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英語課(王麗)學(xué)習(xí)通超星期末考試章節(jié)答案2024年Severewinterstormshaveworsenedthenation'susualpost-holidaybloodshortage,promptingtoanurgentcalltodayforpeopletodonateblood.TypeObloodisthemosturgentlyneeded,becauseitistheuniversalbloodtype,meaningitcanbesafelytransfusedtomostpeopleinanemergency.TheRedCrossreportedhavinglessthanoneday'ssupplyofTypeObloodonhandin18oftheorganization's38collectionregions.TheRedCrossprovidesabouthalfofthenation'sbloodsupply.America'sBloodCenters,whichsuppliesmostoftherest,alsohasreportedshortages.Reactingtotheshortage,aPittsburghbloodbankasked40hospitalsinwesternPennsylvania,WestVirginiaandOhiotopostponeelectiveoperationsthroughWednesday.Atleast1,000donorsareneededeachdayforthenextseveraldaystostabilize(穩(wěn)定)thesupply,saidMarkLynch,spokesmanfortheCentralBloodBank."Wearetalkingaboutpostponingorthopediccases(矯形外科手術(shù)病例).Thesearesickpeoplewhoneedoperation,butit'snotlifethreatening,"hesaid.Whenitsbloodsupplyisstable,thebloodbankneedsabout700donorseachdaytomaintainnormalinventory(庫存).ThePittsburghBloodBanklastaskedhospitalstopostponeelectiveoperationsbecauseofabloodshortageinOctober2017.Suchprocedureswerecanceledforalmostaweek.Nationwide,donationstypicallyfalloffduringtheholidays,whendonorsbecometoobusytogivebloodregularly.Badweatherincreasesshortagesbothbyblockingblooddrivesandbycausingincreasedblooddemandtotreataccidentvictims.1.TheorganizationwhichsuppliesmostofthebloodneedoftheAmericansis_______A.theBloodCenters
B.theRedCrossC.thePittsburghBloodBank
D.theCentralBloodBank2.Badweathercreatedthebloodshortagebecause________A.itbadlyaffectedblood-collectingeffortsB.itmadeblooddonorstoobusytogivebloodC.itpostponedelectivesurgeriesinhospitalsD.itledtolessinjurieswhichneededurgenttreatment3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutMarkLynch?A.HeisthespokesmanfortheCentralBloodBank.B.Heasked40hospitalstopostponesmallsurgeries.C.Hecanceledseveraloperationsforalmostaweek,D.Hecanceledblooddrivesbecauseofseverestorms.4.Inparagraph3,“electiveoperations"referto________A.thosethatshouldbeconductedpromptlyB.thosethatshouldbedonebyotherdoctors9EducationC.thosethatcouldbeconductedlaterD.thosethatmustbedoneinbighospitals5.Accordingtothepassage,TypeObloodisthemosturgentlyneededbloodbecause____A.itcanbeusedbyallofthepeople
B.itistheuniversalbloodtypeC.manypeoplewereinjured
D.thereisnotenoughdonors
答案:B;A;A;C;BLaptopcomputesarepopularallovertheworld.Peopleusethemontrainsandairplanes,inairportsandhotels.Theselaptopsconnectpeopletotheirworkplace.IntheUnitedStatestoday,laptopsalsoconnectstudentstotheirclassrooms.WestlakeCollegeinVirginiawillstartalaptopcomputerprogramthatallowsstudentstodoschoolworkanywheretheywant.Withinfiveyears,eachofthe1500studentsatthecollegewillreceivealaptop.Thelaptopsarepartofa$10millioncomputerprogramatWestlake,a110-year-oldcollege.ThestudentswithlaptopswillalsohaveaccesstotheInternet.Inaddition,theywillbeabletousee-mailto“speak”withtheirteachers,theirclassmates,andtheirfamilies.Theycanworkwiththemathome,inafast-foodrestaurantorunderthetree—anywhereatallBecauseofmanychangesincomputertechnology,laptopuseinhighereducation,suchascollegesanduniversities,isworkable.Aslaptopsbecomemorepowerful,theybecomemoresimilartodesktopcomputers.Inaddition,theportablecomputerscanconnectstudentstonotonlytheInternet,butalsolibrariesandotherresources.Stateofficialsarealsotestinglaptopprogramsatotheruniversities,too.AtWestlakeCollege,morethan90percentofthestaffusescomputers.Thelaptopswillallowteacherstousecomputersintheirlessons.AsoneWestlaketeachersaid,"HereweareinthemiddleofVirginiaandwe'regivingstudentsawindow,throughwhichtheycanseeeverything."1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelaptopprogram?A.Togiveeachstudentalaptopfortheirschoolwork.B.TogiveeachstudentanaccesstotheInternet.C.Togiveeachstudentalaptopfortheirhousework.D.Togiveeachstudentaconnectiontolibraries.2.Whyistheword“speak”inthesecondparagraphinquotationmarks(引號(hào))?A.Theyusethecomputerlanguage.
