2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina教師用書教案外研版必修3

PAGE13-Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina(主題語境——人與社會之科學(xué)與技術(shù)：對社會有突出貢獻的人物)1．dynastyn.朝代2.emperorn.皇帝3．queenn.女王；王后4.slaveryn.奴隸制度5．battlen.戰(zhàn)斗；戰(zhàn)役6.ancestorn.祖先7．originn.起源；由來8.weaponn.武器9．a(chǎn)ggressionn.侵略10.revolutionn.革命11．uprisingn.起義12.incidentn.事變13．invadev.侵略14.occupyvt.攻占；忙于15．sacrificev.犧牲16.betrayvt.出賣；泄露(機密)17．escapev.逃跑；逃走18.feudaladj.封建(制度)的19．a(chǎn)ncientadj.古代的20．primitiveadj.原始的；遠古的21．historicadj.歷史上聞名(或重要)的22．historicaladj.與歷史有關(guān)的；史學(xué)的23．independencen.獨立24.independentadj.獨立的25．slaveryn.奴隸制度26.pyramidn.金字塔27．periodn.時期；時代28.stableadj.穩(wěn)固的；堅固的29．popularityn.受歡迎；流行30．a(chǎn)utomaticadj.自動的1．playarolein在……中起作用2．onceuponatime從前3．serveas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)當(dāng)；起……的作用4．a(chǎn)saconsequenceof由于5．leadamiserablelife過著苦痛的生活6．setup建立；設(shè)立7．heartandsoul一心一意地8．a(chǎn)tthebeginning/startof在……起先時9．bedevotedto致力于，專注于10．inthecourseof在……期間，在……過程中11．votefor/against投票，支持/反對12．onbehalfof代表13．cometopower上臺執(zhí)政14．inthelongrun從長遠來看15．declarewaron...對……宣戰(zhàn)16．beknownas作為……而出名17．beconsideredas被認為是……18．ofalltime有史以來；始終19．beinpower執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)20．inpeace和平1．ZhengHe,anexplorerinMingDynasty,ismyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory.鄭和是明朝的一位探險家，他是我最喜愛的中國歷史人物。2．ConfuciusisconsideredasthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.孔子被認為是古代中國最宏大的圣人。3．Heholdsthebeliefthathowimportantitwastostandonhisowntwofeetandberesponsibleforhisownacts.他信任腳踏實地和對自己行為負責(zé)的重要性。4．Bybeingdevotedtowhathedoesnomatterhowboringitis,hesetsagoodexampletous.不管事情有多枯燥，他都會全身心地去做所做之事，為我們樹立一個好榜樣。5．Owingtothefactthathecandowhateverhehaschosentodowithgreatperseverance,hehasmadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.由于他能夠堅持不懈地做他所選擇做的任何事情，所以他在許多領(lǐng)域都取得了巨大成就。單詞巧練寫準并記牢Ⅰ.識記單詞(一)會其形1．teachingn.(常作復(fù)數(shù))教化；學(xué)說2.thinkern.思想家3．principlen.原則；準則4.positionn.職位5．stressvt.強調(diào)6.resignvi.辭職7．kindnessn.和善8.loven.仁愛9．softadj.松軟的10.fueln.燃料11．conditionn.狀況；條件；環(huán)境(二)知其意1．philosophern.哲學(xué)家2.philosophyn.哲學(xué)3．a(chǎn)dvisern.顧問4.barkn.樹皮5．leathern.皮革6.monkn.和尚7．categoryn.范疇；種類8.sutran.(佛教的)經(jīng)Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．equaladj.同等的；相等的v.比得上→equalityn.相等；同等→equallyadv.同等地；相等地2．importancen.重要；重要性→importantadj.重要的3．ordern.秩序→orderlyadj.整齊的；有秩序的4．influentialadj.有影響的→influencen．&v.影響5．honestyn.誠懇→honestadj.誠懇的6．justicen.公正→justadj.公正的7．contributionn.貢獻→contributevi.貢獻；促成；造成8．inventvt.獨創(chuàng)→inventionn.獨創(chuàng)→inventorn.獨創(chuàng)家9．a(chǎn)rgumentn.爭論；辯論；爭論→arguevi.爭論；爭論；提出理由；勸服10．freedomn.自由→freeadj.自由的；空閑的；免費的高考與教材1.(2024·北京卷)Andhestressedtheimportance(important)ofworkingwithourownhands.2．(2024·北京卷)Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinvention(invent)ofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.3．(2024·北京卷)Iwasproudtomakecontributions(contribute)tospreadChineseculture.4．(2024·江蘇卷)Leavingasidethebirthrateissue,India'seconomymaytakeoffwhenthecountryachievesequality(equal)ofeducationalopportunity.5．(2024·江蘇卷)Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions(condition)．6．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressed(stress)byresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識別)thoseofgreaterandlessimportance.1．易混單詞先辨清①principle原則principal校長②tissue組織issue問題；發(fā)行③affect影響effect結(jié)果④dessert甜點desert舍棄⑤borrow借sorrow哀思⑥wander閑逛wonder想知道2．名詞后綴-ness大觀園①kindness和善②blindness盲目③darkness黑暗④weakness虛弱⑤loneliness孤獨⑥awareness意識3．以-y結(jié)尾的名詞一覽①honesty誠懇②difficulty困難③modesty虛心④discovery發(fā)覺⑤delivery投遞；交付⑥safety平安短語巧練寫準并記牢1.agree_with同意；與……相符；適合(某人)2．