14閱讀回答問題型解題技巧講解（原卷版）-2024年中考英語閱讀理解提分寶典

14閱讀回答問題型解題技巧講解回答問題型閱讀要求學生根據短文、表格、圖片或圖文結合的材料回答命題者設定的問題，所設置的任務通過事實或細節(jié)的查找就能完成，與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似，只是題目設計采用了主觀題形式，沒有給出選項，需要學生從材料中尋求信息，以一個完整的句子，或者是其適當的縮略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內容看，考查文本表層理解多于深層理解，其設計的問題多為五W、一般疑問句、反意疑問句的細節(jié)性問題，而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目則比較少。答題技巧：１、答句即使是一兩個詞，也要注意標點和大小寫；２、問句中出現過的部分答句盡量避免重復；３、用代詞代替問句的名詞主語，時態(tài)、單復數和人稱要與問句一致；４、最后的開放性主觀題，要圍繞文章的大意和作者的觀點回答，切忌脫離文章、主觀臆斷；5、在不超過限定字數的前提下，客觀題盡量用原文中的原句原詞回答，不要隨意用文中沒有的同義句來替換。如果原文的原句原詞超過了限定的字數，可省去不重要的信息即修飾詞；６、盡量用精煉的語言作簡略回答。一般疑問句或反意疑問句用Yes或No，不必加上后面的兩個詞；選擇疑問句用or前后的一個選項；特殊疑問句要注意開頭的特殊疑問詞，問什么就答什么：What…for？問目的或用途，用Forsth或Todosth或Inordertodosth回答。Why…？問原因，用Because＋句子或Becauseof＋名詞（短語）回答。Whattime/When…？回答在什么時間做某事，要用介詞短語；回答是什么時間不用加介詞。Where…？問地點，用介詞短語回答。Who…？問人，用表示人的名詞或代詞（注意主格還是賓格）。Whose…？問某人的，用名詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格回答。Which…？問哪一個，用The…one.或Theone….回答?；卮餡hat…？要弄清楚問的是事物還是動作。問事物回答名詞或名詞短語；問動作回答時用要有主語的完整句子，而不能用動詞開頭的無主句。How…？問感覺、看法、程度或方式等，用褒義、貶義形容詞或Bydoingsth…或By…或On…回答。Howmany…？回答數量（不能漏掉前面的about,over,morethan,lessthan,almost,nearly等）。Howmanytimes…？回答次數。Howmuch…？回答價錢。Howoften…？回答頻率。Howsoon…？回答In+一段時間。Howlong…？回答一段時間（不能漏掉前面的介詞for,since等）或長度。Howfar…？回答距離。Howold…？回答年齡?！菊骖}實戰(zhàn)】（2023·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Zengzi,alsocalledZengShen,becameagoodstudentofConfucius（孔子）whenhewas16.Earlyonemorning,Zengzi’swifeleftforthemarket.Herlittlesonwantedtogowithher.Buthewastooyoungandthemarketwastoofar.Thenshecheated（欺騙）hersonandsaid,“Iwillsoonbeback.Youstayathomeandwaitforme.IfyoudoasIsay,Iwillkillapigandmakeanicedishforyou.”Thechildwentbacktothehousehappily.WhenZengzi’swifegotbackfromthemarket,sheshowednosignofkillingapig.SoZengzihimselfpreparedtodothat,buthiswiferushedtostophimandsaid,“Don’tdothat.Ijustcheatedthechild.”“Honesty（誠實）isthemostimportantthing,”Zengzisaid.“Childrenarelikeblank（空白的）piecesofpaper.Theyunderstandnothingbuttheycanlearnfromtheirparents’actions.Becauseyouhavecheatedyourson,hewon’ttrustyouanymore.Inthefuturehewillcheatothers.”Hearingherhusband’swords,Zengzi’swiferegrettedcheatingthechild.Soshewantedtokeepherword.ShejoinedZengziinkillingthepig,andcookednicedishesforthechild.Whileeating,theboywashappyandthankfultohisparents.Oneevening,whenthechildwenttobed,hesuddenlygotupandranoutside.Zengziaskedhimwherehewasgoing.Theboyreplied,“IpromisedIwasgoingtoreturnatoytoafriendtoday.ButIforgot,soIamgoingtoreturnitnow.”Thecoupleexchanged（交換）satisfiedsmiles,andwaiteduntiltheboycameback.1．WhoseteacherwasConfuciusfromthepassage?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．HowdidZengzi’swifelethersonstayathome?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．WhatdidZengzithinkofhonesty?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．WhydidZengzi’swifekillthepigandcookdishes?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．DidZengzi’ssonbeeanhonestperson?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·山西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Projectbasedlearning（項目化學習）islearningwhiledoing.Itgiveslearnersthechancetogetadeeperunderstandingofatopic.Duringthelearning,learnerssolveproblemsbyusingrealworldexamplesandchallenges.Projectbasedlearningisbeingwidelyusedinschools.Studentsworkonaprojectoveraperiodoftime—fromaweektoaterm.Attheendoftheproject,theyshowtheirknowledgeandskillsbycreatingaproductforpeople.Let’staketheexampleofSandra.SandraisanelevenyearoldstudentinSunshinePrimarySchool.ShewantedtoknowmoreaboutGreekmythology（希臘神話）.Well,howdidshemakeit?◆ShechoseGreekmythologycharactersasthetopicbecauseshewasinterestedinthecharactersandtheirstories.