四川省眉山市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省眉山市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）1.WhatdoesLindalovemostaboutChongqing?A.Thefood.B.Thepeople.C.Thelandscape.2.WheredoesJason’smothercomefrom?A.Spain.B.Mexico.C.America.3.Whatmakesthewomanchoosethezoo?A.Itssize.B.Itslocation.C.Itsdesign.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sdeed?A.Stupid.B.Great.C.Confusing.5.Howwouldthewomanliketowatchmovies?A.Atthecinema.B.Onthecomputer.C.Onthesmartphone.第二節(jié)聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisKaren’sfavoriteleisuretimeactivity?A.Gardening.B.Readingbooks.C.Collectingstamps.7.Howmanystampshasthemancollected?A.100.B.150.C.200.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howoldshouldachildbetogotothecamp?A.Atleast3yearsold.B.Atleast9yearsold.C.Atleast19yearsold.9.Whatdoolderchildrenmainlylearnintheclass?A.Basicdanceskills.B.Differentstylesofdance.C.Challengingballetmovements.10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Bookaclassonline.B.Findoutthecamp’sprice.C.TellAmyaboutthecamp.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdidGuyParker-Reesdoforthebook?A.Hewrotethestory.B.Hefinancedit.C.Hedrewitspaintings.12.WhatdidJohndecidetodoafterreadingthebook?A.Learntoadmireothers.B.Keeplearningnewthings.C.Appreciatehisownstrengths.13.WheredidJohngetthebook?A.Fromabookstore.B.Fromalibrary.C.Fromafriend.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatrecorddoesZurielOduwolehold?A.Thefilmmakerofmakingthemostfilms.B.Themostfamousfilmmakeratthemoment.C.Theyoungestfilmmakerinthefilmindustryever.15.WhydidZurielOduwolemakefilms?A.Tomakesomemoney.B.TodrawattentiontoAfricanlives.C.TopromoteeducationforAfricangirls.16.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutZurielOduwole?A.Sheisbrave.B.Sheisinspiring.C.Sheisconfident.17.Whoismostprobablythewoman?A.Anathlete.B.Acoach.C.Anactress.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononlearningafterleavingschool?A.It’spopular.B.It’simportant.C.It’schallenging.19.Whatdoesthespeakerlovedoingmost?A.Travelingtonewplaces.B.Joiningpeergroups.C.Readingbooks.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Howtogetabettertutor.B.Howtodevelopnewhobbies.C.Howtobecomealifelonglearner.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATherearetonsofphysicstextbooksavailablearoundtheworld.Basedonourwebresearch,hereareourtopfourpickswiththeintroductionofphysicsinsimple,practicallanguage.Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamicsThisbookisacollectionofonlineteachingsbyProfessorR.Shankar.ShankarisoneofthefirsttobeinvolvedintheinnovativeOpenYaleCoursesprogram.Itisaperfectintroductiontocollege-levelphysics.Studentsofchemistry,engineering,andAPPhysicswillfindthisbookhelpful.PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineeringThisbookhelpsstudentstoreadscientificdata,answerscientificquestions,andidentifyfundamentalconcepts.Thenewandimproved10theditionfeaturesmulti-mediaresources,andquestionstoteststudents’understandingofeachconcept.TheFeynmanLecturesonPhysicsRichardFeynmanisregardedasoneofthegreatestteachersofphysicstowalkthefaceoftheearth.ThisbookisacollectionofFeynman’slectures.Inhiswords,theselecturesallbeganasanexperiment,which,inturn,formedthebasisofthisbook.UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysicsThebookisrecognizedforteachingandapplyingprinciplesofphysicsthroughanarrative(敘事的)method.Toensureabetterunderstandingandabilitytoapplytheseconcepts,workedexamplesareprovided,givingstudentstoolstodevelopproblem-solvingskillsandconceptualunderstanding.1.Whatdothefirsttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theyareimprovededitions.B.Theyarewrittenbyprofessors.C.Theyfavorstudentsofengineering.D.Theyfeaturemulti-mediaresources.2.Whichbookbestsuitsstudentswhoenjoylearningphysicsthroughpracticalexamples?A.Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamics.B.PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineering.C.TheFeynmanLecturesonPhysics.D.UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysics.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anonlinearticle.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Aphysicstextbook.D.Asciencejournal.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本物理學(xué)入門教科書，這些書用簡單的語言介紹了物理學(xué)?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Itisaperfectintroductiontocollege-levelphysics.Studentsofchemistry,engineering,andAPPhysicswillfindthisbookhelpful.(這是大學(xué)物理的完美入門?；瘜W(xué)、工程和AP物理專業(yè)的學(xué)生會發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有幫助。)”可知，Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamics這本書適合化學(xué)、工程學(xué)和AP物理學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，再由文章第三段“Thisbookhelpsstudentstoreadscientificdata,answerscientificquestions,andidentifyfundamentalconcepts.(這本書幫助學(xué)生閱讀科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，回答科學(xué)問題，并確定基本概念。)”可知，PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineering這本書能幫助學(xué)生閱讀科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)、回答科學(xué)問題并確定基本概念，且此書的名字也提及了工程學(xué)專業(yè)，故這兩本書都適合工程學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生閱讀。故選C項。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Toensureabetterunderstandingandabilitytoapplytheseconcepts,workedexamplesareprovided,givingstudentstoolstodevelopproblem-solvingskillsandconceptualunderstanding.(為了確保更好地理解和應(yīng)用這些概念，提供了工作示例，為學(xué)生提供了培養(yǎng)解決問題的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysics這本書最適合喜歡通過實際例子學(xué)習(xí)物理的學(xué)生。故選D項。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Basedonourwebresearch,hereareourtopfourpickswiththeintroductionofphysicsinsimple,practicallanguage.(根據(jù)我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究，以下是我們用簡單實用的語言介紹物理學(xué)的四大精選。)”并分析文章的語言和內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這篇文章可能是一篇在線文章（類似于網(wǎng)絡(luò)文章或博客帖子）。故選A項。BTechbusinessmanJaredIsaacman,whomadeafortuneintechandfighterjets,boughtanentireflightandtookthree“everyday”peoplewithhimtospace.Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfcomingfromhisownpocket.HiscrewincludedaSt.Judeworkerwithdirecttiestotheactivity,representingtheactivity’spillar(核心)ofHope,aprofessor,andanotherperson,representingthepillarofGenerosity,chosenaspartofa$200millionSt.Judefundraisingprogram.AllwereinvitedtojoinindonatingtoreachtheambitiousoverallcampaigngoalinsupportofSt.Jude’scurrentmulti-billiondollarexpansiontospeedupresearchadvancesandsavemorechildrenworldwide.AnyonedonatingtoSt.Judewouldbeenteredintoarandomdrawingforthe“Generosity”seat.Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingcompany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMake-A-Wishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(艦隊)offighterjets.Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddream-boardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistory-makingevent.Hecalleditan“epic(史詩般的)adventure”.“Itrulywantustoliveinaworld50or100yearsfromnowwherepeoplearejumpingtheirrockets,”Isaacmansaid.“Andifwe’regoingtoliveinthatworld,we’dbetterdealwithchildhoodcancersuccessfullyalongtheway.”4.WhydidIsaacmanraisefundsforSt.Jude?A.Toexpandafundraisingprogramme. B.Toperformanactofgreatgenerosity.C.Tomakehischildhooddreamcometrue. D.ToencourageSt.Jude’slife-savingwork.5.