be_at_war_with與……交戰(zhàn)3．bring_up哺育；撫養(yǎng)4．become/be_interested_in對……感愛好5．a(chǎn)_sense_of_responsibility責(zé)任感6．be_proud_of為……驕傲7．in_conclusion總之8．for_the_first_time第一次高考與教材1.(2024·江蘇卷)In_conclusion,_weshouldgiveasecondthoughttotheseratingsbeforebuyingsomeproductsorservices.2．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)“Moreinteresting,therearehundredsofCanadianswhoare_interested_inchangingtheirnametoElizabethGallagher.”Axanisaid.3．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Onemorning,Ihadtobookanimmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.IranintoRani'sofficefor_the_first_time.1．“at＋n.”短語薈萃①atwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)②atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)③athand在手邊④atwork在工作⑤atrest在休息⑥attable在吃飯⑦atrisk境況危急；遭遇危急⑧atsea在航海；茫然⑨atlength最終；最終⑩atschool在上學(xué)2．sense相關(guān)短語精選①asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感②inasense從某種意義上來說③innosense/way決不④makesense講得通；有意義⑤makesenseof理解；弄懂⑥asenseofdirection/humor方向感/幽默感3．up短語全接觸①buildup漸漸增加；建立②hangup掛起來；掛斷電話③pickup撿起；學(xué)會④dressup穿上盛裝；裝扮句式仿寫寫準并記牢1.theway作先行詞，省略that/inwhich的定語從句Treatothersinthewayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。2．thereasonwhy...isthat...“……的緣由是……Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子認為人區(qū)分于動物的緣由就在于人性本善。3．“do/does/did＋動詞原形”表示強調(diào)However,wedoknowthatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.然而，我們的確知道在公元1092年，他獨創(chuàng)了第一個真正的鐘表。高考與教材1.(2024·天津卷)這些詞聽起來很優(yōu)雅，我深受鼓舞。Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythe_words_sounded.2．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)我的確信任你會玩得很快樂的。Ido_havetheconfidencethatyouwillhaveagreattime.3．(2011·陜西卷)學(xué)校里的一些全優(yōu)學(xué)生在社會上沒有像他們預(yù)期的那樣勝利，緣由是來自他們父母的壓力讓他們幾乎沒有時間做其他的事情。The_reason_whysomeall-Astudentsinschoolhaveturnedoutnottobeassuccessfulinsocietyastheywereexpectedis_thatthepressurefromtheirparentsallowsthemalmostnotimeforotheractivities.高頻詞匯精講1．equaladj.同等的；相等的；勝任的vt.等于；比得上n．同等的人；相等的物Allhumanbeingsareequal.全部的人都是同等的。(1)equal...with...把……與……等同(2)beequalto(doing)sth.等于；能勝任(做)某事beequalwith與……同等equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面比得過/敵得過某人/某物withoutequal無與倫比(3)equalityn.相等；同等equallyadv.相等地；同等地[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見表達：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor(1)單句語法填空①Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.②Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthisequaltoyourphysicalhealth.③Noteveryoneisequaltodoing(do)thetaskbecauseitcallsforspecialskillsandmuchpatience.(2)補全句子Suchstupidityiswithout_equalintheentirehistoryofhumanrelations.如此愚蠢的行為在整個人際關(guān)系史上找不出其次個。2．ordern．秩序；次序；吩咐；訂購；點菜vt.吩咐；訂購；點(飯菜)Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他強調(diào)了仁愛、責(zé)任和社會秩序的重要性。(1)inorderof以……的依次inorder井然有序；相宜的；妥當(dāng)?shù)膐utoforder次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障placeanorderforsth.(withsb.)(向某人)訂購某物(2)ordersb.todosth.吩咐某人做某事orderthat...(should)do吩咐……(1)單句語法填空①Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.②I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourcompany.③Hewasasbusyasabeetryingtoputthehouseinorder.④Ican'tmakeacall,asourtelephoneisoutoforder.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thedoctororderedmetotakearestforamonth.→ThedoctororderedthatI(should)_take_a_restforamonth.3．stressvt.強調(diào)；施壓于；使驚慌n.壓力；重音；強調(diào)Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他強調(diào)了仁愛、責(zé)任和社會秩序的重要性。(1)stresstheimportanceof強調(diào)……的重要性understress在壓力之下underthestressof在……壓力下；為……所迫lay/put/placestresson強調(diào)；把重點放在……上(2)stressfuladj.壓力大的；驚慌的stressedadj.焦慮擔(dān)心的；心力交瘁的單句語法填空①Fatheralwaysputsalotofstressongoodtablemanners.