◆Step1Chooseatopic◆Shehadtolearnaboutthattopicanddosomeresearchonit.Tocollectinformation,shereadbooksandarticlesaboutthehistoryofGreekmythology.ShealsoreadsomenovelslikeHarryPotterandPercyJackson.ShewatchedvideosandplayedgamesallconnectedwithGreekmythology.Whenshecollectedherinformation,shewasreadytocreateaproject.◆Step2Dotheresearch◆Shecreatedaprojectbasedon（以……為基礎）hertalentsandskills.ShelovestobuildwithLegos（樂高）,soshedecidedtobuildlegocreationsbasedonthestoriesofGreekmythologycharacters.She’salsoreallygoodatart,soshecreatedabookaboutherfavoritecharacters.Inherbook,shedrewpicturesofthemandwrotethestoriesinherownwords.◆Step3________◆Afterallofthatwork,shemadealivingroompresentationforMomandDadandsharedthetwoproductsthatshehadcreated.Thenshesharedherprojectonlinewithfriends,andevensharedherprojectonsocialmedia.◆Step4DothepresentationFromtheexampleofSandra,wecanseethatprojectbasedlearningallowsastudenttolearnaboutatopicandthencreateaprojectbasedonhisorhertalentsandskills.Noteveryoneisagreattesttaker,buteveryoneisgoodatsomething.Throughprojectwork,studentscannotonlylearndeeplyaboutatopic,butalsohavefunlearning.Soifyou’reinterestedinsomething,whynotstartwithprojectbasedlearning?1．Howdolearnerssolveproblemsinprojectbasedlearning?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．Howlongdoesittakestudentstofinishaproject?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．WhatdidSandradotocollectinformation?（OneexampleisOK.）____________________________________________________________________________________________4．Whatisthebestsubtitle（小標題）ofStep3?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．WhatwerethetwoproductsthatSandracreated?Whycouldshecreatethem?____________________________________________________________________________________________6．WhatdoyouthinkofSandra’slearningexperience?Inyouropinion,what’stheadvantageofprojectbasedlearning?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Akingonceofferedaprize.Anyonecouldgetitifhepaintedthebestpictureofpeace.Manyfamousartiststried.Thekinglookedatallthepicturesandamongthemtherewereonlytwohereallyliked.Buthehadtochoosebetweenthem.Thefirstpicturewasofaquietlake.Aroundthelakewerepeacefulmountains.Abovethemwasablueskywithwhiteclouds.Everyoneseeingthispicturethoughtthatitwasaperfectpictureofpeace.Thesecondpicturehadmountainstoo.Butfewtreescouldbeseen.Abovethemwasadark,angrysky.Aheavyrainstormwashappening.Downthesideofthemountainranapowerfulwaterfall.Itdidnotlookpeacefulatall.However,thekingfeltitwasspecial.Atmidnight,thekinglookedcarefullyatthesecondpictureagain.Suddenly,hefoundbehindthewaterfallasmalltreegrowingbetweentworocks.Amotherbirdbuiltherhomeinthetree.There,inthemiddleofallthenoiseofrushingwaterandfrighteningskies,thatmotherbirdsatinperfectpeace.Whichpicturedoyouthinkthekingchose?Thekingchosethesecondpicturebecausehethoughtitbetterexpressedpeace.“Peacedoesnotmeanyoumustbeinaplacewherethereisnonoise,trouble,orpain.Therealmeaningofpeaceistoberightinthemiddleofallthosedifficultexperiences,andstillbecalmandsureofyourselfinyourheart,”saidtheking.1．Whotriedtogettheprize?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．Whatwasaroundthelakeinthefirstpicture?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．Whendidthekingfindthesmalltreeinthesecondpicture?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．Wheredidthemotherbirdbuildherhome?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．Whydidthekingchoosethesecondpicture?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·安徽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）WhenIwasinGradeThree,Iwatchedavideoaboutthefindingsofancientruins（遺跡）.ItinterestedmesomuchthatfromthatmomentIknewwhatIwantedtodowithmylife.Today,I’mveryluckytoworkasanarchaeologist（考古學家）.It’sexcitingwork.Holdingapieceofhistoryisreallyfantastic.IdecidedwhatIwantedtobeattheageofnine.Buttheroadwasn’teasy.AlongthewayIwastoldmanythings:Iwastooyoung.Iwasn’tgoodenough,Ishouldgetmarriedandhavekids,...Allthesewordsreallygotmedown,butIchosetofollowmyheartandmoveon.Ineededmoneytosupportmystudy,soIaskedforsixgrants（經費）.Thefirstfiverepliessaidno.Atthebeginning,ithurt.Butthenextnohurtalittleless.Sixmonthslater,thelastreplycame.Thistimeitwasyes.Finally,Icouldgoonwithmyarchaeologicalwork.Asyoucansee,somanynoesdidn’tbeatme.Instead,theymademestrongerandhelpedmegrow.Foranyonethinkingofadreamjob,Iwouldsay:_____________________________1．