遼寧省新高考聯(lián)盟（點(diǎn)石聯(lián)考）高二下學(xué)期3月份階段測(cè)試英語試題-1

絕密★啟用前(點(diǎn)石聯(lián)考)2023—2024學(xué)年度下學(xué)期高二年級(jí)3月份階段測(cè)試英語本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydofirst?A.Playfootball.B.Gotothecinema.C.Finishhishomework.2.Whereisthenecklacenow?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthebedroom.3.WhatisthewomanprobablyrelatedtoHenry?A.Hiscolleague.B.Hiswife.C.Hisboss.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Gototherestaurant.B.Typethedocument.C.Seeadentist.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HemissedtheTVprogram.B.Hedoesn’tliketheprogramatall.C.Heexperiencesapowerfailureeverynight.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow.B.Acpanyhisparents.C.Buyticketsonline.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.What’swrongwiththewoman’sroom?A.It’snotquiet.B.It’salittledark.C.It’ssmelly.9.Whatisthewoman’sfinaldecision?A.Movingtoanotherroom.B.Checkinginanotherhotel.CWaitingforanonsmokingroom.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whomdoesthewomanchoosejewelryfor?A.Herself.B.Hermother.C.Herfriend.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Aringofsize6andalongnecklace.B.Aringofsize7andalongnecklace.C.Aringofsize7andashortnecklace.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenecklace?A.Itspricedependsonitsquality.B.It’scheaperthanthering.C.Thelongeroneismoreexpensivethantheshorterone.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Whencanpeopleenjoytheartexhibition?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnThursday.14.Howdoesthisyear’sballetperformancedifferfromthatoflastyear?A.Admissionisfree.B.Itwillbeatthetheater.C.Therewillbetwoperformances.15.Wherewillthemaskpartybeheld?A.Inthepiazza.B.Intheconcerthall.C.Inthetheater.16.HowmuchisafamilyticketforTheLittlePrince?A.$8.B.$10.C.$15.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Whousuallyreadsthemorningannouncements?A.Timmy.B.Mr.McKinney.C.PrincipalJohnson.18.Whenisthelastdayofschool?A.May20th.B.NextWednesday.C.Onemonthfromtoday.19.Forwhatdoesthespeakerapologize?A.Thelibraryhours.B.Thehomework.C.Theputers.20.WhatwilltakeplaceonSaturdayafternoon?A.Asoftballgame.B.Abasketballgame.C.Abaseballgame.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASometimesacmodationcanfeelrestrictingwhenyou’retraveling.Ifyou’reinanunfamiliarcountry,itmightbetempting(有吸引力的)justtogoandstayinahotel.Itdoesn’thurttostepoutofyourfortzonefromtimetotimethough,andthereareplentyofacmodationoptionsthataren’thotelsthatareeasilyaccessibleandnottoohardonthewallet.HomeSwapThereisawaytostayinabeautifulhomeforaminimalcost.Thehiddendisadvantage?Astrangerisalsostayinginyourhome.Homeswapsareincreasinginpopularityandtherearesitesdedicatedtogivingyoupeaceofmindsothatyoucanenjoyyourholidayinthefortthatyourhomeisn’tbeingmessedup.HouseboatTheperfectoptionforthosewholovethewater,houseboatseinalllevelsofluxury,soyoushouldbeabletofindonethatsuitsyourbudget.Itcouldbetoughtogetthehangofcontrollingyourhomeifyou’reunfamiliarwithboats,butitaskillthatyoushouldpickuprelativelyquickly!IglooObviouslynotanoptioninanywherewarm,stayinginaniglooforanightisactuallyalotwarmerthanyouthink!Don’tworryaboutacmodationexperience,thereareplentyofigloosaroundtheworldthatcanprovideservicesasvariedasicebarsandhotbathtubs,soyoucansurvivethisoddexperienceinfortandwithoutfreezing.CottageAgreatwaytoprovidefreedomanda“homeawayfromhome”feelingistorentacottageonyourholiday.Acottagecangiveauthentic,homeyfeeltoaforeigncountry.Mostcanfortablyfitafamilyandgivechildrenplentyofspacetoplay,soacottageisagreatoptionforthefamilyholiday.1.Whatistheadvantageofhomeswap?A.Itcanmaketravelersrelaxed. B.Ithasbeautifullydecoratedrooms.C.Itprovidesgoodtraditionalcuisine. D.Itcanhelpyouinteractwithastranger.2.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinanigloo?A.fort. B.Diet. C.Location. D.Reservation.3.Whichacmodationbestsuitsabigfamilywithchildren?A.HomeSwap. B.Houseboat. C.Cottage. D.Igloo.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了外出旅游時(shí)其他值得體驗(yàn)的住宿方式。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HomeSwap部分“Homeswapsareincreasinginpopularityandtherearesitesdedicatedtogivingyoupeaceofmindsothatyoucanenjoyyourholidayinthefortthatyourhomeisn’tbeingmessedup(房屋交換越來越受歡迎，有一些網(wǎng)站致力于讓你安心，這樣你就可以在舒適的環(huán)境中享受假期，你的家不會(huì)被弄亂)”可知，房屋互換的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以讓旅行者放松下來。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Igloo部分“Don’tworryaboutacmodationexperience,thereareplentyofigloosaroundtheworldthatcanprovideservicesasvariedasicebarsandhotbathtubs,soyoucansurvivethisoddexperienceinfortandwithoutfreezing.(不要擔(dān)心住宿體驗(yàn)，世界上有很多冰屋，可以提供各種服務(wù)，如冰吧和熱浴缸，所以你可以舒適地度過這段奇怪的經(jīng)歷，而不會(huì)被凍)”推知，舒適度是人們住冰屋時(shí)最關(guān)注的問題。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cottage部分“Mostcanfortablyfitafamilyandgivechildrenplentyofspacetoplay,soacottageisagreatoptionforthefamilyholiday.(大多數(shù)小屋都能舒適地容納一個(gè)家庭，并給孩子們足夠的玩?？臻g，所以小屋是家庭度假的絕佳選擇)”可知，小別墅適合一家人一起出游時(shí)居住。故選D。BTheFrenchcouple,KatiaandMauriceKrafft,sharedanattractiontovolcanoes,onethatperhapsapproachedanaddiction.Therearemanypeopleinterestedinvolcanoes,butveryfewwhoarewillingtoclimbaneruptingcrater(火山口)andapproachtheflowinglava(巖漿).KatiaandMauricedidalotofwork,shootingphotographsandfilmsofvolcanoeruptions,alwaysbeingthefirstonthesceneofanactivevolcano,andtheoneswhofearlesslycametojustafewfeetfromlavaflows.Theywerenotonlyhighlyrespectedbyvolcanologistsallaroundtheworld,butalsoenvied.Thecouplemetinthe1960swhentheywerebothstudentsattheUniversityofStrasbourg,andgotmarriedin1970.Bothofthemwereattractedtovolcanoessincechildhood.Upongraduating,KatiaandMauricepursuedtheircareersasvolcanoobserverswithnofinancialsupportatall,justtheirownsavings,whichtheyspentonatriptoStrombolitoobservetheeruptionofthevolcano.Theytookanincredibleandvaluablesetofphotographsofthenearcontinuouseruption.Peoplewerecuriousaboutthephotographs,whilepublicofficialsworkingonthreateningvolcanoesfoundthemuseful.ThisinterestintheirworkhelpedtheFrenchcoupletoestablishacareerindocumentingeruptions.Nowabletoobtainfinancialsupportfortheirwork,KatiaandMauricevisitedhundreds,ifnotthousands,ofvolcanoesaroundtheglobe.Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.InJune1991,alongwith40otherpeople,theKrafftssetouttofilmtheeruptionatMountUnzeninJapan.Asuddenandunexpectedflowtookplaceandallthepeopleinitspathwerekilled.LaterinvestigationrevealedthatKatia’sandMaurice’sbodieswereclosesttothevolcanocrater.Theywere44and45yearsoldrespectively.Intheir25yearlongcareer,thecoupledocumentedhundredsofvolcanoes,andtheirworkconsistsofthousandsofsillphotos,300hoursofffilmmaterials,anumberofbooks,andscientificarticlespublishedinBulletinofVolcanology.4.Whendidthecouplestarttheircareersasvolcanoobservers?A.Aschildren. B.Whilestudyingatcollege.C.Whenleavinguniversity. D.Aftergettingmarried.5.Whatisuniquetothecouple’sphotographsofvolcanoes?A.Theyfocusedonthreateningvolcanoes.B.Theyweretakenwiththeirownsavings.C.Theyrecordedcontinuouseruptionofvolcanoes.D.Theywereshotatashorterdistancefromlavaflows.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thecoupledidn’tgetpreparedbeforesettingout.B.Thecouplehadbeenmarriedfor25yearsbeforetheaccident.C.Thecouplemadeagreatfortunewithwhattheyshot.D.Thecouplewentaheadoftherestatthelastminute.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethecouple?A.Caringanddemanding. B.Promisingandoptimistic.C.Braveanddevoted. D.Dynamicandcalm.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了法國(guó)火山科學(xué)家Katia和MauriceKrafft夫婦的火山探索故事。他們?cè)?jīng)拍攝了許多令人難以置信的火山熔巖鏡頭，對(duì)盡可能接近火山爆發(fā)地點(diǎn)有著共同的熱情，這種熱情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了人類歷史上大多數(shù)人敢于接近這些危險(xiǎn)之地的程度。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Upongraduating,KatiaandMauricepursuedtheircareersasvolcanoobserverswithnofinancialsupportatall,justtheirownsavings,whichtheyspentonatriptoStrombolitoobservetheeruptionofthevolcano.(畢業(yè)后，Katia和Maurice在沒有任何經(jīng)濟(jì)支持的情況下從事火山觀察員的職業(yè)，只有他們自己的積蓄，這些積蓄是他們?nèi)tromboli觀察火山噴發(fā)時(shí)花的。)”可知，夫婦二人大學(xué)一畢業(yè)就開始了他們的火山探索事業(yè)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.(他們旅行并記錄火山噴發(fā)，總是比任何人都更接近危險(xiǎn)。)”可知，他們選擇了比其他人接近火山口的地方拍攝火山照片，這是別人難以做到的，也讓他們的照片與眾不同。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“LaterinvestigationrevealedthatKatia’sandMaurice’sbodieswereclosesttothevolcanocrater.(后來調(diào)查顯示，Katia和Maurice的身體離火山口最近。)“可知，在生命最后一刻，夫婦二人是離火山口最近的，這對(duì)夫婦在最后一刻走在了其他人的前面。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theytraveledandrecordederuptions,alwaysgettingclosertothedangerthananyoneelse.(他們旅行并記錄火山噴發(fā)，總是比任何人都更接近危險(xiǎn)。)”和最后一段“Intheir25yearlongcareer,thecoupledocumentedhundredsofvolcanoes,andtheirworkconsistsofthousandsofsillphotos,300hoursofffilmmaterials,anumberofbooks,andscientificarticlespublishedinBulletinofVolcanology”（在他們25年的職業(yè)生涯中，這對(duì)夫婦記錄了數(shù)百座火山，他們的工作包括數(shù)千張靜止照片，300小時(shí)的電影材料，許多書籍和發(fā)表在《火山學(xué)公報(bào)》上的科學(xué)文章）內(nèi)容可知，夫婦二人總是沖在離火山口最近的第一線，25年間獲取了大量一手的寶貴資料，所以他們是勇敢和敬業(yè)的。故選C項(xiàng)。CFeelingunhappy,depressedorlonelycouldspeeduptheageingprocessesmorethansmokingorevencertaindiseases,researchershavesuggested.Whileeveryonehasanagebasedontheirdateofbirth—their“chronologicalage”,theyalsohavewhatisknownasa“biologicalage”,basedontheageingofthebody’sfunctions,influencedbygeneis,lifestyleandotherfactors.Studieshavepreviouslysuggestedthehigherthebiologicalage,thehighertheriskofvariousdiseases,andtheriskofdeath.Nowresearcherssaytheyhavecreatedadigitalmodelofageing,revealingtheimportanceofpsychologicalhealth.