江蘇省如皋市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研試題含解析

PAGE28-江蘇省如皋市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研試題（含解析）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanasktheman?A.Whattowearforaparty.B.Whethertoattendaparty.C.Howtomakefriendsataparty.2.Whenwilltheboygotobed?A.At9:40.B.At9:50.C.At10:10.3Whatdidthemanthinkofthefestival?A.Mostofitwasgreat.B.Everythingaboutitwasexcellent.C.Thedancemusicwasbetterthanlastyear.4.WherewillthespeakerstakeJerryforlunch?A.Toarestaurant.B.Toacafe.C.Toabar.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Wheretoputthefridge.B.Whentobuyacupboard.C.Whethertomovethefridge.聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclassmate.C.Hisworkmate.7.WhereisQueensland?A.InCanada.B.InAmerica.C.InAustralia.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toaskforsomeadvice.B.Toapologizeforhismistake.C.Tosaythankstoher.9.Whyweretheman’sparentsangrywithhimlastweek?A.Herangthemupatmidnight.B.Hedidn’tgethomeuntilmidnight.C.Hegotintoafightwithhisclassmates.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whattimedoestheflightleave?A.At2:00p.m.B.At12:00noon.C.At10:00a.m.11.Whatisthewomangoingtodotoday?A.Writeareport.B.Visitacustomer.C.TalkwithMr.Smith.12.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atanexhibitioncenter.B.Atthehomeoffice.C.Atacoffeeshop.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Shewantstochooseagoodsport.B.Shecan’tfindthewaytoagym.C.Shewantstojoinagym.14.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Weight-lifting.B.Swimming.C.Dancing.15.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Bycheque.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?A.Meethimtomorrow.B.Bringhersportsshoes.C.Godancingthreetimesaweek.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeaker’spurposetogivethetalk?A.Totellaboutamuseumprogram.B.Toteachasciencelesson.C.Tointroduceamuseum.18.Whatwillchildrendothenextmorning?A.Haveacarrace.B.Watchafilm.C.Createscienceprojects.19.Whatwillthespeakerdoafterthetalk?A.Leaveforthemuseum.B.Showthelistenersaround.C.Answerthelisteners’questions.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Childrendon’tneedtobringanything.B.Childrenwilllearnaboutplasticnexttime.C.Childrenunder14aren’tallowedtotakepart.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThefollowingaresomeofthemostuniquecelebrationsfromallaroundtheworld.Songkran—ThailandIfyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.ThecelebrationmarksthebeginningoftheThaiNewYear,wherecleansingwithwaterismeanttopurifyandrenew.InBangkokorChangMai,thewaterfightscanlastuptosixdays.Whilethisisthemostpopularactivity,SongkranisalsoatimewhenpeoplevisiteldersandmonkstopaytheirrespectstotheNewYear.LaBatalladelVino—Haro,SpainJune29thisagooddaytovisitHaro,Spain.Bringabottleofredwineandpreparetobedrenched(濕透)inredwineintheheartofSpain’sgrape-growingregion.Afterachurchceremony,alargenumberofpeoplegetgatheredforthebattle,wherewhiteshirtswillbemadebrightpurplebytheendoftheday.BaytoBreakers—SanFrancisco,CaliforniaCreatedaftertheterrible1906earthquakeasawayofliftingpeople’sspirits,theracehasbecomeoneoftheregion’smostimportantevents.HostedeveryyearonthethirdSundayofMay,theracerunsapproximately12kmthroughthecity.Therealhighlight,however,isthethousandsofpeopledressedupinashow.Wearwhateveryouwant:Batmansuits,purplewigs(假發(fā))Koninginnedag—TheNetherlandsAlthoughtheirQueen’sbirthdayisactuallyduringthewinter,shecelebratesitonApril30—thecountry’sofficial“Queen’sDay”since1949.Orangeisthenationalcolor,andthestreetsbecomeaseaofshiningwigsandbodypaints,ascrowdsgatherinthesquares.Amsterdamisthecenterofthisoutdoorparty,butnearlyeverytownisalivewithorangeonthisday.1.Ifatouristenjoyswatersportsmost,wecanrecommend_____________.A.Songkran B.LaBatalladelVinoC.BaytoBreakers D.Koninginnedag2.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaytoBreakers?A.Theracebeganhundredsofyearsago.B.Themostexcitingpartisthe12kmrace.C.It’scelebratedbypeoplealloverthecountry.D.Itwastoencouragepeopleafterthedisaster.3.Accordingtothepassage,onKoninginnedag___________.A.peopleshouldwearformalclothesB.peopleshouldgettogetherathomeC.peopleattendthechurchceremonyD.peoplecanpaintthemselvesorange【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界各地的一些獨特的慶?；顒?。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Songkran—Thailand下面的關(guān)鍵句“Ifyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.”可知，Songkran（潑水節(jié)）里會有世界上最大的水戰(zhàn)。所以假如游客寵愛水上運動，可以去Songkran。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)BaytoBreakers—SanFrancisco,California下面的關(guān)鍵句“Createdaftertheterrible1906earthquakeasawayofliftingpeople’sspirits,theracehasbecomeoneoftheregion’smostimportantevents.”可知，BaytoBreakers（舊金山越灣長跑）是在1906地震后被創(chuàng)建的，目的是為了鼓舞災(zāi)難后人們。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Koninginnedag—TheNetherlands下面的關(guān)鍵句“Orangeisthenationalcolor,andthestreetsbecomeaseaofshiningwigsandbodypaints,ascrowdsgatherinthesquares.”可知，橙色是國家的顏色，人們會戴橙色的假發(fā)，也會把身體彩繪成橙色。再依據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“Amsterdamisthecenterofthisoutdoorparty,butnearlyeverytownisalivewithorangeonthisday.”可知，在那一天，幾乎每個城鎮(zhèn)都充溢了橙色，推斷可知，人們會在這一天把自己彩繪成橙色。故選D項?！军c睛】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題的解題方法：1.畫出題干關(guān)鍵詞；2.找尋文章中對應(yīng)關(guān)鍵句；3.分析選項，選出答案。例如本篇文章中的第一小題，題干關(guān)鍵詞為“enjoyswatersportsmost”，閱讀文章，鎖定文章其次段句子“Ifyou’reinThailandbetweenApril13thand15th,getreadyfortheworld’sbiggestwaterfight.”，依據(jù)句意可知，Songkran（潑水節(jié)）里會有世界上最大的水戰(zhàn)。所以假如游客寵愛水上運動，可以去Songkran，即可推斷出正確答案，故選A項。BWhenIawoke,itwasmorning.Itriedtostandup,butIcouldnotmove.Atfirst,Ithoughtthatyesterday’sdangershadmademybodytooweakandtootiredtomove.Then,suddenly,Iheardsomeverystrangenoises.AsIlistened,Iheardthesoundsofpeoplearoundme,butIcouldseenoone.“SoIamnotalonehere!ThankGod!”Ithought.Itriedtoturnmyhead,butIcouldnotmoveitinanydirection.IturnedmyeyesdowntolookatmybodyandsawthatIhadbeentieddowntothegroundwithhundredsofsmallropes.Justatthatmoment,Ifeltsomethingmovingupmyleg.ItwassmallandlightandIthoughtthatperhapsitwasasmallanimallikeamouseorsomething.Ifeltthethingtouchmychinandlookeddowntoseewhatsortofanimalwasclimbingonme.IhadneverbeenasshockedinmylifeasIwasatthatmoment.Standingonmychestwasatinyperson!Thelittlemanstoodonmychest,pulledoutatinysword,andpointeditatmyhead.AsIstaredathiminsurprise,thelittlemanshoutedsomethinginastrangelanguage.