話題閱讀16語言與文化-2022年中考英語閱讀理解

備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語話題閱讀專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練專題16語言與文化(解析版)¤話題01¤話題01 通過漫畫看中西方文化差異¤話題02 中國不同地區(qū)的人們給客人上茶的方式¤話題03 中國古老的武術(shù)——太極¤話題04 剪紙藝術(shù)的由來和發(fā)展歷程¤話題05 英國和美國短語和習(xí)語的差異¤話題06 中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)皮影戲¤話題07 在美國，人們?yōu)榱朔奖憬?jīng)常使用的省略說法¤話題08 中國元宵節(jié)的由來，習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)¤話題09 關(guān)于谷雨的風(fēng)俗¤話題10 中國人在標(biāo)志和日常用語中的英語不地道使用

Passage1（2021·遼寧遼陽·中考真題）WhataretheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWest?YoumightbeabletofindtheanswerinCaoSiyu’sics（漫畫）.Cao,32,wasborninBeijing,butlefthomeat20andhasstudiedandlivedintheUS,theUK,andFrancefor12years.Havingseensomanycultures,Caowantedtouseherdrawingsillstoshowthedifferencesshehasexperienced.SoshecreatedthecartoonseriesTinyEyesics.“Myexperienceshowsthatalthoughtravelismucheasierandfastertoday,thedistance（距離）betweencultureshasn’tshortened,”Caosaid.Shehopestobuildbridgesandbreakdownmisunderstandingsbetweendifferentcultures.Oneofhercartoonsshowswaterformsindifferentcountries.Threeglassesofwaterareshown.TheglassofwaterfromtheUShasice;theonefromFranceisfullofsparklingwater（氣泡水）;theonefromChinaissteaming（冒熱氣的）.Caoalsouseshercartoonstoshowdifferentwaysofthinkingandsocialcustoms.DuringtheCOVID﹣19pandemic,sheusedhericstoexplainwhyChinesepeopleprefertowearmaskswhilewesternpeopledon’t.“HersimplepictureshaveplayedabigpartinreflectingChineseculture,”ItalianmagazineGraziareported.ManyforeignreaderssaythatCao’sicshelpthemunderstandChina,whileChineselivingabroadhavefeltthattheyareseenandunderstood.Shesaidthatthisvoicehasbeenthebiggestmotivation（動(dòng)力）forhertokeepcreating.1．CaoSiyushowspeopletheculturaldifferencesby________.A．livingabroad B．creatingics C．writingforanItalianmagazine D．talkingaboutherexperience2．Cao’sicideasefromherstudiesandlifein________countries.A．3 B．12 C．20 D．323．Theunderlinedword“misunderstandings”means________.A．融合 B．交流 C．差異 D．誤解4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________ismorepopularinChina.A．coldwater B．icewater C．sparklingwater D．hotwater5．Thebesttitleofthepassageis“________”.A．TravelismucheasierandfastertodayB．icsshowushowwearedifferentC．SchoollifeabroadisbusyandlonelyD．Differentwaysofthinkingandbehaving【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．D5．B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。短文主要圍繞曹思禹的漫畫展開，介紹了中西方文化的不同。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“WhataretheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWest?YoumightbeabletofindtheanswerinCaoSiyu’sics（漫畫）.”可知，曹思禹通過創(chuàng)造漫畫向人們展示了文化差異。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Cao,32,wasborninBeijing,butlefthomeat20andhasstudiedandlivedintheUS,theUK,andFrancefor12years.”可知，曹思禹的漫畫思想來源于她在3個(gè)國家的學(xué)習(xí)和生活。故選A。3．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前句“Shehopestobuildbridges”可猜測(cè)出，后句應(yīng)是打破不同文化之間的誤解。故下劃線單詞“misunderstandings”的意思應(yīng)是“誤解”。故選D。4．細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)文中“theonefromChinaissteaming（冒熱氣的）.”可知，在中國比較受歡迎的是熱水。故選D。5．最佳標(biāo)題。通讀全文可知,短文主要圍繞曹思禹的漫畫展開，介紹了中西方文化的不同。