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Thelifeofahighschoolstudentisusuallyactive,excitingandfulloffun,butitcanbestressful(stress)sometimes.④Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.4．conditionn．狀況；條件；環(huán)境Often,factoryworkerslivedinpoorandcrowdedconditions.通常工廠工人生活在貧困和擁擠的環(huán)境中。(1)living/housing/workingconditions生活/住房/工作條件under...conditions在……條件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition狀況良好/惡劣；健康/不健康outofcondition身體不適(3)oncondition(that)．..在……條件下；倘如onnocondition決不(放于句首時，句子需部分倒裝)[名師指津]condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)條件”時，通常要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而表示“狀況”時，則為不行數(shù)名詞。(1)單句語法填空①Oneofthewaysofdealingwiththatistodealwithhousingconditions(condition).②Manyroadsareinbadconditionandaccidentshappenfrequently.③I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoucanreturnittomorrow.(2)補全句子Onnoconditioncan_we_give_up_our_dreams;_onlyifwesticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.我們決不能放棄幻想，只有我們堅持自己的幻想，才能夠克服各種挑戰(zhàn)。5．bringup哺育；撫養(yǎng)；教化；提出；嘔吐Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.他的父親在他小時候就去世了，是母親把他撫養(yǎng)長大的。bringabout引起；導(dǎo)致(事故、變更等)bringback帶回；使回憶起某事bringdown使……降低；使……倒下bringin引入；賺得；掙得bringout顯現(xiàn)出；使發(fā)揮選用上述短語填空①WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbrought_outthebestinherasadoctor.②Thegreatdamagewhichtheearthquakebrought_aboutmademanypeoplehomelessorlosetheirlives.③Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobring_downinflation.④Ihadasandwichforlunchandpromptlybroughtitupagain.重點詞匯點撥eq\a\vs4\al(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)①Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.推動②Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.原則③Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.辯論；爭論④Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.狗叫⑤Whatisthetreatmentforthiscondition？疾病典型句式精析1．theway作先行詞，省略that/inwhich的定語從句Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。句中theway作先行詞，youwanttobetreated為省略關(guān)系詞的定語從句。(1)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后常接inwhich或that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，也可以將關(guān)系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語。(2)way后接定語從句時，假如關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。(1)單句語法填空①Thewaythat/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.②Specialistscancomeupwithnewwaysto_solve(solve)theproblemofairpollution.(2)補全句子Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingattheway(in_which/that)_he_speaks_English.我覺得你訕笑他說英語的方式損害了他的自尊心。2．Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的緣由是……Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.孟子認為人區(qū)分于動物的緣由就在于人性本善。believed后面是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句中運用了“thereasonwhy...isthat...”句式，其中why引導(dǎo)的是定語從句；is之后的that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。(1)reason用作先行詞后接定語從句時，首先推斷定語從句中缺什么成分，假如缺狀語，則要運用關(guān)系副詞why或forwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，why有時可省略；假如缺主語或賓語，則運用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，在定語從句中作賓語時可省略。(2)thereason后接同位語從句說明其內(nèi)容時，用引導(dǎo)詞that。(1)單句語法填空①Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.②Whydon'tyoubelievethereasonthatmycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?(2)補全句子Thereason(that/which)_he_explained_at_the_meeting_was_thathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.他在會議上說明的理由是他沒有趕上第一輛公共汽車。Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．IamnotsurewhatIwoulddoifIwereinyourposition(職位)．2．Hedecidedtoresign(辭職)andgiveuptheopportunitytobeamanagerbecauseofpoorhealth.3．Enoughsleepisconnectedwithgeneralhealthconditions(狀況)．