2025版新教材高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)5必修第一冊(cè)UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS含解析新人教版

PAGE課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(五)必修第一冊(cè)UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空A(2024·江西臨川九校聯(lián)考)AftercollegeIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworld,soIbecameavolunteerteacherand1.________(send)toNamibia.Honestly,myfirstchoicewasn'tAfrica,butnowIamextremelygratefulthatIhadthechance.Sowithagroupof2.________(equal)eageryounggraduates,Iwentonmyjourney.Schoolswerequitebare,andthestudents3.________(have)tiringdays,walkingseveralmilestogettoschooloftenbarefoot.Despitetheirmountains4.________workathome,few5.________(possession)andlittleopportunity,thesechildrenwerejoyful,whichIadmired.This6.________(be)myfirsttimelivingabroadinadifferentculture,simplygettingusedtothelivingconditionswas7.________bigadjustment.Ihadnoelectricity,runningwater,phoneorInternet.Imaginetherewasnoairconditioningataplace8.________thetemperatureoftengoesbeyond38degreesCelsius!Sometimesitwasjusttoohottomove.However,Icouldendeachdaywitha9.________(glory)Africansunset.Andatnight,Ihadalight-pollution-freeviewoftheentireMilkyWay.BeforeNamibia,IhadneverthoughtIwouldsurviveinsuchanenvironment.Myexperienceawakenedmetonotonlythelimitations10.________(place)onourselves,butalsoouramazingabilitytoadapt.Steppingoutofyourcomfortzoneinanotherculturewillcertainlymakeyourlifeworthwhile.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者高校畢業(yè)后到非洲當(dāng)志愿老師的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及作者的感悟。1.wassent考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，主語(yǔ)I和send為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處講解并描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的故事應(yīng)運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填wassent。2.equally考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞，故填equally。3.had考查時(shí)態(tài)。敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，此處應(yīng)運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填had。4.of考查介詞。mountainsof...為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“大堆……”，故填of。5.possessions考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。possession一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“財(cái)產(chǎn)；全部物”，由空前的few可知填possessions。6.being考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語(yǔ)，分句之間無(wú)連詞，且兩個(gè)分句有各自的(邏輯)主語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，故填being。7.a考查冠詞。adjustment可作可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一個(gè)很大的調(diào)整”，應(yīng)運(yùn)用不定冠詞，且big以輔音音素開頭，故填a。8.where考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。9.glorious考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)運(yùn)用形容詞修飾名詞短語(yǔ)，故填glorious。10.placed考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾limitations，且limitations和place為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填placed。BHurricaneKatrinawasoneofthedeadliesthurricanesevertohittheUnitedStates.About1,833peoplediedinthehurricaneandthefloodsthat1.________(follow)inlateAugust2005,andmillionsofotherswereleft2.________(home)alongtheGulfCoastandinNewOrleans.Katrinaformedabout200milessoutheastoftheBahamasonAug.23,2005.Bythetimeitmade3.________(it)waytosouthernFloridaonAug.25,KatrinawasjustaCategoryOnehurricane.Whileitcausedsomefloodsandtwodeathsduringitsfirstlandfall,itappearedtobejustanotherhurricaneinan4.________(act)hurricaneseason.5.________(surprising),KatrinastrengthenedintoaCategoryFivehurricaneonAug.28,withwinds6.