故文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“漫畫向我們展示了我們的不同之處”。故選B。Passage2（2021·遼寧朝陽·中考真題）InChina,ahostusuallyservesavisitingguestacupofteafirstwhenheentershishouse.ItisatraditionalcustominChina.Butdoyouknowhowtoserveacupofteatoavisitingguest?Well,indifferentplaces,thewaysofservingteaaredifferent.InJiangsuandZhejiangprovinces,aclaycupisusuallyusedtobrew(沖泡)Longjing,Biluochun,Maojianorjustgreentea.Chrysanthemumteaissometimesusedinthehotsummerseasontoreducethehotfromoutside.ServingacupofteaisaverypopularcustomintheNorthChinacities.Inthecoldernortheasternprovinces,thehostswouldprovidewarmblackteawithsugarfortheirguests.InsomecoastalprovincessuchasGuangdongProvinceandFujianProvince,apotofOolongteaorPuerteaistheusualtreat.ServingteatoguestsisamonpracticeinChina.However,differentteaisusedindifferentplaces.InInnerMongolia(內(nèi)蒙古),aguestisusuallytreatedwithmilkytea.IntheJingpofamily,youwouldbegivenbakedtea(teainwaterandbakedinanoventobemadehot).6．WhatkindofteasetsshouldbeusedtobrewLongjing?A．Aglasscup B．Apapercup C．Aplasticcup D．Aclaycup7．Whichkindofteacanmakepeoplefeelcoolinhotsummer?A．Oolongtea B．Puertea C．Chrysanthemumtea D．Milkytea8．Whenyouarevisitingafriendin________,youmightbeofferedwarmblackteawithsugar.A．Suzhou B．Changchun C．Hangzhou D．Baotou9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coastal”inParagraph4mean?A．內(nèi)陸的 B．邊境的 C．沿海的 D．沿河的10．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．thewaysofservingteainChina. B．thedifferentkindsofteainChina.C．thewaysofdrinkingteainChina. D．thereasonsofservingteainChina.【答案】6．D7．C8．B9．C10．A【解析】本文主要介紹了中國不同地區(qū)的人們給客人上茶的方式。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“aclaycupisusuallyusedtobrewLongjing,Biluochun,Maojianorjustgreentea”可知，通常會(huì)用陶土杯沖泡龍井茶。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chrysanthemumteaissometimesusedinthehotsummerseasontoreducethehotfromoutside.”可知，菊花茶可以在炎熱的夏季讓人感到?jīng)鏊?。故選C。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthecoldernortheasternprovinces,thehostswouldprovidewarmblackteawithsugarfortheirguests.”可知，在寒冷的東北部省份，主人會(huì)為客人提供加糖的熱紅茶，長春是寒冷的東北部城市。故選B。9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“suchasGuangdongProvinceandFujianProvince”可知，廣東省和福建省是屬于沿海的省份，所以“coastal”的意思是“沿海的”。故選C。10．主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國不同地區(qū)的人們給客人上茶的方式。故選A。Passage3（2021·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）Ifyouwalkthroughaparkinthemorningorintheevening,youmightseealotofpeopledoingtheseslowandbeautifulmovements—CarrythetigeroverthemountainandWhitecranespreadsitswings.Infact,theyaredoingTaichi.Taichiisanancientmartialart(武術(shù)).ItisamonkindofexerciseinChina.Morethan100millionpeopleinover150countriespracticeTaichiatpresent.RecentlyUNESCO(聯(lián)合國教科文組織)hasaddedTaichitoitsIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄).Manytaichifanswerehappytohearofit.