“Yourbodyandsoulareconnected—thisisourmainmessage,”saidFedorGalkin,acoauthorofthestudyandleadscientistattheHongKongstartupDeepLongevity.“Wedemonstratethatpsychologicalfactors,suchasfeelingunhappyorbeinglonely,addupto1.65yearstoone’sbiologicalage,”theywrite.WhileGalkinsaidthefigureisanestimate,notleastasthemodelassumesthatdifferentfeelingssuchashopelessnessorfearfulnessareindependentofeachother,thestudyhighlightstheimportanceofpsychologicalstateinhowfastweage.“Takingcareofyourpsychologicalheathisthegreatestcontributorthatyoucanhavetoslowingdownyourpaceofageing,”hesaid.Theteamalsoreportthatpeoplewhosmokearepredictedtobe15monthsolderthantheirnonsmokingpeers,whilebeingmarriedreducesbiologicalagebyaroundsevenmonths.Peoplelivinginruralareasarepredictedtobealmostfivemonthsolderthantheirurbanpeers.“But”hesaid,“itisunlikelythatisolationandlonelinessaretrulyworseriskfactorsforhealththansmokingbecausethestudyonlylookedatdatacollectedatonepointintime.Theresearchersdidnotfollowupparticipantstoshowthatthosewithpsychologicaldistressactuallyagedmorerapidly,”hesaid.“Itwillbeimportantinthefuturetotestwhetherthesepredictionsarefulfilledbyrepeatingtestingoveranumberofyears.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“chronologicalage”inParagraph1mean?A.Mentalage. B.Agemeasuredbytime.C.Biologicalage. D.Ageofpsychologicaldevelopment.9.WhatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinParagraph3?A.Psychologicalfactorsaddupto1.65yearstoone’schronologicalage.B.Externalfactorcanspeeduppeople’sageingprocess.C.Psychologicalstateisacrucialfactorinpeople’sageingprocess.D.Physicalhealthcanslowdownyoupaceofageing.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheresearch?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Objective.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Depressionandlonelinessmayslowdowntheageingprocess.B.Isolationanddepressionmaybeworseriskfactorsforagingthansmoking.C.Smokingisharmfultoourphysicalandmentalhealth.D.Peoplewithdepressionneedothers’panyandunderstanding.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明孤獨(dú)抑郁比吸煙更容易讓人衰老?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Whileeveryonehasanagebasedontheirdateofbirth—their“chronologicalage”,theyalsohavewhatisknownasa“biologicalage”,basedontheageingofthebody’sfunctions,influencedbygeneis,lifestyleandotherfactors.(雖然每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)基于他們的出生日期的年齡——他們的chronologicalage，但他們也有一個(gè)所謂的“生物年齡”，這是基于受基因、生活方式和其他因素影響的身體功能的衰老)”可知，chronologicalage會(huì)受到遺傳、生活方式和其他因素的影響，導(dǎo)致身體機(jī)能的老化。由此可知，chronologicalage指的是實(shí)足年齡。故選B項(xiàng)【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Wedemonstratethatpsychologicalfactors,suchasfeelingunhappyorbeinglonely,addupto1.65yearstoone’sbiologicalage,”theywrite.WhileGalkinsaidthefigureisanestimate,notleastasthemodelassumesthatdifferentfeelingssuchashopelessnessorfearfulnessareindependentofeachother,thestudyhighlightstheimportanceofpsychologicalstateinhowfastweage.(他們寫道：“我們證明，不快樂或孤獨(dú)等心理因素加起來會(huì)使一個(gè)人的生理年齡增加1.65歲?！