地區(qū)的人們通常在早餐或午餐時(shí)享用它。）可知，蘭州拉面起源于中國西北地區(qū)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yanji’ssobanoodle中“Boiledsobanoodleisputincoldwater,andthenmixedwithcoldbeefsoup.Thesweetandsoursobanoodleprovestobeagreattreatinthehotsummer.”（煮熟的蕎麥面放入冷水中，然后與冷牛肉湯混合。在炎熱的夏天，甜甜的蕎麥面是一種很好的享受。）可知，延吉蕎麥面的獨(dú)特之處是它是一種冷面。故選A項(xiàng)。BRecyclingElectronicWasteWhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hereadanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperwhichsaidthatpeoplewereburyingoldputersinbackyards,throwingTVsintostreams,anddumping(丟棄)cellphonesinthegarbage.Thiswasdangerousbecauseewastecontainsharmfulchemicalsthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies—andpeople.AlexwasreallyworriedanddecidedtomakeitnextprojectforWIN—theWesterlyInnovationsNetwork.Alexandsixofhisfriendshadformedthisorganizationtohelpsolvemunityproblemstwoyearsbefore.Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.Theylearnedhowtodispose(處置)ofewasteproperlyandhowitcouldberecycled.Then,theysentoutasurveyandfoundonlyoneineightknewwhatewastewas,letalonehowtoproperlydisposeofit.Alexandhisfriendswentintoaction.Theyadvertisedinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents,askingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Thedrivelastedtwodays,andtheycollectedover9,500kilogramsofewaste.Thenextstepwastosetupalongtermewastedropoffcenterforthetown.Aftersomeresearch,they’dlearnedthatreusingisthebestwaytodealwithelectronicdevicesanditisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling.So,theybeganlearningtorefurbish(翻新)putersthemselvesanddistributedthemtostudentswhodidn’thavetheirown.Inthisway,theycouldhelpstudentsintheareaandprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.Foralastingsolutiontoewaste,thedropoffcenterwasn’tenough.Lawswouldhavetobepassed.In2016,WINhelpedpushforanewastebillintheirtown,whichrequiredpaniesthatmanufacturedorsoldelectronicstotakebackewaste.Thebillclearlyforbidsthedumpingofewaste.BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.AsAlexsays,“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbeetomorrow’sharmfulgarbage.”24.WhatwasAlex’sworryafterhereadthearticle?A.Thelitteringofewaste. B.Therecyclingofplastic.C.Thechangeofenvironment. D.Theoveruseofoldputers.25.WhatdidAlexdotostarttheproject?A.SetupWIN. B.Collectinformation.C.Askfriendsforhelp. D.Carryoutasurvey.26.WhichcanbestdescribethewayAlexandhisteamdidtheirwork?A.Traditional. B.petitive.C.Scientific. D.Convenient.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Thereisnoendtoperfection.B.Successesthroughfailure.C.Everypositiveattitudehasareward.D.Youngpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了幾個(gè)十幾歲的年輕人為了避免電子垃圾對環(huán)境造成的影響，想辦法循環(huán)利用電子垃圾的事情?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“WhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hereadanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperwhichsaidthatpeoplewereburyingoldputersinbackyards,throwingTVsintostreams,anddumping(丟棄)cellphonesinthegarbage.Thiswasdangerousbecauseewastecontainsharmfulchemicalsthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies—andpeople.”（當(dāng)AlexLin11歲時(shí)，他在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇令人震驚的文章，人們把舊電腦埋在后院，把電視扔到河里，把扔到垃圾堆里。這是危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)殡娮永泻杏泻Φ幕瘜W(xué)物質(zhì)，可能會泄漏到環(huán)境中，進(jìn)入農(nóng)作物、動物、水源和人類。）和第二段第一句話“Alexwasreallyworried”（Alex真的很擔(dān)心）可知，Alex看到報(bào)紙上的文章，得知隨意丟棄電子垃圾是危險(xiǎn)的，會危害環(huán)境、農(nóng)作物、動物、水源和人類，這讓他很擔(dān)心。由此可知，Alex看完這篇文章后擔(dān)心的是亂扔電子垃圾的現(xiàn)象。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.”