“Thiswillmaketaichimorepopulararoundtheworld.Hopefully,morepeoplewillbeehealthierbypracticingit.”saidChenBin.HeisaTaichimasterfromthevillageofChenjiagou,HenanProvince.ThisvillageisthebirthplaceofChenstyleTaichi.It’struethatdoingTaichiisgoodforourhealth.Itcanmakeuswalkandmovemorefreely,anditcanalsomakeusstronger.Duringslowmovements,wecanfocuson(專注)ourhandsandfeet.Wecancontrolthembetter.Slowmovementsalsohelpustotakedeepandlongbreaths.Taichialsofocusesontheharmony(和諧)betweenyin(陰)andyang(陽).ItshowshowtheancientChinesepeoplesawtheworld.Theworldisfullofyinandyang:darkandlight,softandhard,femaleandmale.Buttheydon’toppose(對(duì)立)eachotherabsolutely(絕對(duì)地).Asweseeinthepicture,awhitespotisintheblackareaandablackspotisinthewhitearea.Afteradarknight,thesunwillrise.Leavesfallinautumnbutgrowinspring.Everythingkeepschanging—thatishowweshouldseetheworld.TaichicarriestraditionalChinesephilosophy(哲學(xué)),suchasbeinginharmonywithnatureandusingsoftnesstobeathardness.IthasbeeasymbolofChineseculture.11．HowmanypeoplepracticeTaichiintheworldnow?A．About10million. B．Lessthan150thousand.C．Atmost100thousand. D．Morethan100million.12．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethemovementsofTaichi?A．Slowandbeautiful. B．Slowandexciting. C．Fastandfree. D．Strongandtiring.13．WhyhasTaichibeenaddedtoIntangibleCulturalHeritageListrecently?A．BecauseitisasymbolofChineseculture. B．BecauseitisfromthevillageofChenjiagou.C．Becauseitcanmakeuswalkmorefreely. D．Becauseitcanusesoftnesstobeathardness.14．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．ToaskpeopletodoTaichiintheirfieetime. B．Tointroduceanancientmartialart—taichi.C．ToteachpeoplehowtodoTaichicorrectly. D．ToexplainwhyTaichiisgoodforourhealth.【答案】11．D12．A13．A14．B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國古老的武術(shù)——太極。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Morethan100millionpeopleinover150countriespracticeTaichiatpresent.”可知，目前全世界有一億多人練習(xí)太極拳。故選D。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“youmightseealotofpeopledoingtheseslowandbeautifulmovements…Infact,theyaredoingTaichi.”可知，太極是緩慢的、美麗的。故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“TaichicarriestraditionalChinesephilosophy…IthasbeeasymbolofChineseculture”可知，太極承載著中國的哲學(xué)，是中國文化的象征，所以聯(lián)合國教科文組織將其列入非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。故選A。14．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)——太極，文章介紹了其發(fā)展起源、蘊(yùn)含的哲理等。故選B。Passage4（2021·新疆·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)正確答案。Yangzhoupapercutting,withahistoryof2,000years,canbedatedbacktotheSuiDynasty,makingYangzhouoneoftheplaceswherepapercuttingfirstbecamepopular.IntheSuiDynasty,thepeopleofYangzhouwouldcutcolourfulpaperorsilkandsatin(緞子)tocelebratefestivals.ItissaidthatEmperorYangcametoYangzhouthreetimes.Inwinter,theflowersandtreesinthegardenbecamedryandweak.Theemperororderedthegrilservantstocutfinesilkandsatinintoflowersandleavesandusethemtodecoratethetreesandlakes,copyingnicelythelooksofspringandsummer.Sincethen,“colorfulcutting”hasbeeapopularartinYangzhou.IntheTangDynasty,thepapercuttingindustrywashighlydevelopedandalargeamountofhighqualitypaperwasmadeaspresentstotheCourt(宮廷).IntheQingDynasty,becauseoftheeconomicdevelopment,thepeopleofYangzhoubecameinterestedinwearingfineclothing,especiallyembroidered(刺繡的)clothing.Theembroidereddesignswerebasedonpapercuts,themostwellknowofthemwasfromBaoJun,apapercuttingmaster.Hewonahighreputation(名聲)asMagicScissorsforhiswonderfulcuttingskills.AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasstarted,theChinesegovernmentacceptedtheimportanceofpapercuttinglikemanyotherartsandskills.In2007,ChinaPapercutsMuseumopenedtothepublicinthebackgardenoftheWang’sResidence(住所),Yangzhou,greatlyhelpingthedevelopmentofYangzhoupapercutting.15．