B.Theydon'treallytalk.C.Laptopshavespeakers.
D.Theyspeakadifferentlanguage3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutWestlakeCollege?A.Teacherscanusecomputersintheirlessons.B.Eachofthestudentswillreceivealaptop.C.StudentstherecandoeverythingD.Itisa110-year-oldcollegeinAmerica.4.Accordingtothepassage,laptops_________A.aretoogoodtobetrue
B.areveryinconvenienttouseC.replacelibrariesoftheuniversity
D.connectpeopletotheirworkplace5.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theprogramisverysuccessful.
B.Theprogramisnotquiteworkable.C.Theprogramisanon-goingone.
D.Theprogramismuchtooexpensive.
答案:A;B;C;D;ABeesareflyinginsectsthatarefoundallovertheworld.Thereareovertwelvethousanddifferentspeciesofbees,butonlyabouttwothousandofthesehappeninNorthAmericaBeescanbedividedintotwogroupsaccordingtotheirstyles,Solitary(獨(dú)居的)beeslivealone.Ontheotherhand,socialbees,likeants,liveingroups.OnlyaboutsixhundredspeciesareofthissocialcategorySocialbeesareinterestingbecauseintheir"society”therearedifferentclassesofbees.Eachclassperformsadifferenttask.Queenbeeslayeggs.Workers,underdevelopedfemales,workinthehivesbutneverreproduce.Malesdonotwork;theironlytaskistomatewiththequeen.SolitarybeesoccurasmalesandfemalesEveryfemalemakesanestinthegroundwhereshewilllayhereggs.ThenestconsistsofmanycellsAfteraneggislaidandputinacell,thefemalealsoaddssomepollenandhoneyfemaleforfood.Thenshesealsthecell.Thefemalethengoeselsewheretobuildanewnestordie.Wheneggshatch,thelarvae(幼蟲)willfeedonthepollenandhoneywhichthefemaleleftforthem.1.Whichoneofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnInterestingInsect
B.NorthAmericanBees.
C.SocialBees.
D.SolitaryBees2.Theword"reproduce”inthethirdcouldmean_______A.develop
B.comeback
C.catmuch
D.givebirthtoyoung3.Itmayconcludethat________A.NorthAmericahasmorebeesthanAsiaB.solitarybeeshaveclassesC.antsaresocialinsectsD.malebeesarethemainworkforceintheirsociety4.Accordingtothepassage,Queenbees_______A.onlylayegg
BaresolitarybeesC.arethemainworkforce
D.buildnestsintheground5.Afterthecellsaresealed,thelarvaewillfeedon________A.eggsandcells
B.pollenandleavesC.honeyandinsects
D.pollenandhoney
答案:A;D;C;A;DMcDonald’sistheworldsinglebiggestfoodproviderwithannualsalesofaround$12.4bn.Andthecompany’ssymbolRonaldMcDonaldisnow(orsothecompanyclaims)theword’smostrecognizedpersonafterSantaClaus.ThefirstMcDonald’srestaurantwasopenedinSanBernardino,California,in1948bybrothersMacandRichard“Dick”McDonald.Macrantherestaurantside;Dickwasthemarketinggenius.Hehadalreadyinventedthedrive-inlaundryandhadbeenthefirstpersontouseneonlightsinadvertising.Nowhespottedthegapinthepost-war,baby-boommarketforcheap,family-orientatedrestaurantswithsimplemenus,standardizedfoodandefficientservice.Afteraslowstart,businessbegantoboom.By1954,thebrotherswerejoinedbyanotherentrepreneur,akitchenequipmentsalesmancalledRayAKrocwhoownedthefranchisetotheMultimixer,milkshakemakerusedthroughouttheMcDonald’schain.Ayearlater,KrochadboughttheMcDonaldbrothers’chainof25franchisesfortheequivalentofaround$70m(£44m).DickremainedwiththecompanyuntiltheSeventies,whenheandKrocfelloutoverKroc’sclaimthatthechainwashiscreation.Today,analmostStalinistcultofpersonalitysurroundsKroc(whodiedin1984)atMcDonald’s,whilethebrotherswhogavethecompanyitsnamehaveallbutbeenwrittenoutofitshistory.ButthoughKrocdidnotfoundMcDonald’s,hewascertainlyresponsiblefortheempire-buildingphilosophywhichledtoitsworlddomination.HeusheredinsuchessentialcontributionstointernationalcuisineastheBigMac(1968)andtheEggMcMuffin(1973);andhelpedlaunchRonaldMcDonald----“inanylanguagehemeansfun”----ontotelevisionin1963.Everythreehours,anewMcDonald’sfranchiseopenssomewhereintheworld;itcanbefoundinmorethan100countriesincludingIndia(vegetarian-onlytoavoidoffendingthenon-beef-eatingpopulace)andIsrael(nonkosher,despitefiercelocalobjection).McDonald’schainembodiedthethrusting,can-dospiritofFiftiesAmericawithstaffmottoessuchas“Ifyou’vegottimetolean,you’vegotimetoclean.”1.WhichisnotKroc’scontributiontoMcDonald’s?A.HelaunchedtherestaurantimageRonaldMcDonaldontotelevision.B.Underhislead,internationalcuisineastheBigMacandtheEggMcMuffinearnedworldwidefameC.Hespottedthegapinpostwarmarketforcheap,family-orientatedrestaurants.D.HebuiltMcDonald’sempirewithaphilosophywhichledtoitsworlddomination.2.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith_____.A.briefhistoryofMcDonald’s.B.McDonald’ssuccess..C.RayAKroc,leaderoftheMcDonald’sempire.D.McDonaldbrothers,founderofMcDonald’s.3.McDonald’swasfounded_____.A.byakitchenequipmentsalesman.B.inCalifornia.C.byamarketinggeniuscalledDickMcDonald.D.afterthefirstWorldWar.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMcDonald’sbrothers?A.TheywerenotMcDonald’sfoundersalthoughtheynamedtherestaurant.B.Theirbusinesswasstillindepressionafterseveralyears.C.Theyhadclearjobseparationonbusiness.D.Theysoldtheirrestauranttoasalesmanin1954.5.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesinglebiggestfoodproviderwashowever,notnamedafteritsfounderB.TheinternationalcuisineastheBigMac,abeefhamburger,isprovidedeverychainrestaurantintheworld.C.EmployeesinMcDonald’shavenotimetolean.D.ThesymbolRonaldMcDonald,meansfuninanylanguage,issaidtothewordmostrecognizedpersonafterSantaClaus.
答案:C;A;B;C;DGoogle,theInternetsearch-enginecompany,hasannounceditwillgivemorethantwenty-fivemilliondollarsinmoneyandinvestmentstohelpthepoor.Thecompanysaystheeffortinvolvesusingthepowerofinformationandtechnologytohelppeopleimprovetheirlives.
AleemWaljiworksforG--thepartofthecompanythatgivesmoneytogoodcauses.Hesaidthecompany’sfirstprojectwillhelpidentifywhereinfectious(傳染性的)diseasesaredeveloping.InSoutheastAsiaandAfrica,forexample,Gwillworkwithpartnerstostrengthenearly-warningsystemsandtakeactionagainstgrowinghealththreats.
G’ssecondprojectwillinvestinwaystohelpsmallandmedium-sizedbusinessesgrow.Waljisaysmicrofinance(小額信貸)isgenerallysmall,short-termloansthatcreatefewjobs.Instead,hesaysGwantstodevelopwaystobringinvestorsandbusinessownerstogethertocreatejobsandimproveeconomicgrowth.
Gwillalsogivemoneytohelptwoclimate-changeprogramsannouncedearlierthisyear.Oneoftheseprogramsstudieswaystomakerenewable(再生的)energylesscostlythancoal-basedenergy.Theotherisexaminingtheeffortsbeingmadetoincreasetheuseofelectriccars.