________(blow)atabout280kph.TheNationalGuardwascalledintohelppeopleleavedangerousareas.ThousandslookedforshelterintheNewOrleansConventionCentre,7.________wasextremelycrowded.Governmentofficialshavetriedtolearnfromthedisasterandcarriedoutbetterenvironmentalandcommunicationplans.TheArmyCorpsofEngineershasrebuiltthelevee(堤壩)system,makingit8.________(high).ThecityofNewOrleanshasimprovedpeople'saccess9.________disasterinformation.Forexample,theyhave10.________emailandtextmessagesystemcalledNolaReadythat13,000peoplehavesignedupfor.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了2005年在美國(guó)新奧爾良市發(fā)生的超級(jí)颶風(fēng)卡特里娜給當(dāng)?shù)厝藥?lái)的巨大苦痛。1.followed考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處敘述的是2005年發(fā)生的事情，要運(yùn)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.homeless考查形容詞。所填的詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，對(duì)主語(yǔ)millionsofothers進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，所以用homeless。3.its考查代詞。短語(yǔ)makeone'swayto意為“前往……”，此處運(yùn)用its代替主語(yǔ)it。4.active考查形容詞。所填的詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞hurricaneseason，所以用形容詞形式。5.Surprisingly考查副詞。所填的詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子，所以用副詞形式。6.blowing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)和作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系的時(shí)候，要運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。7.which考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代先行詞theNewOrleansConventionCentre，在句中作主語(yǔ)。8.higher考查比較級(jí)。本句運(yùn)用比較級(jí)表示與過(guò)去相比，現(xiàn)在的堤壩更高，故填higher。9.to考查介詞。haveaccessto...意為“有權(quán)進(jìn)入，可以運(yùn)用”，是固定搭配。10.an考查冠詞。此處泛指一個(gè)郵件和短信系統(tǒng)，email以元音音素開頭，故填an。Ⅱ.依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.噪音好像是從樓下傳過(guò)來(lái)的。(asif)It_seems_as_ifthenoisecomesfromdownstairs.2.由于種種緣由，很多學(xué)生已養(yǎng)成了熬夜的習(xí)慣，這對(duì)他們的健康有很壞的影響。(effect)Forvariousreasons,manystudentshavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate,whichhas_a_bad_effect_on_their_health.3.為了保持健康，他給自己定了一個(gè)規(guī)則——晚飯后漫步。(makeit＋n.＋todo...)Tokeepfit,hemakes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walkaftersupper.4.為何你不讓他留意到你因病得太厲害而不能接著工作呢？(too...to...)Whydon'tyoubringittohisattentionthatyouare_too_ill_to_go_on_working?5.全部的店員都很難相處，這對(duì)你們的聲譽(yù)極其有害。(主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋todo...)Alltheshopassistantsare_hard_to_get_along_with,_whichdoesgreatharmtoyourreputation.B組·實(shí)力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·山東日照聯(lián)考)RescueworkersandthousandsofvolunteersarenottheonlyoneswhohavewonheartsandmindsfortheirheroiceffortsinthesearchforsurvivorsafterTuesday'spowerfulearthquakeinMexico.Fifteendogsfromthenavy'scanine(軍犬)unithaveassistedthisweekintherescueeffortsatthesitesofcollapsedbuildingsacrossMexicoCity,wheremorethan50peoplehavebeenpulledalivefromtheruins.OfthecanineheroesnoneismorefamousorlovedthanFrida,asix-year-oldwhiteLabradorwhoinherdistinguishedservicehaswonpraiseforherabilitytodetectpeoplewhohavebeentrappedbyvariousnaturaldisasters.Overheradmirablecareershehasfound52peopleincluding12survivorsinMexicoandotherLatinAmericancountries.Thisweek,FridaandEvilandEcho—twoBelgianShepherdsthathavealsobeenspeciallytrainedforrescueefforts—weresenttothesiteofthecollapsedEnriqueRebsamenSchoolinsouthernMexicoCity.Equippedwithgoggles(護(hù)目鏡)thatprotecthereyesfromdustandsmoke,bootstopreventdamagetoherpawswhilesheclimbsoverroughruins,Fridatooktoherworklookingovereverypartoftheruins.