Whendid“colourfulcutting”beeapopularartinYangzhou?A．IntheSuiDynasty. B．IntheTangDynasty.C．IntheMingDynasty. D．IntheQingDynasty.16．Theunderlinedword“decorate”inParagraph2means______inChinese.A．種植 B．裝飾 C．澆水 D．砍伐17．WhendidChinaPapercutsMuseumopentothepublic?A．In2007. B．In2008. C．In2009. D．In2010.18．Wherecanweprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inapoem. B．Inanovel. C．Inamagazine. D．Inadictionary.19．What’sthemainideaonthepassage?A．Howtomakepapercutting.B．Thewaytocutpaper.C．TheimportanceofYangzhoupapercutting.D．ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupapercutting.【答案】15．A16．B17．A18．C19．D【解析】本文主要介紹了剪紙藝術(shù)的由來和發(fā)展歷程。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yangzhoupapercutting,withahistoryof2,000years,canbedatedbacktotheSuiDynasty,makingYangzhouoneoftheplaceswherepapercuttingfirstbecamepopular”可知，“彩剪”在隋朝成為流行文化，故選A。16．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Inwinter,theflowersandtreesinthegardenbecamedryandweak”及“Theemperororderedthegrilservantstocutfinesilkandsatinintoflowersandleavesandusethemtodecoratethetreesandlakes”可知，因?yàn)樵诙旎▓@里的植物變得干燥，所以皇帝讓仆人用絲綢和緞子來裝飾樹和湖，故decorate表示“裝飾”，故選B。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In2007,ChinaPapercutsMuseumopenedtothepublicinthebackgardenoftheWang’sResidence…”可知，在2007年，中國剪紙博物館向公眾開放了，故選A。18．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了剪紙藝術(shù)的由來和發(fā)展歷程，此篇文章會(huì)在雜志上看到，故選C。19．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了剪紙藝術(shù)的由來和發(fā)展歷程，故選D。Passage5（2021·四川自貢·中考真題）Ifyou’reridingina“l(fā)ift”oran“elevator”,oreating“chips”versus“fries”,thesewordsalldependonwhetheryou’reintheUKorUS.AlthoughtheybothspeakEnglish,therearemanyphrasesandidiomsthatdifferbetweenthecultures.Forexample,haveyoueverjustnotbeeninthemoodtogooutwithfriends?IntheUSyoumightsayyoudon’tfeellikedoingthatactivity,butintheUKyouwouldsay,“Ican’tbeasked.”Maybeyou’reabouttotakeatestandfeelalittleanxious.IntheUS,youmightsayyouarenervous,butintheUK,onecouldsaytheyare“havingkittens”.IfsomeoneintheUKwerefeelingtheywereunderpressure,theymightsaytheyare“underthecosh”.EvenmanynativeEnglishspeakersareoftenconfusedbythemeaningsoftheseterms.StephanieStone,aUSnative,recallsherexperiencestudyingintheUK.“Peoplewouldask,‘Youallright?’FormonthsIthoughtIlookedunwelluntilIrealizeditjustmeant‘How’sitgoing?’.”IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutUSandUKidioms,you’dbetter“haveabutcher’shook”atsomephrasebooks.Itcanbequiteinterestingtofind,theequivalent（對(duì)應(yīng)的）phrasesinyourownlanguage.20．WhatwouldyousayinAmericaifyouareunwillingtogooutwithfriends?A．Ican’tbeasked. B．I’munderthecosh. C．Idon’tfeellikedoingthat.21．HowmightStephanieStonefeelatfirstwhenasked‘Youallright?’intheUK?A．Surprised. B．Pleased. C．Tired.22．Whatdoesthephrase“haveabutcher’shook”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Getmanyskills. B．Havealook. C．Findsomewords.23．