2025屆新高考英語熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致

2025屆新高考英語熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

主謂一致CONTENTS定義01語法一致原則02意義一致原則03就近原則04習(xí)題訓(xùn)練0501定義Whatis主謂一致？主謂一致指的是主語和謂語動詞兩個語法成分之間保持一致。1.語法一致原則指主語為單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt.OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood

wasnamedtheworld's

oldestlivingman.

2.意義一致原則指主語形式上是單數(shù)形式，但卻表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義，那么謂語動詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。主語形式上是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但卻表達(dá)單數(shù)意義，那么謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Myfamily

werewatchingTVat7o’clock.Myfamily

hasmovedthreetimes.Tenyears

isjustamomentinhistory.3.就近原則指謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和數(shù)由最靠近它的主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定。Thereis

aman,twowomenandthreechildrenintheroom.Thereare

twowomen,amanandthreechildrenintheroom.Eithersheorhersisterisnottellingthetruth.02語法一致原則1.單數(shù)名詞/單數(shù)代詞與謂語動詞一致（1）單數(shù)名詞/代詞在句子中做主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。不可數(shù)名詞做主語時，謂語動詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。Thecat

sleeps.He

isayoungwriter.Hisadvice

hasbeenadoptedinthemeeting.Note:被

each，every，no修飾的單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。Everymemberintheclubwearsuniform.1.單數(shù)名詞/單數(shù)代詞與謂語動詞一致（2）有些集體名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，如furniture，equipment，merchandise，baggage，machinery，clothing等，作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.Someequipmentisstillattheexperimentalstage.（3）manya+單數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Manyafarmer

goestoswimming.1.單數(shù)名詞/單數(shù)代詞與謂語動詞一致（4）morethanone+單數(shù)名詞，意義上雖有復(fù)數(shù)概念，但作主語時候，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。Morethanonestudent

knowstheanswer.Morestudentsthanone

knowtheanswer.（5）oneortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Oneortwopatientsarewaitingoutsidethedoor.2.復(fù)數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)代詞與謂語動詞一致（1）常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞以及復(fù)數(shù)代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見名詞：clothes,belongings,earnings,savings,sales,surroundings,odds,remains,goods,fireworks,thanks。常見代詞：they,these,those。Theclothes

arenotsuitableforeverydaywear.They

lookalittlefunnyonthestage.2.復(fù)數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)代詞與謂語動詞一致（2）表示雙數(shù)意義的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見名詞：glasses,spectacles,sunglasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves,trousers,jeans,shorts。Hisglasseswerebrokenbyhissonlastnight.Thetrouserswerewetduetothebadweather.Note:one，another，theother，either，each，somebody，anybody，nobody，everyone，noone，something，anything等不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。Ihavetwopens;oneisblueandtheotherisred.Eitherofthebooksissuitableforbeginners.Anotheroptionistorestartthecomputer.Nobodyknowstheanswer.Everyonehastheirownstrengths.Note:all，some，any，more，most，therest等作主語時，若指代不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；若指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Allofthewaterhasbeenused.(不可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)形式)Alloftheapplesareripe.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)形式)Someoftheinformationisincorrect.(不可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)形式)Someofthestudentsareabsent.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)形式)Note:both，（a）few，many，（the）others等做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Bothofthewindows

areopen.Afewofthetasks

arecompleted.Manyoftheideasareinnovative.Theothers

arewaitinginthelobby.3.并列主語與謂語動詞的一致（1）由and或both...and...連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果并列主語指的是同一個人、物、概念或一個不可分割的整體，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。常見的這類短語有：breadandbutter（涂黃油的面包），awatchandchain（一塊帶鏈的表），law

andorder（社會秩序），aknifeandfork（一副刀叉），acupandsaucer（一套杯碟）等。JaneandMarycompetewitheachotherforthecontract.Warandpeace

isaconstantthemeinhistory.Ateacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusatalkthisafternoon.3.并列主語與謂語動詞的一致（2）由

aswellas，asmuchas，alongwith，togetherwith，with，including，followedby，inadditionto，like，unlike，except，but，besides，nolessthan，ratherthan，accompaniedby，insteadof，morethan

