遼寧省實驗學(xué)校2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期四模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE23遼寧省試驗學(xué)校2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期四模試題（含解析）第一部分：聽力第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題；從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.InEngland.B.InCanada.C.InAmerica.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydoontheweekend?A.Gotoaparty.B.Lookforanapartment.C.Accompanyhergrandparents.3.What'sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Adirector.B.Anactress.C.Amoviecritic.5Whydoesthemailmentionhisdream?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Toshowhiswish.C.Toentertainthewoman.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Whatisthecauseofthecaraccident?A.Thebadweather.B.Jenny'scarelessdriving.C.Theotherdriver'simproperdriving.7.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Onthestreet.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.聽第7段材料，回答第8,9題。8.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Shetookpartinatalentshow.B.Shewatchedatalentshow.C.Sheactedasatalentshowjudge.9.WhatdidthewomanthinkofLinda'sperformance?A.Wonderful.B.Disappointing.C.Meaningful.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatwastheman'smajoratuniversity?A.Engineering.B.Economics.C.Medicine.11.Whatdidthemanenjoydoinginhissparetimeatuniversity?A.Readinginthelibrary.B.Doingpart-timejobs.C.Joiningclubs.12.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingwith?A.Adoctor.B.Ahighschoolstudent.C.Acollegestudent.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdidthewomangototheapartment?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bytaxi.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthemasterbedroom?A.Itssize.B.Itsdecorationstyle.C.Itscomfortablebed.15.Howmuchistherentforoneyear?A.$8,000.B.$8,640.C.$9,600.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Makepayment.B.Talkwithhehusband.C.Seekotherapartments.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhathappenedtothespeakerwhenshetravelledinItaly?A.Shelostherwallet.B.Shemissedhertrain.C.Shegotlostatatrainstation.18.Howisthespeaker'sspokenItalian?A.Veryfluent.B.Veryterrible.C.Notsogood.19.Whopaidforthespeaker'sexpenseforthelastfewdays?A.Herfriend.B.Thedriver.C.Thepolice.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.HerimpressionofItalians.B.AtravellingexperienceinItaly.C.Theimportanceofspeakingforeignlanguages.其次部分：閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2.5分，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A2024SpringBreakActivitiesFromscienceandnaturetoartandbaking,therearemanyactivitiestooccupychildrenintheupcomingweeksinspring.FREESPRINGBREAKACTIVITY615-416-2001Ages3-17.CountryMusicHallofFameandMuseum,222FifthAve.S,Nashville.March6-April5,daily9am-5pm.FreeforchildreninDavidsonandotherplaces.Butadultadmissionis$25.95.childrencanpickupsomesouvenirswhileexploringthemuseum’sexhibitsandnewartifacts.SPRINGBREAKHOUSECAMP615-556-7370Ages5-17.HarrisRidingAcademy,6331W.FranklinRoad,Murfreesboro.MondaythroughFriday9am-3pm.Admission:$50singlehalfday,$80singlefullday,$250half-dayweek,$375full-dayweek.Meettheherdofhorsesandride,studydifferenttopicsabouthorses,makehorsecrafts,participateinfeedinghorsesandsoon.KIDSBAKINGCAMP615-956-6077Ages6-15.TheCuriousKitchen,1602NorthfirldBlvd,Murfreeboro.TodaythroughFriday10am-1pm.Admission:$250.Learntodevelopknifeskillsandreadrecipes,andmorewhilemakinggoodieslikepies,cookies,cupcakes,chocolatecakes,candiesandmore.ASCMAKERCAMP615-862-5160Ages12-18.AdventureSciencecenter,800FortNegleyBlvd,Nashville.9am-3pm.