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThemeaningsofphrasesandidiomsintheUKandUS.B．ThehistoryofphrasesandidiomsintheUKandUS.C．ThedifferencesofphrasesandidiomsintheUKandUS.【答案】20．C21．A22．B23．C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國和美國短語和習(xí)語的差異。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IntheUSyoumightsayyoudon’tfeellikedoingthatactivity”可知，在美國，如果你不愿意和朋友出去，你會(huì)說“你不想做那個(gè)活動(dòng)”，故選C。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Peoplewouldask,‘Youallright?’FormonthsIthoughtIlookedunwelluntilIrealizeditjustmeant‘How’sitgoing?’”可知，人們會(huì)問“你沒事吧？”，幾個(gè)月來，作者一直覺得自己看起來不太舒服，直到我意識(shí)到它只是表示“怎么樣了？”所以作者一開始感到驚訝，故選A。22．詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutUSandUKidioms,you’dbetter‘haveabutcher’shook’atsomephrasebooks.”可知，如果你想了解更多的英美習(xí)語，你最好去看一些習(xí)語書。此處“haveabutcher’shook”的意思是“看”的意思，故選B。23．主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了英國和美國短語和習(xí)語的差異。故選C。Passage6（2021·重慶八中九年級(jí)期中）Shadowpuppetplay(皮影戲),alsocalled“shadowplay”,isatraditionalChineseartofstorytelling.Dramaswereplayedoutinscreenorwallsforthousandsofyearstoentertain(娛樂)andteach.ItwasverypopularinmanypartsofChinaduringtheTang(618907)andSong(9601279)periods.Shadowpuppetsaremadeofhardleather(皮革).Theleatheriscutoutintheshapeofaperson,ananimaloranobject.Eachpuppetispaintedinbrightcolorsandputonastick.Differentcolorsareusedtoshowgoodandbadofpersoninthedrama.Somepuppetshavemovablearmsandlegs.They’reshownonthewhitescreenthroughthelight.Duringashadowpuppetplay,theplayersstandbehindawhitescreenwithlightsbehindit.Theaudiencesitinfrontofthescreen.Theplayersholdthepuppetsveryclosetothescreensotheaudiencecanseethepuppets’shadowsclearly.Thentheymovethepuppetsaroundanddothevoicesofthedifferentroles.NowbecauseofTVandfilms,shadowpuppetplaysarenotaspopularasbefore.Butthebasicprinciple(原理)andwaysofshadowperformanceplayedanimportantroleintheinventionofthemodernmovieandthedevelopmentofthemoviesandcartoons.Nowadays,theChineseshadowpuppetplayshavebeencollectedbymuseumsofmanycountriesintheworld.Itisthetreasureintheworldcultureandartfamily.24．Shadowpuppetplaywasverypopular________.A．betweentheyear907andtheyear960 B．beforetheTangandSongperiodsC．throughtheTangandSongperiods D．a(chǎn)ftertheTangandSongperiods25．________dothevoicesofthedifferentroles.A．Thepuppets B．Theplayers C．Theinventors D．Thescreen26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Shadowplayisanartofstorytellingtoentertainandinstruct.B．Thecolorsofeachshadowpuppethavedifferentmeanings.C．Shadowplayisregardedasthetreasureintheworldculture.D．Shadowplayisunimportantforthedevelopmentofcartoons.27．Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A．ShadowPlay—ATraditionalChineseArt B．TheHistoryofChineseShadowPlayC．HowtoPutonaShadowPlay D．TheStepstoMakeShadowPuppets【答案】24．C25．B26．D27．A【解析】文章主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)皮影戲，皮影戲在唐宋時(shí)期最流行，有著悠久的歷史，對(duì)現(xiàn)在的電影和動(dòng)畫也有著很重要的影響。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItwasverypopularinmanypartsofChinaduringtheTang(618907)andSong(9601279)periods.”可知，皮影戲在唐宋時(shí)期很受歡迎，故選C。