（但是他們能對這個(gè)電子垃圾項(xiàng)目做些什么呢？小組花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對人類影響的信息。）可知，為了開展這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，小組首先花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對人類影響的信息。由此可知，Alex通過收集信息的方式來開始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“Butwhatcouldtheydoaboutthisprojectwithewaste?Theteamspentseveralweeksgatheringinformationabouttheharmfulchemicalsinewasteandtheireffectsonhumans.”（但是他們能對這個(gè)電子垃圾項(xiàng)目做些什么呢？小組花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對人類影響的信息。）、第四段關(guān)鍵句“Alexandhisfriendswentintoaction.Theyadvertisedinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents,askingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.”（Alex和他的朋友們開始行動了。他們在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上登廣告，向?qū)W生們分發(fā)通知，要求居民們把不需要的電子產(chǎn)品帶到學(xué)校停車場。）和第五段關(guān)鍵句“Thenextstepwastosetupalongtermewastedropoffcenterforthetown.”（下一步是為該鎮(zhèn)建立一個(gè)長期的電子垃圾投放中心。）可知，Alex和他的朋友們?yōu)榱碎_展這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，首先收集信息，然后通過登報(bào)和分發(fā)通知等方式進(jìn)行宣傳，接下來建立一個(gè)長期的電子垃圾投放中心，這種做法是科學(xué)的，再結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.”（由于WIN的工作，越來越多的人，像Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一樣，正在得到關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息。）可知，他們的工作獲得了成功。由此可推斷出，Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作方式是科學(xué)的。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“BecauseoftheworkofWIN,moreandmorepeople,likeAlexandhisteam,aregettingthemessageaboutsafedisposalofewaste.”（由于WIN的工作，越來越多的人，像Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一樣，正在得到關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息。）可知，文章主要講述了幾個(gè)十幾歲的年輕人為了避免電子垃圾對環(huán)境造成的影響，想辦法循環(huán)利用電子垃圾的事情，并最終獲得了成功，越來越多的人知道了關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息。“Youngpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.”意為“年輕人可以有所作為?！蹦軌蚋爬ㄟ@個(gè)故事傳達(dá)的信息。故選D項(xiàng)。CJustbecauseascientistputsaGPStrackingcollaronawildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillinglykeepiton.Theycanremoveit,ifonebeesannoying.Butscientistshavenowfoundawayofusingsignalsfromthosedroppedcollarstotracktheiceitself.Thescientistsidentified20collarsthattransmittedmovementdataconsistentwithicedrift(漂流)ratherthanpolarbearmotionbetween2005and2015.TheresultingrecordsofhowmeltingicedriftsinHudsonBayareunique;therearenoeasilyaccessibleonthegroundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallicesheets.Theteamparedtheremovedcollars’movementstowidelyusedicedriftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay—aswellastheoverallextentofdrift.Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddiverge(偏離)fromanicesheet’slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,thescientistssay.Thismeansthebearsmaybeworkingharder,whenmovingagainstthedirectionoftheice,thanscientistshadassumed,“Sincewe’reunderestimatingthespeedofdrift,we’relikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffortofpolarbears,”saysRonTogunov,wholedthestudy.Thestudyrevealstimelyinsightintohowhighlymobileicemoves.Asmeltingincreasesiningyears,suchicewilllikelybeemoremonfarthernorth,inthecentralArctic,saysAndyMahoney,ageophysicistattheUniversityofAlaska,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,Mahoneysays,but“anytimewecanfindadatagapandplugitisagoodthing.”Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseaslitteredwithdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist.ThefindingsmayeveninfluencefutureNSIDCmodels.“It'’sareallynicedataset.”Meiersays.