$550non-members.Inthe“InnovationandImagine”maker-space,participantswillexplorethe“innovation,imaginationandmanufacture”processbydesigningandmakingasuitofcardboardarmor(盔甲)tocreateafictionalworld.ThecamprunsthisMondaythroughFriday.1.HowmuchwillthetwinbrotherspayforSPRINGBREAKHOUSECAMPforahalfday?A.$100 B.$160C.$250 D.$3752.WhatcanwelearnabouttheASCMAKERCAMP?A.Itisdangerousforlittlechildren.B.ChildrenwilltravelinafictionalworldC.Ithelpsstimulatechildren’simagination.D.Membersaretreatedbetterthannon-members3.Wherewillchildrenprobablygoinordertoenjoycookinginthekitchen?A.222FifthAve B.6331FranklinRoadC.800FortNegleyBlvd D.1602NorthfirldBlvd【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。廣告介紹了四項春假活動?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)SPRINGBREAKHOUSECAMP項目中“Admission:$50singlehalfday,$80singlefullday,$250half-dayweek,$375full-dayweek.”（門票：單半天$50，單全日$80，半天每周$250，全日每周$375。）可知，一個人半天五十美元，所以這對雙胞胎兄弟半天須要付100美元。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)ASCMAKERCAMP項目中“Inthe“InnovationandImagine”maker-space,participantswillexplorethe“innovation,imaginationandmanufacture”processbydesigningandmakingasuitofcardboardarmor(盔甲)tocreateafictionalworld.”（在“創(chuàng)新與想像”制造者空間，參與者將探究“創(chuàng)新、想像與制造”的過程，設(shè)計并制作一套硬紙板盔甲，創(chuàng)建一個虛構(gòu)的世界。）可知，這個項目有助于激發(fā)孩子們的想象力。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)KIDSBAKINGCAMP項目中“TheCuriousKitchen,1602NorthfirldBlvd,Murfreeboro.”（驚奇的廚房，1602NorthfirldBlvd，Murfreeboro。）以及“Learntodevelopknifeskillsandreadrecipes,andmorewhilemakinggoodieslikepies,cookies,cupcakes,chocolatecakes,candiesandmore.”（學(xué)習(xí)運用刀具的技巧，閱讀食譜，并且在做餡餅、餅干、紙杯蛋糕、巧克力蛋糕、糖果等食物的時候?qū)W習(xí)更多。）可知，要在廚房里享受烹飪活動，孩子們可以去1602NorthfirldBlvd。故選D項。BAlysaLiuisaniceskater.In2016,thethen10-year-oldgirlbecametheyoungestintermediatefigureskating（花樣滑冰）championinU.S.history.In2024,LiubecametheyoungesttocompeteinandwintheU.S.juniorchampionships.InJanuary,2024,shemadehistoryagainattheGeicoU.S.Women'sFigureSkatingChampionships.Atthechampionships,thingswereinitiallygoingwellforthedefendingU.S.championBradieTennell.ButlaterTennellhadafallinginherperformance.Meanwhile,LiubecamethefirstandyoungestU.S.womantolandthreetripleaxels（三周半跳）incompetition.ThoughLiumadethemlook,easy,tripleaxelsareextremelychallenging.Theskaterhastojumpfromtheoutsideedgeofoneskate,turningintheair."Double"or“triple"referstothenumberofrotations（旋轉(zhuǎn)）theskatercompletesbeforelanding.Thetermisalittlemisleadinggiventhattheskaterhastodoanextrahalfrotation,meaningthatforatriple,theskaterisactuallycompleting3.5rotations.Tobesuccessful,theskaterhastohavebothincrediblebodystrengthandcontrol.Whenaskedabouthergreatperformance,Liuthoughtitwasnotworthshowingoff.Andshewasenthusiasticaboutpreparingforbiggergames.ButLiuwasineligibletocompeteatthe2024WorldFigureSkatingChampionshipsinJapanduetotheminimumagerequirementof15.However,thatdidn'tbotherher.Liufellinlovewithiceskatingduringherfirstlessonatacenter.SheshowedsuchtalentthatLauraLipetsky,whowasteachingthegrouplessons,askedherfathertoletherreceiveprivatelessons.Lipetskysaid,“Shewantedtolearn,andIwantedtoguide."Thetwohavebeeninseparablesincethen.In2017LaurasentLiutotheUniversityofDelawareforacertainanalysisthatresearchershavecreatedtohelpoutstandingAmericanskatersimprovetheirjumptechniques.Liuhasbeenhomeschooledsincetheageof10.Shegetsherhomeworkdonebetweendailypractices,andusuallyeatsdinnerinthecaronherwayhome.Thoughthatmightappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Liutakesithappily.4.WhatachievementdidAlysamakeattheageof13?A.ShewontheU.S.juniorchampionships.B.Shewasallowedtocompeteinthe2024championshipsinJapan.C.Shebecameanintermediatefigureskatingchampion.D.ShedefeatedthedefendingU.S.championBradieTennell.5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Therequirementsforfigureskating.B.Thedifficultyofcarryingouttripleaxels.C.Theskillsneededinskatingrotations.D.Thedifferencesbetweendoubleaxelsandtripleaxels.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ineligible"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Lackingtime. B.Lackingconfidence.C.Havingnoqualification. D.Showinglittleenthusiasm.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutLauraLipetsky?A.Shewasgoodatteachinggrouplessons.B.SheinstructedLiu'sfatherinfigureskating.C.ShemadeacontributioninLiu'sprogressinsports.D.SheobtainedgreatsupportfromLiuandherfather.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述的是美國滑冰運動員AlysaLiu取得的成果以及勝利經(jīng)驗。4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“InJanuary,2024,shemadehistoryagainattheGeicoU.S.Women'sFigureSkatingChampionships.Atthechampionships,thingswereinitiallygoingwellforthedefendingU.S.championBradieTennell.（2024年1月，她在Geico美國女子花樣滑冰錦標(biāo)賽上再次創(chuàng)建歷史。在錦標(biāo)賽上，美國衛(wèi)冕冠軍布拉迪·坦內(nèi)爾(BradieTennell)最初進(jìn)展順當(dāng)）”可知，阿麗莎在13歲的時候她擊敗了美國衛(wèi)冕冠軍布拉迪·坦內(nèi)爾。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段中“ThoughLiumadethemlook,easy,tripleaxelsareextremelychallenging.Theskaterhastojumpfromtheoutsideedgeofoneskate,turningintheair."Double"or“triple"referstothenumberofrotations（旋轉(zhuǎn)）theskatercompletesbeforelanding.（雖然Liu讓他們看起來很簡潔，但三周半跳特別有挑戰(zhàn)性。溜冰者必需從一只溜冰鞋的外側(cè)跳下來，在空中轉(zhuǎn)彎。“雙轉(zhuǎn)”或“三轉(zhuǎn)”指的是選手在落地前完成的旋轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù)）”可知，本段講解并描述的是“三周半跳的難度?！惫蔬xB?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第四段中“duetotheminimumagerequirementof15.However,thatdidn'tbotherher.（因為最低年齡要求是15歲。然而，這并沒有困擾她）”可知，2024年在日本實行的世界花樣滑冰錦標(biāo)賽上，劉沒有參賽資格。所以推想劃線詞的意思是“沒有資格”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Lipetskysaid,‘Shewantedtolearn,andIwantedtoguide.’Thetwohavebeeninseparablesincethen.In2017LaurasentLiutotheUniversityofDelawareforacertainanalysisthatresearchershavecreatedtohelpoutstandingAmericanskatersimprovetheirjumptechniques.（Lipetsky說，她想學(xué)習(xí)，而我想做向?qū)?。從那以后，他們倆就形影不離了。2017年，Laura派Liu去特拉華高校(UniversityofDelaware)進(jìn)行探討，以幫助優(yōu)秀的美國滑冰運動員提高他們的跳動技術(shù)）”可知，LauraLipetsky為劉在體育方面的進(jìn)步做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。