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theplayersholdthepuppetsveryclosetothescreensotheaudiencecanseethepuppetsshadowsclearly.Thentheymovethepuppetsaroundanddothevoicesofthedifferentroles.”可知，演員做不同角色的聲音，故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butthebasicprinciple(原理)andwaysofshadowperformanceplayedanimportantroleintheinventionofthemodernmovieandthedevelopmentofthemoviesandcartoons.”可知，皮影戲的基本原理對(duì)卡通電影的發(fā)展起到了重要的作用，所以D表述錯(cuò)誤，故選D。27．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)皮影戲，故選A。Passage7（2021·浙江·慈溪市上林初級(jí)中學(xué)九年級(jí)期中）Americansoftentrytosaythingsasquicklyaspossible.So,forsomeexpressions,weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsayingeachword.Manymonexpressionsorlongnamesareshortenedthisway.BYOBisashortwayofsaying,“BringYourOwnBottle.”ThelettersBYOBareoftenfoundatthebottomofawritteninvitationtoasimplesocialeventorgatheringoffriends.Forexample,let’ssayIhadaNewYear’sEveparty.Imightincludeontheinvitation,“PleaseetomypartyandBYOB．”Thebottleeachpersonbringsiswhatthepersonwantstodrinkatthepartyorwantstoshare.However,aninvitationtoaspecialeventsuchasaweddingwouldneversayBYOB．Aninvitationtoanofficialorveryspecialeventoftenhasotherletterswrittenatthebottom.ThelettersareRSVP.TheselettersrepresenttheFrenchexpression,“RepondezS’ilVousPlait.”InEnglishthewordsmean,“RespondIfItPleasesYou.”Americansusethelettersasashortwaytosay,“Pleaseanswerthisinvitation.”AnotherexpressionusuallyusedforbusinessandnotpartiesisASAP.So,acolleaguemightsaysheneedssomethingdoneASAP.Itmeansassoonaspossible.ShemightalsoneedsomethingdonebyCOB．Thatmeansshewantstofinishitby“CloseOfBusiness”ortheendoftheworkday.Beginninglettersareoftenusedtorepresentthenamesofuniversities.AfamousoneisMIT.ThatisshortfortheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.AnothermajoruniversityisUCLLA．Almostnooneeversaysitsrealname,theUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles.Thattakeswaytoolong!28．WhyaresomemonexpressionsorlongnamesshortenedbyAmericans?A．Becauseit’seasytoread. B．Becauseitisquicktosay.C．Becauseitsoundsgood. D．Becauseit’sfasttowrite.29．RSVPmightbewritten________.A．a(chǎn)tthetopofaninvitationtoabusinesspartyB．a(chǎn)tthetopofaninvitationtoaweddingC．a(chǎn)tthebottomofaninvitationtoanofficialeventD．a(chǎn)tthebottomofaninvitationtoyourfriend’sparty30．Ifyouwanttochangeatopicwhenyouaretalkingwithsomeone,youmaysay________.A．BTW B．IDK C．TBH D．OMG31．What’sthepurposeofthispassage?A．Tointroduceashortwayofsaying.B．Toteachushowtosaysomethinginashortway.C．Totelluswhyweshouldsaysomethinginashortway.D．Toencourageustosaysomethinginashortway.【答案】28．B29．C30．A31．A【解析】本文講述了在美國日常生活中，人們?yōu)榱朔奖憬?jīng)常使用省略說法，并詳細(xì)列舉了諸多例子加以說明。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Americansoftentrytosaythingsasquicklyaspossible.So,forsomeexpressions,weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsayingeachword”可知，美國人常常試圖說得盡可能快。所以，對(duì)于一些表達(dá)，會(huì)把一些常用語或長名字縮短。故選B。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aninvitationtoanofficialorveryspecialeventoftenhasotherletterswrittenatthebottom.ThelettersareRSVP.”可知，RSVP.常出現(xiàn)在官方活動(dòng)或非常特殊的活動(dòng)的邀請(qǐng)函的底部。