2023-2024學年山東省濟南市高一上學期學情檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟南市2023-2024學年高一上學期學情檢測英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AVolunteerTeachersinMalawiWho※Teachersortrainee(實習)teachersofanysubjectatanylevel,althoughwewillalsoconsiderpeopleofotherjobswhohavebeeneducatedtodegreelevel.※From23yearsoldwithatleastoneyear’steachingexperience.WorkingPeriodAnyperiodofstayispossible,althoughweencourageatleastfourweeks.ProjectsKapandaCommunityDaySecondarySchool※A30-minutebicycleridefromMwayaBeach;※Fourschoolyears,includingForms1to4;※Typicalagesare14to19yearsold;※Eachclasshasabout50studentswithitsownclassroom;※AllsubjectsaretaughtinEnglish.MwayaPrimarySchoolPrimaryschoolsinMwayaarefreeandopentoall.Assecondaryeducationishighlycompetitiveandexpensive,thisisoftentheonlyeducationstudentsinpoorareasreceive.※A10-minutewalkfromMwayaBeach;※About1,200pupils;※Eightschoolyears,includingStandards1to8;※Typicalagesare5to15years;※Classsizesarefrom100to150;※LessonsaretaughtinEnglishfromStandard5upwards,whichcanbedifficultforvolunteerswithstudentswhoarejustlearningtospeak,writeandunderstandEnglish.PleasenotethatvolunteersarenottheretotakethejobsofMalawianteachersandgivelessons,buttheyaretheretohelpthelocalteachersandstudents.HowtoApplyPleasegoto,andcompletetheonlineformifyouareinterestedinbecomingavolunteerteacher.1.Whatisrequiredofthevolunteerteachers?A.AnEnglishEducationdegree. B.Oneyear’svolunteerexperience.C.Stayingforoverfourweeks. D.Beingatleast23yearsold.2.HowisthePrimarySchooldifferentfromtheSecondarySchool?A.ItisfarawayfromMwayaBeach. B.Itdoesn’tofferEnglishclasses.C.Itdoesn’thavebigclasses. D.Itseducationiseasyforthepoortoget.3.Whatarevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Givelessonstolocalstudents. B.Actashelperstolocalteachers.C.Helpwiththeteachertraining. D.Takethejoboflocalteachers.〖答案〗1.D2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是一則招聘去馬拉維的志愿者老師的啟事?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Who”下面的“From23yearsoldwithatleastoneyear’steachingexperience.(23歲以上，至少有一年的教學經(jīng)驗。)”可知，志愿者老師的年齡至少要23歲。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MwayaPrimarySchool”下面的“PrimaryschoolsinMwayaarefreeandopentoall.Assecondaryeducationishighlycompetitiveandexpensive,thisisoftentheonlyeducationstudentsinpoorareasreceive.(Mwaya的小學是免費的，對所有人開放。由于中等教育競爭激烈且費用高昂，這往往是貧困地區(qū)學生接受的唯一教育。)”可知，Mwaya的小學對所有人免費，這往往是貧困地區(qū)學生能夠接受的唯一教育，而中學競爭激烈且費用昂貴，所以二者的不同就在于：小學教育能夠讓窮人容易得到。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中倒數(shù)第二段的“PleasenotethatvolunteersarenottheretotakethejobsofMalawianteachersandgivelessons,buttheyaretheretohelpthelocalteachersandstudents.(請注意，志愿者不是來承擔馬拉維教師的工作和授課的，而是來幫助當?shù)亟處熀蛯W生的。)”可知，志愿者來這里是幫助當?shù)亟處熀蛯W生的，即充當當?shù)亟處煹闹?。故選B。BIamsittingatthetableinmyfavoriteBostonbookstore-café,laptopopen,writing.TenminutesagoIorderedcoffee.Theserver—ayoung,dark-hairedwomanwithabroadsmileandglasses—stoppedandquietlysaid,“IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome,youhelpedmefindoutwhatIreallywantedtodowithmylife—gotomedicalschool—andthenyouhelpedmedowhatIneededtodotogetthere.Thankyou.”Tearsinmyeyes,Iasked,“What’syourname?”