考點33 完形填空夾敘夾議文+語篇層次題（核心考點精講精練）高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點幫（新高考）原卷版

考點33完形填空夾敘夾議文+語篇層次題（核心考點精講精練）1.高考真題考點分布試卷年份體裁主題考查類型語境話題(短語)動詞名詞(短語)形容詞(短語)副詞介詞(短語)2024新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文人與自我設(shè)定適合自己的目標85110新高考Ⅱ卷記敘文人與社會在意大利買房95100全國甲卷記敘文人與自我奶奶講兒時故事78311浙江1月卷記敘文人與社會一段不尋常的火車站之旅393002023全國乙卷記敘文人與自我奧運會個人全能冠軍123510全國甲卷記敘文人與社會鄰居送來禮物84701新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文人與社會救助競爭對手67200新高考Ⅱ卷記敘文人與社會寵物公益航班734102022新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文人與自我露營經(jīng)歷55311新高考Ⅱ卷記敘文人與自我通過看房環(huán)球旅行74310全國甲卷人與社會因狗結(jié)緣78221記敘文全國乙卷說明文人與社會與捉迷藏相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗783202021全國乙卷夾敘夾議人與社會女患巧妙感謝醫(yī)護1071202.命題規(guī)律及備考策略【命題規(guī)律】近三年設(shè)題方式大致可分為語篇層次、句間層次及句內(nèi)層次三種題型。在難易程度上，句內(nèi)層次題和句間層次題較容易，考生只需要結(jié)合語境理解空格所在句或相鄰的幾句就可以確定答案，且句內(nèi)層次、句間層次題考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分數(shù)。但高考是選拔性的考試，每篇完形填空總會有那么幾個比較難的語篇層次題成為考生取得高分的攔路虎。句內(nèi)層次題：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子決定。句間層次題：是指空格的答案由與空格相距不遠的一組句子決定。語篇層次題：是指空格的答案由整篇文章的內(nèi)涵決定?！緜淇疾呗浴酷槍Ω呖紛A敘夾議性的完形填空題，備考策略如下：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住作者觀點。在做題時要借助文章結(jié)構(gòu)，認真體會記敘和議論的關(guān)系，抓住作者的觀點，明確文章的組織方式。看文章屬于上述哪種結(jié)構(gòu)，從而明白作者的思路。重視首句，把握文章主題。首句往往是文章的關(guān)鍵句、引題句或主題句。通過首句可以初步判斷文章的寫作目的，為全面理解文章打開一扇“窗戶”。敘議兼顧，理解議論內(nèi)涵。夾敘夾議中敘與議是一個有機的整體，敘是議的基礎(chǔ)，而議是敘的升華。在讀這類文章時，掌握議論部分的內(nèi)容是關(guān)鍵，因為敘述是為作者的議論而服務(wù)的。所以只有把故事和哲理聯(lián)系起來，再結(jié)合人物心理和行為的描述，全面把握文章才能正確解題。抓住轉(zhuǎn)換，理清邏輯關(guān)系。抓住記敘與議論的轉(zhuǎn)換，及時調(diào)整思維方式，理清上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，在充分把握語境的基礎(chǔ)上，辨析詞語，進一步把握作者的觀點、態(tài)度，找到正確答案。3.【命題預(yù)測】預(yù)計2025年高考完形填空對詞匯的考查仍將以實詞為主，且突出語境化的特點。在備考過程中，考生應(yīng)注意夯實基礎(chǔ)詞匯知識，增加詞匯儲備量，尤其要注意課標詞匯中的多義詞、派生詞等，同時提高語言運用能力。必備基礎(chǔ)知識：夾敘夾議文完形填空的文章一般具有哲理性，往往從一件看似平淡的小事中領(lǐng)悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人尋味，可讀性較強。文章記敘部分的內(nèi)容積極、情節(jié)曲折動人；議論部分則是記敘的升華，兼具教育性和啟發(fā)性。夾敘夾議文“敘議兼顧”，既有記敘文的特點，同時又具有議論文的特點。在結(jié)構(gòu)上，該文體采用“先敘后議”“先議后敘”或“敘議交替”的寫作模式，敘述中流露人間真情，體現(xiàn)理性思維，人文情懷、參與社會的人文素養(yǎng)。旨在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上，通過議論的手段，說明作者的態(tài)度、觀點、思想和目的。一、語篇層次題二大解題思路語篇層次題根據(jù)句內(nèi)、上下文都無法確定答案，需要根據(jù)語篇信息、后面某段甚至末段信息才能確定答案.思路1利用首尾呼應(yīng)關(guān)系解題(2021·1月浙江)IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day42.Wehadto43.carryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea44.longwaybutin35'℃heatandwithaheavypack,mylegswereonfire....Needlesstosay,Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI54.survived.IthinkIammuch55.strongerforhavingtakenpartintheproject.42.A.tourB.projectC.campaignD.course思路2利用文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)解題(2022·全國甲)Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs...Thenextweekwe47.walkedourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour48.breath,Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)?Ilikedhimtoo,butso49.soonhepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.50.Inthatmoment,Ibegantofallforhim....Ayearlater,muchtomy58.delight,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI59.needhimto.That'sonlyforgiving60tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.60.A.toysB.awardsC.foodD.water1.（2024·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測）In2014,Amycollapsedfromabrainhemorrhage(腦溢血)whileworking.Afterayearrecoveringathome,shesighedupforacoursewiththeambitiontobecomea2.However,occasionalvisiondisturbancewasstillpresen,influencingtheamountofenergyshecouldgivetothecourse.Furthercomplications(并發(fā)癥)lefttheyoungartistalmostcompletelyblind,makingitdifficulttoseeawholefigure.It’sparticularlydepressingbecauseitseemedtoruinedheroptimismtobeapainter!2．