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.ThecommercialskillsofIsaacman. B.ThegrowthexperienceofIsaacman.C.ThereasonforIsaacman’sgooddeeds. D.ThebeginningofIsaacman’sbusiness.6.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe“epicadventure”?A.Itwasamulti-dayjourney. B.Itwillbecommoninthefuture.C.Itinvolvedthreeciviliansintotal. D.Itisasymbolofhopeforabetterlife.7.WhatmessageisconveyedinIsaacman’sstory?A.Nosweetwithoutsweat. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.Apennysavedisapennyearned.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章圍繞Isaacman的太空旅行、他的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷、以及他對社會公益事業(yè)的貢獻展開，展現(xiàn)了一個充滿夢想、勇氣和責(zé)任感的企業(yè)家形象。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfcomingfromhisownpocket.(他計劃利用這次私人旅行為圣裘德兒童研究醫(yī)院籌集2億美元，其中一半由他自掏腰包。)”可知，Isaacman為St.Jude籌集資金是為了鼓勵其拯救生命的工作，幫助加快研究進展并拯救更多的兒童。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingcompany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMake-A-Wishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(艦隊)offighterjets.(Isaacman自幼兒園起就對太空“非常感興趣”。他16歲時輟學(xué)，獲得了高中同等學(xué)歷證書，并在他父母的地下室里開始了自己的事業(yè)，這成為了信用卡處理公司Shift4Payments的開端。2009年，他在為“許愿基金會”籌集資金的同時，創(chuàng)下了環(huán)球飛行的速度紀錄，后來還創(chuàng)立了DrakenInternational，這是世界上最大的私人戰(zhàn)斗機艦隊。)”可知，第三段主要講述了Isaacman的成長經(jīng)歷。故選B。【6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddream-boardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistory-makingevent.(現(xiàn)在，他已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了兒時的夢想——登上宇宙飛船，這艘飛船在佛羅里達州發(fā)射，并在這一具有歷史意義的事件中繞地球飛行了三天。)”可知，這次史詩般的冒險是一次多日的太空之旅。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，Isaacman通過努力實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，展示了只要有決心和勇氣，沒有什么是不可能的。他放棄了學(xué)業(yè)，但在父母的地下室里開始了自己的事業(yè)，最終取得了成功。因此，他的故事傳達了“有志者事竟成”的信息，即只要有決心和勇氣，就可以克服任何困難，實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故選C。CIsdietsodasafe?Ifyou’reconcernedaboutsugar,dietproductsseemabetteroption,sweetandnotsobadforyou.Wrong!Drinkingdietsodaregularlycanincreaseyourriskofdiseases.Despitethefactthatwecallthesedrinks“diet”,theartificialsweetenerstheycontainarelinkedtoweightgain,notloss.There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.Theteamdrewuponadatasetofnearly32,000femalenurses,ages42to62whenthestudybegan.Itturnedoutthatthenurseswhoconsumedthemostdietdrinkshada37percenthigherchanceofdepression,comparedtothosewhodranktheleastornone.Dietsodaalsoincreasesyourriskofstroke(中風(fēng)),accordingtoaseparatemeta-analysisthatincluded72studies.Lookingforthecausesbehindthestroke,researcherstookvariousbloodmeasurementswhen12healthyvolunteersintheir20sdrankwater,soda,ordietsoda.Theresultshowedthatbothsodasslowedtheflowofbloodwithinthebrain.Thoughtheeffectdidn’tseemsufficienttocausestroke,slowerbloodflowcouldhaveaccumulatingeffects.Otherresearchershavefoundthatdietsodaincreasestheriskofdementia(癡呆),fromdatafromnearly178,000volunteerstrackedoveranaverageofnineyears.That’snotabigsurprise.Anearlierstudyofabout4,300volunteersconcludedthatdrinkingdietsodaeverydaywastiedtothreetimestheriskofdementiaoverthefollowingdecade.Theresearcherslookedatbrainscansandtheresultsofmentalfunctionassessments.Adailydietsodawaslinkedtosmallerbrainsandaggravateslong-termmemory,tworiskfactorsfordementia.Avoidingdepression,stroke,anddementiaisanobviousgoalforwhoeverdesirestoagehealthily.Soyouknowwhattodo.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenthispointofview?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Bygivingopinions.C.Byquotingspecialists. D.Bypresentingresearch.9.Whateffectmightdietsodahaveonpeople?A.Slightweightloss. B.Increasedbloodflow.C.Raiseddepressionrisk. D.Severementaldecline.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“aggravates”inparagraph4?A.Deletes. B.Worsens. C.Motivates. D.Stimulates.11.Whatmighttheauthoradviseustodo?A.Quitconsumingdietsodas. B.Limitthedailysugarintake.C.Setachievablehealthgoals. D.Followfixedagingprocess.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章中作者通過引用多項研究來表明喝無糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁癥、中風(fēng)和癡呆的風(fēng)險?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.(最新的證據(jù)表明，它們會增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險，這一證據(jù)來自哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員的一項新分析)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Otherresearchershavefoundthatdietsodaincreasestheriskofdementia(癡呆),fromdatafromnearly178,000volunteerstrackedoveranaverageofnineyears.(其他研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無糖汽水會增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險，這些數(shù)據(jù)來自對近17.8萬名志愿者平均9年的跟蹤調(diào)查)”可知，作者通過展示研究來提出自己的觀點。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.(最新的證據(jù)表明，它們會增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險，這一證據(jù)來自哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員的一項新分析)”可知，根據(jù)哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員的數(shù)據(jù)，無糖汽水會增加患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險。故選C?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Adailydietsodawaslinkedtosmallerbrains(每天喝無糖汽水會導(dǎo)致大腦萎縮)”和后文“tworiskfactorsfordementia(癡呆的兩個危險因素)”可知，每天喝無糖汽水會導(dǎo)致大腦萎縮，所以“aggravateslong-termmemory(aggravates長期記憶)”也應(yīng)表示無糖汽水的不良影響。因此，aggravate的意思應(yīng)為“使惡化”，worsen與之意思相近。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Avoidingdepression,stroke,anddementiaisanobviousgoalforwhoeverdesirestoagehealthily.Soyouknowwhattodo.(避免抑郁、中風(fēng)和癡呆是任何想要健康老去的人的一個明顯目標(biāo)。所以你知道該怎么做)”可知，為了能健康地老去，作者可能會建議我們停止喝無糖汽水。故選A。DRecentdevelopmentsinrobotics,artificialintelligence,andmachinelearninghavebroughtusintheeyeofthestormofanewautomationage.Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.Automationcanenablebusinessestoimproveperformancebyreducingerrorsandimprovingqualityandspeed,andinsomecasesachievingoutcomesthatgobeyondhumancapabilities.Atatimeofweakproductivitygrowthworldwide,automationtechnologiescanprovidethemuch-neededpromotionofeconomicgrowth,accordingtothereport.Automationcouldraiseproductivitygrowthgloballyby0.8percentto1.4percent.Atagloballevel,technicallyautomatedactivitiesinvolved1.1billionemployeesand11.9trillionU.S.dollarsinwages,thereportsaid.Thereportalsoshowedthatactivitiesmostinfluencedbyautomationwerephysicalonesinhighlystructuredandpredictableenvironments,aswellasdatacollectionandprocessing.IntheUnitedStates,theseactivitiesmakeup51percentofactivitiesintheeconomy,accountingforalmost2.7trilliondollarsinwages.Theyaremostcommoninproduction,accommodationandfoodservice,andtheretail(零售)trade.Andit’snotjustlow-skill,low-wageworkthatislikelytobeinfluencedbyautomation;middle-skillandhigh-paying,high-skilloccupations,too,haveadegreeofautomationpotential.Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitive(認知的)capabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.12.Whatisthereportmainlyabout?A.Comparisonsofrobotswithhumans.B.Analysisofautomation’spotentialineconomy.C.Predictionoftheunemploymentproblem.D.Explanationsoftheconceptoftheautomationage.13.Whatmighthappenin2055accordingtothetext?A.Automationwillcauseweakproductivitygrowth.B.Automationwillreduceemployees’wages.C.Activitieslikedatacollectionandprocessingwilldisappear.D.Activitiesinvolvefeelingemotionscanbeperformedbyrobots.14.