“IfFridadetectsthepresenceofasurvivor,sheistrainedtobarktoalertrescueworkers,butifshedetectsacorpse,shestopssuddenlybeforeproceeding，”herhandlerexplained.Elevenchildrenwererescuedfromtheruinsattheschool,butthistimehumanrescueworkersratherthanthedogsweretheoneswholocatedthem.However,thathasn'tstoppedFridafrombecomingasocialmediastarandreachinganewleveloffamethisweek.VideosandothersocialmediapoststhathighlighttheworkofFridaandherimpressiverecordsofdetectingpeopletrappedbynaturaldisastersspreadquicklyonline.Whileshehasyettodetectanyonetrappedintheruinsthisweek,sheandotherrescuedogsarecontinuingtoworktirelessly,searchingthroughspacesthathumanscannotreach.Withthepossibilitythattherearestillpeopletrappedalive,timewilltellwhethersheaddstoherrescuerecords.1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SevereEarthquakesinMexicoB.UndertakingRescueWorkC.PeopleWaitingforRescueD.SpecialRescuersinMexico2.WhatmakesFridaasocialmediastar?A.Herrescuerecordsandtirelesswork.B.Hercooperationwiththerescueteam.C.Hercoolappearancewithsomespecialdevices.D.Herabilitytosearchspacesbeyondhumans'reach.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“corpse”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Anarticleofclothing.B.Anunconsciousanimal.C.Adeadperson.D.Aspecialsignal.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.FridawillachievenothingB.FridawillprobablyworkmiraclesC.moredogswillbesenttotheareaD.therestoftherescuewillbedonebydogs【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了在墨西哥發(fā)生劇烈地震后，來(lái)自海軍軍犬隊(duì)的十五條軍犬參加了救援工作，其中Frida獲得了大量關(guān)注。1.D標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，在墨西哥發(fā)生劇烈地震后，并不是只有救援人員和成千上萬(wàn)的志愿者參加了救援行動(dòng)，來(lái)自海軍軍犬隊(duì)的十五條軍犬也參加了救援工作。故選D。2.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“VideosandothersocialmediapoststhathighlighttheworkofFridaandherimpressiverecordsofdetectingpeopletrappedbynaturaldisastersspreadquicklyonline.”可知，使Frida成為社交媒體明星的是它的營(yíng)救記錄和孜孜不倦的工作，故選A。3.C詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞前的“thepresenceofasurvivor”和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可推斷畫線詞corpse與survivor意義相反，其意思為“尸體”，故選C。4.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Whileshehasyettodetectanyonetrappedintheruinsthisweek,sheandotherrescuedogsarecontinuingtoworktirelessly,searchingthroughspacesthathumanscannotreach.”可知，F(xiàn)rida可能會(huì)創(chuàng)建奇跡，故選B。Ⅱ.七選五HowtoManageHolidayStressAstheholidayseasonapproaches,Iencouragemypatientstoaskthemselvesiftheglassishalffullorhalfempty.Howwemanagetheholidaysmayhaveasmuchtodowithourexpectationsasourresources.1Yourneighboursarethrowingaholidayparty,andthey'veaskedyoutomakeallofthedesserts.2Whileyoufeelveryoverwhelmed,youfeelasenseofobligation(義務(wù))topleaseothers.Insituationslikethese,Iadvisemypatientstotakeastepbackandrememberthatthey'renotsupermen.Don'tlet“supposedtodo”taketheplaceofwhatyouwouldliketodo.Toreducepressure,trytokeepyourlifesimplebytalkingwithfamilymembersorfriendsbeforemakingdecisions.3Italsohelpstogetpreparedforsomeproblems.Thisgoesbacktomanagingexpectations.Preparefortheunexpectedandknowthatsomeproblemsarepossiblesuchastrafficorforgettingapresentforafamilymember.4Theholidayscanalsobeatimeofyearthatbringsunpleasantmemoriessuchassadeventsoranniversaries.Forsomewhohaveexperiencedabuse,holidayactivitiescanleadtounpleasantmemories.5Makethemostofthem.Lookforeasy,socialandcomfortingwaystocelebrate.Gettogetherwithfamilyandfriendstobakewhilelisteningtogreatmusicortohelpyoungerchildrenmakecraftsfortheirpresentswhilewatchinganoldmovie.Theseactivitiescanreducestressandcanalsobeeasyonyourbudget.A.Rememberthattheholidaysareasshortaslife.B.Itisnotagoodideatogiveintoothers'requests.C.Itisimportanttoberealisticaboutwhatyouwant.D.Butyouwanttospendtimewithyourfamilybaking.E.Spareyourtimewithyourfamilyduringtheholiday.F.Thiswillhelpyoutospendtheholidayswhatyouwant.G.Mostimportantly,don'tblameyourselfforwhatgoeswrong.