A．teacher B．doctor C．worker D．painter2.（23-24高三·四川成都·期末）Weneverstoplearning.ThemostimportantskillIpickedupatschoolwaskeepingaroutine.Routinesallowustodeveloparhythmtoourlives,buttheyalsohavetheirdisadvantages.Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutinethatyoudon’trealizeyou’renolongerawareofyourtime.Thiscanstop34,whichmeansyoustartlivingyourlifeonautopilot(自動駕駛）.34．A．service B．play C．explanation D．a(chǎn)dvance二、完形填空解題口訣01依情感，識褒貶【2023年全國甲卷】Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes___54look___perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody’sgoingtohavea___55___memoryofthose.55A.happy B.vivid C.short D.vague【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】AsforBailey,sheismore____51____aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig____52deal____.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t____53_leave___her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”31.A.worried B.ashamed C.confusedD.discouraged（遼寧省朝陽市遼寧名校2024年試題）Oneday,Timcamehomefromschool.Hisfacewasfilledwithsadnessand21.Hisclassmatehadsaidhurtfulthingstohim,22Timtofeelupsetanddiscouraged.21．A．hope B．confidence C．improvement D．a(chǎn)nger22．A．confusing B．a(chǎn)ttracting C．causing D．Assisting02劃范疇，前后連完形填空對詞匯的考查與上下文的語境息息相關(guān)。明確上下句之間話題的范圍有助于確定答案。1.【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher____44____whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She____45____tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith____46____.Shecouldn’t.44.A.race B.school C.town D.training45.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice03析意群，定答案在句間層次題中，有些題目我們往往也需要通過上下文的語境暗示來解題，即根據(jù)已知信息，推導(dǎo)出正確答案。(2023·全國甲卷)It’sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey’re___58onsale___,andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere___59_grown__.WhatMariohad___60___uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.40.A.cooked B.given C.bought D.told【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith____46aid____.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen____47____toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____48____attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas____49assessed____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.27.A.wentaway B.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown28.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal（最新模擬試題演練）Close1（2024·安徽蕪湖·模擬預(yù)測）Igrewupwithmyidenticaltwin.Onethingaboutbeinga1isthatitmakesyouanexpertinspottingfavoritism(偏愛).Ifhiscookiewasslightlybiggerthanmine,Iwas2althoughIwasn’thungry.WhenIbecameapsychologist,Ibeganto3howmuchmorewe4thebodythanwedothemind.Ispentnineyearsearningmydoctorate(博士學(xué)位)inpsychology,andIcan’ttellyouhowmanypeoplelookatmybusinesscardandsay,“Oh—apsychologist.So,nota5doctor.”Thisfavoritismweshowthebodyoverthemindcanbeseeneverywhere.Iwasatmyfriends’house,andtheirfive-year-oldwasstandingonastool(凳子),brushinghisteeth.Hisskinonhislegwas6whenhefellfromthestool.Heimmediately7foraboxofBand-Aidstoputoneonhiscut.Thiskidcould8tiehisshoelaces,butheknewhehadto9acut.Weallknowhowtolookafterourphysicalhealth.Butwhataboutourpsychologicalhealth?Well,nothing.We10psychologicalinjuriesevenmoreoftenthanwedophysicalones,injurieslikefailureorloneliness.However,weoften11them.Eventhoughtherearescientifictechniquesto12psychologicalinjuries,wedon’t.“Oh,you’refeelingdepressed?Just13;it’sallinyourhead.”Canyouimaginesayingthattosomebodywithabroken14:“Oh,justwalkitoff.”It’stimewemadeourphysicalandourpsychological15moreequal,moreliketwins.1．A．hero B．twin C．winner D．a(chǎn)rtist2．A．