故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“weusethefirstlettersofthewordsinsteadofsayingeachword”可知，美國人常使用單詞的首字母來代替說每個(gè)單詞，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，BTW是ByTheWay的縮寫，表示“順便提及”；IDK是IDon’tKnow的縮寫表示“我不知道”；TBH是tobehonest的縮寫，表示“老實(shí)說”；OMG是ohmygod的縮寫，表示“我的天啊”；想要轉(zhuǎn)換話題的話，應(yīng)該用“順便說一下”bytheway。故選A。31．推理判斷題。本文講述了在美國日常生活中，人們?yōu)榱朔奖憬?jīng)常使用省略說法，并詳細(xì)列舉了諸多例子加以說明和介紹，由此可知，本文主要是向我們介紹美國一種簡(jiǎn)短的說法。故選A。Passage8（2021·江西·臨川一中九年級(jí)月考）TheLanternFestivalfallsonthe15thofthefirstmonthofthelunarcalendar（陰歷）.Thisdayisalwaysthefirstfullmooninthenewyear.AncientpeoplealsocalleditShangyuanFestival.CelebrationsandtraditionsonthisdaybeganfromtheHanDynasty（朝代）andbecamepopularintheTangDynasty.Watchingtheredlanternsisoneofthemaintraditions.Lanternsofdifferentshapesandsizesareusuallyputontrees,oralongriverbanksonshow.ItissaidthatskylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenhewasintrouble.Today,whenthelanternsslowlyriseintotheair.Anothertraditionisguessinglanternriddles（謎語）.Theriddlesareusuallyshort,wise（漢字）,afamousperson’sname,oraplacename.Themostimportantthingistoeatsweetdumplingswithdifferenttastes.InnorthernChina,theyarecalledyuanxiaowhileinsouthernpartthey’renamedtangyuan.Becausemakingsweetdumplingsislikeagameoranactivity,theyareusuallydonehappilybyagroupoffriendsorfamilymembers.Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic（浪漫的）.Watchinglanternsgaveyoungpeopleachancetomeeteachother.AlinefromXinQiji,showsthis:HundredsandthousandsoftimesIsearchedforherinthecrowd.SuddenlyIturned,andthereshestood,inthedim（昏暗的）.32．WhendidcelebrationsandtraditionsoftheLanternFestivalstartfrom?A．TheHanDynasty. B．TheTangDynasty. C．TheSongDynasty. D．TheYuanDynasty.33．WhatwereskylanternsfirstusedforbyZhugeKongminginancienttimes?A．Makingwishes. B．Celebratingbirthdays.C．Encouragingthesoldiers. D．Askingforhelp.34．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutsweetdumplings?A．Theyhavedifferenttastes.B．Theyarenamed“yuanxiao”alloverthecountry.C．Peopleenjoytheprocessofmakingthem.D．AtLanternFestivalpeopleeatsweetdumplings.35．ThelinefromXinQijiinthepassageshowstheLanternFestivalwas________inoldtimes.A．boring B．humorous C．romantic D．exciting【答案】32．A33．D34．B35．C【解析】本文主要介紹了中國元宵節(jié)的由來，習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CelebrationsandtraditionsonthisdaybeganfromtheHanDynasty（朝代）andbecamepopularintheTangDynasty.”可知這一天的慶祝活動(dòng)和傳統(tǒng)始于漢代，故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItissaidthatskylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenhewasintrouble.”可知孔明燈最初是諸葛亮在遇到困難時(shí)用來求助的，故選D。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“InnorthernChina,theyarecalledyuanxiaowhileinsouthernpartthey’renamedtangyuan.”南方叫湯圓，并不是全國都叫元宵。故選B。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic（浪漫的）....AlinefromXinQiji,showsthis:HundredsandthousandsoftimesIsearchedforherinthecrowd.SuddenlyIturned,andthereshestood,inthedim（昏暗的）.”“我無數(shù)次在人群中尋找她。突然我轉(zhuǎn)過身來，她就站在那里，在那個(gè)昏暗的地方。”可知元宵節(jié)也很浪漫。故選C。Passage9（2021·浙江·蕭山北干初中九年級(jí)月考）ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.GrainRain（谷雨）,asthelastterminspring,startsonApril19andendsonMay4.GrainRainesfromtheoldsaying,“Rainbringsupthegrowthofhundredsofgrains”,whichshowsthatthisperiodofrainfall