CAsimplepapersensor（傳感器）featuringsmileyandsadfacesdrawninultraviolet-sensitive（UV-sensitive,紫外線敏感的）inkhasbeenproducedbyresearchersinanattempttokeepussafeinthesun.ScientistssaythedifferentfacialexpressionsappearinsequenceasUVexposureincreases,offeringalow-techwayforpeopletojudgewhenitistimetocoverup.Further,thesensorcanrespondtovaryinglevelsofthedifferentcomponentsofUVradiation.Whileultraviolet—Aray（UVA）isthoughttocauseskinageingandwrinkles,itismainlyUVBthatcausesunburnandleadstoskincancer.WhileBansalnotedweatherreportsoftencontainaUVindextogiveaguidetothestrengthofUVradiation,itdoesn5ttellpeoplewhethertheyarewithinsafelevelsofexposureatthattime,andit'susuallybasedonthestandardforfairskin.WritinginthejournalNatureCommunications,BansalandhiscolleaguesdescribehowtheysoughttohandletheissuebycreatingacheapdevicebasedonphosphomolybdicacidorPMA.Thissubstanceturnsfromcolorlesstoblueinthepresenceoflacticacid（乳酸）andUVradiation.TheteamthenusedthismixtureoflacticacidandPMAasaninktodrawfourinvisiblefacesonpaper,andusedsometransparentsheetstocreatefilters（濾色片）thatwereputontopofthefaces.ThisallowedtheresearcherstofinelyadjusttheintensityofUVradiationreachingtheinksothatthefacescouldchangecolorinsequenceasexposuretoUVradiationrosefrom25%to50%,then75%,andfinally100%ofa“safe"amount.Byfurtheradjustingthenumberoffiltersforeachofthefourfaces,theteamwereabletoadjustthesystemtoproducedifferentsensorstoworkforsixdifferentskintones,likedark,fairoroliveskin.BansalsaidthatwhilethesedevicesweredesignedusingUVlightinthelaboratory,theyarecurrentlybeingtestedinoutdoorconditions.Theteamhopethatthesensorswillbeonthemarketinayear,costingaboutoneAustraliandollarapiece.8.Whatisthemainfunctionofthesimplepapersensor?A.Toencouragepeopletocoverupinfullsun.B.ToinformpeopleoftheharmofUVradiation.C.TotellthedifferencebetweenUVAandUVB.D.ToremindpeopletopayattentiontoUVexposure.9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.Explainthenecessityofthesensor.B.PresentthesafelevelofUVexposure.C.Introducetheadvantagesofthesensor.D.ProvidethetipsonpreventingUVradiation.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thematerialsusedinthesensor.B.Theworkingprincipleofthesensor.C.Theinspirationtoinventthesensor.D.Theoperationalmethodofthesensor.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thedevicewillcomeintomarketsoon.B.Differentsensorsadoptdifferentfacialexpressions.C.Thedevicehasfunctionedeffectivelyintheopenair.D.DifferentskintonesrespondtoUVradiationdifferently.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款提示人們留意紫外線照耀的簡易紙傳感器?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Asimplepapersensor（傳感器）featuringsmileyandsadfacesdrawninultraviolet-sensitive（UV-sensitive,紫外線敏感的）inkhasbeenproducedbyresearchersinanattempttokeepussafeinthesun.ScientistssaythedifferentfacialexpressionsappearinsequenceasUVexposureincreases,offeringalow-techwayforpeopletojudgewhenitistimetocoverup.(為了愛護(hù)我們在陽光下的平安，探討人員獨創(chuàng)了一種簡易的紙傳感器，用紫外線敏感墨水繪制出笑臉和哀痛的面孔?？茖W(xué)家們表示，隨著紫外線暴露程度的增加，不同的面部表情會依次出現(xiàn)，這為人們供應(yīng)了一種低技術(shù)含量的方法來推斷何時該遮住身體)”可知，這種簡易的紙傳感器的主要功能是提示人們留意紫外線照耀。