“Andcertainlyonewe’lltakeunderconsideration.”28.WhatcanaGPStrackingcollardo?AMeasurethedepthoficesheet. B.Capturethemovementofice.C.Describethemeltingspeedofice. D.Recordtheemotionalstateofbears.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecollardata?A.Itshowstheicemovesmoreslowlyfromitsoriginallocation.B.Itmayrevealpolarbearsarenotsoenergeticasbefore.C.ItindicatestheiceismorelikelytomovesouthinthecentralArctic.D.Itcanhelppredictthelocationofsomepollutantsinseas.30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.DataTellsaDifferentStory B.WildPolarBears’SignalingC.InsightsintoaPuzzlingAspect D.IceIsTakenunderConsideration【答案】28.B29.D30.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈能捕獲冰層的運(yùn)動，讓我們對冰層移動的速度以及漂移的總體范圍有了新的認(rèn)知?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Butscientistshavenowfoundawayofusingsignalsfromthosedroppedcollarstotracktheiceitself.(但是科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種方法，可以利用掉下來的項(xiàng)圈發(fā)出的信號來追蹤冰層本身)”和第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thescientistsidentified20collarsthattransmittedmovementdataconsistentwithicedrift(漂流)ratherthanpolarbearmotionbetween2005and2015.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了20個(gè)項(xiàng)圈，這些項(xiàng)圈傳遞的運(yùn)動數(shù)據(jù)與2005年至2015年間的冰層漂流一致，而不是北極熊的運(yùn)動)”可知，這些掉下來的GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈可以發(fā)出信號來追蹤冰層本身，能夠傳遞冰層運(yùn)動的數(shù)據(jù)。由此可知，GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈能捕獲冰的運(yùn)動。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseaslitteredwithdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist.(此外，NSIDC的一位高級研究科學(xué)家WaltMeier說，這樣的數(shù)據(jù)可以改進(jìn)關(guān)于溢油或其他污染物如何在布滿浮冰的海洋中擴(kuò)散的預(yù)測)”可知，GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈捕獲的數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助預(yù)測海洋中一些污染物的位置。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第三段關(guān)鍵句“Theteamparedtheremovedcollars’movementstowidelyusedicedriftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay—aswellastheoverallextentofdrift.(研究小組將移除的項(xiàng)圈的運(yùn)動與美國國家冰雪數(shù)據(jù)中心（NSIDC）廣泛使用的冰漂移建模數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了比較。項(xiàng)圈數(shù)據(jù)表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德遜灣冰層移動的速度以及漂移的總體范圍)”可知，GPS跟蹤項(xiàng)圈捕獲的數(shù)據(jù)與NSIDC模型的數(shù)據(jù)不相符，讓我們對冰層移動的速度以及漂移的總體范圍有了新的認(rèn)知?！癉ataTellsaDifferentStory”意為“數(shù)據(jù)說明了另一種情況”能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。DAtuniversity,whenItoldpeopleIwasstudyingforahistorydegree,theresponsewasalmostalwaysthesame,“Youwanttobeateacher?”No,ajournalist.“Oh.Butyou’renotmajoringinmunications?”Inthedayswhenauniversityeducationwasaprivilege,perhapstherewasn’ttheassumptionthatadegreehadtobeaspringboarddirectlyintoacareer.Thosedaysarelonggone.Today,adegreeisallbutanecessityforthejobmarket,onethatmorethanhalvesyourchancesofbeingunemployed.Still,thataloneisnoguaranteeofajob—andyetwe’repayingmoreandmoreforone.Giventhosecosts,mostofuswanttomaximizethatinvestment—andthatcanleadtoaplugandplaytypeofapproachtohighereducation.Wanttobeajournalist?Studyjournalism,we’retold.Alawyer?Pursueprelaw.Nottotallysure?GointoSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineerandMaths)—youcanbeeanengineeroranITexpert.Andnomatterwhatyoudo,forgetthehumanities,suchashistory,philosophyandlanguages.It’struethatthehumanitiesewithahigherriskofunemployment,buttheriskisslighterthanyouwouldimagine.ForyoungpeopleintheU.S.,theunemploymentrateofthosewithhumanitiesdegreesisfourpercent,justalittlemorethanthatofengineeringdegreeholders.Lowersalariesmaynotbecausedbythedegreeitselfeither.Thegenderpaygappersistsinthehumanities,whosegraduatesaremorelikelytobefemale.Isitanywonderthenthatlanguageteacherstendtomakelessthanengineers?AccordingtoLinkedIn’sresearchonthemostsoughtafterjobskillsbyemployersfor2019,theabilitytomunicateandgetalongwithpeople,tounderstandwhat’sonotherpeople’sminds,andtodofullstrengthcriticalanalysiswereallvaluedandappreciated.