Unit3TheInternet人與社會信息技術(shù)（原卷版）（人教版2019必修二）

必修第二冊Unit3TheInternet（人教版2019）人與社會：信息技術(shù)單元引言解讀TheInternetisbeingthetownsquarefortheglobalvillageoftomorrow.—BillGates釋義：本單元的名人名言意為“因特網(wǎng)正成為明日地球村的鬧市廣場。”它很好地詮釋了主題圖的寓意?，F(xiàn)實世界的鬧市廣場熙熙攘攘、人來人往，商品、服務(wù)和信息在此集聚、流通、交換和分享，滿足人們的物質(zhì)生活和精神生活的需要。該名言用鬧市廣場隱喻互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，生動傳神。啟示：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，打破了時間和空間的界限。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、人工智能和科技信息化的今天，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶給人們方方面面的方便和快捷。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)是時代進步的必然產(chǎn)物，是科技發(fā)展的重要標志?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)給人們帶來的既有機遇，同樣也有挑戰(zhàn)?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)在帶給人們便利的同時，也給我們的生活帶來了一些困擾。因此，對待互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們一定要保持理性的頭腦，辯證地看待互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶給人們的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。名言名句積累人與社會：信息技術(shù)1．TheInternetischangingthewaywelive.網(wǎng)絡(luò)正在改變我們的生活方式。2．putershavereplacedhumansinmanyareasofourlife,makingourworkmucheasierandmoreefficient.在我們生活的很多領(lǐng)域電腦已經(jīng)代替了人類，使得我們的工作更容易、更高效。3．What'smore,Internetisjustlikeabridgeofmunicatingbetweenpeople.Peoplegetcloserthroughit,whichpromotesinterpersonalrelationship.而且，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)就像人們之間溝通的橋梁。人們通過它距離變得更近了，這促進了人際關(guān)系。4．IfeelitisimportantforuseithertolimitouruseoftheInternet,ortolearnhowtohandletheproblemsithascaused.我覺得，要么限制使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，要么學會如何處理互聯(lián)網(wǎng)所引起的問題，這對我們來說很重要。5．WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,manyindividualsfavouronlineshoppingbecauseitismoreconvenientandcansavetime.隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，很多人喜歡網(wǎng)上購物，因為它更方便，而且能節(jié)省時間。6．Internetmakesourstudyandworkmoreeffective.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使我們的學習和工作更有效。7．OvertheInternet,wecanlearnmoreknowledgeandbroadenourhorizons.通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們可以學習更多的知識并開闊我們的視野。8．Somestudentsignoretheirstudiessincetheyareaddictedtoputergamesseriously.一些學生嚴重地沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲而忽視了學習。9．WeshouldmakegooduseofourtimeandnotbeeaddictedtotheInternet.我們應該充分利用我們的時間，而不是沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。10．Followthesetips,andyourtimespentdoingresearchontheInternetwillbemuchmoreworthwhile.遵循這些竅門，你在網(wǎng)上做研究所花的時間就會更加值得。時文拓展閱讀HowWillEurope’sNewArtificialIntelligenceRulesAffecttheWorld?Europeannationsreachedanagreementonrulesforartificialintelligence(AI)lastweek.Someexpertssaythe

regulations

willaffectpeoplearoundtheworld.HerearesomeofthedetailsoftheagreementreportedbytheAssociatedPress:TheAIActandhowitworks:TheAIActaimstoregulateorestablishguidelinesforAItechnologythathasthe

potential

tocauseproblemsifmisused.AIsystemsthatremendonlinematerial,orthosethatcheckemailmessages,wouldbelessregulated.Buttechnologythatconcernshealthcareormedicaldecisionswouldhavehigherrequirements.SomeAIsystemswillbebannedexceptinsomecases.Theyincludesystemsthat