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthumanworkers?A.Worried. B.Mixed.C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Automation:Achallengetoall?B.Automation:Wheretogofromhere?C.Automation:Whoistheeventualwinner?D.Automation:Afuturereplacementforhumans?〖答案〗12.B13.D14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了麥肯錫全球研究院的一份報告。報告預(yù)測，到2055年，隨著對技術(shù)的適應(yīng)，大約一半的人類工作有可能實現(xiàn)自動化?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的句子“Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.(麥肯錫全球研究所(McKinseyGlobalInstitute)的一份報告預(yù)測，到2055年，隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，大約一半的人類工作可能會實現(xiàn)自動化。)”和接下來三段的展開論述可知，這篇報告主要分析了自動化對經(jīng)濟的影響，探討了自動化在提高效率、推動經(jīng)濟增長方面的作用，以及這一趨勢對不同類型工作的影響。故選B。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitivecapabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.(機器人和計算機不僅可以比人類更好、更便宜地完成一系列日常體力勞動，而且也越來越有能力完成需要認知能力的活動，比如感受情緒或駕駛。)”可知，機器人和計算機會越來越能夠完成需要認知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情緒或駕駛車輛。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.(雖然目前關(guān)于自動化的爭論主要集中在許多人可能被取代從而失去經(jīng)濟資源的可能性上，但分析表明，人類仍然是需要的：只有當(dāng)人類與機器一起工作時，總生產(chǎn)率才會提高。)”可知，作者對人類工作者持積極樂觀的態(tài)度。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文開頭主要介紹了機器人技術(shù)、人工智能和機器學(xué)習(xí)的最新發(fā)展使人類處于一個新的自動化時代的風(fēng)口浪尖。麥肯錫全球研究院的一份報告預(yù)測，到2055年，隨著對技術(shù)的適應(yīng)，大約一半的人工工作有可能實現(xiàn)自動化。接著文章展開介紹了自動化對經(jīng)濟及不同類型工作的影響，最后提出人類和機器一起工作，總生產(chǎn)率提高才會實現(xiàn)。因此D項“自動化：未來人類的替代品？”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sustainabletravelisnowoneofthefastest-growingmovements.Itsgoalistomeettheneedsofthetourismindustrywithoutharmingnaturalandculturalenvironments.____16____Herearesomeconcretewaystoreduceyourenvironmentalimpactasatraveler.____17____Traveldoesn’thavetobeaboutgoingsomewherefaraway.It’stheartofexploration,discoveryandgettingoutofyourcomfortzone,allofwhichcanjustaswellbenearby.Findsomewherenearbyyouhaven’tbeen,getinyourcar,andgoforavisit.Youneverknowwhatyou’llcomeacross.Makegreenertransportationchoices.Afterwalking,publictransportationisthenextbestwaytoexplorenewdestinations.____18____Whenitcomestolongerdistances,busesandtrainsareyourbestwayofgettingaround,bothofwhichcanbequiteanexperienceinandofitself.Avoidover-visiteddestinations.Ifyoucan,avoidplaceswithover-tourism.You’llfindfewercrowdsandlowerprices,andyoualsowon’tbeputtingasmuchpressureonlocalcommunitiesstrugglingtokeepup.And,fromapersonal-enjoymentpointofview,whowantstodealwithcrowdsorlonglines?Noone.____19____Takeanature-relatedtrip.Ifyouwanttobetterunderstandandappreciatethenaturalworld,trytakingatripwiththesinglepurposeofconnectingwithnature.____20____Ipromisethatwhenyoucomehome,you’llhaveanewviewpointonwhywe’reallsofocusedonbeingenvironmentallyfriendlythesedays.A.Stayclosetohome.B.Findanidealplacetoexplore.C.Sustainabletravelcanbeusefultosupportcommunities.D.Notonlyisitbetterfortheenvironment,butit’scheaperaswell.E.Getintouchwiththeworldinawaythatsittingathomedoesn’t.F.Ifnotmanagedproperly,tourismcanhaveincrediblynegativeimpacts.G.Visitingless-visiteddestinationscanbemuchmoreenjoyableandrewarding.〖答案〗16.F17.A18.D19.G20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了可持續(xù)旅游，以及一些降低旅行者對環(huán)境的影響的具體方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Itsgoalistomeettheneedsofthetourismindustrywithoutharmingnaturalandculturalenvironments.（其目標(biāo)是在不損害自然和文化環(huán)境的情況下滿足旅游業(yè)的需要。）”