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。隨著假日的到來(lái)，有些人感到驚慌擔(dān)心，如何才能開心地度過(guò)假期呢？作者在文中給我們提出了建議。1.C上一句談到如何度假與自己的實(shí)際狀況有關(guān)，C項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己想要什么實(shí)事求是是很重要的”說(shuō)明白這個(gè)道理?？涨暗摹皁urexpectations”與C項(xiàng)中的“whatyouwant”對(duì)應(yīng)。2.D上一句中的“鄰居讓你做全部的甜點(diǎn)”及下文的“盡管你感到特殊不知所措，但你覺得自己有義務(wù)去取悅別人”示意著“在假期，你也有自己想做的事情”。故選D。3.F依據(jù)本段首句的“Insituationslikethese”可知，作者提出了應(yīng)對(duì)的建議，做確定之前與家人、摯友交談，這可以幫助你用自己想要的方式度假。故選F。4.G上文談到可能會(huì)有一些不開心的事情出現(xiàn)，與G項(xiàng)中的“whatgoeswrong”對(duì)應(yīng)。5.A下文談到要充分利用假期，好好享受假期，說(shuō)明“假期就像生命一樣短暫”，故選A。Ⅲ.完形填空Ishallneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquaketookplace.Itwasabout5o'clockintheafternoonandIwas1tomydaughter'sschool.Ourplanwastogo2together.I'dstoppedata3togetsomefreshfruit.Weliketohavesomefruittoeat4ourswim.Iwasdrivingalongahighroadontheway.5myroadwasanotherroadwhichwasbuiltlikea6.IwashungrysoIputthebagofapples7meandstartedtoeatone.8Isawthecarsinfrontofmestartto9fromsidetoside.Thenmycarstartedtoshake!Ididn'tknowwhatwashappening.Perhapssomethinghad10wrongwithmycar.IdrovealittlemoreslowlyandthenI11thecarandatthesamemomenttheroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme.Ifoundmyselfinthe13.Icouldn'tmove.MylegsandfeetwerehurtingbadlyandIcouldn'tmovethem.Allroundmewas14，butabovemeIcouldhearshoutsandalotofnoise.ThenImemorisedwhathadhappened.Ihadbeen15anearthquake.1.A.driving B.leadingC.walking D.running2.A.shopping B.dancingC.swimming D.sightseeing3.A.farm B.shopC.park D.school4.A.after B.duringC.since D.once5.A.Under B.AlongC.Over D.Beside6.A.bridge B.roofC.cover D.top7.A.under B.alongC.inside D.beside8.A.Finally B.ActuallyC.Suddenly D.Slowly9.A.move B.rollC.burst D.jump10.A.been B.brokenC.gone D.done11.A.parked B.startedC.moved D.stopped12.A.put B.ranC.fell D.jumped13.A.dark B.afternoonC.sun D.car14.A.noisy B.dustyC.quiet D.bloody15.A.on B.atC.by D.in【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者在去女兒學(xué)校的路上遇到地震的情形。1.A依據(jù)下文中的“Iwasdriving...”可知，“我”正開著車。2.C依據(jù)下文中的“ourswim”可知，“我們”安排一起去游泳。3.B依據(jù)下文中的“getsomefreshfruit”可知，在一家商店那里停車去買些簇新水果。4.A“我們”喜愛游泳后吃些水果。5.C依據(jù)下文中的“theroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme”可知，在道路上還有一條道路。6.A由下文可知，發(fā)生了地震，路塌了，砸到了“我”的車，由此可知“我”開車走的路上方應(yīng)當(dāng)是一條像橋一樣的道路。7.D“我”餓了，因此把那袋蘋果放在“我”旁邊。8.C突然“我”望見前面的汽車起先左右搖擺。suddenly“突然”，符合語(yǔ)境。9.A汽車在路上左右搖擺。10.C依據(jù)上文中的“Thenmycarstartedtoshake！”可知，作者認(rèn)為可能自己的車出了故障。11.D“我”把車速放慢，然后停了下來(lái)。12.C依據(jù)上文中的“5myroadwasanotherroadwhichwasbuiltlikea...”可知，上面的道路掉了下來(lái)。fall“掉落”，符合語(yǔ)境。13.A依據(jù)上文中的“...theroad12ontothecarsinfrontofme.”可推斷出“我”被埋在了路下，因此“我”發(fā)覺自己處于黑暗之中。14.C依據(jù)下文可知“我”四周特別寧?kù)o。quiet“寧?kù)o的”。15.D依據(jù)第一句“Ishallneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquaketookplace.”可知，“我”遇到了地震。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空Despitemanylawsandnationalparkstoprotecttigers,theirhabitatscontinuetobedestroyedandtheyarestillhunted.1.(sad),tigersareamongthemostendangeredspeciesintheworldnowadays.Altogether,therearenomorethan5,000tigers2.(leave)inthewild.Somethinkthatthetigerisalreadytothepointof3.(die)outinthewild.Therearemanyreasons4.this,likehabitatlossandhunting.Overtheyears,anumberofsteps5.(take)tohelppreservethetigerpopulation.TheWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)protectswildlifeandhabitats.TodayWC