ThecreatorsofGooglehavepromisedtogiveGaboutonepercentofcompanyprofitsandonepercentofitstotalstockvalueeveryyear.AleemWaljisaysthisamountmayincreaseinthefuture.1.ThepurposeofGoogle’sinvestmentsisto________.A.helppoorpeople
B.developnewtechnologyC.expanditsownbusinessD.increasethepowerofinformation2.AccordingtoAleemWalji,thecompany’sfirstprojectisto________.A.setupanewsystemtowarnpeopleofinfectiousdiseasesB.findoutwhereinfectiousdiseasesdevelopC.identifythecausesofinfectiousdiseasesD.curepatientsofinfectiousdiseases3.WhatkindofbusinesseswillbenefitfromG’ssecondproject?A.largeenterprisesB.cross-nationalcompaniesC.foreign-fundedcorporationsD.smallandmedium-sizedbusinesses4.Fromthefourthparagraph,welearnthatGoogle’smoneyisalsoinvestedtohelp________.A.startmoreresearchprogramsB.makemoreadvancedelectriccarsC.developrenewableandcoal-basedenergyD.conductstudiesrelatedtoclimatechanges5.FromthelastparagraphwelearnthattheinvestmentsbyGcomefrom________.A.Google’sprofitsandstockvalueB.someinternationalITcompaniesC.thecompany’sowninterestsD.localcommercialbanks
答案:A;B;D;D;AAmericaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings,extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.
Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.
AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon’tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.
FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters.Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!
1.Thewriterofthispassagemustbe______.
A.anAmerican
B.aChinese
C.aprofessor
D.astudent
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallyextenddeeplyintotheirfamilies.
B.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallylastforalltheirlives.
C.Americansalwaysshowtheirwarmtheveniftheyareverybusy.
D.Americanswillcontinuetheirfriendshipsagainevenafteralongbreak.
3.FromthelasttwoparagraphswecanlearnthatwhenwearriveinAmericatovisitanAmericanfriend,wewillprobablybe______.
A.warmlywelcomedattheairport
B.offeredaridetohishome
C.treatedhospitablyathishome
D.treatedtodinnerinarestaurant
4.Theunderlinedwords
“generouswithourtime”inParagraph3probablymean______.
A.strictwithtime
B.seriouswithtime
C.carefulwithtime
D.willingtospendtime
5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldprobablybe“______”.
A.FriendshipsbetweenChinese
B.FriendshipsbetweenAmericans
C.Americans’hospitality
D.Americans‘a(chǎn)ndChinese’sviewsoffriendships
答案:B;D;C;B;DThebestfamilyvacationtripwill
quickly
become
meaningless
ifsomethingis
wrongwithyourvehicle.
Haveyourcarcheckedoutwhenyou’replanningyourdrivingtrip.
Ifyouneednewtires,brakesoranoilchange,don’tputitoff—completeanyvehiclemaintenance
(維修)beforeyouleave.Drivingforextendedperiodsoftimecanbehardonyourvehicle,andanypreparationthatyoucandobeforeyoudrivecanhelpmakeyourtripsafeandworry-free.“Amonthbeforeweleave,wemakeanappointmenttobringourcarintothegarage,”
saysAnthonyPierpont,adoctorwhoisgoingonasummervacationtrip.
“Ijustexplainwe’replanningaroadtrip,andaskifthere’sanythingweshoulddobeforeweleave.Sometimes,wedon’thavetodoanything,becausewegetregularmaintenance
onthecaralready.But,onceortwice,it’sbeentherighttimetogetnewbrakesornewtires.Yourmechanic’sinspection
(檢查)shouldincludecheckingyourvehicle’sfluidlevels,brakes,airconditioningandheater
andthewearandtear(破損)onyourtires.Makesureyougiveyourgarageenough
timetoinspectyourvehicleandcompleteanyneededrepairsbeforeyougo.”
Accordingtoanonlinediscussionbytourpals(伙伴)allovertheUSA,someofthe
bestroadtripsinclude:
?PacificNorthwestroadtripsfromSanFrancisco,CaliforniatotheOregonCoastandWashington;
?Roadtrips
throughMontanaandSouthDakotaforasenseoftheWildWestandafirsthandviewofMountRushmore,andGlacierandYellowstoneNationalParks;
?NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsof
thecoastlinebeauty,theRedwoodForest,golf,artistcolonies,historyandwine;
?ThebestroadtripbackeastincludesCapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,
and
Vermont.1.
Beforeatrip,thetravelers
should______.A.checkthecar
B.checkthegarageC.checktheroad
D.checkthemap2.
Themechanic
needn’tcheck______forthemaintenance.A.yourvehicle’sfluidlevelsB.yourvehicle’sbrakesC.yourvehicle’sairconditioningandheaterD.yourvehicle’sprice3.