“Fetaine,”shesaid.ThenwetalkedforthenexttenminutesaboutFetaine’schallengesinthepastandnew-foundexcitementaboutherfuture.Everyonewhocommunicateswithmeisspecialandmemorable,butthiskindofcommunicationhappensfarmoreoftenthanI’deverhaveexpected:astrangerwarmlygreetsme,sharesapersonalstoryabouthowtheysuccessfullydealtwithdifficulties,andthensimplythanksmeformypartinit.Theyarewomenandmen,oldandyoung,poorandwealthy.Butsomethingconnectsthem:allhavefeltpowerlessinthefaceofgreatpressureandanxiety(焦慮),andalldiscoveredaquitesimplewaytofreethemselvesfromthatfeelingofpowerlessness.Formostwriters,thebookcomesfirst,thentheresponses.Forme,itwastheotherwayaround.First,IperformedexperimentsthatledtoatalkIgaveattheTEDGlobalconferencein2012.Inthattalk,Idiscussedsomeinterestingfindingsabouthowwecanquicklyincreaseourconfidenceanddecrease(減輕)ouranxietyinchallengingsituations.IalsosharedmyowntroublesandhowIlearnedtobecomemoreconfident.Soonafterthetwenty-one-minutevideoofthetalkwaspostedontheInternet,Ibeganhearingfrompeoplewhohadseenit.Ofcourse,watchingmytalkdidn’tmagicallygiveFetainetheknowledgesheneededtodowellonMedicalCollegeAdmissionTest.Butitmayhavehelpedhergetoutofthefearthatcouldhavepreventedherfromexpressingthethingssheknew.4.WhathappenedintheBostonbookstore-café?A.Thewriterwaitedtenminutesforhercoffee.B.Thewritercameacrossafriendofhers.C.Awaitressexpressedherthankstothewriter.D.AwaitressencouragedthewritertogiveaTEDtalk.5.Whatdothosepeoplewhocommunicatewiththewriterhaveincommon?A.Theyoncefacedproblemsandfelthelpless.B.Theysharedpersonalstoriesaboutstrangers.C.Theywerefamousbutundergreatpressure.D.Theywereafraidtocommunicatewithothers.6.Whatmaybethethemeofthewriter’stalkin2012?A.Howtoincreaseconfidence. B.Howtoperformmeaningfulexperiments.C.Howtoovercomeanxietyinatalk. D.Howtofindinterestingthingsinlife.7.HowdidthewriterinfluenceFetaineinthewriter’seyes?A.ShegaveFetainepowertolooktothefuture.B.ShehelpedFetainewithherknowledge.C.SheadvisedFetainetogotomedicalschool.D.ShehelpedFetainetogetagoodjob.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.A7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者的TED演講視頻幫助了許多在生活中面臨著壓力和焦慮的人?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theserver—ayoung,dark-hairedwomanwithabroadsmileandglasses—stoppedandquietlysaid,‘IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome,youhelpedmefindoutwhatIreallywantedtodowithmylife—gotomedicalschool—andthenyouhelpedmedowhatIneededtodotogetthere.Thankyou.’(服務(wù)員——一個年輕的黑發(fā)女人，臉上掛著燦爛的笑容，戴著眼鏡——停了下來，平靜地說：‘我只想對你說你的TED演講對我來說有多重要，你幫我找到了我一生中真正想做的事情——上醫(yī)學院——然后你幫我做了我到那一步所需要做的事情。謝謝你?！?”可知，在波士頓書店咖啡館中，一位女服務(wù)員向作者表達了感謝，作者的TED演講對她產(chǎn)生了重大影響。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butsomethingconnectsthem:allhavefeltpowerlessinthefaceofgreatpressureandanxiety(焦慮),andalldiscoveredaquitesimplewaytofreethemselvesfromthatfeelingofpowerlessness.(但是他們之間有某種聯(lián)系：所有人在面對巨大的壓力和焦慮時都感到無能為力，并且都發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種非常簡單的方法來將自己從那種無能為力的感覺中解放出來。)”可知，所有和作者進行交流的人都有一個共同點：他們都曾遇到過問題并且感覺無能為力。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Inthattalk,Idiscussedsomeinterestingfindingsabouthowwecanquicklyincreaseourconfidenceanddecrease(減輕)ouranxietyinchallengingsituations.(在那次演講中，我討論了一些有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)，即我們?nèi)绾卧诔錆M挑戰(zhàn)的情況下快速增加信心和減少焦慮。)”