“Hekinahdegu!”hesaid.Ihadnoideawhatthismeant,butIguessedthatitwasnotafriendlygreeting.Ididnotknowwhattodo,butIwantedtogetfreefromtheropes.Imovedmybodybackandforth,tryingtobreaktheropes.WhenIfreedmyleftarm,thelittlepeoplebegantoshoutloudly.Quickly,Iusedmyarmtopullofftheropesthatheldmyheadtotheground.Amomentlater,hundredsofsmallarrowsflewthroughtheairandhitmyhandsandface.Theyfeltliketinyneedlesinmyskin.Ishoutedinpainandraisedmyhandstocovermyface.Manysmallmenjumpedontomybodyandbegantoattackmewiththeirswords.Iguessedtheywereangry.Iwastryingtoescapefromthem,soIdecidedthebestthingtodowasputmyhandsdownandliequietly.(AdaptedfromGulliver’sTravels)4.HowdidGulliverfeelwhenhearingsoundsofpeoplearoundhim?A.Frightened B.Dangerous C.Disappointed D.Delighted5.Whycouldn’tGullivermovewhenhewokeup?A.Hewastootiredandtooweak.B.Someonetiedhimtotheground.C.Hesankinthoughtafterawaking.D.Strangevoicescaughthisattention.6.WhatdoesParas4&5mainlytellus?A.Gulliver’swordscausedthetinymen’sanger.B.Gullivermanagedtodefeatthetinymenagain.C.Theyfailedtocommunicatewellwitheachother.D.Neitherofthemwaswillingtoreachanagreement.7.WhatcanbelearnedfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara6?A.Hewasafraidofthetinymen’ssecondattackanddecidedtoliestill.B.Hewantedtocalmthetinymendownandwaitedforanotherchance.C.Hewastiredafterfightingagainstthetinymenandwantedtohavearest.D.Hegotabetterunderstandingofhispresentsituationandgaveupatlast.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章改編自《格列佛游記》的段落。講解并描述了格列佛醒來之后，被小人國的人攻擊的情節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的AsIlistened,Iheardthesoundsofpeoplearoundme,butIcouldseenoone.“SoIamnotalonehere!ThankGod!”Ithought.(我聽到四周人的聲音，但是我看不到任何人。“所以我不是一個人在這里！感謝上帝！“我想。)可知當(dāng)格列佛聽到四周人的聲音時，是很興奮的，因為他知道這里不是只有他自己一個了。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句IturnedmyeyesdowntolookatmybodyandsawthatIhadbeentieddowntothegroundwithhundredsofsmallropes.(我轉(zhuǎn)動眼珠看我的身體，發(fā)覺我被幾百根小繩子綁在地上。)可知格列佛醒了就不能動了是因為有人把他綁在地上。故選B項。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段的Thelittlemanstoodonmychest,pulledoutatinysword,andpointeditatmyhead.(小個子站在我胸前，拔出一把小劍，指著我的頭。)及第五段的WhenIfreedmyleftarm,thelittlepeoplebegantoshoutloudly.Quickly,Iusedmyarmtopullofftheropesthatheldmyheadtotheground.(當(dāng)我松開我的左臂時，小個子們起先大聲喊叫。很快，我用我的手臂拉下了把我的頭固定在地上的繩子。)可知這兩段主要說明他們沒能很好地溝通。故選C項?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)劃線句的前一句Iguessedtheywereangry.Iwastryingtoescapefromthem(我猜他們很生氣。我正試圖逃離他們)及劃線的句子soIdecidedthebestthingtodowasputmyhandsdownandliequietly(所以我確定最好的方法就是把手放下，靜靜地躺下)中可以得知我揣測小人覺得我要逃跑，所以很生氣，因此可以推理出我想讓那些小人安靜下來，等待下一次機會。故選B項。