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第三段“WhileBansalnotedweatherreportsoftencontainaUVindextogiveaguidetothestrengthofUVradiation,itdoesn5ttellpeoplewhethertheyarewithinsafelevelsofexposureatthattime,andit'susuallybasedonthestandardforfairskin.(雖然Bansal指出，天氣報告通常包含紫外線指數(shù)，以指導(dǎo)紫外線輻射強度，但它并不能告知人們當(dāng)時他們所受的紫外線輻射是否在平安水平內(nèi)，而這通常是基于白皙皮膚的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”可知，本段指出了天氣預(yù)報存在的不足，它并不能告知人們當(dāng)時他們所受的紫外線輻射是否在平安水平內(nèi)。由此可揣測本段主要目的應(yīng)當(dāng)是說明傳感器的必要性。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第四段“WritinginthejournalNatureCommunications,BansalandhiscolleaguesdescribehowtheysoughttohandletheissuebycreatingacheapdevicebasedonphosphomolybdicacidorPMA.Thissubstanceturnsfromcolorlesstoblueinthepresenceoflacticacid（乳酸）andUVradiation.TheteamthenusedthismixtureoflacticacidandPMAasaninktodrawfourinvisiblefacesonpaper,andusedsometransparentsheetstocreatefilters（濾色片）thatwereputontopofthefaces.ThisallowedtheresearcherstofinelyadjusttheintensityofUVradiationreachingtheinksothatthefacescouldchangecolorinsequenceasexposuretoUVradiationrosefrom25%to50%,then75%,andfinally100%ofa“safe"amount.(Bansal和他的同事在《自然通訊》雜志上撰文，描述了他們?nèi)绾卧噲D通過制造一種基于磷鉬酸或PMA的廉價設(shè)備來解決這個問題。這種物質(zhì)在乳酸和紫外線照耀下由無色變?yōu)樗{(lán)色。然后，探討小組用乳酸和PMA的混合物作為墨水在紙上畫了四張看不見的臉，然后用一些透亮薄片制作過濾器，放在這些臉的上面。這樣，探討人員就可以微調(diào)到達(dá)墨水的紫外線輻射強度，當(dāng)紫外線輻射從25%上升到50%，然后是75%，最終達(dá)到“平安”水平的100%時，臉部就會依次變更顏色)”可知，本段主要講解并描述的是傳感器的工作原理。故選B項?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章最終一段“Byfurtheradjustingthenumberoffiltersforeachofthefourfaces,theteamwereabletoadjustthesystemtoproducedifferentsensorstoworkforsixdifferentskintones,likedark,fairoroliveskin.(通過進(jìn)一步調(diào)整四張臉的濾鏡數(shù)量，探討團(tuán)隊能夠調(diào)整系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生不同的傳感器，以適應(yīng)六種不同的膚色，比如黑、白或橄欖色)”可以推想，不同的膚色對紫外線輻射的反應(yīng)是不同的，所以才須要產(chǎn)生不同的傳感器，以適應(yīng)六種不同的膚色。故選D項。DYearsofexposuretoAmericanshas,atlast,convincedmeofsomethingabouttheirfoodculture.Inowthinkthey’recorrectinoneoflife’sgreatdilemmas:wheneatingatarestaurant,itisreallyfinetopolitelysendyourfoodbackifitisnotwhatyouordered,orcoveredincheesewhenyouaskedfornocheese,etc.Ofcourse,theideamakesmefeelanxious;theBritishfearofmakingasceneisplantedinmysoul.Butwhatpersuadedme,intheend,wasrealizinghowself-centeredthatfearactuallyis.Areyoureallysuchabigdealthatyourno-cheeserequestwillembarrassyourfellowdiners,ruinthewaiter'sday,andsendwavesofshockthroughthekitchen?Faceit:you'renot.Instead,you'reinthesituationofwhatmightbetermed“egocentricreticence(以自我為中心的緘默).”Egocentricreticenceraiseditsheadagaintheotherdayinastudyaboutgratitude,whichfoundthatpeopleunderestimatehowmuchdelightathank-younotecanbring.ThepsychologistsAmitKumarandNicholasEpleyhadpeoplesendgratefulmessagestosomeonewho'dmadeadifferencetotheirlives.Againandagain,theyfound,sendersassumedtheirwordswouldleadtolesshappinessandmoreawkwardnessthantheyreallydid,andthatrecipientswouldjudgetheirletter-writingcompetencecruelly,too.Evenintheseeminglyselflesscontextofexpressinggratitude,senderscouldn’thelpgivingtoomuchweighttotheirownperspective.Soifyoustopyourselffromsendingsomeoneathank-younotebecauseyou'reworriedyou'llmakethemfeelawkwardorannoyed,youarelettingegocentrismpreventanactionthatwouldhavemadebothofyouhappier.Themostacuteformofegocentricreticence,surely,isextremeshyness.