彪m然加爾金說這個(gè)數(shù)字只是一個(gè)估計(jì)，尤其是因?yàn)樵撃Ｐ图僭O(shè)絕望或恐懼等不同的感覺是相互獨(dú)立的，但該研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了心理狀態(tài)對(duì)我們衰老速度的重要性)”可知，心理狀態(tài)在人類衰老過程中是一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的因素。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But,hesaid,itisunlikelyisolationandlonelinessaretrulyworseriskfactorsforhealththansmoking,becausethestudyonlylookedatdatacollectedatonepointintime.‘Theresearchersdidnotfollowupparticipantstoshowthatthosewithpsychologicaldistressactuallyagedmorerapidly,’hesaid.‘Itwillbeimportantinthefuturetotestwhetherthesepredictionsarefulfilledbyrepeatingtestingoveranumberofyears.”(但是，他說，孤獨(dú)和寂寞不太可能真的會(huì)比吸煙更有害身體健康，因?yàn)樵撗芯恐挥^察了在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)收集的數(shù)據(jù)。他說：“研究人員并沒有后續(xù)跟進(jìn)調(diào)查參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人員，看那些存在心理問題的人是否真的衰老得更快?！薄拔磥韼啄辏磸?fù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試對(duì)于驗(yàn)證這些預(yù)測(cè)是否能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)來說至關(guān)重要?！?”可知，作者只是在陳述了其它人的觀點(diǎn)，并沒有發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。由此推知，作者對(duì)此項(xiàng)研究持有客觀態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文以及第一段“Feelingunhappy,depressedorlonelycouldspeeduptheageingprocessesmorethansmokingorevencertaindiseases,researchershavesuggested.(研究人員表示，感到不快樂、沮喪或孤獨(dú)，比吸煙甚至某些疾病導(dǎo)致衰老的過程更快)”可知，文章主要介紹了孤獨(dú)和寂寞可能會(huì)比吸煙更有害身體健康。故選B項(xiàng)。DMostablebodiedpeopletaketheirabilitytoperformsimpledailytasksforgranted—whentheyreachforawarmcupofcoffee,theycanfeelitsweightandtemperatureandadjusttheirgraspaccordinglysothatnoliquidisspilled.Peoplewithfullsensoryandmotorcontroloftheirarmsandhandscanfeelthatthey’vemadecontactwithanobjecttheinstanttheytouchorgraspit,allowingthemtostartmovingorliftingitwithconfidence.Butthosetasksbeemuchmoredifficultwhenapersonoperatesanartificialarm,letaloneamindcontrolledone.InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(觸覺的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.Intheexperiment,biningvisionwithartificialtactilefeedbackcutthetimespentgraspingandmovingobjectsinhalf,from20.9to10.2seconds.StudyparticipantNathanCopeland,whowasleftwithlimiteduseofhisarmsafteracarcrash,isthefirstpersonintheworldwhowasimplantedwithtinyelectrodearrays(電極陣列)inhisbrain.Arraysallowhimtonotonlycontroltheroboticarmwithhismind,butalsotoreceivetactilefeedback.Inaseriesoftests,whereCopelandwasaskedtopickupandmovevariousobjectsfromatabletoaraisedplatform,providingtactilefeedbackthroughelectricalstimulationallowedhimtopletetaskstwiceasfastparedtotestswithoutstimulation.“Eventhoughthesensationisn’tnatural,thatneverbothersme,”saidCopeland.“Whenevenlimitedandimperfectsensationisrestored,theperson’sperformanceimprovedinaprettysignificantway.Westillhavealongwaytogointermsofmakingthesensationsmorerealisticandbringingthistechnologytopeople’shomes,butthecloserwecangettorecreatingthenormalinputstothebrain,thebetteroffwewillbe,”saidRobertGaunt,coseniorauthorofthestudy.12.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph1?A.Thevalueofbeinghealthy. B.Theimportanceofthesenseoftouch.C.Thesimplicityofdailytasks. D.Theadvantagesofablebodiedpeople.13.What’sthepurposeofimplantingthearraysintoCopeland’sbrain?A.Toallowhimtofeeltheobjects. B.Toimprovehistestperformance.C.Toconnecthissensesofsightandtouch. D.Tostimulatehimtopletemoretasks.14.WhatcanwelearnfromRobertCaunt’swordsaboutthestudy?A.It’sunreliable. B.It’spromising.C.It’sperfect. D.It’stheoretical.