介紹了可持續(xù)旅游及其目標(biāo)，以及空后“Herearesomeconcretewaystoreduceyourenvironmentalimpactasatraveler.（這里有一些具體的方法來減少你的旅行對環(huán)境的影響。）”建議了一些具體方法來降低旅游對環(huán)境的影響。F項“（如果管理不當(dāng)，旅游業(yè)可能會產(chǎn)生令人難以置信的負面影響。）”對開展可持續(xù)旅游的原因進行了解釋（即“為什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同時開啟了下文的“怎么做”。故選F?！?7題詳析】空處應(yīng)填入本段的中心句。根據(jù)空后“Traveldoesn’thavetobeaboutgoingsomewherefaraway.It’stheartofexploration,discoveryandgettingoutofyourcomfortzone,allofwhichcanjustaswellbenearby.（旅行并不一定要去很遠的地方。這是一種探索、發(fā)現(xiàn)和走出舒適區(qū)的藝術(shù)，所有這些都可以近在咫尺。）”強調(diào)了旅游并不一定要去很遠的地方，在附近探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)也可以。A項“Stayclosetohome.（待在家附近。）”符合語境。故選A。【18題詳析】本段主旨是“Makegreenertransportationchoices.（選擇更環(huán)保的交通方式。）”。根據(jù)空前“Afterwalking,publictransportationisthenextbestwaytoexplorenewdestinations.（除了步行，公共交通是探索新目的地的第二佳方式。）”提到公共交通是僅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。D項“Notonlyisitbetterfortheenvironment,butit’scheaperaswell.（它不僅對環(huán)境更好，而且更便宜。）”分析了公共交通的好處，解釋了為什么要選擇公共交通工具，承接上文，符合語境。選項中的it指代的是上文的publictransportation。故選D。【19題詳析】本段主旨是“Avoidover-visiteddestinations.（避免去游客過多的目的地。）”。空處位于段尾，應(yīng)總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，再次點明主旨。分析選項可知，G項“Visitingless-visiteddestinationscanbemuchmoreenjoyableandrewarding.（去探訪較少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悅和有益。）”總結(jié)了本段的內(nèi)容，符合語境?！癡isitingless-visiteddestinations”是對本段關(guān)鍵信息“over-visiteddestinations”的反義轉(zhuǎn)述。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Takeanature-relatedtrip.Ifyouwanttobetterunderstandandappreciatethenaturalworld,trytakingatripwiththesinglepurposeofconnectingwithnature.（來一次與大自然有關(guān)的旅行。如果你想更好地了解和欣賞自然世界，試著帶著與自然聯(lián)系的唯一目的去旅行。）”可知上文強調(diào)，通過“與自然親近”的旅游，人們可以更好地理解和欣賞自然界。E項中的“Getintouchwiththeworld”指的就是親近自然，是“connectingwithnature”的同義表達。同時，選項中的“sittingathome”也和下文中的“comehome”形成呼應(yīng)。故選E。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LastFriday,Iheadedtoworkonacrowdedsubway.Eyesgluedtomy___21___,IsurfedtheInternet.Asthedoorsclosed,Iheardtheoverheadvoice.Igenerally___22___therepeatedannouncements.Butthisonewas___23___.“Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice___24___,thatIlookedup,catchingtheeyeofafellow___25___.“PaddingtonStationwillbeyournextstop,yourfirstopportunitytochangeforthetwoorthreetrains.It’sanewday,anewyear,andatimeforsecondchances.Please___26___yourstepsasyouleavethetrain!”Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.We___27___.Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway—we___28___toeachother.Otherpassengerssmiled,too.OursmileslastedasthetrainreachedPaddingtonStation.Together,we___29___totheverytrainthatwemighthavetheopportunityto___30___inlimitedtime.Onthistrain,Ifeltrelievedandsmiled.ThenIgotoffatmystopandstartedmyday.Ifeltsogoodintheoffice.Thatnicefeeling___31___allday.Whathappened?Coulditbethatanunusually___32___announcementandsmalltalkswitha___33___changedmymood?Yes,Ibelievedso.MaybeIenjoyedthesmile,thelaugh,andthe___34___philosophy.Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.It’sthe___35___,though,thatmakesmefeelmostimportant.21.A.seat B.phone C.book D.exit22.A.forget B.doubt C.mistake D.ignore23.A.different B.similar C.terrible D.funny24.A.greet B.sense C.tone D.note25.A.director B.passenger C.worker D.guide26.A.takeout B.speedup C.arrangefor D.watchoutfor27.A.laughed B.stopped C.refused D.wondered28.A.referred B.objected C.spoke D.turned29.A.walked B.rushed C.moved D.headed30.A.miss B.repair C.control D.catch31.A.ended B.began C.lasted D.changed32.A.optimistic B.meaningful C.amusing D.powerful33.A.friend B.colleague C.stranger D.broadcaster34.A.irregular B.improper C.illogical D.unexpected35.A.transportation B.connection C.direction D.invitation〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。