weak B．tired C．upset D．embarrassed3．A．notice B．doubt C．worry D．deny4．A．fuel B．value C．defend D．a(chǎn)ffect5．A．private B．real C．potential D．responsible6．A．burned B．twisted C．damaged D．dirtied7．A．madeup B．wentin C．watchedout D．reachedout8．A．readily B．voluntarily C．hardly D．carefully9．A．a(chǎn)void B．cover C．expose D．hide10．A．dislike B．escape C．suffer D．overcome11．A．fear B．hug C．ignore D．mistake12．A．treat B．discover C．predict D．replace13．A．keepitup B．checkitout C．workitout D．shakeitoff14．A．leg B．head C．back D．a(chǎn)rm15．A．benefit B．health C．wealth D．fameClose2（23-24高三·河南駐馬店·階段練習(xí)）Ihadtoleaveschoolatayoungagebecauseofmypoorfamily.Idecidedtogobacktocollegeto16mydreamat42.CouldIbalancethe17asastudent,momandwife?Imanagedto18enoughmoneyformyfirstsemesterthoughourbudgetwas19.ButIhadnoideahowIwouldpayforanythingbeyondthat.Withastepoffaith,I20.Studyingwithkidshalfmyage,Ihadto21myselftolearnnewthings.Aftertheinitialfirstweekspassed,however,abalancewas22betweenmystudyingandliving.Howtomakeendsmeetathomewasstillmy23.Butoneday,aprofessormentionedthatgrantmoney(助學(xué)金)was24tostudentslikeme.SoIbegantheapplicationprocess.25,IreceivedacallfrommyprofessortellingmethatIwasselectedweekslater.I’dhaveto26somevolunteerhoursasrequiredbythegrantprogram,buttheremainderofmycollegeexpenseswouldbe27.Ihungupthephonewithtearyeyes.Icouldn’tbelievemydreamwasbecominga28.Foranothertwoyears.Icontinuedtakingsummersessions.Forthenexteighteenyears,Itaughtinaprimaryschool.Itoldstudentsmy29ofhowIachievedmydreamallmylife.Ifyou’reworkingonsomethingthatyoureallycareabout,youdon’thavetobe30.Thedreampullsyou.16．A．transform B．pursue C．a(chǎn)cknowledge D．confirm17．A．roles B．models C．conflicts D．stresses18．A．donate B．win C．lend D．spare19．A．unlimited B．sufficient C．tight D．balanced20．A．steppedforward B．tookoff C．stayedup D．movedaround21．A．behave B．a(chǎn)muse C．prove D．challenge22．A．disturbed B．restored C．a(chǎn)chieved D．shifted23．A．relief B．concern C．curiosity D．resolution24．A．unique B．a(chǎn)vailable C．related D．familiar25．A．Luckily B．Naturally C．Accidentally D．Undoubtedly26．A．manage B．skip C．invest D．record27．A．updated B．charged C．registered D．covered28．A．fantasy B．reality C．secret D．belief29．A．story B．a(chǎn)dventure C．discovery D．theory30．A．motivated B．recognized C．pushed D．exposedClose3（2024·浙江臺州·一模）Abunchofbrilliantyellowflowerswasdedicatedtomymother.Shewasamazedatitsshapeandsomethingbeyonddescriptionbutherpassioneventually1.Itdidn’tmatteralotthatbothmyparentshatedthe2oftheseflowersinthelawn.Ithoughttheyweregorgeous!Andtherewereanoceanofthem!Wespenthourspickingtheflowersandthenpoppingtheblossomsoffwithasnapofourfingers.Butthesupplyofdandelions(蒲公英)never3.Myfatherorbrotherswouldcutoffalltheheadswiththelawnmower(割草機)atleastonceaweek,butthatdidn’t4thesehardywonders.Andforthoseflowersthatescapedthehonorofbeing5tomymotherorthedestinytobekilledbythelawnmower,therewasanother6ofexistence.Thesoftroundnessofadandeliongonetoseedcausedendlesslaughterofdelightaswe7spreadthisfloweracrosstheyard.AsIworkedinmygardenlastweek,pullingunwantedweedsoutofthespacethatwouldbecomeanidealplacefortomatoes,com,peasandsunflowers,Iagain8attheflowerthatsomecallaweed.AndIthought,IhopeIhadthe9ofadandelion.IfonlyIcouldstretchmyrootssodeepandstraightthatsomethingtuggingonmystem(莖)couldn’t10mecompletelyfromthesourcethatfeedsmelife.IfonlyIcouldcomebacktofacetheworldwithabright,sunshinyfaceaftersomeonehasrunmeoverwitha11orworse,purposelyattackedmeinanattempttodestroyme.IfonlyIcouldspreadloveandencouragementasfreelyandfullyasthisflowerspreadsseedsofitself.Thelawnsatmyparents’homearenowbeautifulgreenblankets.Theonlypatchesofcolorcomefromwell-placedand12flowerbeds.Chemicalshavemanagedtokillwhathuman13couldn’t.IhopeyouandIcanbe14.Ihopethatwecanstretchourrootsdeepenoughthatthestrongestpoisoncan’treachour15.Ihopethatwecanovercomethepoisonsofanger,fear,hate,criticismandcompetitiveness.1．