Generallyspeaking,______
cangivetravelersasenseoftheWildWest.A.PacificNorthwestroadtrips
B.MontanaandSouthDakotaroadtripsC.NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsD.NorthernandEasternCaliforniaroadtrips4.
Accordingtothepassage,travelerscanfindtheRedwoodForest
from______.A.PacificNorthwestroadtrips
B.MontanaandSouthDakotaroadtripsC.NorthernandSouthernCaliforniaroadtripsD.NorthernandEasternCaliforniaroadtrips5.Thebestroadtripbackeastincludes
______.A.CapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,
and
VermontB.CapeCod,theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucketC.VermontD.theislandsofMartha’sVineyardandNantucket,Stowe,
and
Vermont
答案:A;D;B;C;ACIPRWorkshopprovidestrainingcoursestohelpyouworkwiththe
media.Therearetwolevelsofcoursestoapplyfor:
Basic
Level
Media
relationsisthebasicpartofallpublicrelationprograms.ThosenewtoPR,orthoseresponsibleformanagingmediarelationswillallgetgreathelpfrom
thisworkshop.Theworkshopfocusesondevelopinggoodworkingrelationshipswith
press(媒體)andbroadcastjournalists.
High
Level
Creativityisthemostimportantskillinthepublicrelationprofession,butmostpeopleintheindustryhavenotreceivedanytraininginthisarea.Nordotheyunderstandhowcreativityworksandhowtoimproveitquickly.The
workshopwillshowthateventheleastcreativepeoplecanimprovetheir
creativeabilities,andcanmanagethecreativepartoftheirwork.
CourseTopics
?Techniques
tohelptapinto(挖掘)yourcreativeside
?Tenwaysto
improvecreativeability
?25techniquestogeneratenewideas
?Understanding
thecreativeprocess
?Keythinking
processes
?Whatmakesa
creativeindividualandteam.
Ifyou
wouldliketoapplyforanytrainingcourse,pleasephoneuson02-5833-6427.
1.
What
doesCIPRprovidetohelptoworkwiththemedia?A.Coursesof
publicrelationsprograms.B.Training
coursesC.Basiclevel
coursesD.Highlevel
courses2.______isthebasicpartofallpublic
relationsprograms.A.Mediarelations
B.Schoolrelations
C.Familyrelations
D.Companyrelations3.
______willbecoveredinthehighlevelof
thetraining.A.What’sitliketobeajournalistB.Understandingandbuildingrelationships
withjournalistsC.WritingwellforthemediaD.Techniquestohelptapintoyourcreativeside4.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthe
problemswiththepublicrelationsprofession?A.Mostpeopledonotknowhowtodealwith
people.B.Thosenewtotheareaneedchallenges.C.Mostpeopleintheindustryhavenot
receivedanytraininginthisarea.D.Mostpeopleintheindustrycannotmanagetheir
work.5.
Ifyouwouldliketoapplyforatraining
course,youshould__________.A.bookonthewebsiteB.callat02-5833-6427
C.filloutaformD.meettheresponsiblemanager
答案:B;A;D;C;BMountainclimbersaroundtheworld
dreamaboutgoingupMountEverest(珠穆朗瑪峰).Itisthehighestmountainintheworld.Butmanypeoplewhohave
climbedthemountainhaveleftwastematerialthatispollutingthe
environment.
AteamofAmericansisplanning
thelargestclean-upeffortonMountEverest.Theywillmaketheriskytripup
themountainnextmonth.
TheteamofnineAmericanswillbe
guidedbymorethanthirtyguidesfromNepal(尼泊爾).Theirgoalistoremoveallthetrashtheysee.Theywillspendthree
monthscleaningupthemountainbygatheringoxygenbottles,fuelcontainers,batteries,drinkcans,humanwasteandotherkindsoftrash.Theyareexpected
togetridofatleastthreetonsoftrashinlargebags.
TeamleaderTomJacksonismaking
hisfourthtripupthemountain.HesayshehopestobringEveresttothe
conditionitwasinbeforethefirstsuccessfulclimbfiftyyearsago.Hesays
hehopestheeffortwillinfluenceotherpeopletocleanuptheenvironment.