CTherearetimeswhenIleaveformyrunning-groupsessionswithlittleenthusiasm.ItmightbebecauseI’mtired,orstressed,ordon’twanttoleavesomethingelse.ButI’mthecoach,soIcan’tchoosetogiveitamiss.Itwasyetanothercold,dark,weteveningandIwasn’tfeelingtheloveasIgatheredallthenecessaryequipment.Nooneintheirrightmindwillcomeoutinthisweather,Ithought.ButwhenIturnedintothecarpark,myheadlightspickedoutrunnersmakingadashthroughtheraintoourmeetingpoint,whereotherswerealreadyworkingouttostaywarm,withchat,laughterandhugs.They,too,Irealized,mightbetired,stressedorbusy.But,unlikeme,theyhadachoiceaboutwhethertocomerunningorstayathome.Andthatmakestheirdecisiontocomeandtokeeponcomingmoreencouraging.Then,IwenthomefromtherunfeelingbetterthanwhenI’darrived.Ibelieveoneofthestrongestmotivations(激勵；動機)behindtheserunners’decisionstocomealongisbeingpartofagroup.Belongingtoarunningcommunitymakesrunninggreaterthanrunningitself.It’snolongerjustaworkout;it’saget-togetherwithfriends,alaughandasharedexperience.Itprovidesachancetoshareyoursuccessanddisappointments,tobecongratulatedandcomforted,and,justasimportant,tocongratulateandcomfortothers.Researchhaslongshownthepossibilityofstayingmotivatedishigherwhenexercisetakesplaceinagroup.Thereasonsaremany.AstudyattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundpeopleenjoyphysicalactivitymorewhentheyarewithothersandaremorelikelytokeepitupoverthelongterm.AndresearchbyStravain2024foundrunninginagroupmaderunnersgofasterandfurther.Usingdatafrom90millionrunstakingplaceallovertheworld,Stravafoundthattheaveragepaceofrunstakingplaceinagroupwassevensecondspermilequickerthansoloruns,andthedistancecoveredwasanaverageof1.3milesfurther.Ijokeaboutpeoplebeingmoremotivatedtocometomyrunningsessionsbytheteaandbiscuitsafterwardsthanbytherunningitself.Itmightbetrue,butitdoesn’tmatter.Thoselaughter-filledminutesareeverybitasimportantastherunninginbetween.8.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Thecoachwasalwaysenthusiastic.B.Thecoachwasneverdiscouraged.C.Thecoachwassometimesunwilling.D.Thecoachwasoftenwornout.9Whyisbeingpartofagroupmostmotivational?A.Itneedsacoachwhocanofferhelp.B.Itfreesrunnersfromboringdailywork.C.Ithelpsmemberstobeattheirrecords.D.Itcreatesspacefortheircommunication.10.Thatbeinginagroupimprovesperformanceisprovenby_______.A.takingatypicalexample B.performinganexperimentC.listingaccuratedata D.sharinghisexperiences11.Teaandbiscuitsinrunningsessionsaremeantto_________.A.attractmorerunnersfromothergroupsB.buildupsomestrengthbeforerunningC.makehisrunninggroupstandoutofallD.addmorelifetotheirrunningexperience【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了一群人一起跑步能夠促進(jìn)他們在跑步中的表現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“TherearetimeswhenIsetoffformyrunning-groupsessionswithlittleenthusiasm.ItmightbebecauseI’mtired,orstressed,orhavehadtounwillinglytearmyselfawayfromsomethingelse.ButI’mthecoach(有幾次當(dāng)我起先為跑步課做打算時，幾乎沒有什么熱忱?？赡苁且驗槲依哿耍袎毫蛘弑匦璨磺樵傅刈屪约哼h(yuǎn)離其他事。但是我是教練)”可知，作者作為教練有時候不情愿。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Itprovidesachancetoshareyoursuccessanddisappointments,tobecongratulatedandcomforted,and,justasimportant,tocongratulateandcomfortothers.(它供應(yīng)了一個共享勝利和悲觀的機會，被慶賀，被勸慰，并且同樣重要的是，也慶賀、勸慰別人)”可知，作為團(tuán)隊的的一部分為溝通創(chuàng)建了空間，是最有激發(fā)性的因素。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Usingdatafrom90millionrunstakingplaceallovertheworld,Stravafoundthattheaveragepaceofrunstakingplaceinagroupwassevensecondspermilequickerthansoloruns,andthedistancecoveredwasanaverageof1.3milesfurther.(運用90名來自世界各地的跑步者的數(shù)據(jù)，Strava發(fā)覺，團(tuán)隊中的跑步者的平均步速比單獨的跑步者快7秒每米，跑的距離平均要遠(yuǎn)1.3米)”可知，作者援引了精確的數(shù)據(jù)來證明團(tuán)隊的促進(jìn)作用。