可知，作者在2012年的演講中討論的是我們?nèi)绾卧诔錆M挑戰(zhàn)的情況下快速增加信心和減少焦慮。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ofcourse,watchingmytalkdidn’tmagicallygiveFetainetheknowledgesheneededtodowellonMedicalCollegeAdmissionTest.Butitmayhavehelpedhergetoutofthefearthatcouldhavepreventedherfromexpressingthethingssheknew.(當然，看我的演講并不能神奇地給Fetaine提供她在醫(yī)學院入學考試中取得好成績所需要的知識。但它可能幫助她擺脫了恐懼，這種恐懼可能會阻止她表達她所知道的事情。)”可知，作者的演講幫助Fetaine擺脫了恐懼，讓她有勇氣去表達自己。再結(jié)合第一段中的“Theserver—ayoung,dark-hairedwomanwithabroadsmileandglasses—stoppedandquietlysaid,‘IjustwanttotellyouhowmuchyourTEDtalkmeanttome,youhelpedmefindoutwhatIreallywantedtodowithmylife—gotomedicalschool—andthenyouhelpedmedowhatIneededtodotogetthere.Thankyou.’(服務(wù)員——一個年輕的黑發(fā)女人，臉上掛著燦爛的笑容，戴著眼鏡——停了下來，平靜地說：‘我只想對你說你的TED演講對我來說有多重要，你幫我找到了我一生中真正想做的事情——上醫(yī)學院——然后你幫我做了我到那一步所需要做的事情。謝謝你?！?”可知，F(xiàn)etaine感謝作者的演講幫助她找到了自己真正想做的事情。由此可推測出，作者給予了Fetaine面對未來所需的力量。故選A。CPlasticislow-costandlong-lasting.Itisnoteasilydegraded(降解)becausenaturaldegradationprocessescan’tdealwithitschemicalcomponents(成分).Ittakesinotherocean-presentharmfulsubstances.Thesechemicalanddangerouscomponentsaregraduallygotintotheatmospherewithadditivessuchascolor,whichturnsouttobereallyharmfulwhentheplasticbreaksdown.ThedesignanddevelopmentofnewplasticproductswasspedupafterWorldWarII.Lifewithoutplasticseemedimpossibleinthemodernage.Buteventhoughplasticwasquiteconvenient,thedarksideofitwasseenaspeoplebegantoenjoythethrow-awaycommunity.Manyplasticproducts,suchasplasticbags,havealifetimeofafewminutestohours.However,they’llstayintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears.Wearedestroyingtheveryworldthatnurturedus.Just9%ofplastichasbeenrecycledand12%burntafterproductionroseinthe1950s,whichleavesabout79%ofthe8.3billiontonsproducedsittinginlandfills(垃圾填埋場)ordamagingourfields,oceans,andwaterways.Andeachyeartheplasticendsupascontaminants.Sotobeatplasticpollution,weneedtoworktogether.Whileplasticburningreducestheamountofwastedumpedintooceansandlands,harmfulgasesarestillproduced,whichalsoleadstogreenhousegases.However,ifwemakeafirmdecisionandusemodernwastemanagementmethods,wewillbeabletocreateasafeandhealthyworld.Itishightimethatweasresponsibleglobalcitizens,tookonthedutyofprotectingourenvironmentandmadegreateffortinsavingourmotherearth,insteadofjustleavingeverythingtoourgovernment.So,ladiesandgentlemen,let’smakeapromisetosuccessfullydealwithplasticwasteandprotectourworldfromallpossiblerisks.8.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Theharmofplastic. B.Theconvenienceofplastic.C.Theprotectionofplastic. D.Theuseofplastic.9.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter’sfeelinginParagraph2?A.Happy. B.Worried. C.Excited. D.Relaxed.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants”inParagraph3mean?A.Thingsthatcausepollution. B.Thingsthatproduceplastic.C.Thingsthatcostmoney. D.Thingsthathelppeople.11.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Ashortstory. B.Aspeech. C.Anewspaper. D.Anotice.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇演講稿，屬于應(yīng)用文體，主要講述了塑料對環(huán)境的危害，并倡議大家擔起責任處理塑料廢物、保護地球?