Human
wasteonEverestisamajorconcern.Sotheclean-upteamwilltakealongnewly
developedequipmenttocollectandtreathumanwaste.Overtheyears,thewaste
haspollutedthemountain.Inthewarmseasonwhentheicemelts,thepolluted
waterflowstoNepalivillagesbelow.Theproblemhasgotworseinrecentyears
becauseclimbingEveresthasbecomefashionable.1.MountainclimberssuccessfullyreachedthetopofMountEverestaround______ago.A.50yearsB.40yearsC.30yearsD.threemonths2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheclean-upeffort______.A.isopposedbythelocalpeopleB.isthelargestonesupportedbyNepalC.isencouragedbytheAmericangovernmentD.isthegreatestoneevermadeonMountEverest3.WhatdoestheAmericanteamplantodoonthetripupthemountain?A.TomakeEverestthecleanestmountain.B.Totellclimbersnottoleavewastematerials.C.Totakeawayallthetrashtheycouldfindthere.D.Tocollect
andtreathumanwastebeforetheicemelted.4.TeamleaderMr.JacksonhopestoturnMountEverestinto______.A.itsformerstateafewyearsagoB.itsoriginalconditionhalfacenturyagoC.aplacewithnopollutionatallD.thecleanestmountainintheworld5.According
totheparagraphfive,theproblemhasgotworseinrecentyearsbecause______.A.climbingEveresthasbecomefashionable.B.animalshavebecomemore.C.humanwastehasbecomemorefashionable.D.thetravelagentshavebecomemore.
答案:A;B;C;B;AMelbourne
isthesecondlargestcityinAustralia,withapopulationofover3.5million.Thecityhasanareaofabout9thousandsquarekilometers.It’sraretofind
anyonewhodoesn’tlovethiscityhere.Thecityisclean,safeandexciting.Melbourneisalsofamousforitsuniversitiesandcolleges.Ithastree-lined
widestreetsandmanybeautifulparksandgardensandhasagoodtransport
systemofroads,buses,andtrains.
Melbourne
isaculturalmeltingpot(熔爐).From
theverystart,morepeopleofGreekdescendents(后裔)liveherethaninanyother
cityexceptforAthens.Chinese,Italian,VietnameseandLebaneseimmigrants
havealllefttheirmarks.AlmostathirdofMelbournians(墨爾本人)werebornoverseasorhave
parentswhowerebornoverseas.
Melbourne
isfamousforitsrestaurants,theatres,music,opera,ballet,art,shopsanda
lively
nightlife.Melbournians
love
sports,andthecityhostsmanyfamousinternationalsportsevents.Nearby
therearesomebeautifulcoastlineswithexcellentbeaches,nationalparks,forests,wintersnowfieldsandsummerresorts(旅游勝地).Theclimateis
temperate
andcomfortable,with
warmsummersandcoolwinters.Insummer,maximumtemperaturesrangefrom26℃
to36℃,andinwinterfrom12℃
to18℃.TheweatherinMelbournecan
bechangeablefromdaytoday.In2002,Melbournewasratedtheworld’sbest
citytolivein.1.Melbourneiswell-knownintheworldNOTbecauseofits______.A.largepopulationB.universitiesandcollegesC.transportsystem
D.beautifulparksandgardens2.Accordingtothepassage,Melbourneisacitywhere______.A.richpeoplechoosetolive
B.thebestwineisproducedC.variousculturesco-exist
D.Asian
foodispopular3.Melbourniansenjoy______.A.sports
B.sunbathing
C.sightseeing
D.traveling4.Theword“temperate”intheinthelastparagraphmost
probablymeans______.A.hot
B.mild
C.dry
D.cold5.WhichcontinentisMelbournelocatedin?A.Africa
B.
Europe
C.
Oceania
D.
Asia
答案:A;C;A;B;CAlthoughtherearemanywaystodomarketresearch,mostbusinessesuseoneormoreoffivebasicmethods:surveys,focusgroups,personalinterviewsandobservation.Thetypeofdatayouneedandhowmuch
moneyyou’rewillingtospendwilldeterminewhichtechniquesyouchoosefor
yourbusiness.
1.Surveys.
Withshortanddirect
questionnaires(調(diào)查問卷),youcanstudyacertain
groupwhowillprobablybeyourfuturecustomers.Thelargerthegroup,themore
exactyourresultswillbe.Therearein-person,telephone,mail,andonline
surveys.