scan

people'sfacesinpublicandsystemsthatmakepredictionsaboutfuturebehaviorsuchaswhetherapersonwillmitacrime.ThenewAIActwillnottakeeffectuntiltwoyearsafteravotefromEuropeanlawmakers.Thevoteisplannedforthefirstpartofnextyear.Thesoonestitwouldbeinplaceissometimeearlyin2026.HowwilltheActaffecttheworld?Someexpertssaytheguidelinescouldbeea

global

standard.Thathashappenedbefore.OnerecentEuropeandecisioncausedU.S.panyAppletostopusingitslightningdatacableinfavorofamorewidelyusedcable.ExpertssayEurope'srulesmightbeusedasa

blueprint

inotherpartsoftheworld.AnuBradfordisaprofessoratColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.ShecalledEurope'sact"prehensive"and"a

gamechanger."BradfordnotedtheEuropeanruleswill"showtheworldAIcanbegoverned."RightsgroupsplainedthatEurope'sdecisiontonotpletelybantheuseoffacialrecognition"isamissedopportunity."AmnestyInternationalnotedthatEuropedidnotbanexportsofAItechnologythatcovers

socialscoring.Socialscoringsystemspermitgovernmentstorecordhowwellcitizensfollowrules.WhataretheU.S.andChinadoing?IntheUnitedStates,PresidentJoeBidensignedan

executiveorder

inOctoberonAI.BidenrequiredAItechnologypaniestosharetestresultsandotherinformationwiththegovernment.GovernmentorganizationswillcreaterequirementsforAItoolsthatmustbefollowedbeforesystemsarereleasedforpublicuse.ChinareleasedrulesforAItoolsthatcreatematerialsuchasphotos,textandvideos.Therulesareonlyshorttermguidelines.PresidentXiJinpingalsocalledforanopenandfairenvironmentforAIdevelopmentaroundtheworld.WillEurope'sruleschangeChatGPT?TheriseofChatGPT,anAItoolbasedintheU.S.,isoneofthereasonsforEurope'snewsetofrules.Europe'srulesincludeguidelinesfor

chatbots

andotherAIsystemsthatcandojobssuchaswriting,creatingvideoandwritingputercode.Systemsmustclearlyshowwherethematerialthatwentintotrainingthebotscamefrom.Theyalsomustshowhowmuchenergywasusedtotrainthesystems,ormodels.Theyshouldbeopenabouthowtheycontrolthedatathatesfromtheirtool'susers.AndtheyneedtoobservetheEU'scopyrightpropertyprotectionlaws.HightechnologysystemsorriskyusesofAIarerequiredtofollow