敘述了作者在地鐵上的一次經(jīng)歷，包括聽到的播報、與陌生人的交流以及這些經(jīng)歷對作者心情的影響?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著手機上網(wǎng)。A.seat座位；B.phone手機；C.book書；D.exit出口。根據(jù)后文“IsurfedtheInternet”可知，選項中能上網(wǎng)的是手機。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我通常會忽略重復(fù)的通知。A.forget忘記；B.doubt懷疑；C.mistake弄錯；D.ignore忽視。根據(jù)后文“therepeatedannouncements”結(jié)合實際可知，一般人坐地跌都會忽略重復(fù)的通知。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這次不一樣。A.different不同的；B.similar相似的；C.terrible可怕的；D.funny有趣的。根據(jù)后文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice,thatIlookedup”可知，本次聲音很好聽，充滿活力，所以是不同的。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那聲音很悅耳，語調(diào)很好聽，我抬起頭來，引起了一位乘客的注意。A.greet問候；B.sense感覺；C.tone音調(diào)；D.note筆記。根據(jù)前文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice”可知，作者覺得這個聲音充滿活力，很悅耳，語調(diào)也很好。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那聲音很悅耳，語調(diào)很好聽，我抬起頭來，引起了一位乘客的注意。A.director導(dǎo)演；B.passenger乘客；C.worker工人；D.guide導(dǎo)游。根據(jù)后文“Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.”可知，是引起了一位女士的注意，也就是乘客。故選B項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：下火車時請小心腳下！A.takeout取出；B.speedup加速；C.arrangefor安排；D.watchoutfor當(dāng)心。根據(jù)后文“yourstepsasyouleavethetrain!”結(jié)合實際可知，此處應(yīng)是廣播提醒下火車時請小心腳下。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們大笑起來。A.laughed笑；B.stopped停止；C.refused拒絕；D.wondered想知道。根據(jù)前文“Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.”可知，作者和女士笑了。故選A項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們做了一件在地鐵上從來沒有人做過的事——我們互相說話。A.referred提到；B.objected反對；C.spoke說話；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)向。根據(jù)前文“Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway”結(jié)合實際可知，一件在地鐵上從來沒有人做過的事，就是和陌生人互相說話。故選C項。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一起沖向那輛地鐵，以便在有限的時間內(nèi)有機會趕上車。A.walked走；B.rushed沖；C.moved移動；D.headed前往。根據(jù)后文“trainthatwemighthavetheopportunitytoinlimitedtime.”可知，作者要在有限的時間趕上車，所以應(yīng)是沖向那輛地鐵。故選B項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一起沖向那輛地鐵，以便在有限的時間內(nèi)有機會趕上車。A.miss錯過；B.repair修理；C.control控制；D.catch趕上。根據(jù)前文“Together,wetotheverytrain”可知，作者沖向地鐵，是為了能趕上車。故選D項。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那種美好的感覺持續(xù)了一整天。A.ended結(jié)束；B.began開始；C.lasted持續(xù)；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“allday”結(jié)合選項可知，應(yīng)是“持續(xù)了一整天”符合語境。故選C項。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：難道是一個異常樂觀的廣播和與陌生人的簡短交談改變了我的情緒嗎？A.optimistic樂觀的；B.meaningful有意義的；C.amusing不可思議的；D.powerful強大的。根據(jù)前文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.”可知，廣播聲充滿活力，所以是樂觀的。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：難道是一個異常樂觀的廣播和與陌生人的簡短交談改變了我的情緒嗎？A.friend朋友；B.colleague同事；C.stranger陌生人；D.broadcaster廣播員。根據(jù)前文“Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway—wetoeachother.”可知，作者和地鐵上的陌生人交談。故選C項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也許我喜歡那種微笑，那種大笑，以及那種意想不到的哲學(xué)。A.irregular不規(guī)則的；B.improper不適當(dāng)?shù)模籆.illogical不合邏輯的；D.unexpected出乎意料的。根據(jù)后文“Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.”可知是意想不到的哲學(xué)。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，讓我覺得最重要的是這種聯(lián)系。A.transportation交通；B.connection連接、聯(lián)系；C.direction方向；D.invitation邀請。根據(jù)前文“Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.”可知，說聲“你好”可能會讓你感覺出乎意料的好，是一種聯(lián)系。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anexhibitiontitled“LearnfromthePastandKnowtheFuture:China’sArchaeological(考古學(xué)的)Achievementsinth