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatyoucanbeanexcellentmunicatorandcriticalthinkerwithoutahumanitiesdegree.Andanygooduniversityeducation,notjustoneinEnglishorpsychology,shouldsharpentheseabilitiesfurther.Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.ThewholequestionofwhetherastudentshouldchooseSTEMversusthehumanitiesmightbemisguidedtobeginwith.Theheadlinesmostofusseedon’thelp.Whateverastudentpursuesinuniversity,itmustbesomethingthattheyarenotonlygoodat,butinterestedin.Evenifitmeanspursuinga“useless”degree—likeoneinhumanities.31.Whyarepeoplepayingmoreandmoreforadegree?A.Becausepeopleneedadegreetofurthertheircareer.B.Becauseuniversityeducationisconsideredaprivilege.C.Becauseadegreeisviewedasamustforlandingajob.D.Becausetheirinterestcanbedevelopedinuniversity.32.Theauthormentionedaplugandplaytypeofapproachtoshow________.A.atipforchoosingamajorB.theimportanceofhighereducationC.aproblemthatexistsamongSTEMgraduatesD.thereasonwhypeopleoverlookthehumanities33.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthebenefitofmajoringinhumanities?A.Aparativelyhighsalaryaftergraduation.B.Betterchancesofgettingridofgenderprejudice.C.Abettermunicativeskillthansciencestudents.D.Moreexposuretothetrainingoflanguageandthinking.34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepursuitofhumanities?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic.C.Objective. D.Concerned.【答案】31.C32.D33.D34.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者在文中引用了科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)客觀介紹了學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科的利與弊，告訴我們學(xué)生在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)的應(yīng)該是自己擅長并感興趣的東西，并不只是為了獲得工作而學(xué)習(xí)。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Today,adegreeisallbutanecessityforthejobmarket,onethatmorethanhalvesyourchancesofbeingunemployed.Still,thataloneisnoguaranteeofajob—andyetwe’repayingmoreandmoreforone.(如今，學(xué)位對就業(yè)市場來說幾乎是一種必需品，它會使你失業(yè)的幾率減半以上。盡管如此，單憑這一點(diǎn)并不能保證找到一份工作，然而我們?yōu)閷W(xué)位付出的代價(jià)卻越來越高)”可知，人們?yōu)閷W(xué)位付出的代價(jià)卻越來越高是因?yàn)閷W(xué)位被視為獲得工作的必備條件。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Giventhosecosts,mostofuswanttomaximizethatinvestment—andthatcanleadtoaplugandplaytypeofapproachtohighereducation.(考慮到這些成本，我們大多數(shù)人都希望將投資最大化——這就導(dǎo)致了一種即插即用的高等教育方式)”和“Andnomatterwhatyoudo,forgetthehumanities,suchashistory,philosophyandlanguages.(不管你做什么，忘記了人文學(xué)科，比如歷史、哲學(xué)和語言)”可知，作者提出了一種即插即用的方法是為了說明人們忽視人文學(xué)科的原因。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.(但很少有課程像人文學(xué)科那樣注重閱讀、寫作、口語和批判性思維——無論是在研討會上與其他學(xué)生辯論、寫論文還是分析詩歌)”可知，在筆者看來，主修人文學(xué)科的好處是能更多的接受語言和思維的訓(xùn)練。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“ForyoungpeopleintheU.S.,theunemploymentrateofthosewithhumanitiesdegreesisfourpercent,justalittlemorethanthatofengineeringdegreeholders.(對于美國的年輕人來說，擁有人文學(xué)科學(xué)位的人的失業(yè)率是百分之四，只比擁有工程學(xué)學(xué)位的人高一點(diǎn)點(diǎn))”和倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Butfewcoursesofstudyarequiteasheavyonreading,writing,speakingandcriticalthinkingasthehumanities—whetherthat’sbydebatingotherstudentsinaseminar,writingathesispaperoranalyzingpoetry.