stricter

rules.Thoseincludesystemsthatcreatebasicpiecesofinformation,suchasputercode,thatotherswillthenusetocreateotherAIsystems.【譯文欣賞】歐洲新的人工智能法案將如何影響世界？歐洲國家上周就人工智能（AI）規(guī)則達成協(xié)議。一些專家表示，這些規(guī)定將影響世界各地的人們。以下是美聯(lián)社報道的協(xié)議的一些細節(jié)：《人工智能法案》及其運作方式：《人工智能法案》旨在規(guī)范或制定人工智能技術(shù)的指導方針，如果濫用，可能會造成問題。推薦在線材料或檢查電子郵件的人工智能系統(tǒng)將受到較少的監(jiān)管。但涉及醫(yī)療保健或醫(yī)療決策的技術(shù)將有更高的要求。除某些情況外，一些人工智能系統(tǒng)將被禁止。它們包括在公共場合掃描人們面部的系統(tǒng)，以及預測未來行為（如一個人是否會犯罪）的系統(tǒng)。新的《人工智能法案》將在歐洲立法者投票兩年后生效。投票計劃于明年上半年進行。它最快將在2026年初到位。該法案將如何影響世界？一些專家表示，該指南可能會成為全球標準。這種情況以前也發(fā)生過。最近歐洲的一項決定導致美國公司蘋果停止使用其閃電數(shù)據(jù)線，轉(zhuǎn)而使用更廣泛使用的電纜。專家表示，歐洲的規(guī)則可能會被世界其他地區(qū)用作藍圖。阿努·布拉德福德是紐約哥倫比亞大學的教授。她稱歐洲的法案是“全面的”和“游戲規(guī)則的改變者”。Bradford指出，歐洲的規(guī)則將“向世界展示人工智能是可以被治理的”人權(quán)組織抱怨說，歐洲不完全禁止使用面部識別的決定“是一個錯失的機會”。大赦國際指出，歐洲沒有禁止出口涵蓋社會評分的人工智能技術(shù)。社會評分系統(tǒng)允許政府記錄公民遵守規(guī)則的情況。美國和中國在做什么？在美國，喬·拜登總統(tǒng)于10月簽署了一項關(guān)于人工智能的行政命令。拜登要求人工智能技術(shù)公司與政府分享測試結(jié)果和其他信息。政府組織將制定人工智能工具的要求，在系統(tǒng)發(fā)布供公眾使用之前必須遵守這些要求。中國發(fā)布了創(chuàng)建照片、文本和視頻等材料的人工智能工具規(guī)則。這些規(guī)則只是短期的指導方針。歐洲的規(guī)則會改變ChatGPT嗎？總部位于美國的人工智能工具ChatGPT的興起是歐洲制定新規(guī)則的原因之一。歐洲的規(guī)則包括聊天機器人和其他可以完成寫作、創(chuàng)建視頻和編寫計算機代碼等工作的人工智能系統(tǒng)的指導方針。系統(tǒng)必須清楚地顯示用于訓練機器人的材料來自哪里。他們還必須展示訓練系統(tǒng)或模型所消耗的能量。他們應該公開如何控制來自工具用戶的數(shù)據(jù)。他們需要遵守歐盟的版權(quán)財產(chǎn)保護法。高科技系統(tǒng)或人工智能的高風險使用需要遵循更嚴格的規(guī)則。其中包括創(chuàng)建基本信息（如計算機代碼）的系統(tǒng)，其他人將使用這些信息創(chuàng)建其他人工智能系統(tǒng)?！驹~匯積累】regulations

–n.(pl.)

rulesandlawsthatgovernafieldorindustry規(guī)定potential

–n.

thepossibilitythatsomethingmighthappen某事發(fā)展的可能性scan

–v.

torecordtheimageofsomethingandtouseitdigitally掃描global

standard

–n.

alevelofqualityforafieldorindustrythatisobservedorrequirearoundtheworld全球標準blueprint

–n.

theplansforabuilding;asetofplansforhowsomethingshouldbedone藍圖；設(shè)計圖prehensive

–adj.

involvingallpartsofsomething綜合性的；全面的gamechanger

–n.(idiom)

somethingthatisimportantorcauseschange規(guī)則改變者socialscoring

–n.

awayofratingpeopleonsocialissues社會信用評分chatbot

–n.

