江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末模擬測試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25江蘇省南京師范高校附屬中學(xué)2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末模擬測試試題（含解析）考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwasthelastplacethemanvisited?A.Rome.B.Thailand.C.China.2.Whydoesn’tthewomanadvisethemantogotothestorearoundthecorner?A.Theclothestherearenotgood.B.Theclothesthereareallskirts.C.Theclothesthereareexpensive.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Whatdidthemanplantodoatfirst?A.VisitProfessorBrown.B.Attendaclass.C.Watchamovie.5.Whatisthemanaskingabout?A.Hisbill.B.Ahouserent.C.WirelessInternetrise.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howwastheweatheryesterday?A.Stormy.B.Cloudy.C.Foggy.7.Whatdidthemando?A.HetookDougtothehospital.B.Hehelpedremoveatree.C.Hevisitedsomefriends.請聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofticketdoesthemanbuy?A.SaverReturn.B.FirstOpenReturn.C.StandardOpenReturn.9.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheck.C.Incash.10.HowlongdoesittaketogettoCambridgebytrain?A.Anhour.B.Anhourand9minutes.C.Twohoursand9minutes.請聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdidSallyRidedoin1983?AShegraduatedfromcollege.B.ShejoinedNASA.C.Sheenteredspace.12.HowmanytimesdidSallyRideenterspace?A.1.B.2.C.3.13.WhatdidSallyRidefocusonaftersheleftNASA?A.EncouragingAmericankidstobeinterestedinSTEM.B.EncouragingAmericankidstobecomeastronauts.C.Encouragingmorewomentobecomeastronauts.請聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheInventionofHugoCabret?A.Itisapicturebookwithoutwords.B.Itisover500pageslong.C.Itismainlyforlittlekids.15.WhichisthefirstnoveltowintheCaldecottMedal?A.TheHoudiniBox.B.WheretheWildThingsAre.C.TheInventionofHugoCabret.16.Wheredidthemanreceivehisfirstaward?A.Fromanelementaryschoo1.B.Fromapublishinghouse.C.Fromthegovernment.17.Howdidthemanfeelafterreceivinghisfirstaward?A.Surprised.B.Motivated.C.Relaxed.請聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdidthewomandoafterreceivingherbirthrecordinthemail?A.ShecalledOhio’shealthdepartment.B.ShechangedherFacebookprofile.C.ShesearchedontheInternet.19.Howdidthewomancommunicatewithherbirthmother?ABycallingher.B.Bygoingtothefrontdesk.C.ByvisitingherFacebookpage.20.Howoldisthewoman’smothernow?A.38.B.43.C.53.其次部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié):(共1S小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWeknowthatSt.Patrick’sDayfestivitiesmayincludealittlebitofdrinking.Butthereareplentyofkid-safeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.3/17：LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakesKidscanmaketheirowntreatsattheChildren’sMuseumofPhoenixthisSt.Patrick’sDay.Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.To-gocontainerswillalsobeprovided.Details:1—3p.m，F(xiàn)riday,March17.Children’sMuseumofPhoenix,215N.7thStreet,Phoenix.$3formembers.$4fornon-members.602-253-0501.3/17一19:FountainO’GreenArtisanMarketThiscommunityfestivalwillincludesculpturespaintings，handcraftedjewelryandapparelfromselectedlocalandregionalartists,livemusicanddanceperformancethroughouttheweekend.Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.OnFriday,emerald-coloredwaterwillshootfromthetown’sfountainatnoon.Takethekidstoseetheannualtraditionandpicnicinthepark.Details:10a.m.—5p.m.,Friday—Sunday,March17—19.AvenueoftheFountainsandSaguaroBoulevard,FountainHills.Free.480-488-2014.3/17：St.Patrick’sDayPartyatAZAirTimeKidsabove12yearsoldcancollecttheirfree,greenglownecklacesandjumpforthreehours,scaletherockclimbingwallordiveintothegiantpitoffoam.Jumpsocksrequired.Details：8—11p.m.Friday,March17.AZAirTime,13802N.ScottsdaleRoad，Suite145,Scottsdale.