(但很少有課程像人文學(xué)科那樣注重閱讀、寫作、口語和批判性思維——無論是在研討會上與其他學(xué)生辯論、寫論文還是分析詩歌)”可知，作者在文中引用了科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)客觀介紹了學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科的利與弊，作者對學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分：詞匯運(yùn)用，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(每小題1分，共10小題。)選詞填空graduatefrom,organization,benefit,solution,beknownas,inharmonywith,convenient,fortunately,recycle,industrial35.Humanshavebynowgonethroughthree________revolutions—discoveryofsteampower,theintroductionofelectricityandtheinventionofmodernputers.36.He________universitynextyearandheishuntingforajobnow.37.WWFisaninternational________thatworkstoprotectwildlife.38.Thediscoveryofoilbroughtmany________tothetown.39Peopleshouldtrytolive________nature.40.Plasticbottlescanbe________intoclothing.41.YuanLongpingisagreatscientistand________“FatherofHybridRice”.42.Itisvery________tousesharedbikesinChinanow.43.________,noonewashurtintheearthquakejustnow.44.Thereisnoeasy________tothisenvironmentalproblem.【答案】35.industrial36willgraduatefrom37.organization38.benefits39.inharmonywith40.recycled41.isknownas42.convenient43.Fortunately44.solution【解析】【35題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：到目前為止，人類已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了三次工業(yè)革命——蒸汽動力的發(fā)現(xiàn)、電力的引入和現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)明。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“工業(yè)的”應(yīng)為形容詞industrial作定語修飾名詞revolutions。故填industrial?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：他明年大學(xué)畢業(yè)，現(xiàn)在正在找工作。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“從……畢業(yè)”應(yīng)為graduatefrom，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語nextyear可知，此處應(yīng)為一般將來時(shí)，且與句子主語he之間為主動關(guān)系。故填willgraduatefrom。【37題詳解】考查名詞。句意：世界自然基金會是一個(gè)致力于保護(hù)野生動物的國際組織。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“組織”應(yīng)為organization，為名詞作表語，空前有不定冠詞an，所以此處使用名詞單數(shù)形式。故填organization?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：石油的發(fā)現(xiàn)給這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)帶來了許多好處。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“好處”應(yīng)為benefit作賓語，空前有many修飾，所以此處應(yīng)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填benefits?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：人們應(yīng)該努力與自然和諧相處。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“與……和諧相處”應(yīng)為inharmonywith。故填inharmonywith?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：塑料瓶可以回收制成衣服。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“回收利用”應(yīng)為動詞recycle，謂語動詞recycle與句子主語Plasticbottles之間為被動關(guān)系，情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，所以此處應(yīng)使用過去分詞形式。故填recycled?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：袁隆平是一位偉大的科學(xué)家，被譽(yù)為“雜交水稻之父”。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“被稱為”應(yīng)為beknownas，根據(jù)并列句的謂語is可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且句子主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以此處應(yīng)使用isknownas。故填isknownas?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：現(xiàn)在在中國使用共享單車非常方便。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“方便的”應(yīng)為形容詞convenient作表語。故填convenient。【43題詳解】考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，剛才沒有人在地震中受傷。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“幸運(yùn)地”應(yīng)為fortunately作狀語修飾句子，且位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Fortunately?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)環(huán)境問題沒有簡單的解決辦法。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“解決辦法”應(yīng)為soluti