“Shynessisjustegotismoutofitsdepth,”famousactressPenelopeKeithoncetoldaninterviewer.ThequotewaslaterregardedasalinethewriterSadieSteincreditswithcuringherownshyness.“Forsomereason,theclearcrueltyofthatquotewaswhatIneeded,”Steinwrote.“OK,Ithought...Nooneislookingatyou.”12.BeforecontactingAmericans,theauthorthoughtsendingrestaurantfoodbackwas________.A.certainlyacustomer'srightB.finetodojustinsomeculturesC.acceptablebutnotworthysometimesD.embarrassingandwouldcausetrouble13.Ifsomeoneisinasituationofegocentricreticence,hemight________.A.hesitatetodosomethingduetoself-centeredreasonsB.keepsendingwavesofshocktoothersC.beignorantofotherpeople'sfeelingsD.dosomethingextremelyembarrassing14.Whatdidthestudyaboutgratitudefind?A.Peoplemayregardsendinggratefulmessagesunimportant.B.It'scommonforAmericanstosendathank-youletter.C.It'simportanttothankothersafterbeinghelped.D.Peopleoftentakeathank-younoteforgranted.15.WhatdoesSadieStein'sstorytellus?A.Wesometimesneedshynesstobehavewell.B.Weshouldpaynoattentiontootherpeople'sthoughts.C.Wecanovercomeourshynessbyremovingouregotism.D.Weshouldavoidbeingexposedtootherpeople'sfocus.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過事例介紹了“以自我為中心的緘默”的心理危害，以及怎樣克服。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“YearsofexposuretoAmericanshas,atlast,convincedmeofsomethingabouttheirfoodculture.Inowthinkthey’recorrectinoneoflife’sgreatdilemmas:wheneatingatarestaurant,itisreallyfinetopolitelysendyourfoodbackifitisnotwhatyouordered,orcoveredincheesewhenyouaskedfornocheese,etc.(經(jīng)過多年對美國人的接觸，我最終對他們的飲食文化有了一些了解。我現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為在生活中的一個重大窘境中他們是正確的：在餐館吃飯時，假如你拿到的不是你點的食物，或者你要求不吃奶酪時上面覆蓋著奶酪，那就禮貌地把食物退回去，等等。)”可以推知，作者在接觸美國人之前認(rèn)為把餐廳食物退回是令人犯難并會引起麻煩的。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Ofcourse,theideamakesmefeelanxious;theBritishfearofmakingasceneisplantedinmysoul.Butwhatpersuadedme,intheend,wasrealizinghowself-centeredthatfearactuallyis.(當(dāng)然，這個想法讓我感到焦慮；英國人膽怯 大吵大鬧的心理深深植在我的靈魂里。但最終勸服我的是，我意識到這種恐驚其實是以自我為中心的。)”可以推知，一個人可能由于以自我為中心的緣由，會感到恐驚而遲疑做某事。故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Egocentricreticenceraiseditsheadagaintheotherdayinastudyaboutgratitude,whichfoundthatpeopleunderestimatehowmuchdelightathank-younotecanbring.(前幾天，在一項關(guān)于感恩的探討中，以自我為中心的緘默再次抬頭。該探討發(fā)覺，人們低估了一封感謝信能帶來多少快樂。)”可以推知，人們可能認(rèn)為發(fā)送感謝的信息不重要。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中PenelopeKeith所說“Shynessisjustegotismoutofitsdepth.(羞澀只是一種過分的自我主義)”以及“ThequotewaslaterregardedasalinethewriterSadieSteincreditswithcuringherownshyness.(這句話后來被認(rèn)為是作家SadieStein治愈自己羞澀的妙語。)”可知，SadieStein的故事告知我們，我們可以通過消退自我主義來克服我們的羞怯。故選C項。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youmaybeconcernedabouthowtoclearclutter(雜亂的東西)fromyourbedroomandbasement.____16____AsMayplantingseasonisdrawingnear,turnyourattentiontowardswhatcanhelpyourgardengrow.Define“weeds”foryourself.Ihavealwaysdefinedweedsas“unwantedplants”.Some,likeclover(三葉草),havepositivecharacteristicslikeenrichingthesoil.Others,likedandeliongreens,canbeeaten.Soonegardener'sweedsmightbeanothergardener'sdinner!Decidewhatyoutrulyvalue.