anartificialintelligencetoolthatproduceswritingorothermaterialonrequestbytakingexistingthingsfromtheinternet一種聊天程序【知識拓展】3月13日，歐洲議會正式投票通過并批準歐盟《人工智能法案》。在法國斯特拉斯堡舉行的歐洲議會全會上，該法案獲得523張贊成票，46張反對票。人工智能法案》文本的草案最早是歐盟委員會在2021年4月提出，內(nèi)容包括將嚴格禁止“對人類安全造成不可接受風險的人工智能系統(tǒng)”，包括有目的地操縱技術(shù)、利用人性弱點或根據(jù)行為、社會地位和個人特征等進行評價的系統(tǒng)等。據(jù)悉，該法案將在走完所有審批程序后在歐盟公報上予以公布并于20天后生效。法案中的相關(guān)條款將分階段實施?！驹~匯延伸】ArtificialIntelligence人工智能AssociatedPress美聯(lián)社聯(lián)合通訊社regulate規(guī)定調(diào)節(jié)，控制約束，控制，管理AItechnology人工智能技術(shù)insomecases在某些情況下有時候inpublic當眾，在別人面前公開地公然地綜合實戰(zhàn)演練（一）（2024·浙江·高考真題七選五））Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbeeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.1Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?2Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogettheiradviceaboutonlinecourses,Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.3“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule,”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou’reaselfmotivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.Thetipthatesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,justlikewhatyouwoulddowithinpersoncourses.4Henotedthathisonlinestudentsusuallyendupwithlowergrades.Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswillsufferasaresult.Besuretoschedulesettimestowatchyourlectures,readmaterialsandcontributetoonlinediscussionboards.5Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandotoeasethisproblem.JessicaPink,anundergraduatestudent,suggeststakingonlinecourseswithafriend,soyoucanmotivateeachothertostayontrack.Youcanalsofindstudentsontheclassdiscussionboardtoorganizeastudygroup,orscheduleinpersonmeetingswithyourprofessortodiscusscourseconcepts.A．Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.B．Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C．Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D．ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E．Thechiefplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F．Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G．Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.高考英語七選五解題技巧（二）Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou’reaselfmotivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou’reaselfmotivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句是祈使句，謂語動詞consider，“and”連接whether和if引導的賓語從句做consider賓語，Beforechoosingtostudyonline是介詞短語做狀語。翻譯：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________significantsignificantadj_________；digitaladj__________；obviousadj_________；schedulen_______；selfmotivatedadj________；inpersonadj_____________；setadj[熟詞新義]__________；contributev[熟詞新義]________；easev_______；conceptn________；deadlinen________；motivationn________；lackv________；interactionn________；losesightofsth________；fallbehind________；eup________；endupwith________；letsthslide________；motivatesbtodosth________；registerfor_______（二）（2324高一下·四川綿陽·期末）HowtoStopBeinganOversharerinPersonandonSocialMediaDoyoufindyourselfsharingdetailsaboutyourlifewithatotalstranger?Or,maybeyoulookbackonaconversationwithacoworkerandrealizeyouweretalkingtheentiretime.6Whetheryouoversharetofillawkwardsilencesorjustbecauseyoudon’tknowwhatelsetotalkabout,we’vegotyoucovered:we’vecollectedthebesttipstoavoidoversharing.Pausefor1to2secondsbeforespeaking.Sometimeswetalkwithoutthinking,andendupsharingmorethanwemeanto.7Thatway,youcanthinktwiceandavoidanythingyoudon’twanttotalkabout.8Maybeaconversationisheadedinadirectionthatcarriesalotofemotionalweightforyou.Ifyoudon’twanttotalkaboutsomething(relationshipproblems,pasttrauma,grief,etc.),casuallyturntoothersubjectsbygivingthemaplimentorpointingoutsomethingaboutyourenvironment.Setclearboundariesforyourselfbeforetalking.Inyourhead,makealistoftopicsthatyoudon’twanttotalkaboutwithanacquaintanceorastranger.Whenyoufindyourselftowardthosesubjects,usethemethodsabovetoavoidthem.9Avoidsocialmediawhenyou’refeelingemotional.10Whenyou’reupset,youmightfindthatyoupostthingsyounormallywouldn’tonyoursocialmediaaccounts.Toavoidoversharingonsocialmedia,logoutofyouraccountsanytimeyou’refeelingdown.Ifyoudoso,youwon’ttendtotellpeoplethingsonlinethatyoudon’tactuallywanttoshare.A．Avoidaconversationwithemotionalsubjects．B．Oversharingdoesn’talwayshappeninperson．C．Changethetopicofaconversationifitcausesburden．D．Beforeopeningyourmouth,reconsiderwhatyou’regoingtosay．E．Thatway,youcanstopyourselffromoversharingfromthebeginning．F．Oversharingiseasytohappen,andit’saproblemthatmanyofusdealwith．G．Realizingthatwetalktoomuch,weoftenfeelregretfulaboutwhatwesay．（三）（2324高一下·湖北·期末）Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithpletepeaceofmind.11Thismeansyoucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforpanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.12Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.Thisensuresyourdataremainssecureandinaccessibletoanyoneelse.Shouldyouchoose,youcanputcertainpermissionsinplace,whichmakesiteasytoshareyourdatawithyourcolleaguesoryourfamily.Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.13Youcanstoreanythingdigital:allyourfiles,videosandpictures.Whetheryouwanttousethisstoragesolutiontostoreyourfamilyphotographsoryouwanttouseittostoreyourworkdocumentation,youwillfinditquiteconvenient.Isitbetterthanyourputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.puterscrashallthetime.14Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.Hereyoualsohavetheaddedriskofmisplacingitorhavingitstolen.Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.15A．Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.B．Youwillfindcloudstorageverycheap.C．Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.D．Itistheleastthingpeopleliketomeetduringwork.E．Thisisthemostmoncauseoflostworkandmemories.F．Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.G．Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.（四）（2223高一下·云南昭通·期末）It’stimetoownup.Whenyou’resittingatyourputer,doyouworkcontinuouslyallday?Ordoyouallowyourselftobeedistractednowandagaintoopenafewextrawebsites,checksocialmedia,readaspotofnews,browsethelatestfashiontrends,maybecatchuponsomecelebritygossip,andlookatsome...Stop!You’re“cyberloafing”.Theunwieldywordisabinationof“cyber”,whichmeans“relatedtoputers”,and“l(fā)oafing”,whichmeans“relaxinginalazyway”.Wedoit,andwedoitalot.AstudyfromtheUniversityofTexassuggestsweareguiltyofthisformofprocrastination(拖延)for14%ofourworkingday.OnaFridayafternoon,it’sexpectedtobemorethanthat.Butit’saslipperyslope.Itcandamageyourproductivityandevenyourcareer.BecauseaccordingtotheUniversityofTexasresearch,eachtimeaworkergetssidetrackedbytheinternet,ittakesanaverageof23minutestogetbacktowork.Morethanthat,cyberloafinghasadarkside,accordingtoareportpublishedinTheJournalofPsychosocialResearchonCyberspace.Itarguesthatcyberloafingisconnectedtoseveralnegativepersonalitytraits.Peoplewho