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itisnoteasilydegraded(降解)becausenaturaldegradationprocessescan’tdealwithitschemicalcomponents(成分).Ittakesinotherocean-presentharmfulsubstances.Thesechemicalanddangerouscomponentsaregraduallygotintotheatmospherewithadditivessuchascolor,whichturnsouttobereallyharmfulwhentheplasticbreaksdown.(因為自然降解過程不能處理其化學成分，所以它不易降解。它吸收其他海洋中存在的有害物質(zhì)。這些化學成分和危險成分隨著色劑等添加劑逐漸進入大氣中，而當塑料分解時，著色劑就變得非常有害。)”可知，塑料的化學成分不能在自然中降解，它吸收有害物質(zhì)，塑料中的化學成分和危險成分會進入大氣，污染大氣環(huán)境。由此可推測出，第一段主要講述了塑料的害處。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Wearedestroyingtheveryworldthatnurturedus.(我們正在摧毀養(yǎng)育我們的世界。)”可知，作者認為我們使用塑料是在摧毀我們賴以生存的世界，由此可推測出，作者對這種現(xiàn)狀感到擔憂。故選B?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后一句“Sotobeatplasticpollution,weneedtoworktogether.(所以，為了防止塑料污染，我們需要共同努力。)”可知，塑料會產(chǎn)生污染，由此可推測出，畫線詞所在句表達的是每年塑料最終都會成為污染物。contaminants意為“污染物”，與A項意思最接近。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So,ladiesandgentlemen,let’smakeapromisetosuccessfullydealwithplasticwasteandprotectourworldfromallpossiblerisks.(所以，女士們，先生們，讓我們承諾會成功地處理塑料廢物，保護我們的世界免受一切可能的風險。)”可知，文章在最后一段呼吁大家要承諾處理塑料廢物，保護環(huán)境，并以“l(fā)adiesandgentlemen”引起大家的注意，由此可推測出，這是一篇面對觀眾發(fā)表的演講。故選B。DAlllanguageschangeovertime.Newvocabularyisoftenrequiredforthelatestinventionsorideas.Butalanguagecanalsochangeforreasonsthatarenotclear.Languagechangeswheneverspeakerscommunicatewitheachother.Peoplefromdifferentplacesclearlyspeakdifferently,butevenwithinthesamesmallcommunity,peoplespeakdifferentlydependingontheirage,origin,andsocialandeducationalbackground.Whenwecommunicatewiththesedifferentspeakers,indifferentsituations,wehearnewwordsandexpressions,andcanmakethemapartofourownspeech.Evenifyourfamilyhaslivedinthesameareaforgenerations,youcanprobablyseeanumberofdifferencesbetweenthelanguageyouuseandthewayyourgrandparentsspeak.Whenenoughtimehaspassed,theinfluenceofthesechangesbecomesclearer.Duringthe18thcentury,JonathanSwift,theIrishwriter,andmanyotherpeoplefelttheEnglishlanguagewasinseriousdecline(衰落)andthatanationalorganization—likethoseinFranceandItaly—shouldbecreatedtosavethelanguage.Swiftoncewrotethatweshouldfindawaytostopourlanguagefromchanging.Eventoday,wehearpeoplecomplainingaboutalackof“standards(標準)”inspokenandwrittenEnglish.Newwordsandexpressions,orchangesingrammar,areoftenconsideredbad.Moreexpertsbelievethatchangeinlanguageisunavoidable.Changeisawayofkeepingalanguagealiveanduseful,andgivesspeakersdifferentwaysofsayingthingswithextremelysmalldifferencesofmeaningandwaysofexpressingcompletelynewideas.TheorganizationssetupinFranceandItalyhavehadlittlesuccessinreducingtheamountofchangeinFrenchorItalian.In1747,SamuelJohnsonwroteabouthisdesiretowriteadictionarythatwouldfixthepronunciationofEnglishandkeepitpure(純正的).Butwhenhecompletedthedictionarytenyearslater,headmittedinhisintroductionthatfixingalanguagewasimpossible.Likeitornot,languageisalwayschangingandEnglishwillgoondoingsoinmanycreativeand—tosomepeople—annoyingways.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Somepeoplelearntospeakbetterthanothers.B.Theyouthshouldlearnfromtheirgrandparents.C.Languagechangeisgreatlyinfluencedbypeople.D.Languagechangeslittleifpeoplestayinthesameplace.13.WhatdoesJonathanSwiftthinkoflanguagechange?A.Hethinksitishopeful. B.Hethinksitisunclear.C.Heagreesonthechange. D.Hedoesn’tagreeonthechange.14.WhydidSamuelJohnsondecidetowriteadictionary?A.Tocreatesomenewwords. B.Toincludesomeforeignwords.C.TokeepEnglishpurefromchanges. D.TorecordthechangesinEnglish.