Whatmadethewriterwanttobeanarchaeologist?（不超過10個詞）____________________________________________________________________________________________2．Howdidthewriterfeelabouttheroadtobeinganarchaeologist?（不超過5個詞）____________________________________________________________________________________________3．Whatwouldthewritersayattheendofthetext?（不超過10個詞）____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Farminghasalwaysbeenacountrysidething.Butnow,farmsareingtothebalconies(陽臺)ofcityflats.Accordingtoarecentreport,salesofvegetableseeds(種子)ontheInternetinthefirstquarterof2022doubledparedwiththesameperiodin2021.Ofthesebuyers,mostwerebornafter1995.ZhangChaofromAnhuiProvinceisoneyoung“cityfarmer”.Theseniorhighschoolstudentsaidhisloveforplantingwasformedinprimaryschool,whenhelivedwithhisgrandpainthecountryside.Helearnedtogrowvegetablesfromhisgrandpa,whohasbeenafarmerforlife.Thoughfarmingtakeshardwork,Zhangsaidhefeltexcitedwhenhesawseedsturnintoplants.NowZhangstillkeepsuphishobbywithabalconygarden.Hegrowsstrawberriesandcarrots.“Growingfruitsandvegetablesnotonlybringsdeliciousfood,butitalsoremindsmeofthehappytimeswithmygrandpa.”saidZhang.UnlikeZhang,FangMinkefromShenzhenthinksthatplantingagardenisagoodwaytorelaxanddeveloppatience.The16yearoldgirlsometimesfeltstressed.Todealwiththis,shestartedplantingvegetablesonherbalconyin2021.Mostoftheseedsweregiventoherbyfriends.Notknowingwhatplantstheseedswerefrom,shejustplantedthemandwaitedpatiently.Afterhalfayear,herbalconybecameasmallgarden.Everydayittakesherlonghourstodohomework.Thenshelikestowalkaroundherbalconygarden.“Seeingdifferentcolorsandbreathingfreshair,Ifeelclosertonature.”Fangsaid.Plantingvegetablesisnowmorethanjustawaytolive.Italsobringsjoytothelivesoftheyoung.1．WhendidZhangChaolearntogrowvegetables?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．WhatdoesZhangChaogrowonhisbalcony,vegetablesorfruits?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．WhatdoesFangMinkethinkofplantingagarden?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．HowdidFangMinkedealwithherstress?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．Whydoyouthinksomanyyoungpeoplebee“cityfarmers”?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inahistoryclass,Mrs.Bartlettaskedthestudentstomakeaposter(海報)ingroups.Shetoldthestudentstowritethenamesofthreefriendstheywantedinonegroupandshewouldthinkabouttheirchoices.Thenextday,Karmawastoldtobeinagroupshewouldneverwant—theboywhowastooweakinEnglish,andthetwogirlswhoworestrangeclothes.Oh,howshewantedtobewithherfriends.Withtearsinhereyes,KarmawalkeduptoMrs.Bartlett.ShelookedatKarmaandseemedtoknowwhatKarmawastherefor.Karmasaidthatsheshouldbeinthe“good”group.Theteachergently(溫柔地)placedahandonKarma’sshoulder.“Iknowwhatyouwant,Karma,”shesaid.“Butyourgroupneedsyou.Ineedyoutohelpthem.Onlyyoucanhelpthem.”Karmawassurprisedandmoved.Theteacher’swordsencouragedher.“Willyouhelpthem?”theteacherasked.“Yes,”Karmareplied.Thenshebravelywalkedovertohergroup.Shesatdownandtheystarted.Eachofthemdidapartaccordingtotheirinterests.Halfwaythroughtheweek,Karmafeltherselfenjoyinghergroup.Theydidagoodjobtogether.Thegroupmembersweren’tthoughttobeexcellentjustbecausenoonecaredenoughaboutthemexceptMrs.Bartlett.Atlast,thegroupgotanA,butKarmathoughttheyshouldhandtheAbacktoMrs.Bartlett.Shewastheonewhoshouldtrulyreceiveit.Mrs.Bartlettbroughtoutthepotential(潛能)inthefourofherstudents.1．