$15,whichisa$14savings,480—427-2000.1.Whichtelephonenumbercanpeoplecallatiftheywanttomakeanddecoratecupcakes?A.602-427-2014. B.480-488-2014.C.480-427-2000. D.602-253-0501.2.Inwhichprogramcankidsfindthefoodcourt?A.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.B.FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket.C.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.D.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.3.Whichprogramisfreeforchildren?A.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.B.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.C.Fountain0’GreenArtisanMarket.D.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.4.Forwhomisthepassageintendedfor?A.Parentsofyoungerchildren.B.Peopleaddictedtoalcohol.C.Organizersoffestivals.D.Educalorsandbusinessmen.【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講解并描述了在愛爾蘭圣帕特里克節(jié)期間的各種適合孩子們玩耍的平安又好玩的活動，并對這些活動進(jìn)行了簡潔的介紹?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes部分的“Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.”（孩子們可以用彩虹糖果和黃金巧克力罐來制作和裝飾他們的紙杯蛋糕。）和“602-253-0501”可知，假如人們想制作和裝飾紙杯蛋糕，可以撥打602-253-0501這個電話。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.”（這里還會有一個美食廣場。）可知，孩子們可以在FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket這個活動中找到美食廣場。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“free”（免費(fèi)的）可知，F(xiàn)ountainO’GreenArtisanMarket這個活動是免費(fèi)的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Butthereareplentyofkid-safeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.”（但是在大都市鳳凰城旁邊也有很多對于兒童平安的圣帕特里克節(jié)活動。以下是為孩子們準(zhǔn)備的圣帕特里克節(jié)慶?；顒印＃┛芍?，本文主要介紹了圣帕特里克兒童節(jié)慶?；顒拥南嚓P(guān)信息，孩子們可以在鳳凰城的博物館里做好吃的，家長帶著孩子們?nèi)⑴c一年一度的活動。由此可知，本文主要寫給有小孩的家長。故選A。BAboutthreedecadesago,Chinawasknownasthe"BicycleKingdom".Butlateron,bikeswerereplacedbytheirfuel-poweredcompetitors.ButrecentmonthshaveseenarecoveryofthehumblebikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadofdrivingtoschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbike-sharingschemes,pioneeredbystart-upslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe"lastmile"problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney."Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend,whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"HuHong,29,toldAFP.Shepedals(騎車)toherShanghaireal-estatejob.However,theschemeshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(有意毀壞)andtheft.Lastmonth，twonursesinBeijingwereplacedunderadministrativepunishmentforfivedaysforputtinglocksontwosharedbikes.AndinDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbikewassentencedtoa3-monthdetention(拘留)，andfined1,000yuanbytheShanghaiMinhangPeople'sCourt."Bike-sharingisagreenermethodoftransportationandprovidesauser-friendlyexperience，"saidLiuXiaoming，vice-ministeroftransport."Butit'sacombinationofonlineandofflinebusiness.Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsaretryingtosolvetheproblems.Forexample,abike-sharingcompanycalledMobikesetsa100-pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80，bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.5-1yuan.5.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothe"lastmile"problem?A.Missingthebusinessplaneforthetrafficjam.B.Togettosomewherethesubwaycanreach.C.Havingtroublesinchangingfrombustotaxi.D.Toremovethelastrockintheway.6.Whatreasoncausesmanyproblemsinbike-sharing?A.Somepeoplemakedamagetothebikesonpurpose.B.Operatorslackofflinebusinessexperience.C.Thebike-sharingbusinessistoocomplicatedtorun.D.Therearenorelativelawsonthisbusiness.7.Whyarethebike-sharingsystemspopular?A.Theyareveryeffective. B.Theycanbepickedupanywhere.C.TheyareequippedwithGPS. D.Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.8.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BickesPedalingBackIntoStylesB.ANewWayofTransportationsC.RidingaMobicycleforFreeD.BicycleKingdomBecameFamousAgain【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A【解析】文章講解并描述了近期中國的“共享單車”受歡迎現(xiàn)象，并陳述了其受歡迎的緣由。共享單車是一種更環(huán)保的交通方式，但也有很多問題。中國的服務(wù)運(yùn)營商正在主動地解決這些問題?！?題詳解】C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干"lastmile"problem，鎖定信息源為第三段"whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney"．再細(xì)讀這一段可以知道"Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend""在地鐵不延長的地方，故B項(xiàng)不正確；"whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"（當(dāng)很難從一種運(yùn)輸方式轉(zhuǎn)變到另一種運(yùn)輸方式，騎自行車很簡潔去你想去的地方），故C項(xiàng)正確；D項(xiàng)（移除路上的巖石）及A項(xiàng)（由于交通堵塞，商務(wù)飛機(jī)誤點(diǎn)了）都不屬于最終一程（lastmile"problem）。因此正確答案為C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段"Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."可以推斷出導(dǎo)致共享單車系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問題的緣由是lackofflinebusinessexperience，所以解決這個問題就須要增加線下運(yùn)營閱歷。故正確選項(xiàng)為B。【7題詳解】D【解題剖析】此題屬于推理推斷題中的（4）依據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。答案須要從文章的They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.進(jìn)行推斷?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧恳罁?jù)第三段They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.可知，共享單車受歡迎是因?yàn)樗行У亟鉀Q了人們最終一英里的問題?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干Whyarethebike-sharingsystemspopular??文章內(nèi)容They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.【答案】provideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem.?D選項(xiàng)Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.?關(guān)鍵詞aneffectivesolutionto和solvethelastmileproblem【名師點(diǎn)睛】依據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。依據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，推斷合理信息要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出確定推斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。依據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)推理信息所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行細(xì)致分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案?！?題詳解】A主旨大意題。本文先敘述自行車曾被燃燒動力所取代。但最近在中國出現(xiàn)了自行車共享。運(yùn)用共享單車簡潔又便利。自行車共享是一種更環(huán)保的交通方式，供應(yīng)了一種用戶友好的體驗(yàn)。所以日漸流行。分析內(nèi)容可知，是說自行車時代又到來了。分析選項(xiàng)可知A（自行車時代的回來）符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。CScientistssaytheyhavefoundhighlevelsofsmallplasticparticles(顆粒)inArcticsnow.AGerman-Swissresearchteamcollectedsnowsamples(樣本）fromtheArcticandotherareas.TheyincludednorthernGermany,theBavarianandSwissAlps,andtheNorthSeaislandofHeligoland.Whentheresearchersexaminedthesamplesinalaboratory,theyweresurprisedtofindveryhighlevelsofmicroplastics.Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theycomefromthebreakdownofman-madeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.ThestudyfoundthehighestlevelsofmicroplasticscamefromtheBavarianAlps.Onesnowsamplefromtheareahad154,000microplasticparticlesperliter.SamplescollectedfromtheArctichadmuchlowerlevels.However,evensamplesfromtheArcticcontainedupto14,000particlesperliter.Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.BergmannMelanieco-wrotethereportonthenewstudy.Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticcomesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.Whilethereisgrowingconcernabouttheeffectofmicroplasticsontheenvironment,scientistsarestillstudyingtheirpossibleharmfuleffectsonhumansandanimals.“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplasticshaveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.”Bergmannsaid.9.Whydidscientistscollectsamplesfromsomanyplacesinparagragh1?A.Tomaketheresearchconvincing.B.Toattractpeopletoexplorethere.C.Tomeasurethelengthofmicroplastics.D.Toexaminethesampleseasilyinthelab.10.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therisksofmicroplastics.B.Thetransportofmicroplastics.C.Thebreakdownofplasticproducts.D.Thedescriptionofmicroplastics.11.Whatdidtheresearchteamfindaboutmicroplastics?A.ManypeoplethrewthemawayattheAlps.B.Theyweredeliveredtoremoteareasthroughair.C.Theycouldbecaughtsightofintheair.D.Theyhadnogreateffectontheenvironment.12.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatBergmannsaidinthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsareworriedaboutthetheinfluenceofmicroplastics.B.Wehavefoundapracticalsolutiontotheenvironmentproblem.C.Theeffectofmicroplasticsonhumanmustbeurgentlyresearched.D.Thereisnoneedtochangeobservationsofairpollutionlevels.【答案】9.A10.D11.B12.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北極冰雪中的微塑料，探討人員通過采集不同地區(qū)的微塑料樣品探究了其傳播途徑以及對人類的影響。【9題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第三、四、五段內(nèi)容可知，第一段提到探討人員在很多地方采集樣品是為了比較各地微塑料存在的數(shù)量，以及后期進(jìn)一步探討發(fā)覺微塑料可以通過空氣傳播，某些地區(qū)的微塑料是通過大氣從另外一些地區(qū)傳播來的。所以最終目標(biāo)是為了得到令人信服的探討結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。由其次段“Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theycomefromthebreakdownofman-madeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.”可知，微塑料是一種很微小的塑料片。這些微塑料通常長度會小于5毫米。它們來自于人造塑料產(chǎn)品和工業(yè)廢料的分解物。整個段落在介紹微塑料是什么，它們的大小以及它們來自于哪里。所以是在對微塑料進(jìn)行描述。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.(這項(xiàng)探討還試圖探討一些材料是如何在大氣中攜帶的。少數(shù)早期的探討的確在一些城市的空氣中發(fā)覺了微塑料，包括巴黎、德黑蘭和中國東莞。)以及第五段“Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowcomesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticcomesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.(她認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新的探討清晰地表明，“雪中的微塑料大部分來自空氣”，這項(xiàng)新的探討表明，在歐洲和北極發(fā)覺的微塑料大部分來自大氣和雪。)可知，探討人員發(fā)覺雪中發(fā)覺的極大多數(shù)微塑料來自于大氣中，是通過空氣傳播的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplastics,haveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.(我希望新的探討將導(dǎo)致對這個問題的更多探討。我認(rèn)為微觀塑料顆粒應(yīng)當(dāng)包括在世界范圍內(nèi)對空氣污染水平的觀測中。我們真的須要知道微塑料對人類有什么影響，特殊是假如我們與呼吸的空氣一起吸入的話。)”可知，Bergmann提出，應(yīng)當(dāng)集世界之力從空氣污染的角度去探討微塑料對人類生活的影響。所以Bergmann在強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)當(dāng)去探討微塑料對人類生活的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。DArtemisisNASA'snewlunarexplorationprogram.ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.NASA'snewrocketwillcarrytheOrionspacecrafttolunarorbit.Then，astronautswilldock(對接)OrionatasmallspaceshipcalledtheGateway，fromwhichthecrewwilltaketripstothelunarsurfaceinanewhumanlandingsystem，andthenreturntotheGateway.ThecrewwillreturntoEarthaboardOrion.NASAwilltesttherocketandspacecraftinflight，thensendacrewforatestflight：●Artemis1willbeatestflightoftheSLSrocketwiththeOrionspacecraftwithnocrew.●Artemis2willflySLSandOrionwithacrewpasttheMoon，thencircleitandreturntoEarth.Thistripwillbethefarthestanyhumanhasgoneintospace.●Artemis3willsendacrewwiththefirstwomanandthenextmantolandontheMoonby2024.TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.AttheMoon，astronautswill：●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.