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Ijokeaboutpeoplebeingmoremotivatedtocometomyrunningsessionsbytheteaandbiscuitsafterwardsthanbytherunningitself.(我開玩笑說，人們更情愿來參與我的跑步活動，是通過茶和餅干，而不是跑步本身)”可推知，跑步課上的茶和餅干是為了給他們的跑步體驗增加更多的活力。故選D項。DEatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyouburndoubletheamountofcaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.Itcouldbethekeytolosingweightwhilealsokeepingbloodsugarlevelssteady,researchersatLübeckUniversityinGermanysaid.Theirstudyfoundfillingupinthemorningboostsametabolism(新陳代謝)processknownasdiet-inducedthermogenesis(DIT).DITreferstothenumberofcaloriesthebodyexpendstoheatthebodyanddigestfood.Itwasshowntobetwiceashighforthosewhoatemoreatbreakfastthanatdinner.Ontheotherhand,alow-caloriebreakfastincreasesappetite(食欲),especiallyforsweets,theresearchersadmitted.ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolismwerebasedonalaboratoryexperimentof16men.Theyconsumedalowandhighcaloriebreakfastanddinneroneday—andthenviceversa(反過來)onanother.Thestudyalsoshowedincreasesinbloodsugarandinsulinconcentrations,causedbyeatingameal,wasreducedafterbreakfast,butnotsomuchafterdinner.Theresultsalsoshowedeatingalow-caloriebreakfastcausedsweetdesireswithahigherappetite.Thissuggeststhosesavingalltheircaloriesfortheendofthedaymayfaceconsequencesbecausetheysnackmore.Thestudyaddstoincreasingevidencethatthebestwayoflosingweightistoeatyourlargestmealinthemorning—andyoursmallestintheevening.DrRichter,aneurobiologistatLübeckUniversity,said,“Eatingmoreatbreakfastinsteadofdinnercouldpreventobesity(肥胖)andhighbloodsugar.”Bothobesityandhighbloodsugarcanleadtomanylife-threateningillnessesincludingcancer,cardiovasculardiseaseanddiabetes.PreviousresearchhasshownDITislowerinpeoplewithobesity.It’sseenasameasureofhowwellourmetabolismisworking.DITcandifferdependingonmealtimeandisgenerallyslowerintheeveningandatnightduetoourbodyclocks.DrRichtersaid,“Werecommendthatpatientswithobesityaswellashealthypeopleeatalargebreakfastratherthanalargedinnertoreducebodyweightandpreventmetabolicdiseases.”ProfessorDanielaJakubowicz,authorofTheBigBreakfastDiet,foundthatthosewhopiledonthecaloriesinthemorningweremorelikelytofeelsatisfied,preventingsnackingthroughouttheday.AndanotherstudybyProfessorJakubowiczfoundthateatingchocolateinthemorning,whenourmetabolismisatitshighest,preventeddesiresforsweetthingslateron.12.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatDIT________A.isusuallyslowerintheeveningthanduringthedaytime.B.referstothenumberofcaloriesneededtoheatthebody.C.hasbeenfoundbytheresearchersinaGermanyuniversity.D.maybecometwicelowerwhenpeopleeatabigbreakfast.13.Accordingtothestudy,eatingahigh-caloriebreakfastcan______.A.causediabetes B.leadtoobesityC.keepappetite D.lowerbloodsugar14.WhatarethefindingsofthestudyconductedbytheresearchersatLübeckUniversitybasedon?A.Theobservationofbloodsugarchanges.B.Basictheoriesaboutdiet-inducedthermogenesis.C.Thedatacollectedfromalaboratoryexperiment.D.Differentexperimentsonpeoplewithdifferentappetite.