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ApplicationofBiotechnologyinMedicalCare.B.RestorationofLostSensationsProvesPossible.C.DevelopmentofMindControlledRoboticArms.D.SenseofTouchImprovesControlofaRoboticArm.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)生物科技技術(shù)成果——給機(jī)械手臂增加觸覺感知功能。雖然該技術(shù)還處于試驗(yàn)階段，觸覺功能還不夠自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作機(jī)械手臂的效率?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Mostablebodiedpeopletaketheirabilitytoperformsimpledailytasksforgranted—whentheyreachforawarmcupofcoffee,theycanfeelitsweightandtemperatureandadjusttheirgraspaccordinglysothatnoliquidisspilled.Peoplewithfullsensoryandmotorcontroloftheirarmsandhandscanfeelthatthey’vemadecontactwithanobjecttheinstanttheytouchorgraspit,allowingthemtostartmovingorliftingitwithconfidence.(大多數(shù)身體健全的人認(rèn)為他們有能力完成簡(jiǎn)單的日常任務(wù)是理所當(dāng)然的——當(dāng)他們伸手去拿一杯熱咖啡時(shí)，他們可以感覺到它的重量和溫度，并相應(yīng)地調(diào)整自己的抓握，以免液體灑出來。能夠完全控制手臂和手的感覺和運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，在觸摸或抓住物體的那一刻，就能感覺到他們已經(jīng)接觸到了物體，從而讓他們開始自信地移動(dòng)或舉起物體)”可知，作者在第一段是在介紹觸覺的重要性。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(觸覺的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.(在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇論文中，匹茲堡大學(xué)的一組生物工程師描述了如何增加大腦刺激來產(chǎn)生觸覺，從而使操作員更容易使用大腦控制的機(jī)械臂)”以及第四段“Arraysallowhimtonotonlycontroltheroboticarmwithhismind,butalsotoreceivetactilefeedback.(陣列不僅可以讓他用意念控制機(jī)械臂，還可以接收觸覺反饋)”可推知，植入電極陣列是為了讓操作機(jī)械手臂的人能感受到物體。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Whenevenlimitedandimperfectsensationisrestored,theperson’sperformanceimprovedinaprettysignificantway.Westillhavealongwaytogointermsofmakingthesensationsmorerealisticandbringingthistechnologytopeople’shomes,butthecloserwecangettorecreatingthenormalinputstothebrain,thebetteroffwewillbe,”saidRobertGaunt,coseniorauthorofthestudy.(‘當(dāng)有限和不完美的感覺得到恢復(fù)時(shí)，人的表現(xiàn)就會(huì)得到顯著改善?！撗芯康墓餐谝蛔髡逺obertGaunt說：‘在使感覺更加逼真和將這種技術(shù)帶入尋常百姓家方面，我們還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，但我們?cè)侥芙咏噩F(xiàn)大腦的正常輸入，我們就會(huì)越成功。’)”可推知，他認(rèn)為該項(xiàng)研究是有前景的。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第三段“InapaperpublishedinScience,ateamofbioengineersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghdescribehowaddingbrainstimulationthatgeneratestactile(觸覺的)sensationsmakesiteasierfortheoperatortouseabraincontrolledroboticarm.(在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇論文中，匹茲堡大學(xué)的一組生物工程師描述了如何增加大腦刺激來產(chǎn)生觸覺，從而使操作員更容易使用大腦控制的機(jī)械臂)”可知，本文介紹的是一項(xiàng)技術(shù)成果，介紹機(jī)械手臂增加觸覺感知功能后可提高使用者的操作效率，由此可知D項(xiàng)“觸覺改善機(jī)械臂的控制”最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asayoungperson,itcanbefrustrating(令人沮喪的)whenyou’reexpectedtogiverespectandyetyoudon’talwaysreceivethatsamerespectinreturn.____16____But,thereareseveralreasonswhythisissooftenthecase.Althoughit’sunfair,theveryfactthatyou’reyoungplaysapartinthisequation.It’swrong,butothers,includingmanyadults,don’tshowtherespecttheyshouldtoteenagers.Thisisnofaultofyourown,buttrytounderstandthat—generallyspeaking—theolderyouget,themorerespectyou’llreceive.