●Learnhowtoliveandworkonthesurfaceofanothercelestialbody(天體)whereastronautsarejustthreedaysfromhome.●TestthetechnologiesweneedbeforesendingastronautsonmissionstoMars，whichCantakeuptothreeyearsroundtrip.TheMoonisagoodplacetolearnnewscience.NASAwilllearnmoreabouttheMoon，EarthandeventheSun.TheMoonisa“testbed”forMars.TheMoonisaplacetoshowthatastronautswillonedaybeabletoworkawayfromEarthonMarsforlongperiodsoftime.13.WhatistheaimoftheArtemisprogram?A.TohelpastronautsreturntotheEarth.B.TobereadyforthelandingonMars.C.TostudytheMarsusingnewscience.D.TotesttheMoonlandingspacecraft，Orion.14.WhichwillbetheachievementoftheArtemisseries?A.GoingtotheMoon’sSouthPole.B.Makingthefarthesttripintospace.C.SendingthefirstmantotheMoon.D.FlyingtotheMoonwiththreepersons.15.WhatwillArtemisastronautsdoontheMoon?A.SendastronautstoMars.BRunathree-year-longtest.C.Findandmakeuseofwater.D.Learntolivenotfarfromhome.【答案】13.B14.A15.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國宇航局的新月球探測支配——Artemis的詳細(xì)探究任務(wù)。這次月球探究任務(wù)為登上火星做準(zhǔn)備?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.（通過Artemis支配，美國宇航局將運(yùn)用新技術(shù)以新的更好的方式探討月球，并為人類的火星任務(wù)做準(zhǔn)備。）”可知，Artemis支配的目的是為登陸火星做好準(zhǔn)備。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第6行“TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.

（Artemis3號宇航員將訪問月球南極。沒有人去過那里。）”可知，Artemis系列的成就是前往月球南極。故選A。【15題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第五行“●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.（找尋月球上的水并利用它。）”可知，Artemis宇航員的任務(wù)是找到并運(yùn)用水。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Campingwithoutacampfireisnotcampingatall.Late-nightconversationsandgamesaroundthecampfireareessentialforapleasantcampingexperience.However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.___16___Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit(深坑).___17___Ifthereisnofirepit,setupyourown.However,youshouldbecarefulnottoplacethefirepitnearyourcampingtent.Whenyousetupacampfire,makesurethatyouputthecampfirematerialsintherightorder.Thiscanhelpyoumakesurethattherewillbenoflyingdebris(碎片)onceyoulightyourfire.Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.___18___Finally,makesurethatyouplacestonesaroundthecampfirepit.Neverburnplasticsorotherpoisonousmaterials,whichwilldisturbyourneighboringcampgroundguests.Itwillalsosignificantlypollutetheairandpromotetheriskoffirespreads.___19___Useitonlywhenalltheotherfire-makingoptionsfail.___20___Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesurethatyourcampfireiscompletelyout.Leavingfireunattendedrunshighrisksofforestfiresandthelike.A.Then,putthewood.B.Campingcangiveyoualotoffreedom.C.Itneedsacertaindegreeofresponsibility.D.Onetraditionalcampactivityismakingthecampfire.E.Thiswillensurethatyouwillbecapableofcontrollingyourcampfire.F.Onceyourcampfireissetup,donotleavetheflameunattended.G.Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.G20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。露營時應(yīng)當(dāng)有營火,本文就如何選取營火地址、添加運(yùn)用營火材料以及防護(hù)措施提出了建議?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上句“However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.”然而，你應(yīng)當(dāng)意識到用營火露營并非全部都是歡樂的。再依據(jù)空格下句“Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.”假如你準(zhǔn)備架起營火，或者假如你想在露營做飯，你應(yīng)當(dāng)記住一些消防平安提示。可知放營火須要某種程度的責(zé)任。It指代acampfire，notallaboutfun呼應(yīng)responsibility。故選C?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上句“Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit”選擇一個營地，有篝火坑。可知，選項(xiàng)要說明這么做的目的是什么。