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DIT:lowerinthemorningorevening? B.AloworhighcaloriedinnerC.Abigbreakfast,oralargedinner? D.Lesscalories,betterhealth【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。探討發(fā)覺吃一頓豐富的早餐比你在晚餐吃一頓豐富的早餐能幫助你燃燒雙倍的卡路里。德國LübeckUniversity的探討人員稱，一頓豐富的早餐可能是減肥同時保持血糖水平穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵，指出低卡路里早餐會增加食欲。文章介紹了探討過程，以及這項探討的一些發(fā)覺和其他人對此的看法。【12題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中DITcandifferdependingonmealtimeandisgenerallyslowerintheeveningandatnightduetoourbodyclocks.可知依據(jù)進(jìn)餐時間的不同，DIT也會有所不同，通常在傍晚和晚上，由于我們的生物鐘，DIT會更慢。由此可知，DIT晚上的速度通常比白天要慢。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Theyconsumedalowandhighcaloriebreakfastanddinneroneday—andthenviceversa(反過來)onanother.Thestudyalsoshowedincreasesinbloodsugarandinsulinconcentrations,causedbyeatingameal,wasreducedafterbreakfast,butnotsomuchafterdinner.可知他們一天吃低卡路里和高卡路里的早餐和晚餐，另一天則相反。該探討還表明，由進(jìn)食引起的血糖和胰島素濃度的上升在早餐后有所降低，但在晚餐后就不那么明顯了。由此可知，依據(jù)這項探討，吃高熱量的早餐可以降低血糖。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolismwerebasedonalaboratoryexperimentof16men.可知該探討結(jié)果發(fā)表在《臨床內(nèi)分泌學(xué)與代謝雜志》上，是基于對16名男性的試驗室試驗得出的。由此可推知，LübeckUniversity探討人員的探討結(jié)果是基于從試驗室試驗中收集的數(shù)據(jù)。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段Eatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyouburndoubletheamountofcaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.可知吃一頓豐富的早餐比你在晚餐吃一頓豐富的早餐能幫助你燃燒雙倍的卡路里。結(jié)合文章說明白德國LübeckUniversity的探討人員稱，一頓豐富的早餐可能是減肥同時保持血糖水平穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵，指出低卡路里早餐會增加食欲。文章介紹了探討過程，以及這項探討的一些發(fā)覺和其他人對此的看法。由此可知，故C選項“豐富的早餐還是豐富的晚餐？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Scientistshavediscoveredanewkindofinvisibleink.It’scalledwater.Andallyouneedforthissecret-messaginginktoworkistowritewithitonasuper-hi-techpieceofpapercoatedwithspecialchemicals.____16____ItshowsupdarkerthanthesurroundingpaperunderUV(紫外線的)light.Whenthemessagehasbeenreadandneedstobehiddenagain,getoutyourhairdryer,andblowsomewarmaironthepaper._____17_____Usinghotairfromahairdryerfor15-30seconds,youwereabletoreusethespecialpaperupto30timesbecausetheheatreorganizedthechemicalstructureofthepapercoating._____18_____TheinventionwasmadebyagroupofscientistsinChina,ledbyQiangZhaooftheInstituteofAdvancedMaterials,NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications.Althoughmuchofmoderncommunicationisdigital(數(shù)碼的),therearestillsomesituationsinwhichitisimportanttosendmessagesonapieceofpaper,suchaswhenthepeopledon’thaveInternet.____19____Buttheproblemhasalwaysbeenhowtogetridofamessageonceithasbeenshownsonooneelsecanreadit.___20___.Touseit,writewiththelemonjuiceonordinarypaper,iron(熨)thepaperwithahotironandthehiddenmessagewillappear.Thedownside(缺點)isthatthepaperhastobedestroyedtohidethemessagesonooneelsecanreadit.A.Howtomaketheinvisibleink?Followthesteps.B.Invisibleinkshavelongbeenusedtosendsecretmessages.C.Withouttheheatthemessagestayedvisibleforuptothreemonths.D.Previously,themostreadilyavailableinvisibleinkwaslemonjuice.E.ShineaUVlightonthecoatedpaperandthewatermessagebecomesvisible.F.Thenthemessagewillbegoneandthepapercanbereused,whichkeepscostslow.G.Puttingwateronthepaperbrokeupthestructureofthechemicalsitwascoatedwith.