____17____Enjoytheweedingprocess.Weedremovalisanever-endingprocess.Trytotreattheactivityinapositiveway.Youcancasuallypullweedsasyouspotthemwhenwalkingbyyourgardens.____18____WhateverattentionyouareabletogivetoyourweedsisOK—eventhoughyou'llneverfeelquite“finished”,remindyourselfthateveryweedpulledmeansprogress.____19____Aftermonthsofbeingabsorbedincolorfulgardencatalogue,Ioftenhitthenursery(苗圃)inMay,filledwithinspirationandadventure.“Thisyear,”Isay,“I'lltryeverything!”Buttimehastaughtmethatthiswildambitioncanworkagainstme.IfIchoosetoomanyplantstoexperimentwith,myplantingswillcrowdeachotherout.Trymakingamapofyourgardenbeforeyouheadtothegardencenter,usingtherecommendedspacingtoguideyourdesign.Reassessyourgardentoolcollection.Justlikeindoorclutter,gardencluttercanresultfromhavingtoomanytools.Sometoolsarenecessaryforeverygardener.____20____Theycanbuildupandcollectdustordirt.Sogothroughyourtoolsanddecidewhichtoolsdon'tworkforyouandwhichareyourforevergardencompanions.A.Makeacleargardenplan.B.Sortoutyourgardentools.C.Butwhataboutclutterinyourgarden?D.Andthenpulltherest,withouthesitation.E.Weedscancrowdoutyourintentionalplantings.F.Buttoomanyofthemcanalsocausetroubletoyou.G.Oryoucansetasidetimetogoalloutforweedremoval.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.A20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了整理花園的一些技巧。五月要來了。整理一個美麗干凈的花園吧。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Youmaybeconcernedabouthowtoclearclutter(雜亂的東西)fromyourbedroomandbasement.（你可能會擔(dān)憂如何清理臥房和地下室的雜物。）”及下文“AsMayplantingseasonisdrawingnear,turnyourattentiontowardswhatcanhelpyourgardengrow.（隨著五月種植季節(jié)的接近，把你的留意力轉(zhuǎn)向什么可以幫助你的花園生長。）”可知，上文說大家時?？紤]房間和地下室的雜物整理問題，下文提到現(xiàn)在關(guān)注一下怎么讓花園長得更好。C項“但是你花園里的雜物怎么辦?”填在該小題，承上啟下把話題由房間地下室雜物引向花園雜物整理，引出了文章主題。故選C項?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Decidewhatyoutrulyvalue.（確定你真正重視的是什么。）”可知，先確定把重要的植物留下來，D項“然后堅決果斷地把剩下的拔出來。”，承接上文，therest（其余的）指那些不重要的植物，就拔掉不要。故選D項?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Youcancasuallypullweedsasyouspotthemwhenwalkingbyyourgardens.（當(dāng)你在花園漫步時發(fā)覺雜草，你可以隨意拔除它們。）”可知，在建議除草的方式，發(fā)覺雜草隨時拔掉，G項“或者你可以留出時間全力清除雜草?！笔窃诮ㄗh另一種除草方法，可以特地拿出時間來除草，承接上文。故選G項。【19題詳解】該小題作為段落小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)概括全段。依據(jù)本段最終一句“Trymakingamapofyourgardenbeforeyouheadtothegardencenter,usingtherecommendedspacingtoguideyourdesign.（在你前往花園中心之前，試著繪制一張花園地圖，運用舉薦的間距來指導(dǎo)你的設(shè)計。）”可知，作者建議動手整理花園之前制定清楚的安排，A項“做一個清楚的花園規(guī)劃?！狈衔囊狻９蔬xA項?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合上文“Justlikeindoorclutter,gardencluttercanresultfromhavingtoomanytools.Sometoolsarenecessaryforeverygardener.（就像室內(nèi)雜亂一樣，花園雜亂也可能是由于工具太多造成的。有些工具是每個園丁都必需的。）”可知，此處談?wù)摶▓@有用不到的工具，也會使花園顯得亂。F項“但太多工具也會給你帶來麻煩?！逼渲衪hem代指tools。故選F項。