4．Heisstrictwithhimselfanddoesn'tdoanythingagainsthisprinciples(原則)．5．Healwaysstressestheimportance(重要性)ofgoodteamwork.6．Thegovernmentordered(吩咐)thepoliceouttokeeporderinthestreets.7．Wewillstandtogetherwithallthecountriesandpeoplethatlovepeaceandjustice(公正)．8．Theteacherhasalreadystressed(強調(diào))theimportanceofsilentreadinginclass.9．Thethreespacemenmadegreatcontributions(貢獻)tothedevelopmentofthespaceprogram.10．Afteralongperiodofargument(爭論)，wefinallyreachedanagreementabouttheproblem.11．Oureducationsystemshouldprovideequal(同等)opportunitiesforallchildren.12．Manyoldpeoplestillhavethebelief(信念)thatboysarebetterthangirls.13．Theboy'shonesty(誠懇)iswhatmakeshimdifferentfromtheotherchildren.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Nobodywantstoliveinaverystressful(stress)environment.2．Inmyopinion,honesty(honest)isthemostimportantpartoffriendship,becauseIhatebeingcheated.3．BeingbroughtupinthecountrysidemadeMrWilsonveryhardworkingwhenhewasveryyoung.4．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbeatwarwitheachother?5．Asrewardforhiscontribution(contribute)tobotany，JosephBankshadaflowernamedafterhim.6．Itisofgreatimportance(important)forcollegestudentstomasteraforeignlanguage.7．Heisaveryinfluential(influence)maninthecompany,soeveryonewouldliketofollowhisadvice.8．Dobecarefulwhileyouaredrivingontheroad.9．Idon'tthinkBobisequaltobeingamanager,forhehaslittleknowledgeaboutmanagement.10．Atpresentreliefworkisrunninginasmoothandorderly(order)manner.Ⅲ.單句改錯1．Hecan'tgoforanouting,sinceheisoutofthecondition.去掉the2．IthoughthimtobeniceandhonestforthefirsttimeImethim.去掉for3．ThereasonwhyIhavetogoisbecausemymotherisillinbed.because→that4．Ihatethewaywhichshealwayscriticizesme.which→that或在which前加in或去掉which5．Heorderedthatthestudentsworetheirspecialclothesduringthemilitarytraining.wore→wear6．Inmyday，childrenbroughtuptorespectthelaw.children后加were7．Itiscommonsensethatthingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstresses.stresses→stress8．Sheisveryweakandnotequaltomakealongjourney.make→making9．Thetwocountrieshavebeenonwarwitheachotherfornearlyayear.on→at10．Hehasbecomequiteinterestingincyclingeversincehecameersting→interestedⅣ.語段填詞1．Thehonestboywhowaslookingthroughanewspaperimpressedalltheemployerswithhishonesty.(honest)2．Einstein,afamousinventor,_wasoneofthegreatestinventivescientistsofhistime.Hewaswellknownforhisinventionswhichheinventedoneafteranotherinhislife.(invent)3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,hismajorcontributionstothecompanyhavecontributedtoitsrapiddevelopmentinrecentyears.(contribute)4．Williamcomplainedtousabouthavinganargumentwiththemanageronhisfirstdayatwork.Hearguedwithhimoversomethingunimportant.Wetookinwhathesaidandurgedhimtofindabetterwaytoexpresshisidearatherthangivingouthisanger.(argue)5．Thereareequalinnumbersofboysandgirlsinourclass.Theyshareeverythinginclassequally.Theytreateachotherasequals.Theyvaluetheequalityineverythingamongthemselves.(equal)Ⅴ.完成句子1．他沒得到這個工作的緣由是他的英語不好。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_why_he_didn't_get_the_job_was_thathisEnglishwasnotverygood.2．你日常生活中發(fā)生的事情會變更你看待世界和世間的人的方式。(theway)Somethingthathappensinyourdailylifewillchangethe_way_you_look_at_the_worldandthepeopleinit.3．我現(xiàn)在很少熬煉，但我上初中時的確喜愛踢足球。(do強調(diào)謂語)Idon'ttakemuchexercisenow,butIdid_like_playing_football_when_I_was_in_junior_school.4．我們?yōu)樽约焊械教貏e傲慢，信任我們可以為一個更美妙的世界做更多的事情。(beproudof)Weare_very_proud_of_ourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.5．盡管已是八十高齡，這位老人依舊身體健康。(condition)Thoughinhiseighties,theoldmanisstillin_good_condition.Ⅵ.微寫作假設(shè)你是高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國摯友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國歷史人物很感愛