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了隱形墨水的運用方法，優(yōu)缺點等?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，該段介紹的是隱形墨水的運用原理，上一句提到“要讓這種傳遞隱私信息的墨水發(fā)揮作用，你只須要在涂有特殊化學(xué)物質(zhì)的超級高科技紙上寫字?！背薪由衔?，E選項“用紫外光照耀涂后的紙，水的信息變得清楚可見?！鼻蓄}。下文“在紫外線下，它比四周的紙顏色更深?！睂選項做了說明說明。且該選項中的UVlight，coatedpaper與前后文相對應(yīng)。故選E項?！?7題詳解】其次段講解并描述了當(dāng)信息讀完須要再次隱藏時的做法，上一句提到“拿出你的吹風(fēng)機，吹一些熱風(fēng)在紙上”承接上文，F(xiàn)選項“然后，信息就會消逝，紙張就可以重復(fù)運用，這就降低了成本?！鼻蓄}。該選項中“themessagewillbegone”信息就會消逝和上文呼應(yīng)。故選F項?！?8題詳解】第三段介紹了隱形墨水的重復(fù)運用的有關(guān)事項，上一句提到“用吹風(fēng)機吹15-30秒的熱風(fēng)，你可以重復(fù)運用這種特殊的紙多達(dá)30次，因為熱量重組了紙涂層的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)。”，是經(jīng)過加熱后的紙張的的運用狀況，承接上文，C選項“在沒有加熱的狀況下，這條信息可以持續(xù)3個月?！鼻蓄}。故選C項?！?9題詳解】前句提出，人們在一些狀況下不得不運用紙張來傳遞信息。B選項“長期以來，隱形墨水始終被用來發(fā)送隱私信息。”是前句的結(jié)果，正因為不得不運用紙張，隱形墨水才會得到長期的應(yīng)用。下文“但問題始終是，一旦消息顯示出來，如何刪除它，這樣其他人就無法閱讀它?！笔侨藗冮L期運用墨水所遇到的問題。在此處，B選項能夠起到承上啟下的作用。使語義通順。故選B項?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)下文“用檸檬汁在一般紙上書寫來運用它，用熱鐵熨，隱藏的信息就會出現(xiàn)?！笨芍?，該段介紹了檸檬汁作為隱形墨水的運用方法。D選項“在此之前，最常見的隱形墨水是檸檬汁?！鼻蓄}。且該選項中的lemonjuice與后文相對應(yīng)。故選D項?！军c睛】七選五的解題技巧之一是依據(jù)上下文詞匯來鎖定線索。即：要關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動詞，然后在選項中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專出名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時間、年頭、地點/名稱等。在本文中，第1小題中的“UVlight，coatedpape”，第2小題中的“hemessagewillbegone”，第5小題中的“l(fā)emonjuice”均與上下文有相呼應(yīng)的詞語。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Fujianpuppetry(木偶戲)hasathousand-yearhistory.Itisoneofthe___21___ofChineseperformingarttotheworld’scultureandhas____22____asetofcharacteristictechniquesofperformanceandpuppetmaking,aswellasarepertoire(全部劇目)ofplaysandmusic.No___23___hasyetbeenreachedonthe____24____anddevelopmentofChinesepuppetry.___25___theShangdynasty(16th-11thcenturyB.C.),potteryfigurines(陶俑)usedasburialobjects(隨葬品)havebeendiscoveredattheYinRuins.Woodenfigurines___26___duringtheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriods(770-221B.C.).InaWesternHantombatMawangduiinChangsha,Hunanprovince,anarmyofwoodenfigurinesofsingers,dancersandmusicianshavebeendiscovered.Thesewereagreat___27___onthosefrompreviousdynasties___28___craftsmanship,varietyandmodeling,whichrepresentthe___29___Chinesepuppets.Overtime,figurinesasburialobjects____30____intopuppetsforentertainmentduringholiday_____31_____.____32____,justlikemanyothertraditionalformsofart,Fujianpuppetryhasfallenoutoffavourwiththeyoungergenerations.Thenumberofyoungpeoplelearningpuppetryhas____33____duetosocioeconomicchanges____34____theirlifestylesandthelongperiodoftraining____35____tomasterthesophisticated(困難的)performingtechniques.Inresponse,____36____communities,groupsandbearers(傳授者)workedoutthe2008-2025StrategyfortheTrainingofComingGenerationsofFujianPuppetryPractitioners.Thekey____37____aretosafeguardthespreadofFujianPuppetryandprovideprofessional____38____toraiseanewgenerationofpuppetrypractitioners.In2012,thestrategywasselectedbytheUNESCOtobepartoftheRegisterofGoodSafeguardingPractices.Withthewide____39____ofpractitioners,localpeopleandeducationinstitutions,FujianPuppetrycan_____40_____abrighterfuture.21.A.incidents