isveryimportantforthegrowthofcrops.Here’ssomethingthatyou

maynotknowabouttheGrainRain.HighertemperatureGrainRainfallsbetweentheend

ofspringandthebeginningofsummer,andthetemperature

risesmuchhigherthanitdoesinMarch.Withdrysoilandheavy

winds,sandstormsmayhappenmoreoften.DrinkingteaThereisan

oldcustominsouthern

ChinathatpeopledrinkteaonthedayofGrainRain.SpringteaduringGrainRainisgoodforthe

eyes.It

isalsosaidthatdrinkingteaonthisdaywouldpreventbadluck.Eatingtoonasinensis(香椿)PeopleinnorthernChinahavethetraditiontoeatthevegetabletoonasinensisduringGrainRain.AnoldChinesesayinggoes“toonasinensisbeforetherainisastenderassilk”（嫩如絲）.Thevegetableisgoodforthestomachandskin.TheGrainRainFestivalTheGrain

RainFestivaliscelebratedby

fishing

villagesinnorthernChina.GrainRainmarksthestartofthefishermen’sfirstvoyage（航行）ofthe

year.Thecustomdatesbacktomorethan2000yearsago,whenpeoplebelievedtheyowedagoodharvesttothegods,whoprotectedthemfromthestormyseas.36．HowmanypiecesofinformationdoesthepassagegiveaboutGrainRainthatwemaynotknow?A．2 B．3 C．4 D．537．WhichdayisinGrainRain?A．April13 B．April25 C．May6 D．May1938．Whichofthefollowingisnotthebenefitofeatingthevegetabletoonasinensis?A．Keepingyourskinsmooth B．MakingyourstomachstrongC．Tastingreallygood D．Breathingsmoothly39．InthecoastalareasofnorthernChina,theGrainRainFestivalmeans_________.A．eatingthevegetables B．thestartofthefishermen’sfirstvoyageoftheyearC．thestartoftheheavyrain D．thestartofdrinkingtea【答案】36．C37．B38．D39．B【解析】谷雨是24節(jié)氣之一，源于古語“雨生百谷”，說明這一時(shí)期的降雨對(duì)農(nóng)作物的生長非常重要。文中介紹了關(guān)于谷雨的一些風(fēng)俗。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文第二段到第五段，分別介紹了關(guān)于谷雨的一些信息，包括Highertemperature、Drinkingtea、Eatingtoonasinensis(香椿)和TheGrainRainFestival，一共四條。故選C。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“GrainRain（谷雨）,asthelastterminspring,startsonApril19andendsonMay4.”可知，谷雨從4月19日到5月4日。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，4月25日處在谷雨這個(gè)節(jié)氣中。故選B。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AnoldChinesesayinggoes“toonasinensisbeforetherainisastenderassilk”.Thevegetableisgoodforthestomachandskin.”可知，谷雨時(shí)節(jié)吃香椿，香椿對(duì)胃和皮膚好，A、B和C都符合文意。故選D。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“GrainRainmarksthestartofthefishermen'sfirstvoyage（航行）oftheyear.”可知，在中國的東部沿海地區(qū)，谷雨標(biāo)志著漁民一年第一次航行的開始。故選B。Passage10（2021·河北·獻(xiàn)縣教育體育局教研室九年級(jí)期末）EnglishisbeingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Itcanbeusedineveryfield,suchasonsomesignsandrestaurantmenus.Buttherea