cyberloafaremorelikelytobeselfishandnarcissististic(自戀的).Furthermore,peoplewiththesetraitsarelesslikelytofeelashamedaboutavoidingwork,andlessconcernedaboutgettingcaught.Whydowedoit?Forsome,it’sundoubtedlyanescapefromthehardboringworkthatthey’resupposedtobedoing.Somemightgetafeelingofsatisfaction,getexcitementfromfindingagreatdealonline.Butoverall,it’ssomethingthattakesyouawayfromwhatyou’reactuallybeingpaidtodo,orpayingtodo:ifyou’reastudent.Whenyouhavethewholeworldoftheinternetatyourfingertips,it’shardtoresist.Howdoweavoidcyberloafing?Ifyoucantrulyaskyourselfwhyyouarecyberloafing,thenthatcanhelpidentifythebaseproblem.Andifthatsoundsliketoomuchhardwork,youcouldjustswitchofftheinternetforacoupleofhours!16．Inwritingparagraph1,theauthoraimsto__________.A．makeaparison B．reachaconclusionC．introduceatopic D．provideevidence17．What’sNOTcausedbycyberloafing?A．Lowproductivity. B．Highefficiency.C．Beingdistracted. D．Selfinterested.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“slipperyslope”inparagraph3mean?A．Badhabit. B．Roughroad.C．Smoothstep. D．Bigobstacle.19．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.（五）（2324高一下·貴州畢節(jié)·期末）Singaporeusesabout430milliongallonsofwatereveryday—anumberitexpectscoulddoubleinthenextfourdecades.Thatkindofconsumption(消費)isincreasingpressureontheAsiancitystatetosolvegrowingproblemsaboutglobalwatershortage.Soitisbuildingnewtechnologytoprepareitselfforafuturewheregettingcleanwaterwillbeevenmoredifficult.Rapidurbanization(城市化)andrisingglobaltemperaturesaremakingaccesstonaturalwatersourcesincreasinglyhardtoget.Meanwhile,Singaporeishometomorethanfivemillionpeopleandiscoveredinfountains,reservoirs(水庫)andotherwaterfeatures—includingtheworld’stallestindoorwaterfall,a130footfacilitythatpumps10,000gallonsofwaterperminute.Butithasnonaturalwatersourcesofitsown,insteadrelyingheavilyonrecycledwaterandimportsfromitsneighbors.There’sabigdesiretobeewaterindependent—tocontrolthefuture—andthatislargelydependentonthetechnologiesbeingdeveloped.Onedevelopment:Asmall,blacksponge(海綿)cancleanwastewater.Thespongeabsorbs(吸收)190timesitsweightinwastelikecontaminants(污染物)andmicroplastics.Thematerialisreallyusefulandwillbefurtherdevelopedformercialuse.Anotheroneisalightweightfiltrationdevice(過濾裝置)thathasalreadyprovidedcleandrinkingwatertomorethan75,000peopleacrossSoutheastAsia.Oneofthemostcreativeaspectsoftheproductisitssimplicity.Besides,thewaterfiltrationdeviceisnobiggerthanabicyclepump,butitcanprovidecleanwatertovillagesof100peopleforuptotwoyears.Everyoneisveryluckytohaveaccesstocleandrinkingwater.Forpeopleintheworld,cleanwaterisabasicaspectforlifeonearth.What’smoreimportant,itiseveryone’sresponsibilitytopayattentiontowatershortageandtakeaction.20．Whatcanwelearnaboutthefuture?A．Itmaybeeasiertogetcleanwater. B．Watershortagemaybeworse.C．Thepopulationmaybeelarger. D．Waterconsumptionmaybeeless.21．WhatdoestheauthordescribeaboutSingapore?A．Somenaturalwatersourcesarefoundeverywhere.B．Fivemillionpeoplegotofindwatersources.C．Singaporehasthetallestnaturalwaterfall.D．Rapidurbanizationpartlycauseswatershortage.22．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout??A．WhySingaporeisshortofwater. B．Whetherthereiswatershortage.C．Howwesolvewatershortage. D．Whatwatershortageis.23．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsdealingwithwatershortage?A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Unclear. D．Disapproving.（六）（2324高一下·貴州銅仁·期末）Inrecentyears,scientistswhostudywildpopulationsareincreasinglyturningtoremotelypilotedplanes,otherwiseknownasdrones,tomonitoranimals.Forexample,dronesarebeingusedtotrackwhales,ortokeepaneyeonAfricanelephantherdsandwatchforsignsofpoaching.Suchremotesurveysaregenerallyconsideredhighlycosteffective.Butitwasn’tclearwhethertheyareasaccurateasoldfashioned,feetontheground,expertevaluations.Tofindout,JarrodHodgsonoftheUniversityofAdelaideledthestudy.Usingrubberducks,theresearcherslaidout10colonies(聚居地),ranginginsizefromabout500tomorethan1,000individuals.