B.judgments C.contributions D.attempts22.A.accepted B.developed C.appreciated D.recognized23.A.introduction B.conservation C.conclusion D.presentation24.A.origins B.compositions C.techniques D.functions25.A.Differingfrom B.Arisingfrom C.Comingfrom D.Datingfrom26.A.survived B.jumped C.appeared D.applied27.A.improvement B.decoration C.disappointment D.impression28.A.inpreferenceto B.inregardto C.inanswerto D.inreplyto29.A.lively B.early C.natural D.precious30.A.struggled B.modified C.flooded D.evolved31.A.conditions B.celebrations C.instructions D.invitations32.A.Previously B.Particularly C.Eventually D.Unfortunately33.A.increased B.reduced C.remained D.climbed34.A.expressing B.consuming C.transforming D.confirming35.A.devoted B.spent C.required D.cost36.A.concerned B.concrete C.confident D.convenient37.A.chance B.interest C.goal D.problem38.A.learning B.spreading C.performing D.training39.A.comprehension B.participation C.companion D.organization40.A.produce B.expect C.select D.observe【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.B32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.C38.D39.B40.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了福建木偶戲起源和現(xiàn)狀。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它是中國表演藝術(shù)對世界文化的貢獻(xiàn)之一。A.incidents事務(wù)；B.judgments評價；C.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；D.attempts企圖，努力。依據(jù)“totheworld’sculture”可知，福建木偶戲是對世界文化的貢獻(xiàn)之一。contributionto對……的貢獻(xiàn)。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸形成了一些表演和木偶限制的顯著的技巧。A.accepted接受；B.developed發(fā)展，漸漸形成；C.appreciated感謝，理解；D.recognized承認(rèn)，識別。依據(jù)上文“Fujianpuppetry(木偶戲)hasathousand-yearhistory.”可知，木偶戲有一千年的歷史，漸漸形成了一些表演和木偶限制的技巧。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是關(guān)于中國木偶戲的起源和發(fā)展沒有結(jié)論。A.introduction介紹；B.conservation保存，愛護(hù)；C.conclusion結(jié)論；D.presentation顯示，表演。此處指沒有“結(jié)論”，reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論，固定搭配。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)于中國木偶戲的起源和發(fā)展沒有結(jié)論。A.origins起源；B.compositions構(gòu)成，組成；C.techniques技巧；D.functions功能。依據(jù)下文中“___5___theShangdynasty(16th-11thcenturyB.C.)”及“duringtheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriods(770-221B.C.)”等內(nèi)容可知，此處指木偶戲的“起源”。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：始于商朝（公元前16世紀(jì)—公元前11世紀(jì)），作為隨葬品的陶俑在殷墟中被發(fā)覺。A.Differingfrom與……不同；B.Arisingfrom由……引起；C.Comingfrom來自；D.Datingfrom始于，從……起先。依據(jù)上文“developmentofChinesepuppetry”可知，此處是在時候木偶戲的發(fā)展歷程，所以此處指“始于”。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：木雕在春秋戰(zhàn)國時期（公元前770年到公元前221年）出現(xiàn)。A.survived生存；B.jumped跳動；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.applied申請。此處指木雕“出現(xiàn)”在春秋戰(zhàn)國時期。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就技術(shù)、多樣性和造型而言，這些在之前朝代的木雕基礎(chǔ)上有了很大改進(jìn)，這代表了早期的中國木偶戲。A.improvement提高，改善；B.decoration裝飾；C.disappointment悲觀；D.impression印象。依據(jù)“anarmyofwoodenfigurinesofsingers,dancersandmusicians”可知，長沙馬王堆西漢墓出土的軍隊木雕有歌者，舞者和音樂家，相比之前的有了很大的“改進(jìn)”。故選A項。28題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：就技術(shù)、多樣性和造型而言，這些在之前朝代的木雕基礎(chǔ)上有了很大改進(jìn)，這代表了早期的中國木偶戲。A.inpreferenceto優(yōu)先于；B.