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whydoeslanguagechange? B.WrittenEnglishneedsstandards.C.Doeslanguagechangeinfluencesociety? D.Howtoprotectthelanguage.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了語言是變化的，并分析了其變化的原因。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Languagechangeswheneverspeakerscommunicatewitheachother.Peoplefromdifferentplacesclearlyspeakdifferently,butevenwithinthesamesmallcommunity,peoplespeakdifferentlydependingontheirage,origin,andsocialandeducationalbackground.Whenwecommunicatewiththesedifferentspeakers,indifferentsituations,wehearnewwordsandexpressions,andcanmakethemapartofourownspeech.(當說話者彼此交流時，語言就會改變。來自不同地方的人說話顯然不同，但即使在同一個小社區(qū)里，人們的說話方式也會因年齡、出身、社會和教育背景的不同而不同。當我們在不同的情況下與這些不同的說話者交流時，我們聽到了新的單詞和表達，并可以把它們變成我們自己講話的一部分。)”可知，人們的說話方式會因年齡、出身、社會和教育背景的不同而不同。我們在與不同的人交流時會受到影響，語言也就發(fā)生了變化。所以語言的變化受人的影響很大。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Duringthe18thcentury,JonathanSwift,theIrishwriter,andmanyotherpeoplefelttheEnglishlanguagewasinseriousdecline(衰落)andthatanationalorganization—likethoseinFranceandItaly—shouldbecreatedtosavethelanguage.Swiftoncewrotethatweshouldfindawaytostopourlanguagefromchanging.(在18世紀，愛爾蘭作家喬納森·斯威夫特和其他許多人都認為英語正在嚴重衰落，應(yīng)該像法國和意大利那樣建立一個全國性的組織來拯救英語。斯威夫特曾經(jīng)寫道，我們應(yīng)該找到一種方法來阻止我們的語言變化。)”可知，喬納森·斯威夫特不贊同語言的變化。故選D項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“In1747,SamuelJohnsonwroteabouthisdesiretowriteadictionarythatwouldfixthepronunciationofEnglishandkeepitpure(純正的).(1747年，塞繆爾·約翰遜寫道，他希望編寫一本能糾正英語發(fā)音并保持純正的詞典)”可知，為了保持英語的純正，讓其不受變化的影響，塞繆爾·約翰遜決定編寫一本詞典。故選C項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Alllanguageschangeovertime.Newvocabularyisoftenrequiredforthelatestinventionsorideas.Butalanguagecanalsochangeforreasonsthatarenotclear.(所有的語言都會隨著時間而改變。最新的發(fā)明或想法往往需要新的詞匯。但是一種語言也會因為一些不清楚的原因而改變。)”和第二段中“Languagechangeswheneverspeakerscommunicatewitheachother.(當說話者彼此交流時，語言就會改變。)”可知，文章提出語言是變化的，并分析了其變化的原因。所以“Whydoeslanguagechange?(為什么語言會變化？)”是文章最佳標題。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Doyouhaveclothesinyourwardrobe(衣柜)thatyouneverwear?Doyoukeepthingsinyourcupboardsthatyouneveruse?Doyouhavebooksonyourshelvesthatyouneveropen?Andwhataboutthemessonthefloor?____16____Iftheanswertothesequestionsisyes,thenyou’renotalone.Mostofushavetoomuchstuff.Peoplewithuntidy,cluttered(雜亂的)roomshaveuntidyminds.____17____Thismakesthemunhappy.Thereisnodoubtthattoomuchstuffisbadforusandwehavetochange.Now,imaginethisbedroom:awhitefloor,abed,awardrobeandadeskandchair.That’sall.Itlookscalmandrelaxing.Thisistheminimaliststyle.Minimalistsbelievethattheydon’thavetoownalotofpossessions(物品)tobehappy.____18____Youareprobablyaskingatthispoint“DoIhavetogetridofallmyfavouritethings?”____19____Aminimalistroomistooextremeformostpeople,andpersonalpossessionslikephotosandbooksarecomfortingandhelpustofeelathome.____20____Considerthissimplerule:ifyoudon’tusesomethingforlongerthan6months,getridofit.Youhavetoregularlytidyandsortoutallthestuffinyourroom.Afterdecluttering,you’llhavemorespaceinyourwardrobeandcupboards.Nomore“Youmusttidyyourroom!”fromyourparents!Yourroomwilllookmorespacious(寬敞的)andyou’llfeelfree!A.Ofcoursetheansweristhatyoudon’t.B.Actually,theyenjoytheirmessyhome.C.Butoccasionaltidyingisn’tabadidea.D.Theytrytolivewithonlyessentialthings.E.Whydoyoukeepsomuchstuffinyourroom?F.Isitdifficulttofindthingswhenyouneedthem?G.Theycanfeelstressedandtheyfinditdifficulttorelax.