等連接的并列主語在意義上更強(qiáng)調(diào)前面的主語。即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”。Thegirl，togetherwithherclassmates，hasgonetoplanttrees.NobodybutMaryandJacktakestheEnglishexam.Theteacher，withallhisstudents，isgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.3.并列主語與謂語動詞的一致（3）當(dāng)and連接兩個并列單數(shù)名詞作主語，且由

each，every，no

等修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Eachbookand（each）magazine

hastobereturnedontime.Everydoorand（every）windowinthishousehastoberepairedforanothersale.Noteacherand（no）studentlikesthistextbook.4.其他用法（1）不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）和“疑詞詞/whether+todo”作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。從句作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式；但若主句為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主句謂語動詞的數(shù)通常由作表語的名詞或代詞決定。Readingandwriting

areimportantduringtheprimaryschool.Whattodoisonequestion，andhowtodoit

isquiteanother.Whethersheiscomingornot

doesn'tmattertoomuch.Readingwithoutcomprehensionisnotgoodforimprovingone'sstudyability.4.其他用法Note:當(dāng)and連接兩個并列的上述結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，若表示單一概念，則謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；若表示兩個不同的概念，則謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。WhatTomsaysandwhatTomdoes

isnotabigdeal.Theteacherandthestudent

arediscussingtheassignment.Thehammerandchiselisasetoftools.Themanandthewomanarewalkingtheirdogs.4.其他用法（2）“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞/代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與of后面名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。Eighty-fivepercentofthestudentsinourschoolaregirls.Twothirdsofthefoodhasbeensenttothatarea.（3）“anumberof

+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語時，后面的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而“thenumber

of

+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語時，后面的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Anumberofchildrenareplayinginthepark.

Thenumberofclientsofthiscompanyisrathersmall.4.其他用法Note:“all/half/some/therest...（of+名詞/代詞）”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后面的名詞或代詞，或者視具體的上下文而定。Ihaveeatensomeofthefruits.Therest（ofthem）arelefttoyou.4.其他用法（4）“aquantityof/alotof/lotsof/plentyof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與of后面名詞的數(shù)保持一致。“

quantitiesof+

不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Avastquantityofbeerwassoldyesterday.

Alargequantityofbookswerefoundinhisroom.

Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebyrain.4.其他用法（5）“agreat（good）dealof/alargeamountof/abitof+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。但“l(fā)arge/increasing/smallamountsof+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Agooddealofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.Alargeamountofelectricitywaswastedlastmonth.Largeamountsoftimehavebeeninvestedintheexperiment.4.其他用法（6）“分類詞+of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與分類詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。常用的分類詞有：sort，kind，form，piece，portion，series，species，section，type

等。Thiskindofcompetitionisnotwhatwewant.

Allkindsofflowersblossominspring.

4.其他用法（7）在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句一般是修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞的，所以從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)

oneof之前有the，theonly，themere，thevery等修飾時，從句一般是修飾單數(shù)名詞時，所以從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。Jeffisoneofthejournalistswhowereawardedaprizeatthattime.Jeffistheonlyoneofthejournalistswhowasawardedaprizeatthattime.03意義一致原則1.單數(shù)名詞與謂語動詞的一致有時單數(shù)名詞作主語的單數(shù)名詞表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，以達(dá)到意義一致。（1）有些集體名詞表示同類的全部個體，作主語時，謂語動詞常常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如youth，police,people，personnel，cattle等。Thepolice

are

lookingintotheaccidentthathappenedyesterday.Note:people和youth分別作“人們”“年輕人”講時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但當(dāng)其分別作“民族”“少年，小伙子”講時，為可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)與其單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。Ayouth

is

standingunderthetree.

（2）有些集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的形式取決于主語的意義。當(dāng)主語表示整體概念時，視為單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)主語表示集體中的個體成員時，視為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如army，class，committee，company，crowd，couple，group，party，population，team，public，family，faculty，audience，staff。TheclassareguessingexcitedlywhothenewEnglishteacherwillbe.Ittookmorethantwohoursbeforethecrowd

was

fullydispersed.（3）“the+adj./V-ed”表示一類人，作主語是，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。表示個別人、不可數(shù)事物或抽象概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Itisbelievedthattherich

areusuallyexposedtomoreeducationalresourcesofhighquality.Theinjuredintheaccidentisafriendofmine.2.