____17____Tohelp,thereareactionsyoucanstarttakingtogainrespectfromothers.First,youshouldshowrespectforthosearoundyou.____18____Inordertogainrespect,youhavetobeagiverofrespectaswell.There’sabasiclevelofrespectthatweshouldshowforeveryone,regardlessofthecircumstances.Makesurethatyouhandoutrespectasyougoaroundyourschooloryourmunity.____19____Forexample,taketheinitiativetohandleyourschoolwork,choresaroundyourhouseandjobresponsibilitiesseriously.Dotheresponsiblethingwithouthavingtobetold.Yourattitudeandbehavioraretwoimportantfactorsinwhetherotherpeoplewillrespectyouornot.Finally,youneedtoshowthatyoubelieveyourlifeisimportant.____20____Yourstudyhabits,whatyoudowithyoursparetime,whatoutsideinterestsyouhaveandmanysimilarfactorsshowwhatyouthinkaboutyourself.Aspeopleobserveyourattitudeandbehavior,theseobservationswillgoalongwaytowardyourgainingtheirrespectthatyouhopefullydeserve.A.Respectcreatesharmony.B.Respectisatwowaystreet.C.Youhaveplentyoftimetoearnthatrespect.D.Actwiththegreatestrespecttowardyourself.E.Makeuseofeverychancetoshowyourability.F.Thattypeoffrustrationisveryunderstandable.G.Anotherthingistoshowyoucanmakegoodchoices.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了如何贏得他人的尊重。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asayoungperson,itcanbefrustrating(令人沮喪的)whenyou’reexpectedtogiverespectandyetyoudon’talwaysreceivethatsamerespectinreturn.”（作為一個(gè)年輕人，當(dāng)你被期望給予尊重但你并不總是得到同樣的尊重時(shí)，這可能會(huì)令人沮喪）和下文“But,thereareseveralreasonswhythisissooftenthecase.(但是，有幾個(gè)原因可以解釋為什么這種情況經(jīng)常發(fā)生)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明這種感覺給人的感受，進(jìn)而引出下文對(duì)這種情況原因的解釋。故F選項(xiàng)“這種挫敗感是可以理解的”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thisisnofaultofyourown,buttrytounderstandthatgenerallyspeaking—theolderyouget,themorerespectyou’llreceive.”（這不是你自己的錯(cuò)，但試著理解——一般來說——年齡越大，你得到的尊重就越多）可知，要獲得尊重需要時(shí)間。故C選項(xiàng)“你有足夠的時(shí)間來贏得尊重”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Inordertogainrespect,youhavetobeagiverofrespectaswell.”（為了獲得尊重，你也必須給予別人尊重）可知，尊重是雙向的。故B選項(xiàng)“尊重是雙向的”切題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,taketheinitiativetohandleyourschoolwork,choresaroundyourhouseandjobresponsibilitiesseriously.”（例如，主動(dòng)認(rèn)真處理你的課業(yè)、家務(wù)和工作責(zé)任）可知，有各種選擇可以讓我們獲得他人的尊重。故G選項(xiàng)“另一件事是表明你可以做出好的選擇”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Finally,youneedtoshowthatyoubelieveyourlifeisimportant.”（最后，你需要表明你相信你的生命是重要的）可知，要尊重自己。故D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己表現(xiàn)出最大的尊重”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IsabellaSpringmuhlTejadaisoneofthefirstprofessionalfashiondesignerswithDownSyndrome(唐氏綜合征).Herpathtosuccesswasn’t____21____.Althoughsheshowedher____22____fordesigninchildhood,whenshewouldspendhoursdesigningpaperdressesforherdolls,shewas____23____fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease.Shehadno____24____buttoseekotherways.She____25____forasewingcourse,whereshewas____26____tosewclothingforfingersizedtraditionalGuatemalan(危地馬拉的)dolls,whichshe____27