E選項(xiàng)“這將確保你能夠限制你的營火”切題。故選E。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上句“Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.”先放輕材料，如紙或干樹葉。再依據(jù)空格后的Finally,…。由此可知A項(xiàng)“然后放木材”切題。Then呼應(yīng)前文的first和后文的finally。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)空格下句“Useitonlywhenalltheotherfire-makingoptionsfail.”只有當(dāng)全部其他的生火選項(xiàng)失敗時才運(yùn)用它。由此可知G項(xiàng)，Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.（每次你點(diǎn)燃篝火時都不要運(yùn)用汽油）切題。it指的就是petrol。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)下句“Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesurethatyourcampfireiscompletelyout.”在你離開你的營火以前或去睡以前，確保你的營火完全熄滅?？芍?，一旦你的營火被設(shè)置好了，不要讓火焰無人看管。donotleavetheflameunattended.呼應(yīng)completelyout.故選F。第三部分完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice,Iwasina___21___toreachmyofficeasmyclients(客戶)werewaitingformethere.Unfortunately,Igot___22___inatrafficjam.Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline,anddriverswere___23___blowinghornstogetridoftheir___24___.Igotdownfrommycarandmovedforwardinsearchofthe___25___ofthetrafficjam.Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight___26___.Everyonetherewasjust___27___themanwithoutcomingtooffer___28___tohim.Meanwhile,theywere___29___themanforthetrafficjam.Thenumberofvehicleswasgraduallyincreasing.Themanlooked_____30_____aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(諷刺)forcreatingthispublic_____31_____.Nobodywasinthemoodof_____32_____themanforhiserror.Seeingthis,I_____33_____rushedtohelptheman,followedbyotherfourdrivers.We_____34_____topushthecar.Verysoonitstartedwithaloudsound.Themansmiledin_____35_____themomenthiscarworkedagain.Thenhethankedusand_____36_____toeveryonethereandmovedoff.AfterthatIwentintodeepthinkingoverthehuman_____37_____inthetimesofcrisis.Everyhumanonthisearthunavoidablymakeserrors.Whenotherpeopledothatweblame,butwhenweareinthesamecondition,wedesiretogain_____38_____.Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto_____39_____themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.Forgivingisa_____40_____choice，asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsfurther,butalsospreadsuniversallove.21.A.fashion B.mess C.hurry D.way22.A.injured B.stuck C.lost D.removed23.A.properly B.awkwardly C.considerately D.constantly24.A.anxiety B.concern C.anger D.sadness25.A.cause B.evidence C.influence D.effort26.A.breakdown B.turnoff C.setoff D.pullup27.A.comforting B.directing C.watching D.checking28.A.admission B.opportunities C.trust D.assistance29.A.observing B.blaming C.inspiring D.punishing30.A.satisfied B.impatient C.frightened D.embarrassed31.A.progress B.focus C.practice D.inconvenience32.A.forgiving B.criticizing C.persuading D.encouraging33.A.tiredly B.immediately C.purposely D.steadily34.A.pretended B.cooperated C.hesitated D.promised35.A.vain B.secret C.relief D.private36.A.apologized B.shouted C.explained D.complained37.A.intelligence B.relationship C.attitude D.practice38.A.satisfaction B.sympathy C.benefit D.trust39.A.neglect B.estimate C.simplify D.overcome40.A.wise B.similar C.painful D.common【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】本文為記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己遇到一次交通堵塞的事務(wù)，很多人只是在圍觀、埋怨而不愿幫忙，作者認(rèn)為面對危機(jī)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)懷有同理心，要施以援手，而不是僅僅指責(zé)。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今日早上，我很晚才開車去辦公室，我匆忙趕到辦公室，因?yàn)槲业目蛻魝兌荚谀抢锏任?。A.fashion時尚；B.mess混亂；C.hurry匆忙；D.way方式，道路。依據(jù)上文“Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice”和下文“asmyclients(客戶)werewaitingformethere”可知，作者動身得很晚，要很匆忙地去上班。