“Wethenhadexperiencedgroundcountersmakeindependentcountsofthosebirdsfromnearby.Atthesametime,weflewadroneoverheadcapturingphotographs.”Thedronedatawerethenanalyzedtwoways.First,agroupofscientistsaddedupthenumberofbirdstheycouldseeineachscene.Theresultsofthatapproach:“Wefoundthatonaveragethedronederiveddataorthedronederivedcountsmadebyhumanscountingtheimageswerebetween43percentand96percentmoreaccuratethanthetraditionalgroundbasedcounts.”Thebettertheimage,themoreaccuratethecount.Then,Hodgsonandhisteamdevelopedasemiautomatedputerprogramtodothecountingforthem.Andtheyfound:“therewasnostatisticaldifferencebetweenthosecountsandthecountspletedbyourvolunteersusingexactlythesameimagery.”TheresultsappearinthejournalMethodsinEcologyandEvolution.Socountingbydronenotonlysavestimeandeffort,butyieldsbetterdata,adefiniteplusintermsofconservation.“Whenwemonitorwildlife,increasingtheaccuracyandtheprecisionofanimalsurveysgivesusmoreconfidenceinourpopulationestimates.Andthis.meansthatwehaveastrongerevidencebaseonwhichtomakemanagementdecisionsorpolicychanges.”Inotherwords,adroneintheskyisbetterthantwoscientistsinthebush.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A．Drones. B．Remotesurveys.C．Whales. D．Africanelephantherds.25．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultsoftheapproach?A．Thedronedataweremoreaccurate.B．Theimageswereveryplex.C．Thecounthasnothingtodowiththeimage.D．Thetraditionalgroundbasedcountsweremorereliable.26．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theprocedureofcountingbydrones.B．Theaccuracyofcountingbydrones.C．Theaimofcountingbydrones.D．Thebenefitsofcountingbydrones.27．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheWaystoAnalyzeDroneDataB．TheScientistsintheBushC．TheDronesUsedtoCountAnimalsD．TheJobofaGroundCounter（七）、完形填空（2324高一下·江蘇鹽城·期中）Iwasappreciatingmyfamilyphotosonmyputer,admiringmytwobeautifulbabieswhenIfounda(n)28scene:mylaptopwasinalmostallthepictures.Therewasmydaughter,8monthsold,playingatmyfeetwhileIwas29onthecouch.Therewasmyson,withabigtransformer,onmyleftarms.I’dheardabouttheInternetaddictionbefore,butIalwaysthoughtitwassomethingonly30playingtoomuchWorldofWarcraft(aputergame)dayandnight.Now,itseemedmyInternethabitisslowlybutsurelycrossingthe31.SometimesIfindmyself32atmidnight,surfingtheWeb33myfamilyaresleeping.Ireadnews,keepupwithfriendsandwritemyblog…justforsomethingtodo.It34thatI’mnottheonlymamawhoisaddictedtotheputer.Thesemomsarecontributingtoagrowingglobaladdiction.There’samovementamongpsychiatrists(doctorswhospecializeinmentaldiseases)to35theInternetaddictionasanofficialmentaldisorder.AndarecentStanfordUniversitynationalsurveyfoundthat14percentofInternetusersfindit36tostayawayfromitforseveraldaysatatime;9percenttrytohidetheir37Internetusefromtheirlovedones;8percentadmittheyusetheWebasawaytoescape38.You’relikelynotthekindofaddictwhodoesn’tbatheandabusesdrugstohelpstayupformoreonlinetime.Youmayhavenoticed,39,thatgoingonlinehasbeeanecessarypartofyourlife,which,40,meansaboxofclothesgo41.Itmayalsomeanyou’remissingmuchtimewithyourbaby—somethingyouprobablydo42about.28．A．wonderful B．eyecatching C．scary D．disturbing29．A．eating B．typing C．singing D．jumping30．A．limitedto B．devotedto C．belongedto D．gluedto31．A．knife B．bridge C．path D．line32．A．in B．out C．up D．down33．A．while B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．since34．A．figuresout B．turnsout C．setsout D．stretchesout35．A．a(chǎn)dmit B．judge C．regard D．recognize36．A．obvious B．a(chǎn)cceptable C．hard D．favorable37．A．a(chǎn)ccessible B．irreplaceable C．unbelievable D．unnecessary38．A．a(chǎn)rrangements B．entertainments C．threats D．disforts39．A．therefore B．though C．somehow D．hence40．A．a(chǎn)tleast B．a(chǎn)boveallelse C．a(chǎn)fterall D．a(chǎn)tmost41．A．unworn B．unnoticed C．unreported D．unwashed42．A．hesitate B．bring C．care D．a(chǎn)ppreciate（八）書面表達（2324高二上·陜西寶雞·期中）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。SHOULDWEFIGHTNEWTECHNOLOGY?Thismorning,Isawtheshockingheadline:“PassengerDiesWhenCarCrashesinDriverlessMode”.Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.Theysaidthatsomeadvancesintechnologywereunnecessaryandcouldevenbedangerous.Hence,weshouldceaseacceptingtechnologyjustbecauseitisnew.Thenewspaperreportedthatthecarpanyhadalreadyapologized