〖答案〗16.F17.G18.D19.A20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了整理房間的好處和整理的規(guī)則?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Doyouhaveclothesinyourwardrobe(衣柜)thatyouneverwear?Doyoukeepthingsinyourcupboardsthatyouneveruse?Doyouhavebooksonyourshelvesthatyouneveropen?Andwhataboutthemessonthefloor?(你衣柜里有從來不穿的衣服嗎？你會在櫥柜里放一些你從來不用的東西嗎？你的書架上有沒有從未打開過的書？那地板上的臟亂怎么辦？)”以及后文“Iftheanswertothesequestionsisyes,thenyou’renotalone.Mostofushavetoomuchstuff.(如果這些問題的〖答案〗是肯定的，那么你并不孤單。我們大多數(shù)人都有太多的東西)”可知，本句與上文并列，都是針對找東西進行設(shè)問。故F選項“當你需要的東西很難找到嗎？”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Peoplewithuntidy,cluttered(雜亂的)roomshaveuntidyminds.(房間亂糟糟的人頭腦也不整潔)”可知，本句承接上文說明房間臟亂的人的感受。故G選項“他們會感到壓力，很難放松”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Now,imaginethisbedroom:awhitefloor,abed,awardrobeandadeskandchair.That’sall.Itlookscalmandrelaxing.Thisistheminimaliststyle.Minimalistsbelievethattheydon’thavetoownalotofpossessions(物品)tobehappy.(現(xiàn)在，想象一下這個臥室：白色的地板，一張床，一個衣柜，一張桌子和一把椅子。這是所有。它看起來平靜而放松。這是極簡風格。極簡主義者認為，他們不需要擁有很多東西就能快樂)”可知，上文提到極簡主義認為不需要擁有很多東西就能快樂，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)繼續(xù)說明極簡主義者的生活方式。故D選項“他們試著只和基本的東西生活”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youareprobablyaskingatthispoint“DoIhavetogetridofallmyfavouritethings?”(此時你可能會問：“我必須扔掉所有我最喜歡的東西嗎？”)”可知，本句是在回答上文的問題，故A選項“〖答案〗當然是你不知道”符合語境，故選A。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Aminimalistroomistooextremeformostpeople,andpersonalpossessionslikephotosandbooksarecomfortingandhelpustofeelathome.(一個極簡主義的房間對大多數(shù)人來說太極端了，像照片和書這樣的個人物品會讓我們感到舒適，并幫助我們有賓至如歸的感覺)”以及后文“Considerthissimplerule:ifyoudon’tusesomethingforlongerthan6months,getridofit.Youhavetoregularlytidyandsortoutallthestuffinyourroom.(考慮一下這個簡單的規(guī)則：如果你不使用超過6個月的東西，扔掉它。你必須定期整理和清理房間里的所有東西)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出整理的想法也不壞，故C選項“但偶爾整理一下也不是個壞主意”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnAugust23rd,mysonwasoutmountainbikingwithhisteacherandfriends.Asusual,wewerewaitingathome____21____lunchready.At12:15,hestillhadn’t____22____.Then,wegotthecallthathewasbadlyhurt.We____23____upthemountaininthecar.Hewasinthekindof____24____youneverwanttosee.WegothimtothehospitalforX-raystobetoldhiscollarbone(鎖骨)wasbroken.Collarbonesareespecially____25____totreat,asyoucan’tjustputtheminacast(石膏).Childrenhisagearemovingallthetime,____26____howwewouldbeabletostopanactive8-year-oldboyfrommovingforaminimumof5weekswasa____27____.Wegothima“figure-of-8”supportthatkeepsbothhisshouldersaligned(成一條直線).Itwasthebest____28____formakingsurethebonegrewbackstraight.Sleepingwasverypainfulforhim,andinthenextfew____29____everythingcamecrashingdown.Nosports.Noactivity.