第三部分：語言學(xué)問運用第一節(jié)：完形填空供15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ThecomplaintsstartedafewweeksafterFrancesmovedintohernewapartment.Lastyear,thehealth-careworkerandherroommatebegan___21___messagesfromthebuilding'ssecurityofficer,passedonfromthewomanlivingintheunitbelow—theyweretoo____22____,movedchairstoooftenandtheirgueststalkedandlaughedloud.ToFrances,thenoiseswerepartofeverydayliving.Herroommatetendedtodropthings.Frances'children____23____visitedandranaround."Itwas____24____”saysFrances."Anythingwedidcausedhertocomplain-andsheownsandwerent,soifwecouldn'tsolveit,weassumeditwaswewhowouldhavetomove.”Tomakemattersworse,Francesandherneighborcouldn'ttalktoeachother.Thekeyfobsfortheirbuildingallowed____25____onlytotheirownfloors.Thoughtheylivedjustmeters____26____theyhadnowaytoreachoutandbridgetheirdivideacrosswhichFrancescouldfeelbadfeelings___27___,“Whenyoudon'tknowtheperson,youexpecttheworst,"saysFrances."Wethoughtthisneighbor____28____us."Franceshadnowaytoknowwhatherneighbourwasthinkingaboutorwhatshewaslike,soshefounditeasytopresumetheworst.Socialpsychologistcallitfundamentalattribution（歸因）error”,theactofbelievingthatwhatapersondoesreflectstheirreal____29____."Ifweexperiencesomethingasbeingnegative_____30_____theeffectithasonus,weautomaticallyassumenegativeintentionontheotherperson'spart,"_____31_____aconflictconsultant.Andthatcancreateaspiral（螺旋形）of_____32_____withoutend.Ifcolleaguesmakeapaperworkmistake,wethinktheyare_____33_____,whentheymightjustbeoverworked.Ifsomeone_____34_____usoffintraffic,wesupposetheyarecareless,____35____possiblydealingwithanemergency.21.A.accepting B.taking C.receiving D.admitting22.A.noisy B.joyous C.impolite D.strict23.A.officially B.hardly C.naturally D.occasionally24.A.interesting B.moving C.frustrating D.irritating25.A.way B.access C.road D.route26.A.out B.apart C.down D.above27.A.disappearing B.rewarding C.damaging D.increasing28.A.hated B.feared C.liked D.annoyed29.A.intelligence B.character C.appearance D.ability30.A.intermsof B.insearchof C.inchargeof D.incaseof31.A.questions B.asks C.explains D.argues32.A.discussion B.competition C.cooperation D.conflict33.A.upset B.cheerful C.lazy D.tired34.A.calls B.cuts C.sees D.sets35.A.ratherthan B.apartfrom C.otherthan D.morethan【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.B27.D28.A29.B30.A31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文通過講解并描述例子介紹了人們在社交中出現(xiàn)的摩擦和沖突及造成這一現(xiàn)象的緣由：解讀他人行為時歸因于其人品而忽視其所處的環(huán)境?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，這位保健工作者和她室友起先從大樓保安那里收到住在下面單元里的女人傳遞的消息。A.accepting接受；B.taking拿；??；C.receiving收到；D.admitting承認(rèn)。依據(jù)下文“messagesfromthebuilding'ssecurityofficer,passedonfromthewomanlivingintheunitbelow”可知，此處表示信息時樓下的女兒經(jīng)由保安傳遞來得，是客觀上收到信息，應(yīng)用receiving，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們太吵了，挪動椅子太頻繁了，而且她們的客人談話和笑太大聲了。A.noisy吵鬧的；B.joyous快樂的；C.impolite有禮貌的；D.strict嚴(yán)格的。依據(jù)“movedchairstoooftenandtheirgueststalkedandlaughedloud”可知，頻繁地挪動椅子，談話和笑太大聲應(yīng)是太吵了，故選A。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：摯友的孩子間或來訪到處跑。A.officially官方地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.naturally自然地；D.occasionally間或地。依據(jù)常識可知，摯友的孩子應(yīng)是間或會來，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是令人懊喪的。A.interesting好玩的；B.moving令人感動的；C.frustrating令人懊喪的；D.irritating令人不開心的。依據(jù)本段最終一句中“soifwecouldn'tsolveit,weassumeditwaswewhowouldhavetomove.”(所以假如我們不能解決這件事，我們認(rèn)為不得不搬家的就是我們。)可知，假如不能解決噪音的事情，她們將不得不搬家，這是令人懊喪的，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們樓的電子鑰匙只允許通往自己的樓層。A.way方式；B.access通道；C.road道路；D.route路途。依據(jù)上文“Francesandherneighborcould