Whatdidtheteacheraskthestudentstowritedown?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．HowmanymembersarethereinKarma’sgroup?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．WhydidKarmawalkuptoherteacherafterknowingthegroupmembers?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．HowdidKarmaandhergroupmembersfeelabouttheirgroupworkintheend?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．Whobroughtoutthestudents’potential?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·湖南長沙·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Oneday,agroupoftouristsfromAustraliaclimbedalargerockintheCentralParkofNewYorkCity.Theytookpicturesofoneanotherwiththehighrisebuildingsinthebackground.Likemanyothertourists,theydidn’trealizethathighinanearbytree,therewassomethingmoreworthyofattention:aneagleowl(雕鸮)namedFlaco.Earlierthatmonth,thebirdFlacomadehisgreatescape(逃跑)fromtheCentralParkZoo.Thezookeepersthentriedseveraltimestocatchhimbutwereunsuccessful.Heseemedtobeinnohurrytoreturntothezoo.OlgaTorrey,aphotographer,hasbeenphotographinganimalsincityparksfor12years.SinceFlacoescaped,Torreyhaskeptacloseeyeonhim.Shewonderedifhewouldeverreturntothezoo.“Oncehegetsatasteoffreedom,I’mnotsure...”shesaid.Still,eachdayspentoutsideputsFlacoindanger.Hemightaccidentallyhitwindowsandgetinjured(受傷)whileflying.Moreover,theeagleowllivedhiswholelifeinthezoointhepast.Hemaynotbeusedtofindingfoodonhisown.Andifhemadeamealofarat(耗子),itmightharmhishealth—theratmightcontainpoison(含有毒物).ThezoohashadtheworkerscarefullywatchFlacoallthetime,astheyareworriedabouthissafety.HasFlacoeatenanythingtoday?Hashegotinjuredtoday?Well,anotherdayofwatchinghasnowbegun.1．WheredidFlacoescapefrom?____________________________________________________________________________________________2．WhatisOlgaTorrey’sjob?____________________________________________________________________________________________3．IfFlacomadeamealofarat,whatmighthappentohim?____________________________________________________________________________________________4．WhydothezooworkerskeepwatchingFlacocarefully?____________________________________________________________________________________________5．ShouldwegetFlacobacktothezoo?Whyorwhynot?____________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·山東棗莊·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ayoungmanwasonatrain.Asthetrainturnedacorner,itsloweddownandthenasimplehouseappeared.Thehouselookedsodifferentfromthegreybuildingofthecitythateverybodyonthetrainturnedtolookatit.Somepassengersbegantotalkaboutit.Theyoungmanwasalsointerestedinthehouse.Hedecidedtogetoffatthenextstationandmakehiswaytothehouse.Theownerofthehousesaidthathewastryingtosellthehouse,butnoonewouldbuyit,asthenoiseofthetrainspassingnearbymadeitunfortabletolivein.Theyoungmandecidedtobuythehouseatoncefor$30,000.Heuseditforadvertising（做廣告）,asthehousefacedtherailwayturning.Thetrainhadtoslowdownattheturning,givingthepassengersplentyoftimetolookatthehouse.Theyoungmanwenttomeetseveralbusinessmenandexplainedtheadvantagesofplacingadvertisementsonthesideofthehouse.Finally,onebusinessmanagreedtoplacesomeads.Theyoungmanwaspaid$180,000forthreeyearsofadvertising.Inthisworld,turningdisadvantagesintoadvantagesisthekeytosuccess.1．Theplaceofthehouse:____________________________________________________________________________________________2．Thereasonwhynoonewouldbuythehouse:____________________________________________________________________________________________3．Theadvantageofadvertisingonthehouse:____________________________________________________________________________________________4．Theideaofthewriter:____________________________________________________________________________________________5．Listanothertwowaystosuccess(nomorethan10wordseach):①________________________________________________________________