____30____birthdaypartyplans.Wegotintoanewnormalathome.Wefoundotherthingsforhimtodothatweren’t____31____,suchasreadingandmakingartwork.It____32____hisworldfrombeingthestrong,activekidtonotbeingabletodowhatheloved.However,hegraduallyadaptedtohisnewlife.Iwouldnever____33____an-injuryonanyone;yet,itisadirectwaytolearnhowtobepatientwithlife,withthebody,andwitheachother.My____34____lessonhasbeenthatmychildmayhavelearnedmorefromthisinjurythananythingelsehe’sgonethroughthisyear,and,____35____,itwillservehimforlife.21.A.at B.on C.with D.in22.A.workedout B.droppedby C.setout D.shownup23.A.walked B.raced C.rode D.flew24.A.anger B.stress C.pain D.shame25.A.easy B.hard C.rapid D.ready26.A.for B.though C.so D.unless27.A.challenge B.success C.condition D.promise28.A.goal B.choice C.part D.task29.A.hours B.days C.weeks D.months30.A.Designed B.Cancelled C.Created D.Divided31.A.mental B.physical C.relaxing D.interesting32.A.changed B.helped C.protected D.provided33.A.wish B.afford C.admire D.educate34.A.smallest B.slowest C.biggest D.worst35.A.normally B.exactly C.suddenly D.hopefully〖答案〗21.C22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C27.A28.B29.C30.B31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的兒子和他的老師和朋友們出去騎山地車結(jié)果受了重傷，鎖骨骨折。在治療期間，兒子從一個強壯，活躍的孩子變成了不能做他喜歡做的事，但兒子也從這次受傷中學到的東西，可能比他今年經(jīng)歷的任何事情都要多，作者希望這能讓他終生受益?！?1題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：像往常一樣，午飯準備好了，我們在家里等著。A.at在；B.on在上面；C.with和；D.in在里面。此處作伴隨狀語，表示“午飯準備好了”應(yīng)用介詞with。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：12點15分，他還沒有出現(xiàn)。A.workedout解決；B.droppedby順便來訪；C.setout出發(fā)；D.shownup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“Then,wegotthecallthathewasbadlyhurt.(然后，我們接到電話說他受了重傷)”可知，到了吃飯時間兒子沒有出現(xiàn)。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開車向山上跑去。A.walked散步；B.raced比賽，疾走；C.rode騎；D.flew飛。根據(jù)上文“Then,wegotthecallthathewasbadlyhurt.(然后，我們接到電話說他受了重傷)”可知兒子受了重傷，所以是開車向山上跑去，raceup表示“迅速向上跑”。故選B。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的痛苦是你永遠不想看到的。A.anger憤怒；B.stress壓力；C.pain痛苦；D.shame羞愧。呼應(yīng)后文“Sleepingwasverypainfulforhim”受了傷很痛苦。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鎖骨尤其難以治療，因為你不能直接把它們打上石膏。A.easy容易的；B.hard困難的；C.rapid快速的；D.ready準備好的。根據(jù)后文“asyoucan’tjustputtheminacast”可知，鎖骨尤其難以治療，因為你不能直接把它們打上石膏。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他這個年齡的孩子總是在動，所以我們?nèi)绾文軌蜃柚挂粋€活躍的8歲男孩至少5周不動是一個挑戰(zhàn)。A.for因為；B.though雖然；C.so所以；D.unless除非。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞so。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他這個年齡的孩子總是在動，所以我們?nèi)绾文軌蜃柚挂粋€活躍的8歲男孩至少5周不動是一個挑戰(zhàn)。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.success成功；C.condition條件；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)上文“Childrenhisagearemovingallthetime”可知，孩子總是在動，因此阻止一個活躍的8歲男孩至少5周不動是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是確保骨頭長直的最佳選擇。A.goal目標；B.choice選擇；C.part部分；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“Wegothima“figure-of-8”supportthatkeepsbothhisshouldersaligned.(我們給他做了一個“8字形”支架，讓他的雙肩保持一條直線)”可知，這個支架是確保骨頭長直的最佳選擇。故選B。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：睡覺對他來說很痛苦，在接下來的幾個星期里，一切都崩潰了。A.hours小時；B.days天；C.weeks周；D.months月。兒子一開始帶上支架不適應(yīng)，故在接下來的幾個星期里，一切都崩潰了，weeks最符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：取消了生日派對計劃。A.Designed設(shè)計；B.Cancelled取消；C.Created創(chuàng)造；D.Divided分開。根據(jù)上文“Nosports.Noactivity.(沒有運動。沒有活動)”可知，生日派對因為受傷而取消了。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?yōu)樗业搅似渌求w力活動，比如閱讀和創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品。