A．a(chǎn)ltered B．faded C．remained D．uplifted2．A．presence B．a(chǎn)bsence C．survival D．revival3．A．pulledup B．settleddown C．gotacross D．ranout4．A．distract B．destroy C．trouble D．restore5．A．hand-washed B．hand-written C．hand-delivered D．hand-crafted6．A．dimension B．a(chǎn)ddiction C．a(chǎn)nticipation D．exception7．A．conventionally B．suspiciously C．deliberately D．unconsciously8．A．grabbed B．yelled C．marveled D．laughed9．A．productivity B．perseverance C．inclusiveness D．effectiveness10．A．separate B．discourage C．defend D．forbid11．A．vehicle B．pesticide C．lawnmower D．dandelion12．A．multi-tasked B．self-supporting C．well-controlled D．water-washing13．A．evolution B．interference C．preservation D．enhancement14．A．immersive B．conventional C．superior D．different15．A．souls B．deadlines C．fields D．targets2021年完形填空夾敘夾議文(20空)Close1【2021年全國乙卷】Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa___41___justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent___42___ofgratitude(感謝).Mythoughtsweresoon___43___.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas___44___fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while___45___togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas___46___discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,___47___theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though___48___,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.Shewas___49___foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischargewesharedinher_____50_____atherrecovery.Asshewas_____51_____shewaseagertosay_____52_____toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe_____53_____onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague_____54_____toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust_____55_____ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen_____56_____:“Ohthisisn'tforthe_____57_____Ihad.Itakethatasa_____58_____.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,_____59_____livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan_____60_____andshouldberewarded.41.A.cleaner B.chemist C.nurse D.doctor42.A.grades B.meanings C.needs D.expectations43.A.brushedaside B.puttothetest C.broughtunderdiscussion D.takenintoaccount44.A.departing B.escaping C.retiring D.recovering45.A.attempting B.choosing C.pausing D.promising46.A.eventually B.fortunately C.casually D.secretly47.A.assessing B.requiring C.forming D.proving48.A.slightly B.accidentally C.slowly D.happily49.A.grateful B.thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful50.A.surprise B.delight C.curiosity D.disappointment51.A.operating B.thinking C.hesitating D.leaving52.A.sorry B.hello C.goodbye D.yes53.A.reached B.consulted C.introduced D.persuaded54.A.wished B.pretended C.failed D.refused55A.enjoying B.doing C.securing D.starting56.A.repeated B.recited C.replied D.reported57.A.courage B.patience C.duty D.care58.A.goal B.given C.push D.greeting59.A.risking B.changing C.saving D.building60.A.honour B.ability C.opening D.extraClose2【2021年浙江卷1月】LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto16ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA．ThreemonthslaterI17myselfonaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona.Iwas18atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However,withinfifteenminutesof19,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso20andlike-mindedthatitwasvery21tofeelathome.IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day22.Weha