復(fù)數(shù)名詞與謂語動詞的一致（1）有一些名詞雖是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但實際上用作單數(shù)，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Thebadnews

is

thatonly13percentofpeoplegotthesalarytheydeserved.（2）表示時間、距離、金額、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，若表示整體概念，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。Fortymiles

is

toolongawaytowalkinaday.（3）以

-ics結(jié)尾表學(xué)科等的名詞作主語時，一般要求謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。常見的這類名詞有：physics（物理學(xué)），economics（經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)），electronics（電子學(xué)），mathematics（數(shù)學(xué)），ethics（倫理學(xué)），politics（政治學(xué)），statistics（統(tǒng)計學(xué)），gymnastics（體操），athletics田徑運(yùn)動）等。但當(dāng)economics，electronics，mathematics，ethics，politics，statistics表示學(xué)科以外的其他含義時，可作復(fù)數(shù)用，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Physics

is

oneofthehardestsubjectsforamiddleschoolstudent.Statisticsinthearticlearenotaccurate.Note:以-s結(jié)尾的表示“國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、事件、作品、報刊”等名稱的專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。TheUnitedStates

is

adevelopedcountry.

（4）“a/this/thatpair/suitof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Thatpairofshoes

has

alreadybeensoldout.

3.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞與謂語動詞的一致有些名詞只有一種形式，既能表示單數(shù)含義，又能表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，這些名詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與其表達(dá)的具體意義保持一致。常見的這類名詞有：aircraft，deer，?sh，means，sheep，species，series，headquarters（總部）等。Asheep

is

runningalongtheriver.

Somesheep

are

runningalongthebankoftheriver.

Note:means

作“方法，手段，工具”講時，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。作主語時，若其前面有each，every，either，neither等表示單數(shù)概念的定語修飾，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。若其前面有all，both，these等表示復(fù)數(shù)概念的定語修飾，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Every

possible

meanshas

beentried.All

possible

meanshave

beentakentosavetheboy.04就近原則1.

“名詞/代詞+or+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與or后的名詞/代詞一致。YouorMary

is

tobesenttosolvetheproblem.YouorJoseph

is

goingtomeetthematthestationthisafternoon.2.

“either+名詞/代詞+or+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與or后的名詞/代詞保持一致。EitherIorthey

are

responsiblefortheresultofthematter.Eitheryouorhe

is

goingtoParis.Onlyonepersoncangothere.3.“neither+名詞/代詞+nor+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與nor后的名詞/代詞保持一致。Neitherthemothernorthechildren

know

anythingaboutthismatter.Neitherhisfamilynorhe

likes

shoppingonline.4.“notonly+名詞/代詞+but（also）+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與but（also）后的名詞/代詞保持一致。NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary

are

willingtodovolunteerwork.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher

enjoys

listeningtomusic.5.在therebe句型中，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與離其最近的主語保持一致。There

is

apen，twopencilsandseveralbooksonthetable.There

are

somestudentsandateacheroverthere.05習(xí)題訓(xùn)練語法探究Here____(be)thenewterm.There____(be)aparentmeeting.DoesTomlikeit?Aha,nothisparentsbuthe________________(notwant)togo.Obviously,eitherhisfatherorhismother________(need)toattendthemeeting.Totellthetruth,notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher________(wish)foraholidayinsteadofameeting.isisdoesn'twantneedswishes小試牛刀NobodybutJane__________(know)thesecret.Eversincetheirquarrel,there__________(be)anunpleasantatmosphereintheoffice.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__________(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneaswellasMary__________(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.knowsarehasbeenis語法探究Paperaswellasothermaterials________(play)animportantroleinourstudy.Theteacher,alongwithhisstudents________(take)measurestosavepaper.However,inTom’sclass,nobodybutoneteacherandfivestudents_________(try)tomakeuseofwastepaperproperly.playstakestries小試牛刀：語法填空—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea________(be)invited.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities____________(be)risingsteadilysince1990.12washasbeen小試牛刀：語法填空Tenyears_________amomentinhistory.Itistheboyswho_________(be)responsiblefortheaccident.34isare小試牛刀：語法填空TherewasonceaChinesemanintheUSwho________________(accuse)afterheusedacertainformofTCMtreatmenttocurehisgrandson’sdisease.5wasaccused小試牛刀：語法填空TheWorld’sWideWebiscomposedofdifferentwebsites,which_______________(create)bypeopleandorganizationsaroundtheworld.6arecreated小試牛刀：語法填空Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,________(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.Theteacherwiththestudents_________(be)discussingReadingSkillsthat_________(be)newlypublishedinAmerica.12iswereis小試牛刀：語法填空Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents________(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager__________________(encourage)toworkonlineathomenow.34isareencouraged語法探究Thestudentseach________(be)allowedtomakemistakes.Boththeteacherandthestudents________(have)chancetocorrectthemistakestheymade.Forexample,myteacher’strousers________(be)takenbymistakeyesterday.Makingmistakesandkeepingtrying________(be)normalduringthelearningprocess.arehaveareare牛刀小試Bothteams_______(be)readytofaceoff.1are牛刀小試Myglasses______(seem)tohavevanished.2seem牛刀小試Theglass_______(be)madefromcomplexmaterials.3is牛刀小試Onethirdoftheglass______(be)collectedbythehomelessboy.4is牛刀小試Onethirdoftheglasses______(be)collectedbythehomelessboy.4are語法探究Eachofthestudents________(have)achancetojointhebasketballclub.Bruce________(take)aninterestinplayingbasketballand________(want)tobethebestplayer.Practicingplayingbasketball________(become)partofhisschoollife.Nothing________(stop)hisenthusiasmforplayingbasketball.Manyagirl________(want)tojointhebasketballclub.TheywanttoplaywithBruce.Tosaytheyareignorantoftherules________(be)noexcuse.Everybody________(burst)intolaughter.Howtopersuadethegirlstofollowtherules________(make)Bruceannoyed.hastakeswantsbecomesstopswantsisburstsmakes牛刀小試Manyamother________(try)toactoutherunrealizeddreamsthroughherdaughter.1tries牛刀小試Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts____________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.2hascaused牛刀小試Eachofthestudents____(be)allowedtomakemistakes.3is牛刀小試Thestudentseach____(be)allowedtomakemistakes.4are語法探究Onlyonethirdoftheearth_______(be)coveredbytheland.Thatistosay,mostofthesurface__________(be)coveredbywater.Plentyoftheplants__________(need)enoughwatertosurviveandwehumanbeingscan’tlivewithoutwater.However,morethan80%ofthewastewater________(be)pumpedfromthefactoryintoanearbyriver.What’sworse,watercrisis_______againsoundedwarningsinChinabecauseofco-existenceofserioussituationofwaterwasteandpollutioninurbanareas.isisneedishas小試牛刀：語法填空ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually________(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatchmaking,engagements,meetingthebrideandthreebows.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody________(have)toworryaboutfashion.12involveshas語法探究Ihaveaneveningparty.Look!Thesingeranddancer______(be)toattendmyparty.Heismybrother.Besides，thatfamouswriterandtranslator______(be)todeliveraspeechatmyparty.Aha,sheismymother.Anumberofotherfamouspeople_____(be)toattendtheparty.Thenumberofchairs_____(be)upto500.isisareisMorethanoneperformance_____(be)prepared.Thistypeofparties_____(be)commoninthecitywelive.Eighteenyears_____(be)alongtimeinmylife.Iamnottheonewho_____(be)afraidofdifficultiesonthewaytosuccess.ItisIwho_____(be)responsibleformyownlife.語法探究isisisisam小試牛刀：語法填空Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich________(be)savedforotherpurposes.China’shigh-speedrailways________________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.12werehavegrown小試牛刀：語法填空ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusually________(involve)somenecessaryprocedures,suchasmatchmaking,engagements,meetingthebrideandthreebows.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody________(have)toworryaboutfashion.34involveshasareincludes小試牛刀：句子改錯Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludelearningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.ThemajorityofBritishpeopleisfriendly.34單項選擇Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.01isnotdecidedarenotdecidedhasnotdecidedhavenotdecided選項可點(diǎn)擊A單項選擇Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks______tothenationasagift.02isofferedhaveofferedareofferedhasoffered選項可點(diǎn)擊A單項選擇Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyofthewomenwho______eveningdress.03wearwearshaswornhaveworn選項可點(diǎn)擊B單項選擇SuchpoetsasShakespeare_______widelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,some_______