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，我遇上了交通堵塞。A.injured受傷；B.stuck卡住，困?。籆.lost迷路；D.removed移動。依據(jù)下文“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知，作者在路上遇上交通堵塞了。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：全部的車輛都排成了長龍，司機(jī)們不停地鳴笛以發(fā)泄他們的生氣。A.properly合適的；B.awkwardly笨拙地；C.considerately體諒地；D.constantly連綿不斷地。路上汽車堵得很厲害，所以司機(jī)們可能會不停地按喇叭。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句看法上。A.anxiety焦慮；B.concern關(guān)切；C.anger生氣；D.sadness難過。依據(jù)“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知車堵得厲害，司機(jī)們不停地按喇叭釋放內(nèi)心的生氣。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下了車，向前走，找尋交通堵塞的緣由。A.cause起因；B.evidence證據(jù)；C.influence影響；D.effort努力。依據(jù)“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight6”，可知此處指作者下車找尋交通堵塞的緣由。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在一個拐彎處，一個年輕人正舍命地往前開他的車，因?yàn)檐嚳赡軌牧?。A.breakdown拋錨，垮掉；B.turnoff關(guān)掉；C.setoff動身；D.pullup停下，拔起。依據(jù)上文“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar”可知,有人在推車，所以作者揣測可能是他的車拋錨了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在場的每個人都只是看著那個人，沒有過來幫助他。A.comforting勸慰；B.directing指導(dǎo)；C.watching觀看；D.checking核對。依據(jù)下文“withoutcomingtooffer___8___tohim”可知，其他人只是在圍觀。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句看法上。A.admission承認(rèn)；B.opportunities機(jī)會；C.trust信任；D.assistance幫助。依據(jù)上文“Everyonetherewasjust___7___theman”可知，此處指其他人只是在圍觀，而沒有人過來幫助那位年輕人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，他們指責(zé)這個人造成了交通堵塞。A.observing視察；B.blaming責(zé)怪；C.inspiring激勵；D.punishing懲處。依據(jù)下文“aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(諷刺)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，人們都是在指責(zé)他造成的堵塞。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那人顯得很尷尬，因?yàn)樗o公眾造成了不便，大家都諷刺他。A.satisfied滿足的；B.impatient不耐性的；C.frightened膽怯 的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。因?yàn)閯e人都是在指責(zé)他，所以他顯得很尷尬。故選D。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句看法上。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.focus焦點(diǎn)；C.practice練習(xí)；D.inconvenience不便。堵塞確定給大家造成了不便。故選D。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人有心情寬恕那個人的錯誤。A.forgiving寬?。籅.criticizing指責(zé)；C.persuading勸服；D.encouraging激勵。由上文“everyoneputhimtothescorn(諷刺)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，堵塞給大家造成了不便，沒人寬恕他。故選A。【33題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這，我馬上沖過去幫助那個人，后面跟著其他四名司機(jī)。A.tiredly疲憊地；B.immediately馬上；C.purposely有意地；D.steadily穩(wěn)定地。依據(jù)下文“rushedtohelptheman”可知，作者立刻跑過去幫助那位年輕人。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們合作推這輛車。A.pretended假裝；B.cooperated合作；C.hesitated遲疑不決；D.promised許諾。依據(jù)上文“followedbyotherfourdrivers”還有四位司機(jī)跟著作者一起過來，所以他們是合作解決問題。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那人一看到他的車又能工作了，就如釋重負(fù)地笑了。A.vain徒勞；B.secret隱私；C.relief勸慰；D.private隱私。汽車能重新發(fā)動，所以年輕人感到輕松了，inrelief如釋重負(fù)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他向我們道謝，向在場的每個人致歉，然后離開了。A.apologized致歉；B.shouted大喊；C.explained說明；D.complained埋怨。此處指年輕人因?yàn)榻o大家造成的麻煩而致歉。故選A。【37題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，我起先深化思索人類在危機(jī)時刻的看法。A.intelligence智力；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.attitude看法；D.practice練習(xí)。依據(jù)“Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto19themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.”可知作者在思索人們面對危機(jī)的時候所實(shí)行的不同看法。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)別人那樣做的時候，我們指責(zé)，但當(dāng)我們處于同樣的狀況下，我們渴望獲得憐憫。A.satisfaction滿足；B.sympathy憐憫；C.benefit利益；D.trust信任。此處指當(dāng)自己面對危