____happily.Meanwhile,shealsomadea(n)____28____indesigningdolls,creatingsomelifesizeddollsanddressingtheminthecolorfultraditionalembroideredjacketsshe’snowfamousfor.ThisdesignexperiencehelpedTejadadevelopherowndesignstyle,____29____traditionalGuatemalanpatterns,colors,andmaterialsinherculture.ShealsocreatedherownbrandDownToXjabelle,____30____forpeoplewithDownSyndrome,knowinghowdifficultitwasforpeoplelikehertofind____31____!clothes.Thenewbrand____32____rightaway,makingitallthewaytoLondonFashionWeek,provingfashioncan____33____allbarriersandborders.Andthe____34____designertalksaboutherplansforthefutureaswell,“Iwanttoexportmybrandallovertheworldand____35____thatpeoplewithDownSyndromecandowhattheysetouttodo.”21.A.fortable B.awful C.awkward D.smooth22.A.arrangement B.talent C.determination D.responsibility23.A.rejected B.dismissed C.ignored D.excused24.A.guidance B.aim C.option D.right25.A.waited B.peted C.prepared D.registered26.A.assigned B.forced C.inspired D.persuaded27.A.purchased B.accepted C.imagined D.contacted28.A.discovery B.opportunity C.innovation D.schedule29.A.indicating B.abandoning C.transforming D.highlighting30.A.specially B.naturally C.usually D.obviously31.A.pricey B.suitable C.fancy D.famous32.A.paidoff B.gotacross C.tookoff D.caughtup33.A.bine B.fuel C.beautify D.overe34.A.ambitious B.enthusiastic C.humble D.proud35.A.guarantee B.assess C.show D.conclude【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了患有唐氏綜合癥的設(shè)計(jì)師IsabellaSpringmuhlTejada通過設(shè)立自己的品牌，專門為唐氏綜合癥患者服務(wù)，她希望自己品牌出口到世界各地，并向唐氏綜合癥患者展示他們可以做他們想做的事情。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的成功之路并不順利。A.fortable舒服的；B.awful糟糕的；C.awkward尷尬的；D.smooth順利的。根據(jù)后文“fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease”她被學(xué)校拒絕可推測(cè)成功之路并不順利。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她在童年時(shí)就顯示出了她的設(shè)計(jì)天賦，當(dāng)時(shí)她會(huì)花幾個(gè)小時(shí)為她的娃娃設(shè)計(jì)紙衣服，但由于她的疾病，她被幾所時(shí)裝學(xué)校拒絕了。A.arrangement安排；B.talent天賦，才能；C.determination決定；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)后文“fordesigninchildhood,whenshewouldspendhoursdesigningpaperdressesforherdolls”以及后文她設(shè)計(jì)的娃娃取得了成功，說明她有設(shè)計(jì)天賦。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她在童年時(shí)就顯示出了她的設(shè)計(jì)天賦，當(dāng)時(shí)她會(huì)花幾個(gè)小時(shí)為她的娃娃設(shè)計(jì)紙衣服，但由于她的疾病，她被幾所時(shí)裝學(xué)校拒絕了。A.rejected拒絕；B.dismissed解散；C.ignored忽視；D.excused寬恕。根據(jù)后文“fromseveralfashionschoolsduetoherdisease”可知，由于她的疾病，她被幾所時(shí)裝學(xué)校拒絕了。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她別無選擇，只能另尋出路。A.guidance指導(dǎo)；B.aim目的；C.option選擇；D.right權(quán)利。根據(jù)后文“buttoseekotherways”可知為短語havenooptionbuttodosth.表示“別無選擇，只能”。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她注冊(cè)了一個(gè)縫紉課程，在那里她被分配為手指大小的傳統(tǒng)危地馬拉娃娃縫制衣服，她高興地接受了。A.waited等待；B.peted比賽；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備；D.registered注冊(cè)。根據(jù)后文“forasewingcourse”指注冊(cè)縫紉課程，應(yīng)用register。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她注冊(cè)了一個(gè)縫紉課程，在那里她被分配為手指大小的傳統(tǒng)危地馬拉娃娃縫制衣服，她高興地接受了。A.assigned分配；B.forced迫使；C.inspired鼓舞；D.persuaded說服。根據(jù)后文“tosewclothingforfingersizedtraditionalGuatemalandolls”可知，縫紉課上她被分配為手指大小的傳統(tǒng)危地馬拉娃娃縫制衣服，故選