A.mental心理的；B.physical身體的；C.relaxing放松的；D.interesting有趣的。根據(jù)后文“suchasreadingandmakingartwork”可知，閱讀和創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品是非體力活動。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這件事改變了他的世界，從一個強壯，活躍的孩子變成了不能做他喜歡做的事。A.changed改變；B.helped幫助；C.protected保護；D.provided提供。根據(jù)后文“hisworldfrombeingthestrong,activekidtonotbeingabletodowhatheloved”可知，受傷讓兒子從一個強壯，活躍的孩子變成了不能做他喜歡做的事。故選A。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從不希望任何人受到傷害；然而，這是一個學習如何對生活、對身體、對彼此保持耐心的直接方法。A.wish希望；B.afford買得起；C.admire欽佩；D.educate教育。根據(jù)后文“an-injuryonanyone;yet,itisadirectwaytolearnhowtobepatientwithlife,withthebody,andwitheachother”中yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明作者不希望任何人受傷，然而，這是一個學習如何對生活、對身體、對彼此保持耐心的直接方法。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我最大的教訓是，我的孩子從這次受傷中學到的東西，可能比他今年經(jīng)歷的任何事情都要多，希望這能讓他終生受益。A.smallest最小的；B.slowest最慢的；C.biggest最大的；D.worst最差的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)essonhasbeenthatmychildmayhavelearnedmorefromthisinjurythananythingelsehe’sgonethroughthisyear”可知，孩子從這次受傷中學到的東西，可能比他今年經(jīng)歷的任何事情都要多，這是作者得到最大的教訓。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我最大的教訓是，我的孩子從這次受傷中學到的東西，可能比他今年經(jīng)歷的任何事情都要多，希望這能讓他終生受益。A.normally正常地；B.exactly恰好地；C.suddenly突然；D.hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)后文“itwillservehimforlife.”可知是作者的希望，作者希望受傷能讓兒子終生受益。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everyyear,highschoolstudentsaged15-19fromallaroundtheworldmakeahuge____36____(decide).Theyleavetheirhomeandgotoanothercountry____37____(study)foruptoayear.Anexchangeyear____38____(know)asatimewhennewexperienceseducatestudentsabouta____39____(difference)wayoflife.Sometimestherewillbedifficultiesandbadmoments,butthosearethemomentswhenthestudentsgrowthemost.“Anexchangeyearisn’tayearinyourlife;itisalifeinayear,”saidIsabela,an18-year-oldexchangestudentfromBrazil.IsabelahasbeenlivinginSaintJosephthisyear.Heryeardidn’tstart____40____(exact)thewayshewashoping.Shehadtroublemaking____41____(friend)andshecouldn’tconnectwithherhostfamily.“Ihadthe____42____(bad)andthebesttimehere.Thebeginningwasterrible.Ididn’topenupandnoonetalkedtome.Iwasevenreadytogohomebeforetheyearended,”shesaid.Whentheyear2020started,Isabelachangedherhostfamilyand____43____(give)theU.Sonemorechance.Shealsochangedherattitude.Nowshehasagreatrelationshipwithherhostparentsandhasalotoffriends.Sheisenjoyinghertime.Exchangestudentsgrowalotduringtheirexchangeyearandtheyseetheworld____44____anewway.Theywillhavedifficultiestheyneedtoovercomeby_____45_____(they)buttheywillgobacktotheirhomemorematureandindependent.〖答案〗36.decision37.tostudy38.isknown39.different40.exactly41.friends42.worst43.gave44.in45.themselves【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了交換生的伊莎貝拉的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳析】考查名詞。句意：每年，世界各地15-19歲的高中生都會做出一個重大決定?！继崾尽皆~作賓語，結(jié)合空格前不定冠詞a可知，用單數(shù)名詞decision，意為“決定”。故填decision?！?7題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們離開家鄉(xiāng)，去另一個國家學習長達一年?！?study)”是“Theyleavetheirhomeandgotoanothercountry”的目的，用不定式作目的狀語。故填tostudy?！?8題詳析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：交換年被認為是一段新的經(jīng)歷教育學生不同的生活方式的時間。know(把……看作是)是主句謂語動詞，與主語Anexch