2.Focusgroups.Infocusgroups,a
researcherusespreparedquestionsortopicstoleadadiscussionamongagroup
ofpeople.Recordthewholediscussionandmakesureyouarenotdisturbedin
theprocess.Afocusgroupusuallylastsonetotwohours,anditneedsat
leastthreegroupstogetbalancedresults.
3Personalinterviews.
Likefocusgroups,personal
interviewsincludecasualandopen-endedquestions.Theyusuallylastforabout
anhourandareusuallyrecorded.
Thedataprovidedbyfocusgroupsand
personalinterviewsaremoresubjective(主觀的)thanthatprovidedbysurveys,sotheresultsarenotasaccurate.However,focus
groupsandinterviewsgiveimportantideasoncustomerattitudes.Theyarealso
excellentforfindingissuesrelatedtonewproductsorservicedevelopment.
4.Observation.
People’sresponsesto
surveysandfocusgroupsaresometimesdifferentfromtheiractualbehavior.Whenyouobserveconsumers’actionbyrecordingtheminstores,atwork,orat
home,youcanobservehowtheybuyoruseaproduct.Thisgivesyouamore
accuratepictureofcustomers’habitsandshoppingpatterns.1.Whichofthefollowingwilldeterminethe
techniquesyouchooseforyourbusiness?A.Thetypeofdatayouneed.
B.Themoneyyouarewillingtospend.C.Howlargethegroupyouaregoingto
studyis.
D.BothAandB.2.Accordingtothepassage,______isnot
necessaryinamarketresearch.A.people’sjobinformation
B.acertaingroupC.shortanddirectquestionnaires
D.Recording
equipment3.
Whyaretheresultsoffocusgroupsandpersonal
interviewsnotsoaccurate?A.Becausetheyprovidemoresubjective
data.B.Becausetheyneedmorepeople.C.Becausepeopletelllies.D.
Because
theyusuallylastoneortwohours.4.______cangiveyouamoreaccuratepicture
ofcustomers’habitsandshoppingpatterns.A.Surveys
B.Personalinterviews
C.Focusgroups
D.
Observation5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcangivethe
importantideasoncustomerattitudes?A.surveysB.focusgroupsandpersonalinterviewsC.surveysandpersonalinterviewsD.
observation
答案:D;A;A;D;BThere
was
one
thought
that
air
pollution
affected
only
the
area
immediately
around
large
cities
with
factories
and
heavy
automobile
traffic.At
present,we
realize
that
although
these
are
the
areas
with
the
worst
air
pollution,the
problem
is
literally
worldwide.On
several
occasions
over
the
past
decade,a
heavy
cloud
of
air
pollution
has
covered
the
east
of
the
United
States
and
brought
health
warnings
in
rural
areas
away
from
any
major
concentration
of
manufacturing
and
automobile
traffic.In
fact,the
very
climate
of
the
entire
earth
may
be
infected
by
air
pollution.Some
scientists,consider
that
the
increasing
concentration
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
air
resulting
from
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels(coal
and
oil)is
creating
a"greenhouse
effect"--conserving
heat
reflected
from
the
earth
and
raising
the
world′s
average
temperature.If
this
view
is
correct
and
the
world′s
temperature
is
raised
only
a
few
degrees,much
of
the
polar
ice
cap
will
melt
and
cities
such
as
New
York,Boston,Miami,and
New
Orleans
will
be
in
water.Another
view,less
widely
held,is
that
increasing
particular
matter
in
the
atmosphere
is
bloc-king
sunlight
and
lowering
the
earth′s
temperature--a
result
that
would
be
equally
disastrous.A
drop
of
just
a
few
degrees
could
create
something
close
to
a
new
ice
age,and
would
make
agriculture
difficult
or
impossible
in
many
of
our
top
farming
areas.Today
we
do
not
know
for
sure
that
either
of
these
conditions
will
happen(though
one
recent
government
report
drafted
by
experts
in
the
field
concluded
that
the
greenhouse
effect
is
very
possible).Perhaps,if
we
are
lucky
enough,the
two
tendencies
will
offset
each
other
and
the
world′s
temperature
will
stay
about
the
same
as
it
is
now.Driven
by
economic
profit,people
neglect
the
damage
on
our
environment
caused
by
the"advanced
civilization".Maybe
the
air
pollution
is
the
price
the
human
beings
have
to
pay
for
their
develop-ment.But
is
it
really
worthwhile?1.
As
pointed
out
at
the
beginning
of
the
passage,people
used
to
think
that
air
pollution__________.A.
caused
widespread
da
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